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A1 noun 12분 분량

Batterie

예시
설명 Batterie in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'Batterie' is one of the essential nouns you learn for daily survival and basic communication. It is a 'concrete' noun, meaning it refers to a physical object you can see and touch. Learners at this stage should focus on the gender (die Batterie), the plural (die Batterien), and the most common adjective used with it: 'leer' (empty/dead). You will primarily use this word when talking about household items like remote controls, toys, or clocks. Phrases like 'Ich brauche eine Batterie' (I need a battery) or 'Die Batterie ist leer' (The battery is empty) are the building blocks. Understanding that 'die' is the article is crucial for correct sentence structure. You should also learn the basic sizes like AA and AAA, which are used in Germany just like in English-speaking countries. At this level, don't worry too much about the technical difference between 'Batterie' and 'Akku'; most Germans will understand you even if you use 'Batterie' for a rechargeable device. The focus is on being understood in a store or at home. You might also encounter the word in the context of recycling, as Germans are very particular about where 'alte Batterien' are placed. Visualizing the green recycling boxes in supermarkets can help anchor this word in your memory. Remember, the pronunciation has the stress at the very end, which is different from the English 'BATT-ery'. Practice saying 'Ba-te-RIE' to ensure you are understood by native speakers. This word is a great example of a 'cognate'—a word that looks similar in both languages—making it an easy win for your early German vocabulary.
At the A2 level, you begin to expand your use of 'Batterie' into more complex social and practical situations. You should start using the correct verbs like 'wechseln' (to change/replace) and 'kaufen' (to buy) in different tenses. For example, 'Ich habe die Batterien gestern gewechselt' (I changed the batteries yesterday). You will also start to encounter compound nouns, which are a hallmark of the German language. Words like 'Autobatterie' (car battery) or 'Batteriefach' (battery compartment) become relevant as you describe problems or follow simple instructions. At A2, you are expected to handle basic shopping interactions, so knowing how to ask for specific types of batteries is important: 'Haben Sie Batterien für diese Taschenlampe?' (Do you have batteries for this flashlight?). You should also be aware of the environmental context in Germany, using phrases like 'Batterien entsorgen' (to dispose of batteries). The distinction between 'Batterie' (disposable) and 'Akku' (rechargeable) starts to become more important at this level to avoid confusion in more specific conversations. You might also use 'Batterie' in the context of describing how a device works: 'Das Gerät funktioniert mit Batterien' (The device works with batteries). Grammar-wise, you should be comfortable using 'Batterie' in the accusative case ('Ich brauche eine neue Batterie') and the dative case ('Das steht auf der Batterie'). This level is about moving from simple labels to functional sentences that allow you to solve small problems in a German-speaking environment.
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At the B1 level, your understanding of 'Batterie' moves beyond the physical object into broader contexts and more precise terminology. You should consistently distinguish between 'Batterie' and 'Akku' in your speech. For instance, when talking about your mobile phone or laptop, you should use 'Akku' to demonstrate your grasp of standard German usage. You will also encounter the word in more technical or environmental discussions, which are common in B1 reading and listening tasks. You might read an article about the 'Umweltbelastung durch Batterien' (environmental impact of batteries) or the 'Vorteile von Akkus' (advantages of rechargeable batteries). At this level, you should be able to describe the process of recycling batteries in detail, using words like 'Sammelstelle' (collection point) or 'Schadstoffe' (harmful substances). You will also start to use 'Batterie' in metaphorical ways, such as 'meine Batterien aufladen' (to recharge my batteries/rest). This idiomatic use is very common in conversations about work-life balance or vacations. Furthermore, you might encounter the word in a professional context, such as a 'Batterie von Tests' (a battery of tests) in a job application process. Your grammatical control should be solid, including the use of genitive forms like 'die Lebensdauer der Batterie' (the lifespan of the battery). You should also be able to understand and use passive constructions: 'Die Batterien müssen regelmäßig gewechselt werden' (The batteries must be changed regularly). This level marks the transition from everyday utility to being able to discuss the word's implications in society and technology.
