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What Is an AI Anyway? | Mustafa Suleyman | TED
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I want to tell you what I see coming.
I've been lucky enough to be working on AI for almost 15 years now.
Back when I started, to describe it as fringe would be an understatement.
Researchers would say, “No, no, we’re only working on machine learning.”
Because working on AI was seen as way too out there.
In 2010, just the very mention of the phrase “AGI,”
artificial general intelligence,
would get you some seriously strange looks
and even a cold shoulder.
"You're actually building AGI?" people would say.
"Isn't that something out of science fiction?"
People thought it was 50 years away or 100 years away,
if it was even possible at all.
Talk of AI was, I guess, kind of embarrassing.
People generally thought we were weird.
And I guess in some ways we kind of were.
It wasn't long, though, before AI started beating humans
at a whole range of tasks
that people previously thought were way out of reach.
Understanding images,
translating languages,
transcribing speech,
playing Go and chess
and even diagnosing diseases.
People started waking up to the fact
that AI was going to have an enormous impact,
and they were rightly asking technologists like me
some pretty tough questions.
Is it true that AI is going to solve the climate crisis?
Will it make personalized education available to everyone?
Does it mean we'll all get universal basic income
and we won't have to work anymore?
Should I be afraid?
What does it mean for weapons and war?
And of course, will China win?
Are we in a race?
Are we headed for a mass misinformation apocalypse?
All good questions.
But it was actually a simpler
and much more kind of fundamental question that left me puzzled.
One that actually gets to the very heart of my work every day.
One morning over breakfast,
my six-year-old nephew Caspian was playing with Pi,
the AI I created at my last company, Inflection.
With a mouthful of scrambled eggs,
he looked at me plain in the face and said,
"But Mustafa, what is an AI anyway?"
He's such a sincere and curious and optimistic little guy.
He'd been talking to Pi about how cool it would be if one day in the future,
he could visit dinosaurs at the zoo.
And how he could make infinite amounts of chocolate at home.
And why Pi couldn’t yet play I Spy.
"Well," I said, "it's a clever piece of software
that's read most of the text on the open internet,
and it can talk to you about anything you want."
"Right.
So like a person then?"
I was stumped.
Genuinely left scratching my head.
All my boring stock answers came rushing through my mind.
"No, but AI is just another general-purpose technology,
like printing or steam."
It will be a tool that will augment us
and make us smarter and more productive.
And when it gets better over time,
it'll be like an all-knowing oracle
that will help us solve grand scientific challenges."
You know, all of these responses started to feel, I guess,
a little bit defensive.
And actually better suited to a policy seminar
than breakfast with a no-nonsense six-year-old.
"Why am I hesitating?" I thought to myself.
You know, let's be honest.
My nephew was asking me a simple question
that those of us in AI just don't confront often enough.
What is it that we are actually creating?
What does it mean to make something totally new,
fundamentally different to any invention that we have known before?
It is clear that we are at an inflection point
in the history of humanity.
On our current trajectory,
we're headed towards the emergence of something
that we are all struggling to describe,
and yet we cannot control what we don't understand.
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