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B1 noun #2,200 가장 일반적인 5분 분량

غياب

ghiyab
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설명 غياب in your Level:
At the A1 level, you only need to know that 'غياب' (Ghiyāb) means 'not being here.' It is the word your teacher uses when a student is not in class. You might see it on a list next to a name. It is the opposite of 'حضور' (presence/attendance). Think of it as the 'no-show' word. You don't need to worry about complex grammar yet; just recognize it in the context of school or a simple meeting.
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At the A2 level, you start using 'غياب' in simple sentences. You can say 'أنا غائب' (I am absent) or 'عندي غياب واحد' (I have one absence). You understand that it comes from the verb 'غاب' (to be away). You might use it to explain why a friend isn't at a party or why you missed a lesson. You are beginning to see it used with simple possessives like 'غيابي' (my absence) or 'غيابك' (your absence).
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'غياب' in administrative and formal contexts. You can discuss 'غياب مبرر' (justified absence) and 'غياب غير مبرر' (unjustified absence). You also start using it for abstract concepts, like 'غياب المعلومات' (lack of information). You understand the Idafa construction (غياب + noun) and can use it in professional emails or school reports. You are aware that it's a common noun for 'lack' or 'non-existence' in various settings.
At the B2 level, you use 'غياب' to describe complex social or political issues. You might talk about the 'غياب الديمقراطية' (absence of democracy) or 'غياب التوازن' (lack of balance). You can use it in more sophisticated phrases like 'في غياب أي بديل' (in the absence of any alternative). You recognize its use in literature to express deep emotional longing and can distinguish it from more specific synonyms like 'تخلف' or 'انقطاع' based on the context.
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At the C1 level, you master the nuances of 'غياب' in legal, academic, and philosophical texts. You understand its relationship to the concept of 'الغيب' (the Unseen) in Islamic philosophy. You can use it to describe subtle states, such as 'غياب الذهن' (absent-mindedness). You are comfortable with complex sentence structures where 'غياب' acts as a pivot for logical arguments, such as 'إن غياب الرؤية الواضحة أدى إلى فشل المشروع' (The absence of a clear vision led to the project's failure).
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At the C2 level, you appreciate the rhetorical and poetic power of 'غياب'. You can analyze its use in classical poetry where it represents the existential void. You use it with total precision in high-level diplomatic or legal drafting, where the distinction between 'absence' and 'omission' is critical. You are aware of its etymological roots and how they influence modern usage in various dialects versus Modern Standard Arabic, using it naturally in any register.
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غياب 30초 만에

  • Ghiyāb means absence or lack, primarily used for school/work attendance and abstract missing qualities.
  • It is a noun (Masdar) derived from the root G-Y-B, related to the unseen or hidden.
  • Commonly used in the Idafa structure (e.g., ghiyāb al-tullāb) or with 'fi' (in the absence of).
  • Essential for B1 learners to navigate formal environments and express the lack of abstract concepts.

The Arabic word غياب (Ghiyāb) is a multifaceted noun derived from the root غ-ي-ب (G-Y-B), which fundamentally relates to being hidden, unseen, or away from the presence of others. At its most basic level, it refers to the physical state of being absent from a specific location where one is expected to be, such as a classroom, an office, or a social gathering. However, its semantic range extends far beyond simple physical non-attendance. In administrative and legal contexts, it signifies a formal record of non-presence, often requiring justification or documentation. In philosophical or abstract discussions, it denotes the lack or non-existence of a quality or entity, such as the 'absence of justice' or the 'absence of light'. Understanding this word requires recognizing the distinction between 'temporary absence' and 'permanent disappearance,' as the root also gives birth to the word الغيب (the Unseen/the Unknown), which refers to the metaphysical realm beyond human perception.

Administrative Usage
Refers to the formal tracking of attendance in schools or workplaces.
Abstract Usage
Describes the lack of intangible qualities like hope, logic, or peace.
Physical Usage
The simple act of not being in a room or a specific geographical location.

كان غياب الطالب عن الامتحان مبرراً بشهادة طبية.

The student's absence from the exam was justified by a medical certificate.

يؤدي غياب الرقابة إلى انتشار الفساد في المؤسسات.

The absence of oversight leads to the spread of corruption in institutions.

شعر الجميع بمرارة غياب القائد في وقت الأزمة.

Everyone felt the bitterness of the leader's absence during the time of crisis.

لا يمكننا تجاهل غياب الأدلة الكافية في هذه القضية.

We cannot ignore the lack of sufficient evidence in this case.

طال غياب المسافر عن وطنه لسنوات طويلة.