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At the B2 level, 'Batterie' appears in complex technical, economic, and environmental discussions. You are expected to understand and use specialized compound nouns like 'Lithium-Ionen-Batterie', 'Batteriekapazität', and 'Batteriemanagementsystem'. In the context of Germany's 'Energiewende' (energy transition), you will hear about 'Batteriespeicher' (battery storage) as a key technology for stabilizing the power grid. You should be able to follow a debate or read a detailed report on the sustainability of battery production, including the ethical sourcing of raw materials like cobalt and lithium. The word 'Batterie' also appears in military and historical contexts at this level; you should know that it can refer to an artillery unit ('Artilleriebatterie'). In musical contexts, you might encounter it as a term for the percussion section in an orchestra. Your use of the word should be nuanced, reflecting an understanding of its various registers. For example, in a formal report, you might write about 'die Effizienz von elektrochemischen Batterien', whereas in a casual conversation, you'd stick to 'die Batterien im Radio'. You should also be familiar with more advanced idiomatic expressions and be able to use them naturally. Your grammatical precision should be near-perfect, handling complex sentence structures where 'Batterie' is part of a subordinate clause or a participial phrase. At B2, the word is no longer just a household item; it's a component of larger systems—technological, environmental, and linguistic.
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At the C1 level, your command of 'Batterie' includes its most abstract and specialized applications. You can navigate high-level academic or technical texts where 'Batterie' is discussed in terms of electrochemistry, thermodynamics, or electrical engineering. You understand the nuances between different types of 'galvanische Elemente' and can discuss the 'Entladekurve' (discharge curve) or 'Energiedichte' (energy density) of various battery technologies. In a professional or academic setting, you might use 'Batterie' to describe a methodological approach, such as a 'Testbatterie' in psychological research, and you can discuss the validity and reliability of such a battery. Your metaphorical use of the word is sophisticated; you can weave it into complex descriptions of human energy, organizational dynamics, or historical processes. You are also aware of the word's etymology and how its military roots ('batterie' as a set of striking tools) inform its current meanings in music and science. You can appreciate and use the word in literary contexts, where it might be used as a metaphor for stored potential or a source of power. At this level, you also recognize regional variations or older terms like 'Mignonzelle' or 'Monozelle' and understand their place in the linguistic landscape. Your speech and writing are characterized by a high degree of precision, choosing 'Batterie', 'Akku', or 'Zelle' with perfect accuracy based on the context. You are also capable of discussing the socio-political implications of 'Batterietechnologie' on a global scale, from supply chain ethics to geopolitical shifts caused by the demand for battery minerals.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'Batterie' and all its linguistic facets. You can understand and produce complex texts where the word is used in highly specialized or archaic ways. For instance, you might analyze a historical text from the 18th century describing early 'Voltasche Batterien' or a military treatise discussing the strategic placement of 'Küstenbatterien' (coastal batteries). Your understanding of the word in a musical context is exhaustive, covering the history of 'Batterie' in French-influenced orchestral scores. In contemporary discourse, you can critically evaluate complex scientific papers on 'Festkörperbatterien' (solid-state batteries) or 'Redox-Flow-Batterien'. You use the word with stylistic flair, employing it in metaphors that are both precise and evocative. Your grammatical usage is flawless, even in the most complex and stylistically demanding structures. You are also aware of the subtle connotations 'Batterie' carries in different professional fields—how a chemist's 'Batterie' differs from a general's or a conductor's. At this level, the word is a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal, which you can deploy with total precision and cultural awareness. You can engage in deep philosophical or ethical discussions about the 'Batterie-Gesellschaft' (battery society) and the implications of our dependence on portable energy. Your knowledge extends to the finest details, such as the specific legal definitions of 'Batterie' in European Union directives and German environmental law. You are, in essence, a native-level user who can play with the word's meanings and history to achieve specific rhetorical effects.
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예시

