이 페이지를 내 언어로

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

Português

中文

हिन्दी

홈
학습
독일어
단어장
Geburtstag

A1 noun #1,600 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

Geburtstag

상위 1,600

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 Geburtstag 30초 만에

설명 Geburtstag in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'Geburtstag' is one of the first essential nouns you learn. It is used to share personal information and engage in basic social interactions. You learn to ask 'Wann hast du Geburtstag?' and answer with 'Ich habe am...'. You also learn the most important greeting: 'Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!'. At this stage, the focus is on the connection between the word and dates (months and ordinal numbers). You learn that it is a masculine noun ('der') and that it often appears with the preposition 'am'. The concept of the 'Geburtstagskind' (the person having the birthday) is also introduced as a fun cultural note. You practice simple sentences like 'Ich feiere meinen Geburtstag' or 'Das ist ein Geschenk für dich'. The goal is to be able to recognize the word in a calendar and respond appropriately when someone tells you it is their special day. You also learn to identify 'Kuchen' (cake) and 'Geschenke' (gifts) as related vocabulary. This level focuses on the immediate, practical use of the word in daily life and basic friendships.

At the A2 level, you expand your use of 'Geburtstag' to include planning and invitations. You learn to write simple invitation cards ('Einladungen') and use more complex sentence structures. For example, you might say, 'Ich möchte dich zu meinem Geburtstag einladen'. You also start using past tense to talk about previous celebrations: 'Letztes Jahr hatte ich einen tollen Geburtstag'. You learn about the cultural tradition of 'Reinfeiern' (celebrating into the birthday starting the night before). The vocabulary expands to include 'Geburtstagsparty', 'Gäste' (guests), and 'Getränke' (drinks). You also learn how to congratulate someone 'nachträglich' (belatedly) if you missed the actual day. Grammatically, you focus on the dative case used with 'zum' (zu dem) and the adjective endings in phrases like 'ein schöner Geburtstag'. You might also discuss what you 'wünschen' (wish for) as a gift. This level moves beyond just stating the date to actively participating in the social rituals surrounding the word.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B1 level, you use 'Geburtstag' to discuss traditions, memories, and personal values. You can describe how birthdays are celebrated in your home country compared to Germany. You might talk about 'runde Geburtstage' (milestone birthdays like 30, 40, 50) and why they are important. You learn more idiomatic expressions and can handle more complex social situations, such as declining a birthday invitation politely or explaining why you can't come. You also learn about the 'office culture' of birthdays in Germany, where the birthday person brings the cake. Grammatically, you use 'Geburtstag' in subordinate clauses: 'Ich freue mich, dass du an meinen Geburtstag gedacht hast'. You also start to see the word in more formal contexts, such as 'Geburtsdatum' on official forms or 'Geburtsort' (place of birth). You can discuss the pros and cons of large parties versus small gatherings and express your feelings about getting older ('älter werden').

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the B2 level, 'Geburtstag' becomes a topic for deeper discussion about society and life stages. You might read articles about the 'Demografischer Wandel' (demographic change) and how birthdays of the elderly are celebrated in society. You can use the word in more abstract ways, such as discussing the 'Geburtstag' of a political movement or a historical era. You understand the nuances of formal vs. informal greetings and can write sophisticated birthday letters to business partners or superiors. You learn about regional traditions, such as the 'Rathausfegen' (sweeping the city hall steps) for single 30-year-olds in Northern Germany. Your vocabulary includes terms like 'Wiegenfest' (poetic for birthday) or 'Ehrentag'. You can participate in debates about whether birthdays are over-commercialized. Grammatically, you master all cases and complex prepositional phrases involving the word, such as 'Anlässlich meines Geburtstags...' (On the occasion of my birthday...).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, you explore the philosophical and literary aspects of 'Geburtstag'. You might analyze poems or stories where a birthday serves as a turning point for a character. You understand the legal implications of certain birthdays (18th for adulthood, 65th/67th for retirement). You can use the word in highly formal speeches or academic discussions about sociology and the 'Lebenslauf' (life course). You are familiar with rare synonyms and can use the word with great stylistic variety. You understand the subtle difference between 'Geburtstag' and 'Jahrestag' in all contexts. You can discuss the history of birthday celebrations from a historical perspective, noting how they evolved from religious 'Namenstage' to secular celebrations. Your command of the language allows you to use 'Geburtstag' as a metaphor for renewal or beginnings in complex rhetorical structures. You can also handle 'Amtssprache' (official language) where 'Geburtstag' might be replaced by more technical terms.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C2 level, you have a native-like mastery of 'Geburtstag' and all its cultural, historical, and linguistic connotations. You can appreciate and use the word in high-level literature, irony, and wordplay. You understand the etymological roots of the word and its cognates in other Germanic languages. You can discuss the psychological impact of birthdays on the human psyche or the sociological function of 'Rites de Passage' associated with specific ages. You are able to navigate the most delicate social nuances, such as knowing exactly when a formal 'Gratulation' is required versus a casual 'Glückwunsch'. You can write elegant, personalized birthday tributes that incorporate cultural references and sophisticated vocabulary. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item but a tool for nuanced expression of time, identity, and social bonding. You can also analyze the use of 'Geburtstag' in legal codes or historical documents with ease.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

