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心神不宁

A2 noun 8分で読める

心神不宁

xīn shén bù níng

練習する例文メモとヒント 心神不宁 30秒で

解説 心神不宁 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of '心神不宁' (xīn shén bù níng) as a way to say 'I feel bad inside' or 'I am not happy and cannot relax.' Even though it is a four-character word, you can learn it as a fixed phrase. Imagine you have a big test tomorrow and you cannot sleep because you are thinking about it. You can say '我心神不宁' (Wǒ xīnshén bùníng). It is like saying 'My heart is not quiet.' At this stage, focus on the '心' (heart) part. If your heart is not quiet, you cannot study or play well. Use it when you are very worried about something small but important, like losing your favorite toy or waiting for a friend.

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At the A2 level, you should understand that '心神不宁' is used to describe a feeling of being 'restless' or 'agitated.' You might use it when you are distracted. For example, if you are in class but you are thinking about a soccer game, you might feel '心神不宁.' It is more specific than just '担心' (worry). '担心' is what you do, but '心神不宁' is how you feel. You can use it in simple sentences like '因为明天的考试，他心神不宁' (Because of tomorrow's exam, he is restless). Notice that it usually comes at the end of a sentence or after words like '觉得' (feel) or '感到' (feel). It helps you describe your feelings more accurately than just using 'happy' or 'sad.'

At the B1 level, you can start using '心神不宁' to describe more complex social or emotional situations. It is an excellent word for describing why someone is not acting like themselves. You can use it to talk about characters in stories or people you know. For instance, '他最近因为工作的事心神不宁，经常出错' (He has been restless lately because of work, and often makes mistakes). This shows you understand the cause-and-effect relationship between an internal state and external behavior. You should also recognize it when reading short stories or watching Chinese TV shows. It often appears when a character is keeping a secret or waiting for news that could change their life. It adds a layer of 'mental atmosphere' to your descriptions.

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At the B2 level, '心神不宁' becomes a tool for nuanced psychological description. You should be able to distinguish it from similar idioms like '坐立不安' (physical restlessness) or '忐忑不安' (nervousness about a specific outcome). '心神不宁' is more about the 'spirit' (神) being unsettled. You can use it in more formal writing, such as an essay about stress in modern society or a character analysis in literature. You might say, '这种不确定的未来让许多年轻人感到心神不宁' (This uncertain future makes many young people feel restless). At this level, you should also be comfortable using it as an adverbial phrase: '他心神不宁地在走廊里走来走去' (He paced the hallway restlessly). This demonstrates a high command of Chinese sentence structure and idiomatic usage.

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At the C1 level, you should appreciate the philosophical and cultural roots of '心神不宁.' The concept of '心神' (heart-spirit) is central to Chinese views on mental health and internal harmony. You can use this term in deep discussions about philosophy, psychology, or classical literature. For example, you might analyze how a character's '心神不宁' reflects a conflict between their personal desires and social duties. You can also use it to describe abstract concepts, like the 'restless spirit of an era' (一个时代的心神不宁). Your usage should be precise, showing that you understand the subtle difference between this and other 'restless' idioms. You might use it to describe a subtle, underlying anxiety that permeates a situation rather than just a temporary feeling.

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At the C2 level, '心神不宁' is a word you use with total mastery of its connotations and historical weight. You can use it in highly sophisticated creative writing or academic critiques. You might explore the irony of a character who appears calm on the outside but is '心神不宁' within. You understand that this state is the opposite of the Daoist or Buddhist ideal of 'internal stillness' (内心宁静). In your speech, you might use it to describe the existential dread or the fragmented attention span of the digital age. You can weave it into complex metaphorical structures, perhaps comparing a restless mind to a 'perturbed lake.' At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a window into the Chinese understanding of the human condition and the delicate balance of the mind.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

心神不宁 30秒で

A Chinese idiom meaning 'restless' or 'agitated' in mind.
Used to describe internal anxiety that prevents concentration.
Often appears in contexts of stress, waiting, or worry.
Grammatically functions as an adjective or an adverb.