The German word Batterie is a feminine noun that primarily refers to an electrochemical device used to store and provide electrical energy. While it shares a direct cognate with the English word 'battery', its usage in German carries specific nuances that are essential for a learner to master, especially when distinguishing between disposable and rechargeable power sources. In everyday German life, you will encounter this word in contexts ranging from household electronics and automotive maintenance to environmental discussions regarding recycling and sustainability. Historically, the term is derived from the French word 'batterie', which originally referred to a 'set of things hitting together', such as a group of cannons in a military unit. This military heritage is still present in German today, as Batterie can also refer to a specific unit of artillery or a collection of similar objects working in unison, such as a 'Batterie von Tests' (a battery of tests) in a psychological or medical context.

Daily Household Use
In a typical German home, you will use this word when talking about the remote control (Fernbedienung), wall clocks (Wanduhren), or flashlights (Taschenlampen). If your device stops working, you might say, 'Die Batterie ist leer' (The battery is empty/dead). It is important to note that for devices like smartphones or laptops, Germans almost exclusively use the word 'Akku' (short for Akkumulator), though 'Batterie' is sometimes used as a generic term in casual speech.
Automotive Context
The 'Autobatterie' is a critical component for starting a car. During the cold German winters, it is very common to hear people complaining that their car won't start because of the battery. You might hear the phrase 'Starthilfe geben', which refers to jump-starting a car using another car's battery.
Scientific and Technical Usage
In physics and chemistry, a Batterie is defined as a combination of several galvanic cells. In the context of the 'Energiewende' (energy transition) in Germany, large-scale batteries (Großbatteriespeicher) are frequently discussed as a means to store renewable energy from wind and solar sources.

Entschuldigung, wo finde ich die Batterien für diese Fernbedienung? Ich glaube, die alten sind komplett leer.

Example: Asking for batteries in a store.

Mein Auto springt nicht an; ich vermute, die Batterie hat den Geist aufgegeben.

Example: Idiomatic expression for a dead car battery.

Wir müssen die Batterien fachgerecht entsorgen, um die Umwelt zu schützen.

Example: Emphasizing proper disposal.

Diese Taschenlampe benötigt drei Batterien vom Typ AA.

Example: Specifying technical requirements.

Nach dem langen Arbeitstag ist meine eigene Batterie völlig am Ende.

Example: Metaphorical use for human energy.
Music and Instruments
In classical music or orchestral settings, a 'Batterie' refers to the percussion section. While 'Schlagzeug' is the common word for a drum kit in rock or jazz, 'Batterie' is used in more formal or academic musical discussions to describe the array of striking instruments.

Using the word Batterie correctly in German requires an understanding of its grammatical gender and how it interacts with various verbs. As a feminine noun, it follows the standard declension patterns for 'die' words. Whether you are buying them, replacing them, or describing their state, the following structures are fundamental. One of the most common mistakes for English speakers is using the wrong verb to describe a 'dead' battery. In German, we don't usually say the battery is 'tot' (dead); instead, we say it is 'leer' (empty) or 'schwach' (weak).

The Verb 'Wechseln' (To Change/Replace)
When a device stops working, you need to replace the batteries. The verb 'wechseln' is used here. Example: 'Ich muss die Batterien in der Wanduhr wechseln.' This implies taking out the old ones and putting in new ones. If you are specifically talking about a rechargeable battery, you would use 'laden' or 'aufladen' (to charge).
The Verb 'Halten' (To Last)
To describe how long a battery provides power, use 'halten'. Example: 'Diese Batterien halten sehr lange.' (These batteries last a long time). If you want to express that a battery is losing its charge quickly, you might say: 'Die Batterie hält nicht mehr lange durch.'
Describing the Charge Level
You can use adjectives like 'voll' (full), 'leer' (empty), 'fast leer' (almost empty), or 'geladen' (charged). Example: 'Ist die Batterie noch voll oder schon leer?' This is a binary distinction often made in household situations.