Geburtstag 30초 만에

Geburtstag is a masculine German noun meaning 'birthday', formed from 'Geburt' (birth) and 'Tag' (day).
It is used with the preposition 'am' for dates and 'zum' for wishes or gifts.
Cultural traditions include 'Reinfeiern' (celebrating at midnight) and bringing cake to work.
Common phrases include 'Alles Gute zum Geburtstag' and 'Wann hast du Geburtstag?'.

The German word Geburtstag is a masculine noun that literally translates to 'birth day'. It represents the anniversary of the day a person was born. In German culture, this is more than just a date; it is a significant social milestone celebrated with specific rituals, linguistic formulas, and social expectations. The word itself is a compound noun, formed by merging Geburt (birth) and Tag (day), connected by a linking 's' (Fugen-s).

Grammatical Gender: Der Geburtstag (masculine). This determines the articles and adjectives used: 'ein schöner Geburtstag', 'den Geburtstag feiern'.

Ich habe heute Geburtstag und lade alle meine Freunde ein.

Understanding 'Geburtstag' requires looking at its components. 'Geburt' comes from the verb 'gebären' (to give birth), which shares roots with the English 'bear'. 'Tag' is the standard word for day. In German, the concept of a birthday is deeply tied to the 'Lebensjahr' (year of life). When a German child turns five, they are entering their sixth year of life. This nuance is important for more advanced literary or legal contexts. The term is used universally across all German-speaking regions, though local traditions for celebration vary significantly from the Rhineland to Bavaria or Switzerland.

Compound Logic: The 's' in Geburt-s-tag is a phonetic connector common in German compounds. It makes the word easier to pronounce and is a hallmark of Germanic linguistics.

Mein Geburtstag fällt dieses Jahr auf einen Sonntag.

The word also appears in many professional contexts. For instance, a 'Gründungstag' is the 'birthday' of a company, but 'Geburtstag' is strictly reserved for biological entities. In official documents, you will often see 'Geburtsdatum' (date of birth) instead of Geburtstag, as the latter implies the recurring annual celebration rather than the specific historical date of birth. This distinction is crucial for A1 learners to grasp early on to avoid confusion when filling out forms at the Bürgeramt or opening a bank account.

Plural Form: Die Geburtstage. Used when referring to multiple people's birthdays or multiple years of celebration.

Wir feiern alle Geburtstage im Team einmal im Monat.

Wo ist das Geburtstagskind? Wir wollen gratulieren!

Zum Geburtstag viel Glück!

Using Geburtstag correctly involves mastering specific prepositions and verbs. The most common preposition is 'an' (combined with the article to form 'am'). You say 'am Geburtstag' to describe what happens on that day. If you are giving something for a birthday, you use 'zu' (zum Geburtstag). For example, 'Ich schenke dir etwas zum Geburtstag'. This 'zu' indicates the occasion or purpose of the gift or wish.

Common Verbs: feiern (to celebrate), haben (to have), gratulieren (to congratulate), vergessen (to forget), nachfeiern (to celebrate later).