The Chinese idiom 心神不宁 (xīn shén bù níng) is a profound expression used to describe a state of mental agitation, restlessness, or a lack of inner peace. It literally translates to 'heart and spirit are not at peace.' In Chinese culture, the 'heart' (心) and 'spirit' (神) are considered the core of one's consciousness and emotional stability. When someone is 心神不宁, they aren't just 'busy'; they are internally unsettled, often unable to focus on the task at hand because their mind is wandering toward worries, anxieties, or unresolved feelings. This is not a physical restlessness like having too much energy, but rather a psychological state where the 'inner self' cannot find a quiet anchor.

Emotional Root: The term is most frequently applied when external circumstances—such as a looming exam, a family conflict, or waiting for medical results—disturb one's internal tranquility. It suggests a vulnerability to one's environment or internal thoughts.
Daily Application: You might use this to explain why you made a mistake at work or why you couldn't finish a book. For example, 'I was so worried about my sick cat that I was 心神不宁 all day.'

考试前，他总是感到心神不宁，无法集中注意力复习。(Before the exam, he always feels restless and cannot concentrate on reviewing.)

Understanding the nuance of this word requires looking at the components. '心' (xīn) represents the heart-mind, the seat of emotions. '神' (shén) refers to the spirit or the vitality of one's mental state. Together, '心神' encompasses the totality of one's psychological presence. '不宁' (bù níng) means 'not peaceful' or 'not tranquil.' Therefore, the word describes a deep-seated disruption. It is often used in literature to show a character's internal struggle before a big decision or after a shocking event. It is more formal than simply saying 'I am worried' (我担心), and it carries a more descriptive, almost poetic weight regarding the person's aura and behavior.

听到那个不好的消息后，她整晚都心神不宁。(After hearing that bad news, she was agitated all night long.)

Usage Context: It is commonly used as a predicate (stating someone 'is' restless) or as an adverbial phrase (doing something 'restlessly'). It fits well in both written stories and serious spoken conversations.

Grammatically, 心神不宁 functions as an adjective or a stative verb. Unlike some English adjectives, it doesn't always need a 'to be' verb in Chinese; you can simply place it after the subject. However, in modern Mandarin, it is frequently preceded by '感到' (gǎndào - to feel) or '显得' (xiǎnde - to appear) to clarify the state of being.

Subject + 心神不宁: This is the simplest form. Example: '他最近心神不宁' (He has been restless lately). This indicates a general state without needing to specify a single action.
心神不宁 + 地 + Verb: When you want to describe how someone is performing an action while in this state. Example: '他心神不宁地翻着书' (He flipped through the book restlessly). This shows that the internal agitation is affecting their behavior.

窗外的雷声让他感到心神不宁。(The sound of thunder outside made him feel agitated.)

One important aspect of using this word is its intensity. It is stronger than '有点担心' (a bit worried) but less extreme than '发疯' (going crazy). It describes that specific 'edge' where you cannot settle down. If you are waiting for an important phone call and you keep checking your phone every thirty seconds, you are 心神不宁. If you are trying to study but keep thinking about a fight you had with a friend, you are 心神不宁.

由于担心家人的安全，他整天心神不宁。(Due to worrying about his family's safety, he was restless all day.)

Contrast with Physical Movement: Do not confuse this with '手忙脚乱' (shǒu máng jiǎo luàn), which means being physically busy and disorganized. '心神不宁' is purely about the internal mental state.

While 心神不宁 is an idiom, it is exceptionally common in daily life, especially in contexts involving stress, romance, or suspense. You will hear it in contemporary TV dramas (C-Dramas) when a character is hiding a secret or pining for a lover. In literature, it is a staple for describing the psychological landscape of a protagonist during a crisis. In news reports, it might be used to describe the public's mood during a period of uncertainty or social upheaval.

在这场经济危机中，许多投资者都感到心神不宁。(During this economic crisis, many investors feel restless and agitated.)