Hast du noch eine Ersatz-Batterie in der Schublade? Meine Maus funktioniert nicht mehr.

Example: Asking for a spare battery.

Die Batterien sind ausgelaufen und haben das Fach beschädigt.

Example: Describing a leaked battery, a common technical issue.

Bitte nimm die Batterie heraus, wenn du das Gerät längere Zeit nicht benutzt.

Example: Giving instructions for device maintenance.

Die Kapazität der Batterie wird in Milliamperestunden (mAh) angegeben.

Example: Technical specification sentence.

Man kann diese Batterien nicht wiederaufladen; sie sind Einwegbatterien.

Example: Distinguishing between disposable and rechargeable.
Prepositions with Batterie
Use 'mit' to describe something powered by batteries: 'Ein Spielzeug mit Batterien'. Use 'in' to describe the location: 'Die Batterien sind in der Fernbedienung'. Use 'aus' when talking about what a device is made of or where power comes from: 'Der Strom kommt aus der Batterie'.

The word Batterie is ubiquitous in German-speaking countries, reflecting a society that is both technologically advanced and environmentally conscious. You will hear it in various settings, from high-stakes technical environments to mundane shopping trips. Understanding the context helps you grasp whether the speaker is talking about a small AA cell or a massive industrial energy storage system. In Germany, the conversation often revolves around two main poles: the functionality of gadgets and the ecological responsibility of disposal.

In the Supermarket or Electronics Store
Stores like Saturn, MediaMarkt, or even your local Aldi and Lidl will have a section for 'Batterien'. You might hear an employee say, 'Die Batterien stehen im Gang fünf bei den Elektrogeräten.' Customers often ask for specific sizes: 'Haben Sie auch Knopfzellen-Batterien für Uhren?' (Do you have button cell batteries for watches?).
At the Car Repair Shop (Werkstatt)
If you take your car in for a check-up, the mechanic might say, 'Wir müssen die Spannung der Batterie prüfen.' (We need to check the battery voltage). In winter, roadside assistance services like the ADAC are frequently called for 'Batterieprobleme'.
In News and Political Debates
Germany is a leader in the electric vehicle (EV) industry. Consequently, news reports often discuss 'Batterietechnologie' (battery technology), 'Batteriezellenfertigung' (battery cell production), and the environmental impact of 'Lithium-Ionen-Batterien'. You will hear politicians talk about 'Batteriespeicher' as a solution for the energy grid.

Können Sie bitte die Batterie in meinem Schlüssel austauschen?

Example: Asking a service person to change a battery.

Die neue Fabrik wird tausende Batterien für Elektroautos produzieren.

Example: Industrial context in the news.

Achtung: Die Batterie des Defibrillators muss regelmäßig gewartet werden.

Example: Safety-related usage.

Gibt es hier eine Sammelstelle für alte Batterien?

Example: Inquiring about recycling points.

Die Batterie meiner Armbanduhr ist stehen geblieben.

Example: Common everyday problem.
In the Military (Artillerie)
In historical documentaries or military news, a 'Batterie' refers to a group of artillery pieces. You might hear 'Die feindliche Batterie wurde ausgeschaltet' (The enemy battery was neutralized). This is a specialized context but remains a standard definition of the word.

Learning to use Batterie involves avoiding several pitfalls that are common among English speakers. Because the word looks identical to its English counterpart, learners often assume the grammar and usage are identical as well. However, German precision in terminology and its rigorous grammatical system require careful attention. The most frequent errors involve gender, the distinction between rechargeable and non-rechargeable types, and the verbs used to describe a lack of power.