Wir feiern meinen 30. Geburtstag im Garten.

When asking someone about their birthday, the standard question is 'Wann hast du Geburtstag?' (When do you have [your] birthday?). Note that German often omits the possessive pronoun 'deinen' in this specific idiomatic question. If you want to be more formal, you ask 'Wann haben Sie Geburtstag?'. To answer, you use ordinal numbers: 'Ich habe am vierten Mai Geburtstag'. The ordinal number must take the '-n' ending because of the preposition 'am' (an dem), which triggers the dative case.

The 'Reinfeiern' Tradition: This is a uniquely German concept where a party starts the night before the birthday, and everyone toasts exactly at midnight when the birthday begins.

Ich bringe morgen einen Kuchen für meinen Geburtstag mit in die Firma.

In written invitations, the word is often part of compound constructions. 'Geburtstagseinladung' (birthday invitation), 'Geburtstagsfeier' (birthday party), and 'Geburtstagsgeschenk' (birthday present) are essential vocabulary. When writing a card, the most standard phrase is 'Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!'. If you are late, you say 'Nachträglich alles Gute zum Geburtstag!' (Belated happy birthday). The word 'nachträglich' is the key adverb here, meaning 'subsequently' or 'after the fact'.

Age Phrases: 'Er wird heute 20' (He is turning 20 today). The verb 'werden' (to become/turn) is used to describe the transition to a new age.

Zu seinem achtzigsten Geburtstag kamen alle Verwandten.

Ein fünfzigster Geburtstag ist ein wichtiger Meilenstein.

Hast du deinen Geburtstag schon geplant?

You will encounter Geburtstag in almost every social sphere in Germany. In the morning, radio hosts often announce the birthdays of famous celebrities or local listeners. In schools, the 'Geburtstagskind' might get a small crown or a special song. In the workplace, Outlook calendars and Slack channels are frequently filled with 'Geburtstags-Erinnerungen' (birthday reminders). It is a word that bridges the gap between the intimate family circle and the public social world.

The Birthday Song: While 'Happy Birthday' is commonly sung in English, the German version 'Zum Geburtstag viel Glück' is equally prevalent and uses the word prominently.

Alle sangen: 'Zum Geburtstag viel Glück!'

In retail, you will see 'Geburtstagsrabatte' (birthday discounts) or 'Geburtstagsangebote' (birthday offers) when a store celebrates its anniversary. This is one of the few cases where 'Geburtstag' is applied to an entity like a shop, though 'Jubiläum' is more technically correct. On social media, the 'Cake' icon on platforms like LinkedIn or Facebook is synonymous with the word 'Geburtstag'. In German cinema and literature, birthdays often serve as a 'Störfaktor' (disruptive factor) or a catalyst for family drama, highlighting the expectations and pressures associated with the day.

Official Contexts: When a police officer asks for your 'Geburtsdatum', they are looking for the specific date. However, in casual conversation, they might ask 'Wann haben Sie Geburtstag?'.

Der Laden feiert seinen zehnten Geburtstag mit Prozenten.

You'll also hear it in idioms like 'Geburtstag und Weihnachten zusammen' (Birthday and Christmas together), used when someone receives an exceptionally large amount of good news or gifts at once. In the medical field, a 'Geburtstermin' is the expected date of birth for a baby, which is the precursor to all future 'Geburtstage'. The word is deeply embedded in the German sense of time and biography, marking the rhythm of the year alongside other holidays like Ostern (Easter) and Weihnachten (Christmas).

Media Usage: Newspapers often have a section 'Wir gratulieren', listing the birthdays of prominent citizens turning 80, 90, or 100.

Heute ist der Geburtstag von Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

Er hat seinen Geburtstag ganz vergessen.

Was wünschst du dir zum Geburtstag?

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is the use of prepositions. In English, we say 'on my birthday', but in German, you must use 'an' + 'dem' = 'am'. A common mistake is saying 'in meinem Geburtstag' or 'auf meinem Geburtstag'. While 'auf' can be used if you mean 'at the party' (auf der Geburtstagsfeier), the day itself always takes 'am'. Another trap is the gender; learners often assume it is feminine because 'die Geburt' is feminine. However, in German compound nouns, the last element always determines the gender: 'der Tag' is masculine, so 'der Geburtstag' is masculine.