In a work environment, a manager might notice an employee is '心神不宁' if they are making uncharacteristic errors or seem distracted. It’s a polite and slightly formal way to ask someone if they are okay without being too intrusive. Instead of asking 'What's wrong?', one might say, '你看起来有些心神不宁，出什么事了吗？' (You look a bit restless, has something happened?). This shows a level of emotional intelligence and observation.

他这几天总是心神不宁的，好像有什么心事。(He has been restless these past few days, as if he has something on his mind.)

Furthermore, in the context of health and wellness, a doctor or a counselor might use this term to describe symptoms of anxiety. In modern Chinese social media, people use it to describe the feeling of 'FOMO' (Fear Of Missing Out) or the general 'vibe' of being overwhelmed by too much information. It remains one of the most versatile idioms because the human experience of internal unrest is universal across time and culture.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with 心神不宁 is using it to describe physical hyperactivity. For instance, if a child is running around the room and cannot sit still, you would use '多动' (duō dòng) or '调皮' (tiáo pí), not '心神不宁'. This idiom is strictly for an internal, psychological state. Even if the person is sitting perfectly still, they can be '心神不宁' if their mind is racing with worry.

Mistake: Physical vs. Mental: Incorrect: '这个小孩心神不宁，一直在跑。' (This child is restless, keeps running.) Correct usage would be '坐立不安' if the movement is caused by anxiety, but '心神不宁' is the feeling behind it.
Mistake: Over-modifying: Learners often try to put '很' (very) directly before the idiom like '很心神不宁'. While understandable, it's more natural to say '感到心神不宁' or '十分心神不宁'. Idioms often resist simple modifiers.

不要因为一点小事就心神不宁。(Don't get agitated over such a small matter.)

Another mistake is confusing it with '担心' (dānxīn - to worry). While related, '担心' is a verb that usually takes an object (e.g., 'I worry about him'). '心神不宁' is a descriptive state. You cannot say '我心神不宁他' (I restless him). You must say '因为他，我感到心神不宁' (Because of him, I feel restless). It describes the result of the worry on your overall state of mind.

由于工作压力大，他最近总是心神不宁。(Due to high work pressure, he has been constantly restless lately.)

Chinese has a rich vocabulary for describing emotions. Understanding the alternatives to 心神不宁 will help you choose the exact 'flavor' of restlessness you want to convey. Below are some common synonyms and how they differ from our target word.

忐忑不安 (tǎn tè bù ān): This literally means 'the heart is going up and down.' It is specifically used for the nervousness you feel when you are afraid you might have done something wrong or are waiting for a judgment. It's more 'fear-based' than '心神不宁'.
坐立不安 (zuò lì bù ān): This means 'cannot sit or stand peacefully.' It emphasizes the physical manifestation of restlessness. If you are pacing around the room, you are '坐立不安'.
心乱如麻 (xīn luàn rú má): Literally 'heart is as messy as tangled hemp.' This is used when you are confused and don't know what to do because of a complicated situation. It emphasizes confusion more than just agitation.

相比于“心乱如麻”，心神不宁更侧重于情绪上的不安定感。(Compared to 'confused as tangled hemp', 'restless' focuses more on the emotional sense of instability.)

When choosing between these, ask yourself: Is the person physically moving (坐立不安)? Are they specifically afraid of a consequence (忐忑不安)? Are they just overwhelmed and confused (心乱如麻)? If the answer is just a general, nagging sense of being unable to settle one's mind, then 心神不宁 is your best choice. It is the most 'all-purpose' term for psychological agitation.

他心里有事，所以一直心神不宁。(He has something on his mind, so he has been restless all along.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

In ancient times, people believed that if your 'shen' (spirit) left your body, you would die. '心神不宁' was seen as a warning that your spirit was trying to wander away due to stress.

発音ガイド

UK xīn shén bù níng

US xīn shén bù níng

The emphasis is usually slightly more on '心' (xīn) and '宁' (níng) to bookend the idiom.