Mistake 1: The Gender Confusion
Many learners default to 'der' or 'das' because many technical objects in German are masculine or neuter. However, 'Batterie' is strictly feminine: die Batterie. Saying 'mein Batterie' or 'das Batterie' is a tell-tale sign of a beginner. Always pair it with feminine articles and adjectives: 'eine neue Batterie', 'meine leere Batterie'.
Mistake 2: Batterie vs. Akku
In English, we call everything a 'battery', whether it's a disposable AA or a rechargeable iPhone battery. In German, there is a sharp distinction. A 'Batterie' is traditionally a primary cell (disposable). A rechargeable battery is an 'Akku' (short for Akkumulator). If you tell a German you need to 'die Batterie laden' for your phone, they will understand, but it sounds slightly 'off'. You should say 'den Akku laden'.
Mistake 3: 'Die Batterie ist tot'
While 'dead battery' is the standard English phrase, 'tote Batterie' is rarely used in German unless describing a battery that is physically destroyed or completely chemically inert beyond recovery. The standard way to say a battery has no power is 'Die Batterie ist leer' (The battery is empty). If it's starting to fail, say 'Die Batterie ist schwach'.

Falsch: Ich muss das Batterie wechseln. Richtig: Ich muss die Batterie wechseln.

Example: Correcting gender error.

Falsch: Mein Handy hat eine leere Batterie. Richtig: Mein Handy hat einen leeren Akku.

Example: Correcting terminology for rechargeable devices.

Falsch: Die Batterie ist tot. Richtig: Die Batterie ist leer.

Example: Correcting idiomatic usage.

Falsch: Wo sind die Batterie? Richtig: Wo sind die Batterien?

Example: Ensuring plural agreement.

Falsch: Ich brauche eine A-Batterie. Richtig: Ich brauche eine AA-Batterie (Mignon).

Example: Using correct size naming (though AA is international, Germans also use names like Mignon).
The 'Auslaufen' Trap
When a battery leaks acid, Germans use the verb 'auslaufen' (to run out/leak). Do not use 'lecken' (which is more for a pipe or a tongue). Example: 'Die Batterie ist ausgelaufen.' This is a specific technical term you must memorize.

While Batterie is the most common and versatile term for an electrical storage device, the German language offers several alternatives and related terms depending on the specific technology, size, or context. Understanding these synonyms and near-synonyms will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to navigate technical manuals or shopping aisles with greater ease. The choice of word often reflects the speaker's level of technical knowledge or the specific application of the power source.

Akku (Akkumulator)
As mentioned, this is the most important distinction. An 'Akku' is rechargeable. Comparison: Use 'Batterie' for your TV remote (disposable) and 'Akku' for your smartphone or cordless drill (rechargeable). If you use 'Batterie' for everything, you will be understood, but 'Akku' is more precise.
Energiezelle / Galvanische Zelle
These are more technical or scientific terms. 'Energiezelle' (energy cell) is often used in futuristic or highly technical contexts, such as 'Brennstoffzelle' (fuel cell). 'Galvanische Zelle' is the term used in chemistry classrooms to describe the fundamental unit of a battery.
Knopfzelle
This refers specifically to 'button cell' batteries used in watches, hearing aids, or small toys. It is a very common term in retail. If you ask for a 'Batterie für meine Uhr', the salesperson will likely clarify: 'Sie meinen eine Knopfzelle?'
Stromquelle
This is a broader term meaning 'power source'. A battery is a type of 'Stromquelle', but so is a wall socket or a solar panel. You might use this in a more abstract or engineering-focused conversation.

Der Akku meines Laptops hält nur noch zwei Stunden.

Example: Using 'Akku' for a laptop.

Ich brauche eine neue Knopfzelle für meine Küchenwaage.

Example: Specifying a button cell.

Die Sonne ist unsere wichtigste natürliche Stromquelle.

Example: Using 'Stromquelle' in an environmental context.

In der Fernbedienung sind zwei Mignonzellen (AA).

Example: Using specific German size names like 'Mignonzelle'.

Die Sekundärbatterie ist ein anderer Fachbegriff für den Akku.