The Early Wish Taboo: This is a cultural 'mistake'. Wishing someone 'Alles Gute' even an hour before midnight is seen as bringing bad luck (Unglück bringen).

Falsch: Ich gratuliere dir vor deinem Geburtstag.

Another mistake involves the verb 'gratulieren'. This verb always requires the dative case. You don't 'gratulieren jemanden' (accusative), you 'gratulieren jemandem' (dative). So it is 'Ich gratuliere dir zum Geburtstag', not 'Ich gratuliere dich'. Similarly, the phrase 'Alles Gute zum Geburtstag' uses the dative 'zum' (zu dem). Beginners often forget the 'm' and just say 'zu'.

Birthday vs. Birth Date: Confusing 'Geburtstag' (the annual celebration) with 'Geburtsdatum' (the specific day, month, and year of birth) can lead to errors on official forms.

Richtig: Wir feiern unseren Hochzeitstag (nicht Geburtstag).

When talking about age, English speakers often say 'Ich bin 20 Jahre alt' (which is correct in German too), but they sometimes try to translate 'I am having a birthday' as 'Ich bin Geburtstag habend'. This is incorrect. The correct idiomatic way is 'Ich habe Geburtstag'. The verb 'haben' is essential here. Also, remember that 'Geburtstag' is capitalized, like all German nouns. Writing it with a lowercase 'g' is a common spelling error in digital communication.

Ordinal Number Endings: When saying 'my 20th birthday', it is 'mein zwanzigster Geburtstag' (nominative) but 'zu meinem zwanzigsten Geburtstag' (dative). The '-en' ending is often missed.

Ich lade dich zu meinem achtzehnten Geburtstag ein.

Herzlichen Glückwunsch zum Geburtstag!

Hast du am Montag Geburtstag?

While Geburtstag is the standard term, several related words describe similar concepts or specific types of anniversaries. Understanding the nuances between them will elevate your German from basic to proficient. The most common 'sibling' word is Jahrestag. While a birthday is a type of Jahrestag, the latter is usually used for events like weddings (Hochzeitstag) or the anniversary of a historical event. You wouldn't call your own birthday a 'Jahrestag' in a casual setting.

Geburtstag vs. Jubiläum: A 'Jubiläum' is a jubilee, usually marking a significant round number of years (25, 50, 100) for an institution, a career, or a marriage. A birthday is for a person's life.

Das ist kein normaler Geburtstag, das ist ein Firmenjubiläum.

Another poetic alternative is Wiegenfest. This word, literally 'cradle festival', is often found in older literature or very formal, slightly humorous birthday cards. It evokes a sense of tradition and nostalgia. Then there is Ehrentag (day of honor). This is a more abstract way to refer to someone's birthday, emphasizing that the person is the center of attention and deserves respect on this day. It is often used in speeches: 'An deinem heutigen Ehrentag...'.

Geburtstag vs. Geburtsdatum: Geburtstag is the 'what' (the event), while Geburtsdatum is the 'when' (the specific historical data point: 12.05.1990).

In Bayern feiern manche Leute ihren Namenstag größer als ihren Geburtstag.

For babies, you might hear Monatstag if parents are celebrating the baby being 3 or 6 months old, though this is less formal. In a legal sense, Volljährigkeit (attaining majority) is the specific 18th birthday that grants full legal rights. While not a synonym for birthday, it is the most significant 'Geburtstag' in the eyes of the law. Lastly, Gedenktag is a day of remembrance, usually for someone who has passed away. While it might fall on their birthday, the tone is solemn rather than celebratory.

Namenstag: Common in Catholic regions. It is the anniversary of the saint you were named after. Often celebrated with small gifts.

Alles Gute zu deinem Wiegenfest!

Wir feiern heute das Jubiläum unserer Schule.

Wann ist dein Namenstag?

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Ordinal numbers for dates

Compound noun gender rules

Dative case with 'gratulieren'

Preposition 'an' + 'dem' = 'am'

Linking 's' in compounds

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

Ich habe heute Geburtstag.

