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A1 noun #2,540 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

startled

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 startled 30초 만에
설명 startled in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'startled' means to feel a sudden jump of surprise or a little bit of fear. Imagine you are sitting quietly, and suddenly a door slams very loudly. Your body jumps. That feeling is being startled. It is a very quick feeling. It is not the same as being very sad or very happy. It is just a quick shock. For example, if someone hides behind a tree and jumps out to say 'Boo!', you will feel startled. We use this word to talk about quick, surprising moments in our daily life. It is an adjective, which means it describes how a person feels. You can say 'I am startled' or 'She looks startled'. It is a very useful word when you want to tell a story about something unexpected happening to you. Remember, it is usually caused by something you hear or see suddenly, like a loud noise, a quick movement, or an unexpected person. It is a normal reaction that everyone has. Learning this word helps you describe your feelings better when something surprising happens. Practice using it when you talk about sudden noises or quick surprises.
At the A2 level, understanding 'startled' involves recognizing it as a specific type of surprise. It is a sudden, physical reaction to something unexpected. When you are startled, you might gasp, jump, or flinch. It is a very brief feeling of shock or mild fear. For instance, if you are walking in the dark and a cat suddenly runs across your path, you will likely be startled. The difference between being surprised and being startled is important. You are surprised if you get a gift you didn't expect, but you are startled if a balloon pops loudly next to your ear. It is often used with the preposition 'by'. You are 'startled by' a loud noise or 'startled by' a sudden movement. You can also use it as a verb: 'The loud noise startled me.' This word is very common in everyday English, especially when telling stories about funny or slightly scary things that happened to you. It helps make your stories more interesting and exact. When you read books or watch movies, look for characters who jump or gasp; they are being startled. Using this word correctly shows that your English vocabulary is growing and becoming more descriptive.
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At the B1 level, 'startled' is understood as an involuntary physiological and emotional response to an abrupt stimulus. It is more nuanced than simple surprise. Being startled involves an immediate, reflexive physical action—like a jolt, a sharp intake of breath, or a sudden widening of the eyes—triggered by an unexpected event, typically a loud noise or a sudden visual change. It is a temporary state of mild alarm that quickly dissipates once the person realizes there is no actual danger. For example, 'I was deeply focused on my work, so the sudden ringing of the phone startled me.' It is crucial to distinguish 'startled' from 'shocked' or 'terrified'. Shock often implies a profound emotional impact from bad news, while terror is intense, sustained fear. 'Startled' is strictly for brief, sudden frights. Grammatically, it functions as an adjective (e.g., 'a startled expression') or the past participle of the verb 'startle' (e.g., 'The dog startled the intruder'). Mastery of this word allows learners to articulate precise emotional and physical states, enhancing both their narrative skills and their comprehension of descriptive texts in English.
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At the B2 level, learners should appreciate the subtle connotations and varied applications of 'startled'. It denotes a sudden, involuntary start or flinch caused by an unexpected and often jarring stimulus. The word encapsulates both the physical reflex and the fleeting psychological state of mild alarm. It is frequently employed in literature to build tension or depict a character's immediate reaction to an unforeseen event. For instance, 'She gave a startled cry as the shadow moved.' Furthermore, learners should be comfortable using 'startled' in various syntactic structures, such as participial phrases: 'Startled by the sudden noise, the flock of birds took flight.' It is also important to recognize the difference between the feeling ('startled') and the cause ('startling'). 'The statistics were startling, and the audience was startled by them.' Understanding these distinctions allows for more sophisticated and accurate expression. The word is indispensable for conveying the precise nature of a sudden surprise, distinguishing it from broader terms like 'amazed' or 'astonished', which lack the element of physical shock or mild fright inherent in being startled.
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At the C1 level, the comprehension of 'startled' extends to its use in nuanced, idiomatic, and complex literary contexts. It represents an acute, transient disruption of a person's equilibrium, manifesting as a reflexive physical jolt and a momentary cognitive dissonance. Advanced users recognize that 'startled' can be applied metaphorically, though its primary domain remains physical and immediate. For example, one might be 'startled out of a reverie' or 'startled into action', indicating that the sudden surprise served as a catalyst for a change in mental state or behavior. The word is often collocated with adverbs that modify the intensity or nature of the reaction, such as 'visibly startled', 'momentarily startled', or 'mildly startled'. At this level, learners should effortlessly distinguish 'startled' from near-synonyms like 'disconcerted', 'unnerved', or 'flabbergasted', understanding that 'startled' specifically emphasizes the abruptness and the physiological startle response. Mastery involves deploying the word to craft precise, evocative descriptions in both creative writing and sophisticated discourse, accurately capturing the ephemeral intersection of surprise, mild alarm, and physical reflex.
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At the C2 level, 'startled' is wielded with absolute precision, recognizing its etymological roots and its specific psychological and physiological implications. The 'startle response' is a recognized biological reflex, and the word perfectly encapsulates this involuntary defensive mechanism. Proficient users manipulate the word to convey subtle shifts in atmosphere and character psychology. It can be used to underscore vulnerability or to highlight the jarring contrast between a state of tranquility and sudden disruption. In advanced literary analysis, noting a character's startled reaction can provide insights into their underlying anxieties or hyper-vigilance. The syntactic flexibility of the word is fully exploited, seamlessly integrating into complex sentence structures: 'Scarcely had the silence settled when a sharp rap at the windowpane startled him, sending a jolt of adrenaline coursing through his veins.' At this pinnacle of proficiency, the distinction between 'startled' and its myriad synonyms is intuitive, allowing for the selection of the exact lexical item required to render a scene with maximum fidelity and evocative power, demonstrating a profound mastery of English lexical nuances.
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startled 30초 만에