The traveler's absence from his homeland lasted for many years.
Synonym: فقدان
Focuses more on the 'loss' of something rather than just its absence.
Synonym: انقطاع
Refers to a 'discontinuation' or a break in a sequence of attendance.

Using غياب correctly involves understanding its role as a verbal noun (Masdar). It is most frequently used in the Idafa (possessive) construction, where it is followed by the person or thing that is absent. For example, 'غياب المعلم' (the teacher's absence). It can also be modified by adjectives to specify the nature of the absence, such as 'غياب مفاجئ' (sudden absence) or 'غياب مبرر' (justified absence). When used with prepositions, 'في غياب' (in the absence of) is a standard phrase used to describe what happens when someone is not present. Grammatically, it functions as a regular noun, taking different case endings (Dhamma, Fatha, Kasra) depending on its position in the sentence. It is important to distinguish it from the verb 'غاب' (he was absent); while the verb describes the action, 'غياب' describes the state or the record of that action. In modern standard Arabic, you will see it in news headlines regarding the 'absence of political will' or 'absence of consensus,' showing its versatility in high-level discourse.

  • As a Subject: 'الغيابُ ممنوع' (Absence is forbidden).
  • As an Object: 'سجلتُ غيابَ الطلاب' (I recorded the students' absence).
  • After a Preposition: 'تحدثنا في غيابِ المدير' (We spoke in the director's absence).

You will encounter غياب in several distinct environments. In educational settings, it is the standard term for student attendance tracking. Teachers will ask, 'من هم في حالة غياب اليوم؟' (Who is in a state of absence today?). In professional environments, HR departments use it to track leave and unauthorized time off. You might hear, 'لديك نسبة غياب عالية' (You have a high absence rate). In legal and political news, it is used to describe the lack of specific conditions, such as 'غياب الشفافية' (lack of transparency) or 'غياب الأمن' (absence of security). Furthermore, in literature and music, 'غياب' is a central theme in songs about separation and longing (Ash-Shawq), where the singer laments the 'ghiyāb' of the beloved. It is also common in medical reports to describe the 'absence of symptoms' (غياب الأعراض). This broad usage makes it one of the most essential B1-level nouns to master for both daily life and formal communication.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing غياب with عدم (non-existence/lack). While they can sometimes be interchangeable, 'عدم' is usually followed by an adjective or a gerund to negate a quality (e.g., عدم القدرة - inability), whereas 'غياب' specifically implies that something which *should* or *could* be there is missing. Another mistake is using 'غياب' when 'فقدان' (loss) is more appropriate. 'فقدان' implies losing something you once had, like 'فقدان الذاكرة' (memory loss), while 'غياب' is more about the state of not being present. Additionally, learners sometimes forget to use the Idafa construction correctly, saying 'الغياب المعلم' instead of 'غياب المعلم' or 'الغياب الخاص بالمعلم'. Finally, ensure you don't confuse it with 'غيبوبة' (coma), which shares the same root but has a very specific medical meaning. Always check if you are describing a person's attendance or a conceptual lack before choosing this word.

Several words share semantic space with غياب. تخلف (Takhaluf) is often used for 'failing to show up' or 'falling behind,' specifically for appointments or military service. انقطاع (Inqita') suggests a 'break' or 'interruption,' often used for electricity, water, or communication. فقد (Faqd) is the general term for 'loss' or 'missingness.' هجر (Hajr) implies a more permanent 'abandonment' or 'desertion.' نقص (Naqs) refers to a 'shortage' or 'deficiency' in quantity. While 'غياب' is neutral, some of these synonyms carry more negative or specific connotations. For instance, 'تخلف عن الحضور' sounds more like a failure of duty than simple 'غياب'. Understanding these nuances allows a B1 learner to move toward B2/C1 precision in their vocabulary choice, selecting the word that perfectly fits the gravity and context of the situation.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Idafa (Possessive)

Masdar (Verbal Nouns)

Adjective Agreement

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수준별 예문

1

الغياب ممنوع اليوم.

Absence is forbidden today.

Simple nominal sentence.

2

أين غياب الطلاب؟

Where is the students' absence (record)?

Interrogative sentence.

3

هذا غياب طويل.

This is a long absence.

Noun + Adjective.

4

عندي غياب واحد.

I have one absence.

Possession with 'Indi'.

5

الغياب ليس جيداً.

Absence is not good.

Negation with 'Laysa'.

6

لماذا هذا الغياب؟

Why this absence?

Question word 'Limadha'.

7

غياب محمد اليوم.

Mohammed's absence today.

Idafa construction.

8

أنا أكره الغياب.

I hate absence.

Verb + Object.

1

هل غيابك مبرر؟

Is your absence justified?