I have [my] birthday today.

Verb 'haben' + noun 'Geburtstag'.

Wann hast du Geburtstag?

When is your birthday?

Question word 'Wann'.

Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!

All the best for your birthday!

Fixed expression with dative 'zum'.

Wir essen einen Geburtstagskuchen.

We are eating a birthday cake.

Compound noun: Geburtstag + s + Kuchen.

Hier ist dein Geburtstagsgeschenk.

Here is your birthday gift.

Compound noun: Geburtstag + s + Geschenk.

Mein Geburtstag ist im August.

My birthday is in August.

Preposition 'im' for months.

Feierst du deinen Geburtstag?

Are you celebrating your birthday?

Accusative object 'deinen Geburtstag'.

Ich bin das Geburtstagskind!

I am the birthday child!

Compound noun: Geburtstag + s + Kind.

Ich lade dich zu meinem Geburtstag ein.

I invite you to my birthday.

Separable verb 'einladen'.

Wir feiern am Samstag meinen Geburtstag nach.

We are celebrating my birthday later on Saturday.

Separable verb 'nachfeiern'.

Hast du viele Gäste zum Geburtstag eingeladen?

Did you invite many guests for your birthday?

Perfect tense 'hast eingeladen'.

Ich habe meinen Geburtstag ganz vergessen.

I completely forgot my birthday.

Perfect tense 'habe vergessen'.

Was wünschst du dir zum Geburtstag?

What do you wish for your birthday?

Reflexive verb 'sich wünschen'.

Er wird morgen achtzehn Jahre alt.

He is turning eighteen years old tomorrow.

Verb 'werden' for turning an age.

Wir wollen in seinen Geburtstag reinfeiern.

We want to celebrate into his birthday (starting before midnight).

Cultural term 'reinfeiern'.

Nachträglich alles Gute zum Geburtstag!

Belated happy birthday!

Adverb 'nachträglich'.

In Deutschland bringt man oft Kuchen zum Geburtstag mit.

In Germany, people often bring cake for their birthday.

Indefinite pronoun 'man'.

Mein dreißigster Geburtstag war ein runder Geburtstag.

My 30th birthday was a milestone birthday.

Adjective 'rund' for milestones.

Ich erinnere mich gerne an meinen zehnten Geburtstag.

I like to remember my tenth birthday.

Verb 'sich erinnern an' + accusative.

Es ist unhöflich, vor dem Geburtstag zu gratulieren.

It is impolite to congratulate before the birthday.

Infinitive with 'zu'.

Zu seinem Geburtstag hat er eine große Party organisiert.

For his birthday, he organized a big party.

Dative preposition 'zu'.

Ich freue mich auf meinen nächsten Geburtstag.

I am looking forward to my next birthday.

Verb 'sich freuen auf' + accusative.

Sie hat ihren Geburtstag im kleinen Kreis gefeiert.

She celebrated her birthday in a small circle (intimately).

Idiom 'im kleinen Kreis'.

Können wir deinen Geburtstag am Wochenende feiern?

Can we celebrate your birthday on the weekend?

Modal verb 'können'.

Anlässlich seines Geburtstags gab es einen Empfang.

On the occasion of his birthday, there was a reception.

Genitive preposition 'anlässlich'.

Er legt keinen großen Wert auf seinen Geburtstag.

He doesn't place much value on his birthday.

Idiom 'Wert legen auf'.

Trotz seines hohen Alters feiert er jeden Geburtstag.

Despite his old age, he celebrates every birthday.

Genitive preposition 'trotz'.

Die Firma feiert dieses Jahr ihren 50. Geburtstag.

The company is celebrating its 50th birthday this year.

Personification of a company.

Ich habe ihm herzlich zu seinem Geburtstag gratuliert.

I warmly congratulated him on his birthday.

Adverb 'herzlich'.

Ein Geburtstag ist immer auch ein Tag der Reflexion.

A birthday is always also a day of reflection.

Genitive 'Tag der Reflexion'.

Sie wurde an ihrem Geburtstag mit einer Reise überrascht.

She was surprised with a trip on her birthday.

Passive voice 'wurde überrascht'.