韻が合う語

平 (píng) 明 (míng) 惊 (jīng) 静 (jìng) 听 (tīng) 情 (qíng) 成 (chéng) 轻 (qīng)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ning' as 'ming'.
Confusing the 2nd tone of 'shen' with the 3rd tone.
Merging 'bu' and 'ning' into one syllable.
Failing to aspirate the 'x' correctly.
Misreading '宁' (níng) as 'dīng'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Recognizing the four characters is easy, but understanding the nuance takes time.

ライティング 4/5

Writing '宁' and '神' correctly requires practice.

スピーキング 2/5

Easy to drop into a sentence once you know the pattern.

リスニング 2/5

Distinct rhythm makes it easy to hear in speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

心神不宁担心

次に学ぶ

忐忑不安坐立不安焦虑集中

上級

神魂颠倒心乱如麻六神无主

知っておくべき文法

Stative Verbs as Predicates

他不心神不宁。

Adverbial Modifier with 'de'

他心神不宁地坐着。

Causative 'rang'

这件事让他心神不宁。

Time Adverbials

他整晚心神不宁。

Aspect particle 'le'

他最近心神不宁了许多。

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レベル別の例文

我心神不宁。

I am restless.

Simple Subject + Idiom structure.

他因为考试心神不宁。

He is restless because of the exam.

'因为' (because) introduces the reason.

你为什么心神不宁？

Why are you restless?

Question form using '为什么'.

她整天都心神不宁。

She has been restless all day.

'整天' (all day) acts as a time adverbial.

不要心神不宁，没事的。

Don't be restless, it's okay.

'不要' (don't) for a negative command.

听到大雨声，我心神不宁。

Hearing the heavy rain, I feel restless.

Participial-like phrase at the start.

他看起来心神不宁。

He looks restless.

'看起来' (looks like) + adjective.

因为等妈妈，我心神不宁。

Because I'm waiting for mom, I'm restless.

Reason + Result structure.

由于作业太多，他心神不宁。

Due to too much homework, he is restless.

'由于' is slightly more formal than '因为'.

她心神不宁地吃着饭。

She is eating restlessly.

Idiom + 地 + Verb (adverbial use).

他觉得心里有点心神不宁。

He feels a bit restless in his heart.

'觉得' (to feel) + '心里' (in the heart).

这个消息让我心神不宁。

This news makes me restless.

'让' (to make/let) causative structure.

你是不是心神不宁？

Are you restless or not?

'是不是' for a yes/no question.

他心神不宁，无法看书。

He is restless and cannot read.

Two short clauses showing state and result.

别再心神不宁了，快去睡觉吧。

Stop being restless, go to sleep.

'别...了' (stop doing...).

她最近总是心神不宁的。

She has always been a bit restless recently.

Use of '的' at the end for emphasis/state.

自从丢了钥匙，他一直心神不宁。

Since losing the keys, he has been restless.

'自从...以来' structure.

医生的话让他感到心神不宁。

The doctor's words made him feel restless.

Causative structure with '感到'.

他心神不宁地在房间里走来走去。

He paced back and forth in the room restlessly.

Adverbial use with '走来走去'.

即使在休假，他仍然心神不宁。

Even on vacation, he is still restless.

'即使...仍然' (even if... still).

她心神不宁，显然是在担心什么。

She is restless, obviously worrying about something.

'显然' (obviously) adds logical deduction.

这种不确定的情况让人心神不宁。

This uncertain situation makes people restless.

'让人' (makes one) general statement.

他试图掩饰自己的心神不宁。

He tried to hide his restlessness.

'试图' (try to) + '掩饰' (hide/mask).

因为那个梦，她一整天都心神不宁。

Because of that dream, she was restless all day.

Prepositional phrase '因为...'.

由于项目面临失败，整个团队都心神不宁。

With the project facing failure, the whole team is restless.

Collective subject + idiom.

他表现出的心神不宁引起了大家的注意。

The restlessness he showed caught everyone's attention.

Noun phrase '表现出的心神不宁' as subject.

虽然他表面很冷静，内心却心神不宁。

Although he is calm on the surface, he is restless inside.