Question with attached pronoun.

2

سجل المعلم الغياب في الدفتر.

The teacher recorded the absence in the notebook.

Past tense verb + Object.

3

الغياب المتكرر مشكلة كبيرة.

Frequent absence is a big problem.

Definite noun + Adjective.

4

لا يوجد غياب في فصلي.

There is no absence in my class.

Negation 'La yujad'.

5

اعتذرت عن غيابي أمس.

I apologized for my absence yesterday.

Verb + Preposition 'An'.

6

غياب الشمس يعني الليل.

The absence of the sun means night.

Idafa with abstract concept.

7

نسبة الغياب منخفضة.

The absence rate is low.

Compound subject.

8

مر أسبوع على غيابه.

A week has passed since his absence.

Time expression.

1

يؤثر غيابك على عمل الفريق.

Your absence affects the team's work.

Present tense verb + Subject.

2

في غياب المدير، أنا المسؤول.

In the director's absence, I am responsible.

Prepositional phrase 'Fi ghiyab'.

3

نلاحظ غياب الاهتمام بالتفاصيل.

We notice a lack of attention to detail.

Abstract usage.

4

يجب تقليل حالات الغياب.

Absence cases must be reduced.

Passive-like construction with 'Yajib'.

5

غياب الأدلة أدى لبراءته.

The absence of evidence led to his innocence.

Cause and effect sentence.

6

هل هذا غياب كلي أم جزئي؟

Is this a total or partial absence?

Adjectives modifying 'Ghiyab'.

7

تحدثنا كثيراً عن غياب الثقافة.

We talked a lot about the lack of culture.

Prepositional phrase.

8

يعاني الطفل من غياب والده.

The child suffers from his father's absence.

Verb 'Yu'ani' + Preposition 'Min'.

1

يؤدي غياب الرقابة إلى الفساد.

The absence of oversight leads to corruption.

Complex causal sentence.

2

استغل الخصم غياب التركيز لدينا.

The opponent exploited our lack of focus.

Abstract noun as object.

3

هناك غياب تام للتنسيق بيننا.

There is a complete lack of coordination between us.

Emphasis with 'Tamm'.

4

أثار غيابه المفاجئ الكثير من التساؤلات.

His sudden absence raised many questions.

Verb 'Athara' + Subject.

5

في غياب قانون واضح، تكثر المشاكل.

In the absence of a clear law, problems increase.

Conditional context.

6

نعاني من غياب الكوادر المؤهلة.

We suffer from a lack of qualified personnel.

Professional context.

7

غياب الوعي الصحي خطر على المجتمع.

The lack of health awareness is a danger to society.

Social commentary.

8

يملأ الحزن قلبي في غيابك.

Sadness fills my heart in your absence.

Literary style.

1

يتجلى غياب الإرادة السياسية في هذا القرار.

The absence of political will is evident in this decision.

Formal verb 'Yatajalla'.

2

لا يمكن تبرير هذا الغياب الذهني.

This absent-mindedness cannot be justified.

Specific term 'Ghiyab Dhihni'.

3

إن غياب المعايير الموضوعية يفسد التقييم.

The absence of objective standards ruins the evaluation.

Emphasis with 'Inna'.

4

نحن بصدد دراسة ظاهرة الغياب المدرسي.

We are in the process of studying the phenomenon of school truancy.

Academic phrase 'Bi-sadad'.

5

غياب التوازن البيئي يهدد الكوكب.

The lack of ecological balance threatens the planet.

Scientific context.

6

يُعزى الفشل إلى غياب التخطيط الاستراتيجي.

The failure is attributed to the absence of strategic planning.

Passive verb 'Yu'za'.

7

في غياب نص صريح، نلجأ للاجتهاد.

In the absence of an explicit text, we resort to interpretation.

Legal/Religious context.

8

أدى غياب الشفافية إلى فقدان الثقة.

The lack of transparency led to a loss of trust.

Abstract cause-effect.

1

يغوص الكاتب في سبر أغوار الغياب الوجودي.

The writer dives into exploring the depths of existential absence.

Highly literary/Philosophical.

2

ثمة غياب مطبق للمنطق في هذه الحجة.

There is an absolute absence of logic in this argument.

Use of 'Thamma' and 'Mutbaq'.

3

استحكم غياب الأمل في نفوس المحاصرين.

The absence of hope took hold in the souls of the besieged.

Classical verb 'Istahkama'.

4

إن غياب المساءلة يشرعن التجاوزات.

The absence of accountability legitimizes transgressions.

Political science terminology.

5

يعد غياب القرينة دليلاً في حد ذاته.

The absence of evidence is considered evidence in itself.

Legal maxim style.