Zum Geburtstag wünsche ich dir vor allem Gesundheit.

For your birthday, I wish you above all health.

Abstract noun 'Gesundheit'.

Der Geburtstag markiert den Beginn eines neuen Lebensabschnitts.

The birthday marks the beginning of a new phase of life.

Formal noun 'Lebensabschnitt'.

Literarisch wird der Geburtstag oft als Symbol des Verfalls genutzt.

Literarily, the birthday is often used as a symbol of decay.

Adverb 'literarisch'.

Die rechtliche Bedeutung des 18. Geburtstags ist immens.

The legal significance of the 18th birthday is immense.

Adjective 'rechtlich'.

Er beging seinen achtzigsten Geburtstag in aller Stille.

He observed his eightieth birthday in complete silence.

Formal verb 'begehen'.

In seiner Rede würdigte er das Geburtstagskind ausführlich.

In his speech, he honored the birthday child extensively.

Verb 'würdigen'.

Der Geburtstag ist ein Fixpunkt im sozialen Gefüge.

The birthday is a fixed point in the social fabric.

Metaphorical usage.

Manche empfinden den eigenen Geburtstag als belastend.

Some perceive their own birthday as burdensome.

Verb 'empfinden'.

Die Feierlichkeiten zum Geburtstag zogen sich über Tage hin.

The birthday festivities dragged on for days.

Reflexive verb 'sich hinziehen'.

Die Ontologie des Geburtstags verweist auf die Endlichkeit des Seins.

The ontology of the birthday refers to the finiteness of being.

Philosophical terminology.

Ein Geburtstag ist die jährliche Rekalibrierung der eigenen Existenz.

A birthday is the annual recalibration of one's own existence.

Abstract metaphor.

In Goethes Werk fungiert der Geburtstag oft als Schwellenereignis.

In Goethe's work, the birthday often functions as a threshold event.

Literary analysis.

Die Kommerzialisierung des Geburtstags ist ein Phänomen der Moderne.

The commercialization of the birthday is a phenomenon of modernity.

Sociological term.

Er zelebrierte seinen Geburtstag mit einer fast sakralen Ernsthaftigkeit.

He celebrated his birthday with an almost sacral seriousness.

Adjective 'sakral'.

Der Geburtstag ist das Echo des ersten Schreis im Strom der Zeit.

The birthday is the echo of the first cry in the stream of time.

Poetic imagery.

Juristisch gesehen ist der Geburtstag der Tag des Fristablaufs.

From a legal perspective, the birthday is the day of the deadline expiry.

Legal jargon.

Die Feier seines Geburtstags glich eher einem Staatsakt.

The celebration of his birthday resembled more of a state act.

Comparison 'glich'.

자주 쓰는 조합

runder Geburtstag

achtzehnter Geburtstag

Geburtstag feiern

zum Geburtstag gratulieren

Geburtstag haben

alles Gute zum Geburtstag

Geschenk zum Geburtstag

Kuchen zum Geburtstag

Einladung zum Geburtstag

Geburtstag vergessen

자주 쓰는 구문

Alles Gute zum Geburtstag!

Herzlichen Glückwunsch zum Geburtstag!

Wann hast du Geburtstag?

Ich habe heute Geburtstag.

Nachträglich alles Gute!

Viel Glück zum Geburtstag!

Wir feiern in den Geburtstag rein.

Was wünschst du dir zum Geburtstag?

Ein runder Geburtstag steht an.

Das Geburtstagskind hochleben lassen.

자주 혼동되는 단어

Geburtstag vs Jahrestag (Anniversary)

Geburtstag vs Geburtsdatum (Date of birth)

Geburtstag vs Namenstag (Name day)

관용어 및 표현

"Geburtstag und Weihnachten zusammen haben"

"Man ist so alt, wie man sich fühlt."