'虽然...却' (although... yet) contrast.

这种环境让他感到莫名的心神不宁。

This environment gives him an inexplicable restlessness.

'莫名的' (indescribable/inexplicable).

他在等待面试结果时，显得格外心神不宁。

He appeared exceptionally restless while waiting for the interview results.

'显得格外' (appears especially).

心神不宁的情绪会影响工作效率。

A restless mood can affect work efficiency.

Idiom as an attributive modifying '情绪'.

她心神不宁地盯着窗外，一句话也不说。

She stared out the window restlessly, not saying a word.

Adverbial use with a following negative result.

每当提起那件事，他都会心神不宁。

Whenever that matter is mentioned, he gets restless.

'每当...都' (whenever... then).

在这个动荡的时代，人们普遍感到心神不宁。

In this turbulent era, people generally feel restless.

Societal context usage.

他的文字中透着一种难以言说的心神不宁。

His writing reveals an unspeakable restlessness.

'透着' (revealing/showing through).

这种心神不宁的状态已经持续了好几周。

This state of restlessness has already lasted for several weeks.

Idiom as a noun phrase modifier.

她试图通过冥想来平复心神不宁的情绪。

She tried to calm her restless emotions through meditation.

'通过...来' (through... to).

这种心神不宁并非偶然，而是长期压力的结果。

This restlessness is not accidental, but the result of long-term stress.

'并非...而是' (not... but rather).

在巨大的利益面前，他开始感到心神不宁。

In the face of huge interests, he began to feel restless.

Context of moral dilemma.

那种心神不宁的感觉如影随形，挥之不去。

That restless feeling followed him like a shadow, impossible to shake off.

Using other idioms ('如影随形', '挥之不去') to enhance description.

他心神不宁地翻阅着古籍，希望能找到答案。

He restlessly leafed through ancient books, hoping to find an answer.

Adverbial use in a literary context.

这种宿命般的强烈预感让他终日心神不宁。

This fatalistic, strong premonition kept him restless all day.

Complex subject with '宿命般的' (fatalistic).

作者巧妙地描写了主角那种细微而深沉的心神不宁。

The author skillfully depicted the protagonist's subtle yet deep restlessness.

Literary criticism context.

在宁静的表象下，隐藏着一种波涛汹涌的心神不宁。

Beneath the calm exterior hides a surging restlessness.

Metaphorical use with '波涛汹涌'.

他内心的那种心神不宁，源于对未知的恐惧。

The restlessness in his heart stems from the fear of the unknown.

'源于' (stems from/originates from).

这种心神不宁反映了现代人精神世界的匮乏。

This restlessness reflects the poverty of the spiritual world of modern people.

Sociological/Philosophical analysis.

尽管身处闹市，他那心神不宁的灵魂却无处安放。

Despite being in a busy city, his restless soul had nowhere to rest.

'无处安放' (nowhere to be placed/settled).

这种心神不宁的情绪在整部交响乐中若隐若现。

This restless emotion is faintly visible throughout the entire symphony.

Artistic analysis with '若隐若现'.

他试图在酒精中寻求慰藉，却反而更加心神不宁。

He tried to seek solace in alcohol, but instead became even more restless.

'反而' (on the contrary).

よく使う組み合わせ

感到心神不宁

显得心神不宁

让人心神不宁

整天心神不宁

内心心神不宁

莫名地心神不宁

开始心神不宁

由于...心神不宁

心神不宁的状态

表现出心神不宁

よく使うフレーズ

心神不宁的样子

— A restless appearance.

看他那心神不宁的样子，肯定出事了。

表现得心神不宁

— To act in a restless way.

他在开会时表现得心神不宁。

陷入心神不宁

— To fall into a state of restlessness.

他陷入了长时间的心神不宁中。

消除心神不宁

— To get rid of restlessness.

听音乐可以消除心神不宁。

一种心神不宁的感觉

— A feeling of restlessness.

他心里总有一种心神不宁的感觉。

由于焦虑而心神不宁

— Restless due to anxiety.

