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B1 adverb ニュートラル 3分で読める

正式地

zheng4 shi4 de /tʂəŋ˥˩ ʂʐ̩˥˩ ti˥˩/
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Overview

The Chinese word '正式地' (zhèng shì de) serves as an adverb, signifying 'formally' or 'officially.' It is formed by combining '正式' (zhèng shì), meaning 'formal' or 'official,' with the structural particle '地' (de), which transforms an adjective into an adverb. This construction is common in Chinese to modify verbs, indicating the manner in which an action is performed.

**Usage and Context:**

'正式地' is used when an action needs to adhere to established rules, procedures, or expectations of a formal setting. It often implies a sense of solemnity, seriousness, or adherence to protocol. Consider these scenarios:

  • Official Communications/Events: When something is announced, stated, or conducted in a formal or official capacity, '正式地' is appropriate. For instance, '政府正式地宣布了新的政策' (Zhèngfǔ zhèngshì de xuānbù le xīn de zhèngcè) translates to 'The government officially announced the new policy.' Here, 'officially' emphasizes that the announcement was made through proper channels and holds official weight.
  • Formal Procedures/Processes: When a task or process must follow a specific, prescribed method, '正式地' comes into play. For example, '他们正式地签署了合同' (Tāmen zhèngshì de qiānshǔ le hétong) means 'They formally signed the contract.' This indicates that the signing was done with all due legal and procedural considerations.
  • Serious or Important Actions: Even outside of strictly governmental or legal contexts, '正式地' can be used to convey that an action is taken with a high degree of seriousness and intention. '他正式地向她求婚' (Tā zhèngshì de xiàng tā qiúhūn) means 'He formally proposed to her.' This suggests a well-thought-out, significant proposal, not a casual one.
  • Contrast with Informality: '正式地' often stands in contrast to informal or casual actions. If something is done '非正式地' (fēi zhèngshì de, informally), it implies a relaxed approach without strict adherence to rules. Therefore, using '正式地' highlights the structured and rule-bound nature of an action.

**Grammatical Structure:**

The most common structure is: Subject + 正式地 + Verb + Object.

For example:

  • 老师正式地开始了课程。(Lǎoshī zhèngshì de kāishǐ le kèchéng.) - The teacher formally started the class.
  • 我们正式地提交了申请。(Wǒmen zhèngshì de tíjiāo le shēnqǐng.) - We officially submitted the application.

**Nuances and Considerations:**

While '正式地' generally translates to 'formally' or 'officially,' the specific nuance can vary slightly depending on the verb it modifies. It always emphasizes that the action is carried out with a certain level of decorum, adherence to standards, or authorization.

In some cases, the '地' can be omitted if the context already makes it clear that '正式' is acting as an adverb, especially in more colloquial speech or when '正式' is used as an adverbial adjunct before a monosyllabic verb. However, including '地' is grammatically more complete and often clearer, particularly in written or more formal communication.

In summary, '正式地' is a crucial adverb in Chinese for conveying that an action is performed with formality, adherence to official procedures, or a significant degree of seriousness.

例文

1

他穿着西装，正式地出席了会议。

商务会议

He attended the meeting formally dressed in a suit.

2

这件事情需要正式地向领导汇报。

工作汇报

This matter needs to be officially reported to the leader.

3

学校正式地公布了考试成绩。

学校通知

The school officially announced the exam results.

4

他们正式地签署了合作协议。

合作洽谈

They formally signed the cooperation agreement.

5

她正式地向大家介绍了她的新书。

新书发布会

She formally introduced her new book to everyone.

よく使う組み合わせ

正式地宣布
正式地通知
正式地启动
正式地提交

よく混同される語

正式地 対 正式
The main difference is that '正式' is an adjective meaning 'formal' or 'official', while '正式地' is an adverb meaning 'formally' or 'officially'. '正式' describes a noun, whereas '正式地' describes a verb or an adjective.
正式地 対 官方地
While both can mean 'officially', '正式地' emphasizes adhering to proper procedures or being in a formal capacity, often in a general sense. '官方地' specifically refers to something done by or related to the government or an authorized body.

文法パターン

正式地 + Verb (e.g., 正式地宣布 - formally announce) Adjective + 地 + 正式 (e.g., 很正式地 - very formally) Verb Phrase + 得 + 很正式 (e.g., 穿得非常正式 - dressed very formally)

使い方

使い方のコツ

The adverb '正式地' (zhèng shì de) is used to describe an action performed in a formal or official manner. It often modifies verbs that involve communication, conduct, or presentation. For example, one might '正式地宣布' (zhèng shì de xuān bù, formally announce) something, '正式地着装' (zhèng shì de zhuó zhuāng, formally dress), or '正式地提交申请' (zhèng shì de tí jiāo shēn qǐng, formally submit an application). The inclusion of '地' (de) marks it as an adverb, indicating how an action is carried out. While '正式' can also function as an adjective (e.g., '正式场合' - formal occasion, '正式文件' - official document), '正式地' specifically refers to the manner of an action. It's important to distinguish between '正式地' and more casual adverbs when the context demands a respectful or official tone. For instance, in business or government contexts, using '正式地' is crucial to convey seriousness and adherence to protocol, whereas in informal settings, it might sound overly stiff or out of place. The choice to use '正式地' often signals an awareness of social hierarchies, professional standards, or institutional requirements.