  • A sudden feeling of surprise.
  • Often involves a physical jump.
  • Caused by unexpected noises or events.
  • Lasts only for a very short time.

The word startled describes a very specific, sudden, and involuntary physical or emotional reaction to an unexpected event. When you are startled, your body experiences a brief moment of shock or mild fear, often accompanied by a physical reflex such as jumping, gasping, or flinching. This reaction is deeply rooted in human biology as a survival mechanism, designed to make us instantly alert to potential danger. For example, if you are reading a book in a quiet room and a door suddenly slams shut, the immediate jolt you feel is what it means to be startled. It is important to distinguish being startled from being afraid; fear is a prolonged emotional state, whereas being startled is a split-second reaction that usually fades quickly once you realize there is no real threat. The feeling is universally understood and is a common part of daily life, from someone sneaking up behind you to a loud clap of thunder during a storm.

Physical Reaction
A sudden jump, gasp, or flinch caused by an unexpected stimulus.
Emotional State
A brief feeling of surprise mixed with mild fear or shock.
Duration
Typically lasts only a few seconds before the person calms down.

The loud crash from the kitchen startled the sleeping cat, causing it to leap into the air.

I was completely startled when my friends jumped out and yelled 'Surprise!'

She gave a startled cry when the lights unexpectedly went out.

He looked startled for a moment before breaking into a wide smile.

The sudden ringing of the telephone in the dead of night startled everyone in the house.

Understanding the nuance of this word helps in accurately describing scenes in writing or expressing your own experiences. It conveys a sense of abruptness that words like 'surprised' or 'amazed' do not fully capture. When you say you were startled, the listener immediately pictures the physical jolt and the wide-eyed expression that accompanies it. This makes it an incredibly evocative and useful word in the English language, perfect for storytelling and recounting daily anecdotes.

Using the word startled correctly involves understanding its grammatical function and the contexts in which it naturally fits. Primarily, 'startled' functions as an adjective describing a person's state, or as the past tense and past participle of the verb 'startle'. When used as an adjective, it is often paired with linking verbs like 'be', 'look', 'seem', or 'appear'. For instance, 'She looked startled' describes her appearance in the moment of surprise. When used as a verb, it takes a direct object, meaning something startles someone. For example, 'The loud noise startled me.' It is crucial to note the prepositions that commonly follow it. You are typically startled 'by' something (a noise, a movement) or startled 'to' do something (startled to find the door open). It is rarely used to describe long-term emotional states; it is strictly for sudden, brief moments.