他由于焦虑而整夜心神不宁。

心神不宁地等待

— To wait restlessly.

他心神不宁地等待着结果。

心神不宁地走动

— To walk around restlessly.

他在屋里心神不宁地走动。

显得有些心神不宁

— To appear somewhat restless.

你今天显得有些心神不宁。

别再心神不宁了

— Stop being restless.

事情已经解决了，别再心神不宁了。

よく混同される語

心神不宁 vs 坐立不安

Focuses on the physical inability to sit still.

心神不宁 vs 忐忑不安

Focuses on being nervous/fearful about a specific outcome.

心神不宁 vs 心不在焉

Focuses on being distracted or not paying attention.

慣用句と表現

"心神不定"

— Very similar to 心神不宁, meaning unstable mind.

他最近心神不定，容易出错。

Neutral

"心神恍惚"

— To be in a trance or absent-minded due to shock or worry.

他听完消息后心神恍惚。

Literary

"神不守舍"

— The spirit doesn't stay in the house (the body); extremely distracted.

他整天神不守舍的。

Literary

"心不在焉"

— The heart is not here; simply distracted.

他上课心不在焉。

Neutral

"忐忑不安"

— Restless and apprehensive.

心里忐忑不安。

Neutral

"坐立不安"

— Cannot sit or stand; physically restless.

等得坐立不安。

Neutral

"心乱如麻"

— Heart as confused as tangled hemp.

此刻她心乱如麻。

Literary

"惊魂未定"

— Spirit still unsettled after a shock.

地震后，大家惊魂未定。

Neutral

"心急如焚"

— Heart burning with anxiety.

找不着孩子，他心急如焚。

Formal

"六神无主"

— The six gods are without a master; completely at a loss.

突发意外让他六神无主。

Literary

間違えやすい

心神不宁 vs 焦躁

Both involve unrest.

焦躁 implies irritability and impatience, while 心神不宁 is more about internal agitation and worry.

等车太久让他很焦躁。

心神不宁 vs 担心

Both relate to worry.

担心 is a verb (I worry about X), while 心神不宁 is a state (I am restless).

我很担心他的健康。

心神不宁 vs 紧张

Both occur before big events.

紧张 is specifically 'nervous' or 'tense', often for a short duration.

上台演讲前我很紧张。

心神不宁 vs 分心

Both involve lack of focus.

分心 means your attention is simply split; 心神不宁 means your mind is troubled.

外面的噪音让我分心。

心神不宁 vs 发愁

Both involve negative feelings.

发愁 is 'to fret' or 'to brood' over a problem.

他正为钱的事发愁。

文型パターン

Subject + (因为...) + 心神不宁

我因为考试心神不宁。

Subject + 感到/觉得 + 心神不宁

他感到有些心神不宁。

Something + 让/叫 + Person + 心神不宁

那个消息让他心神不宁。

Subject + 心神不宁 + 地 + Verb

他心神不宁地走来走去。

显得 + 格外/非常 + 心神不宁

她显得格外心神不宁。

Noun Phrase (心神不宁的...) + Verb

心神不宁的情绪蔓延开来。

Subject + 陷入 + 心神不宁之中

他陷入了深深的心神不宁之中。

Idiom within complex literary structure

那挥之不去的心神不宁，终究成了他的心病。

語族

名詞

心神 (mind/spirit)

安宁 (peace/tranquility)

不宁 (unrest)

動詞

宁静 (to be quiet)

安抚 (to soothe)

形容詞

安宁 (peaceful)

宁静 (quiet)

使い方

frequency

High in both written and spoken Mandarin.

よくある間違い

Using it for physical exercise. → Using it for mental worry.
It's not about being active; it's about being troubled.
Saying '我心神不宁他' (I restless him). → Saying '他让我心神不宁' (He makes me restless).
It cannot take an object directly.
Using '很' directly like a simple adjective. → Using '感到' or '十分'.
Idioms usually require more formal modifiers.
Confusing '宁' with '叮'. → Ensuring the bottom part is '丁'.
These are visually similar characters.
Using it to mean 'excited'. → Using '兴奋' for excitement.
This idiom is for negative or anxious unrest only.