ヒント

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Usage of '正式地' (zhèngshìde)

'正式地' is an adverb that means 'formally' or 'officially'. It is used to describe an action or event that is conducted in a formal or official manner. It often implies adherence to rules, procedures, or established protocols.
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Distinguishing from '正式' (zhèngshì)

While '正式地' is an adverb, '正式' can function as an adjective meaning 'formal' or 'official'. For example, you might say '这是一个正式的场合' (zhè shì yīgè zhèngshì de chǎnghé) meaning 'This is a formal occasion'. '正式地' modifies a verb, describing *how* an action is performed, such as '他正式地宣布了结果' (tā zhèngshìde xuānbù le jiéguǒ) meaning 'He formally announced the results'.
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Common contexts for '正式地'

'正式地' is frequently used in situations involving official announcements, ceremonies, agreements, or legal proceedings. Examples include '正式地签署合同' (zhèngshìde qiānshǔ hétong - formally sign the contract), '正式地发出邀请' (zhèngshìde fāchū yāoqǐng - formally send an invitation), or '正式地开始会议' (zhèngshìde kāishǐ huìyì - formally start the meeting).

語源

The Chinese word '正式地' (zhèng shì de) is an adverb derived from the adjective '正式' (zhèng shì), meaning 'formal' or 'official'. The suffix '地' (-de) is a common grammatical particle in Mandarin Chinese that transforms an adjective into an adverb, similar to '-ly' in English. The word '正式' itself is composed of two characters: 1. '正' (zhèng): This character has a broad range of meanings including 'correct', 'proper', 'upright', 'just', 'main', 'first', 'straight', or 'to rectify'. In the context of '正式', it conveys the idea of something being correct, proper, or in accordance with established standards. 2. '式' (shì): This character means 'style', 'form', 'pattern', 'type', 'model', or 'formula'. When combined with '正', it suggests a standard or correct form or style. Therefore, '正式' collectively refers to something that adheres to established rules, customs, or protocols, making it formal or official. Adding '地' then describes an action or manner that is conducted in such a formal or official way. The historical development of these characters can be traced back to ancient Chinese script. '正' (zhèng) in its ancient forms often depicted a foot or a person standing upright, symbolizing correctness and uprightness. '式' (shì) originally related to models or molds used for casting, evolving to represent established patterns or forms. Their combination to form '正式' likely developed over centuries as the Chinese language evolved, reflecting the societal emphasis on propriety and established procedures.

文化的な背景

The term '正式地' (zhèng shì de) in Chinese carries significant cultural weight, often implying adherence to established norms, protocols, or social expectations. In Chinese culture, formality is highly valued in many settings, reflecting respect, order, and seriousness. This can be seen in official ceremonies, business negotiations, academic presentations, and even personal interactions where a certain level of decorum is expected. The concept of 'face' (面子, miànzi) is closely linked to formality; acting 'officially' or 'formally' can be a way of showing respect for others and maintaining one's own reputation. Conversely, a lack of formality in situations where it's expected might be perceived as disrespectful or unprofessional. This emphasis on proper conduct and established procedures contributes to a stable and harmonious social environment, which is a core tenet of Confucian philosophy that has deeply influenced Chinese culture.

覚え方のコツ

The character '正' (zhèng) means 'upright' or 'correct,' and '式' (shì) means 'style' or 'form.' Together, '正式' means 'formal.' The character '地' (de) is a particle used to form an adverb. So, '正式地' literally means 'in a formal way' or 'formally.'

よくある質問

4 問
The Chinese word '正式地' (zhèng shì de) translates to 'formally' or 'officially' in English. It's an adverb used to describe actions or situations that adhere to established rules, customs, or protocols. When something is done '正式地', it implies a sense of proper procedure, seriousness, and adherence to official standards, whether in a social, professional, or governmental context. It suggests a lack of informality or casualness, emphasizing the importance of following the correct way of doing things.
'正式地' is typically placed before the verb it modifies. For example, you might say '他们正式地宣布了结果' (Tāmen zhèngshì de xuānbù le jiéguǒ), which means 'They formally announced the results.' Another example could be '会议正式地开始了' (Huìyì zhèngshì de kāishǐ le), meaning 'The meeting officially began.' It sets the tone for an action, indicating that it is carried out with a certain level of gravity and adherence to established norms or procedures.
You would use '正式地' in situations where formality or official recognition is important. For instance, when a new law is enacted, it is '正式地' announced. A couple might '正式地' get married at a ceremony. A company might '正式地' launch a new product. In all these cases, the word highlights the adherence to proper procedures, legal requirements, or established customs, distinguishing the action from something casual or unofficial. It signifies an act with significant implications or recognition.
While both '正式地' (zhèng shì de) and '正式' (zhèng shì) relate to formality, they function differently grammatically. '正式' is an adjective, meaning 'formal' or 'official'. For example, you might talk about a '正式会议' (zhèngshì huìyì), which means 'formal meeting'. '正式地', on the other hand, is an adverb, meaning 'formally' or 'officially', and it describes *how* an action is performed. So, while '正式' describes the noun, '正式地' describes the verb, indicating the manner of the action. You wouldn't use '正式' to modify a verb directly.

自分をテスト

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她__________宣布了她的辞职决定。 (She officially announced her decision to resign.)

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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我们__________签署了合同。 (We formally signed the contract.)

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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请你__________说明一下你的计划。 (Please formally explain your plan.)

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

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formally 英語 공식적으로 韓国語
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