As an Adjective
Describes the state of a person or animal (e.g., a startled expression).
As a Verb (Active)
The subject causes the sudden surprise (e.g., The dog startled the mailman).
As a Verb (Passive)
The subject receives the surprise (e.g., I was startled by the alarm).

I didn't mean to startle you; I thought you heard me walk in.

The startled deer froze for a second before darting into the woods.

He was visibly startled by the sudden question from the reporter.

She awoke with a startled gasp from the vivid nightmare.

The baby was startled by the dog's loud bark and began to cry.

Mastering the use of 'startled' will significantly enhance your descriptive vocabulary. It allows you to paint a vivid picture of a scene. Remember that the intensity of being startled is usually lower than being 'terrified' or 'horrified', but higher and more physical than merely being 'surprised'. It occupies a unique space in the spectrum of human reactions, making it an indispensable tool for effective communication in English.

The word startled is ubiquitous in both spoken and written English, appearing across a wide variety of contexts. You will frequently encounter it in literature, particularly in genres like thrillers, mysteries, and horror, where sudden events and jump scares are common narrative devices. Authors use it to build tension and convey a character's immediate reaction to the unknown. In everyday conversation, people use it to recount personal anecdotes about minor frights, such as almost dropping a glass or being surprised by a family member hiding around a corner. It is also common in news reports describing sudden events that catch people off guard, though usually in less formal or human-interest stories. Furthermore, it is a staple in movie scripts and stage directions to instruct actors on how to react physically to a sudden stimulus.

Everyday Conversation
Used to describe minor, relatable frights (e.g., dropping a pan, someone sneaking up).
Literature and Fiction
Used to build tension and describe character reactions to sudden events.
News and Media
Used to describe the public's or an individual's reaction to unexpected occurrences.

In the novel, the protagonist is startled by a mysterious knock at the door at midnight.

During the interview, the actor admitted he was startled by the massive crowd of fans.

I was so startled when my phone rang during the silent meditation retreat.

The wildlife documentary showed how the herd was startled by the approaching predator.

You could hear the startled gasps from the audience when the magician performed his final trick.

By paying attention to where and how 'startled' is used in different media, learners can gain a deeper appreciation for its specific connotations. It is a word that bridges the gap between physical reflex and emotional response, making it highly versatile. Whether you are reading a classic novel or chatting with a friend about a clumsy moment, 'startled' is the perfect word to describe that split-second jump of surprise.

When learning to use the word startled, non-native speakers often make a few predictable errors. The most common mistake is confusing it with 'surprised'. While all instances of being startled involve surprise, not all surprises startle you. For example, if you win the lottery, you are surprised, but you are not 'startled' unless the announcement involved a loud, unexpected noise that made you jump. Another frequent error is using it to describe long-term states of shock or disbelief. You cannot be 'startled' by the state of the economy over a year; you can only be startled by a sudden event in the moment. Additionally, learners sometimes struggle with the correct prepositions, using 'startled from' or 'startled of' instead of the correct 'startled by'. Finally, confusing the adjective form 'startled' with the present participle 'startling' is common. 'Startled' describes the person feeling the shock, while 'startling' describes the thing causing the shock.

Startled vs. Surprised
Startled implies a physical jump or fright; surprised is a general feeling of unexpectedness.
Startled vs. Startling
You are startled (feeling); the loud noise is startling (cause).
Wrong Prepositions
Always use 'startled by' something, not 'startled of' or 'startled from'.

Incorrect: I am startled of spiders. Correct: I was startled by the spider dropping from the ceiling.

Incorrect: The news was very startled. Correct: The news was very startling, and I was startled by it.