"Das Geburtstagskind hochleben lassen"

"In den Geburtstag reinfeiern"

"Einen runden Geburtstag feiern"

"Sich zum Geburtstag wünschen"

"Ein Jahr älter, ein Jahr weiser"

"Auf den Geburtstag anstoßen"

"Den Geburtstag im kleinen Kreis feiern"

"Das Wiegenfest begehen"

혼동하기 쉬운

Geburtstag vs

문장 패턴

어휘 가족

명사

Geburt

Geburtsdatum

Geburtsort

Geburtstagskind

Geburtstagsfeier

동사

gebären

feiern

gratulieren

형용사

gebürtig

geburtstagsmäßig

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

Compound

Very productive for creating new words like 'Geburtstagsfrühstück'.

Possessive

Often omitted in 'Wann hast du Geburtstag?' compared to English 'When is your birthday?'.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'in' or 'auf' for the day.
Wishing someone happy birthday early.
Forgetting the dative with 'gratulieren'.
Treating 'Geburtstag' as feminine.
Saying 'Frohen Geburtstag'.

팁

Dative Case

Remember that 'gratulieren' takes the dative case. Say 'Ich gratuliere dir', not 'Ich gratuliere dich'.

Cake Duty

If you work in Germany, remember to bring a cake or some snacks on your birthday. Your colleagues will expect it!

No Early Wishes

Never wish a German 'Alles Gute' before their birthday. It is considered very bad luck.

Milestones

Learn the term 'runder Geburtstag' for milestone years. It's a great conversation starter.

Capitalization

Always capitalize 'Geburtstag' and its compounds like 'Geburtstagsfeier' in writing.

Ordinal Endings

Pay close attention to the '-en' ending when saying 'am [date]'. It's a common mistake for learners.

Song Recognition

The German birthday song has the same melody as the English one, making it easy to recognize the word.

Reinfeiern

If invited to a party starting at 9 PM the day before a birthday, you are 'reinfeiern'-ing.

Linking S

The 's' in 'Geburtstag' is a linking element. You'll see it in many other compounds like 'Arbeitsplatz'.

Gifts

Use 'zum Geburtstag' when talking about gifts: 'Ein Geschenk zum Geburtstag'.

암기하기

어원

Middle High German 'geburttac'

문화적 맥락

Celebrating the transition into the birthday at midnight.

The birthday person provides the food, not the colleagues.

Cultural taboo against wishing 'Happy Birthday' before the day.

Milestone birthdays (20, 30, 40...) are usually bigger parties.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"Wann hast du eigentlich Geburtstag?"

"Wie feierst du deinen Geburtstag am liebsten?"

"Was war dein schönster Geburtstag?"

"Was wünschst du dir dieses Jahr zum Geburtstag?"

"Feiert ihr in deiner Familie Geburtstage groß?"

일기 주제

Beschreibe deinen letzten Geburtstag.

Was ist wichtiger: Geschenke oder Zeit mit Freunden?

Wie hat sich deine Einstellung zu Geburtstagen über die Jahre verändert?

Welche Geburtstagstradition aus Deutschland findest du interessant?

Plane deine ideale Geburtstagsfeier.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It is masculine (der Geburtstag) because the last part of the compound, 'Tag', is masculine. Even though 'Geburt' is feminine, the last word always determines the gender in German compounds.

It is grammatically possible but very uncommon. Germans almost always say 'Alles Gute zum Geburtstag' or 'Herzlichen Glückwunsch'. 'Froh' is usually reserved for holidays like Christmas or Easter.

It means starting a party on the evening before your birthday so that you are already with your friends when the clock strikes midnight and your birthday officially begins.

This is a strong German cultural norm. The person celebrating is the 'host' of the day and shows appreciation for their colleagues by providing food or treats.

Yes, many Germans are quite superstitious about this. It is better to wait until the actual day or even a day late than to wish them well too early.

You say 'Nachträglich alles Gute zum Geburtstag'. The word 'nachträglich' means 'belated' or 'after the event'.

A 'round birthday' is a milestone birthday that ends in a zero, like 20, 30, 40, etc. These are usually celebrated with larger parties.

You would use the word 'Geburtsdatum'. For example: 'Bitte geben Sie Ihr Geburtsdatum an'.

It literally means 'birthday child', but it is used for people of any age on their birthday to indicate they are the center of attention.

When using 'am', the ordinal number ends in '-n'. For example: 'am zehnten Mai'. Without 'am', it ends in '-r': 'der zehnte Mai'.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기