Example: High-level technical terminology.
Monozelle vs. Mignonzelle
These are older, traditional German names for battery sizes. 'Mignon' is AA, 'Micro' is AAA, and 'Mono' is the large D-sized battery. While 'AA' and 'AAA' are now standard, you will still see these traditional names on packaging in Germany.
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수준별 예문

1

Die Batterie ist leer.

The battery is empty/dead.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure. 'Batterie' is feminine.

2

Ich brauche zwei Batterien.

I need two batteries.

Plural form 'Batterien' with the number 'zwei'.

3

Wo sind die Batterien?

Where are the batteries?

Question structure with the plural 'die Batterien'.

4

Ist das eine Batterie?

Is that a battery?

Question with the indefinite article 'eine'.

5

Die Taschenlampe hat keine Batterie.

The flashlight has no battery.

Negative article 'keine' used with feminine 'Batterie'.

6

Kaufst du bitte Batterien?

Will you please buy batteries?

Imperative-like question using the verb 'kaufen'.

7

Die Batterie ist klein.

The battery is small.

Adjective 'klein' describing the noun.

8

Meine Batterie ist im Radio.

My battery is in the radio.

Possessive pronoun 'meine' and preposition 'im' (in dem).

1

Ich muss die Batterie in meiner Uhr wechseln.

I have to change the battery in my watch.

Modal verb 'muss' with the infinitive 'wechseln' at the end.

2

Diese Batterien halten nicht sehr lange.

These batteries don't last very long.

Demonstrative pronoun 'diese' and verb 'halten'.

3

Wo kann ich alte Batterien entsorgen?

Where can I dispose of old batteries?

Verb 'entsorgen' used in a question about disposal.

4

Die Autobatterie ist bei Kälte oft schwach.

The car battery is often weak in the cold.

Compound noun 'Autobatterie' and adjective 'schwach'.

5

Haben Sie Batterien vom Typ AA?

Do you have type AA batteries?

Formal address 'Sie' and prepositional phrase 'vom Typ'.

6

Ich habe die Batterie gestern neu gekauft.

I bought the battery new yesterday.

Perfekt tense with 'habe... gekauft'.

7

Nimm die Batterie aus dem Spielzeug heraus.

Take the battery out of the toy.

Imperative 'Nimm... heraus' (separable verb).

8

Die Fernbedienung braucht neue Batterien.

The remote control needs new batteries.

Verb 'braucht' with an adjective 'neue' in the plural.

1

Akkus sind umweltfreundlicher als normale Batterien.

Rechargeable batteries are more environmentally friendly than normal batteries.

Comparative 'umweltfreundlicher als' and plural nouns.

2

Ich muss meinen Akku aufladen, die Batterie ist fast leer.

I need to charge my battery; the battery is almost empty.

Using 'Akku' for a phone and 'aufladen' for charging.

3

In diesem Supermarkt gibt es eine Sammelstelle für Batterien.

In this supermarket, there is a collection point for batteries.

Phrase 'es gibt' followed by the accusative.

4

Nach dem Urlaub sind meine persönlichen Batterien wieder voll.

After the vacation, my personal batteries are full again.

Metaphorical use of 'Batterien' for human energy.

5

Die Haltbarkeit der Batterie hängt von der Nutzung ab.

The durability of the battery depends on the usage.

Genitive 'der Batterie' and separable verb 'abhängen von'.

6

Man darf Batterien niemals in den Hausmüll werfen.

One must never throw batteries into the household waste.

Modal verb 'darf' and negation 'niemals'.

7

Das Batteriefach lässt sich nur schwer öffnen.

The battery compartment is difficult to open.

Compound noun 'Batteriefach' and reflexive 'lässt sich'.

8

Diese Taschenlampe wird mit einer speziellen Batterie betrieben.

This flashlight is operated with a special battery.

Passive voice 'wird... betrieben'.

1

Die Kapazität dieser Lithium-Ionen-Batte

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