Incorrect: I was startled that she passed the exam. Correct: I was surprised that she passed the exam.

Incorrect: He has been startled for three weeks. Correct: He has been in shock for three weeks.

Incorrect: The loud music startled to me. Correct: The loud music startled me.

By avoiding these common pitfalls, your English will sound much more natural and precise. Understanding the physical element of 'startled' is the key to using it correctly. It is a dynamic, action-oriented emotion word, unlike the more passive 'surprised' or the more profound 'shocked'. Keep these distinctions in mind, and you will master the use of this expressive vocabulary word.

To fully grasp the meaning of startled, it is helpful to explore its synonyms and understand the subtle differences between them. Words like 'surprised', 'shocked', 'frightened', 'alarmed', and 'spooked' all share semantic territory with 'startled', but each carries its own unique flavor. 'Surprised' is the most general term, lacking the physical jolt of being startled. 'Shocked' implies a deeper, more profound emotional impact, often related to bad news or a violation of expectations, rather than a simple loud noise. 'Frightened' indicates genuine fear, whereas being startled is usually just a momentary scare. 'Alarmed' suggests a sudden realization of danger, prompting a need for action. 'Spooked' is a more informal term, often used for animals (like horses) or people who are made nervous or slightly scared by something eerie or unexpected. Choosing the right synonym depends entirely on the specific context and the intensity of the reaction you wish to convey.

Shocked
A deep emotional reaction to unexpected, usually negative, news or events.
Alarmed
A sudden feeling of fear or worry that danger is imminent.
Spooked
Informal; feeling nervous or easily frightened, often by something unseen or eerie.

While 'surprised' by the gift, she was startled when the jack-in-the-box popped out.

He wasn't just startled by the car crash; he was deeply shocked.

The horse was spooked by the snake, but the rider was merely startled.

I was alarmed by the smoke, which startled me out of my sleep.

Don't be frightened; it was just a loud noise that startled you.

Expanding your vocabulary with these related words allows for more precise and expressive communication. It helps you articulate exactly how a person felt in a given situation. By understanding that 'startled' is specifically about suddenness and physical reaction, you can confidently choose it over its synonyms when painting a picture of a quick, unexpected fright.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Participial Adjectives (-ed vs -ing)

Prepositions following Adjectives (startled by)

Passive Voice (was startled by)

Infinitive Phrases (startled to see)

Linking Verbs (look startled)

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수준별 예문

1

The loud noise startled me.

Sudden noise made me jump

Used as a verb in the past tense.

2

I am startled by the dog.

The dog surprised me suddenly

Used as an adjective with 'by'.

3

She looks startled.

She appears suddenly surprised

Adjective following a linking verb.

4

Did the cat startle you?

Did the cat make you jump?

Base verb in a question.

5

He was startled when the door slammed.

He jumped when the door closed loudly

Adjective followed by a 'when' clause.

6

The baby is startled easily.

The baby jumps at small noises

Adjective with an adverb.

7

Don't startle the bird!

Do not scare the bird suddenly

Imperative verb.

8

A sudden shout startled everyone.

A loud yell surprised all people

Verb with a direct object.

1

I was startled to see him there.

Surprised to find him

Adjective followed by an infinitive.

2

The thunder startled the sleeping dog.

Loud thunder woke the dog suddenly

Verb acting on an object.

3

She gave a startled little jump.

She jumped slightly in surprise

Adjective modifying a noun.

4

He woke up with a startled cry.

He woke up yelling in surprise

Adjective modifying a noun.

5

The alarm clock startled me awake.

The clock woke me up suddenly

Verb used with an object and an adjective complement.

6

They were startled by the sudden flash of light.

The bright light surprised them

Passive voice construction.

7

I didn't mean to startle you.

I did not want to surprise you

Infinitive verb.

8

Her startled expression made me laugh.

Her surprised face was funny

Adjective modifying a noun.

1

Startled by the noise, she dropped her cup.