6

تتفاقم الأزمة بفعل غياب الرؤية الاستشرافية.

The crisis worsens due to the absence of a forward-looking vision.

Advanced vocabulary 'Istishrafiya'.

7

لا غرو أن غياب العدل يؤذن بخراب العمران.

No wonder the absence of justice signals the ruin of civilization.

Classical idiom 'La gharwa'.

8

في غياب الذات، يذوب الفرد في الجماعة.

In the absence of the self, the individual dissolves into the group.

Psychological/Sociological.

동의어

فقدان انقطاع عدم وجود تخلف رحيل

반의어

حضور وجود

자주 쓰는 조합

غياب مبرر
غياب كلي
غياب مفاجئ
سجل الغياب
نسبة الغياب
غياب الوعي
غياب العدالة
في غياب
حالة غياب
غياب طويل

자주 쓰는 구문

بسبب الغياب
غياب غير مبرر
ورقة الغياب
غياب تام
غياب مستمر
غياب الأدلة
غياب الضمير
غياب الرؤية
غياب السلطة
غياب التنسيق

자주 혼동되는 단어

غياب vs عدم

Adverbial lack vs. noun of absence.

غياب vs فقدان

Losing something vs. not being present.

غياب vs تخلف

Failure to attend vs. general absence.

관용어 및 표현

"الغايب عذره معه"
"غياب الذهن"
"في غياب تام عن الواقع"
"طال الغياب"
"غياب الروح"
"حاضر بالاسم غائب بالفعل"
"غياب الشمس"
"غياب القمر"
"غياب طويل الأمد"
"سيد الغياب"

혼동하기 쉬운

غياب vs

غياب vs

غياب vs

غياب vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

philosophical

Refers to the void.

administrative

Always requires a 'Mubarrir' (justification).

자주 하는 실수
  • Saying 'Al-Ghiyāb al-mudīr' instead of 'Ghiyāb al-mudīr'.
  • Confusing 'Ghiyāb' with 'Ghayba' (backbiting).
  • Using 'Ghiyāb' for 'loss' of a physical object.
  • Forgetting the 'Gh' sound and pronouncing it as 'G'.
  • Using it without a context (it usually needs an Idafa).

팁

Idafa Rule

Always put the person being absent after the word 'Ghiyāb'. For example: 'Ghiyāb al-mudīr'.

Synonym Choice

Use 'Ghiyāb' for people and 'Adam' for abstract qualities like 'Adam al-qudra'.

Politeness

In Arab culture, always provide a 'Mubarrir' (excuse) for your 'Ghiyāb'.

HR Terms

Learn 'Nisbat al-ghiyāb' (absence rate) for professional settings.

Formal Letters

Start with 'A'tadhiru 'an ghiyābī' (I apologize for my absence).

Emphasis

Add 'Tamm' (complete) after 'Ghiyāb' to show a total lack of something.

Context Clues

If you hear 'Ghiyāb' in court, it likely refers to missing evidence.

Proverbs

Remember 'Al-ghayib 'udhruhu ma'ahu' to sound more native.

Test Prep

Expect 'Ghiyāb' in reading comprehensions about school or society.

Literature

Look for 'Ghiyāb' in songs to understand emotional depth.

암기하기

어원

Arabic root G-Y-B

문화적 맥락

The root is used for 'Al-Ghayb', the divine secrets only God knows.

It is polite to inform someone of your 'Ghiyāb' in advance.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"لماذا كثر الغياب في هذا الفصل؟"

"كيف نتعامل مع غياب الموظفين؟"

"هل تعتقد أن غياب العدل هو سبب الحروب؟"

"ماذا تفعل في غياب الإنترنت؟"

"كيف تشعر عند غياب صديقك المفضل؟"

일기 주제

Write about a time your absence caused a problem.

Describe the feeling of 'Ghiyāb' in a poem.

Discuss the impact of the absence of technology on modern life.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

The plural is 'Ghiyābāt', used for multiple instances of absence.

It's better to use 'naqs' or 'qilla', but 'ghiyāb al-mawārid' (absence of resources) works in formal contexts.

Yes, 'Gha'ib' is the person (adjective/noun), while 'Ghiyāb' is the state (noun).

You say 'Ghiyāb mubarrar'.

Yes, it is used universally in almost all Arabic dialects.

It means being 'absent-minded' or distracted.

Poetically, it can refer to the 'absence' of life, but it's not a standard word for death.

It refers to 'trials in absentia' (muhākama fī al-ghiyāb).

The opposite is 'Hudūr' (presence/attendance).

The root relates to 'Al-Ghayb', the unseen world in Islam.

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/ 180 correct

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