ヒント

Context Matters

Use this when someone is distracted by a specific worry, not just because they are tired.

Adverbial Use

Remember to add '地' (de) when using it before a verb.

Pairing

It pairs well with verbs like '坐' (sit), '走' (walk), and '等' (wait).

Holistic View

Recognize that 'xin' (heart) and 'shen' (spirit) are treated as one unit in this idiom.

Tone Accuracy

The 1-2-4-2 tone pattern is rhythmic; practice saying it as one flow.

Character Practice

Practice the radical of '宁' (宀) and '神' (礻) to avoid common mistakes.

Keyword

If you hear 'xīn shén', expect a description of someone's mood.

Softening

Add '有点' (a bit) before it to sound less dramatic in casual talk.

Physical vs Mental

Always check if the restlessness is in the mind or just the body.

Learning Chengyu

This is one of the easiest 'chengyu' to start using because its meaning is literal.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine your heart (心) and a small ghost (spirit/神) are trying to sleep, but a loud 'NO' (不) sign is keeping them awake (peace/宁).

視覚的連想

A person sitting at a desk with a storm cloud inside their chest while everything outside is calm.

Word Web

Mind Anxiety Restless Heart Spirit Peace Distracted Unsettled

チャレンジ

Try to use '心神不宁' in a sentence about a time you waited for a late bus or a late friend.

語源

The term comes from classical Chinese literature where '心' (heart) and '神' (spirit) were often paired to represent the human consciousness. '不宁' appears in the 'Book of Songs' (Shijing) to describe states of unrest.

元の意味： A spirit that cannot find its resting place.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese)

文化的な背景

It is a safe, common idiom with no offensive connotations.

Similar to 'having ants in one's pants' but more mental than physical, or 'to be on edge.'

Used in 'Dream of the Red Chamber' to describe characters' internal conflicts. Commonly found in the lyrics of Mandopop ballads about heartbreak. A frequent term in Wuxia novels when a master senses danger.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Exam Preparation

考试压力
无法集中
复习计划
成绩焦虑

Waiting for News

焦急等待
电话通知
结果出来
坐卧不宁

Romantic Conflict

感情问题
吵架之后
心事重重
胡思乱想

Work Stress

项目进度
加班疲劳
出错频率
调整心态

Health Concerns

身体不适
检查报告
心理医生
放松心情

会話のきっかけ

"你最近看起来有些心神不宁，是因为工作太累了吗？"

"如果感到心神不宁，你会选择听音乐还是去散步？"

"你觉得什么样的事情最容易让人心神不宁？"

"当他心神不宁的时候，通常会做出什么样的反应？"

"为了不让自己心神不宁，你有什么好的建议吗？"

日記のテーマ

描述一次你感到心神不宁的经历，并说明原因。

你认为现代社会中，为什么人们更容易感到心神不宁？

写一段话，描写一个心神不宁的人在等待面试时的表现。

如果你的好朋友心神不宁，你会如何安慰他/她？

探讨‘心神不宁’与‘工作效率’之间的关系。

よくある質問

10 問

It is an idiom (chengyu), so it has a certain level of elegance, but it is very common in daily speech. It is considered neutral-to-formal.

Yes, if the child is worried about something (like a lost toy), but for general 'hyper' behavior, use '调皮' instead.

You can say '我不觉得心神不宁' or '我心神很安定'.

No, it almost always refers to a negative or stressful state of unrest.

They are almost identical. '不宁' emphasizes a lack of peace, while '不定' emphasizes a lack of stability.

Usually it's an adjective or adverb, but you can say '他的心神不宁' (his restlessness) in specific grammatical contexts.

Yes, to describe market instability or an employee's performance under pressure.

Only if you are using it to describe how an action is performed (e.g., 心神不宁地看书).

Typically exams, health news, or waiting for important decisions.

No, it only describes a person's internal state.

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