Because of the noise, she dropped it

Participial phrase at the beginning of a sentence.

2

He looked momentarily startled before recovering his composure.

He was surprised for a second

Adverb modifying the adjective.

3

The sudden drop in temperature startled the hikers.

The quick cold surprised them

Verb with an abstract subject.

4

I was quite startled to hear the news of his resignation.

Very surprised to hear he quit

Adverb 'quite' emphasizing the adjective.

5

The horse, easily startled, refused to cross the bridge.

The nervous horse wouldn't cross

Adjective phrase modifying the subject.

6

She stared at him with wide, startled eyes.

Looked at him with surprised eyes

Multiple adjectives modifying a noun.

7

The unexpected question startled a confession out of him.

The question made him confess suddenly

Verb used idiomatically to force an action.

8

It is easy to startle someone who is deep in thought.

Easy to surprise a thinking person

Infinitive verb as the subject complement.

1

The loud backfire of the car left everyone in the street visibly startled.

The car noise made everyone clearly surprised

Adverb 'visibly' modifying the adjective.

2

He was startled out of his reverie by the sharp ringing of the telephone.

The phone woke him from his daydream

Idiomatic phrase 'startled out of'.

3

The sudden appearance of the manager startled the employees into silence.

The manager's arrival made them quiet suddenly

Verb used with 'into' to show a resulting state.

4

Though she tried to hide it, a startled gasp escaped her lips.

She accidentally gasped in surprise

Adjective modifying the subject of the clause.

5

The statistics presented in the report were startling, leaving the board members completely startled.

The surprising numbers made the board surprised

Contrasting 'startling' (cause) and 'startled' (effect).

6

He gave a startled flinch as the doctor approached with the needle.

He jumped slightly when he saw the needle

Adjective modifying a noun describing a physical action.

7

The deer, startled by the snapping twig, bounded away into the underbrush.

The deer ran away after hearing a noise

Non-restrictive participial phrase.

8

I was mildly startled to find that my keys were not in my pocket.

A little surprised my keys were missing

Adverb 'mildly' softening the adjective.

1

The abrupt cessation of the background hum startled her more than the noise itself had.

The sudden silence surprised her more than the sound

Verb with a complex abstract subject.

2

He was startled to discover the depth of the deception that had been occurring right under his nose.

Surprised to find out about the big lie

Adjective followed by an infinitive phrase expressing realization.

3

A startled murmur rippled through the courtroom as the verdict was read.

A surprised whisper went through the room

Adjective modifying a noun in a descriptive, metaphorical phrase.

4

She managed to suppress her startled reaction, maintaining a facade of perfect indifference.

She hid her surprise and looked calm

Adjective modifying a noun within a complex sentence structure.

5

The sudden influx of cold air startled him into full wakefulness.

The cold air woke him up completely

Verb used with 'into' to denote a sudden transition of state.

6

His startled gaze darted around the room, seeking the source of the disturbance.

His surprised eyes looked around quickly

Adjective modifying a noun denoting an action.

7

The sheer audacity of the proposal left the committee members momentarily startled.

The bold idea surprised the committee for a second

Adjective used as an object complement.

8

Startled by his own reflection in the darkened glass, he let out a nervous chuckle.

Surprised by seeing himself, he laughed nervously

Participial phrase providing the reason for the main action.

1

The revelation was so profound that it startled the scientific community out of its entrenched complacency.

The discovery shocked scientists out of their lazy thinking

Metaphorical use of 'startled out of'.

2

He possessed a hyper-vigilant demeanor, perpetually appearing as though he were a hair's breadth from being startled.

He always looked like he was about to be surprised

Passive infinitive construction in a descriptive context.

3

The sudden dissonance in the symphony startled the audience, deliberately jarring them from their aesthetic reverie.

The bad musical note surprised the audience on purpose

Verb used in a complex sentence analyzing artistic intent.

4

She offered a startled, almost imperceptible flinch, betraying the vulnerability she fought so hard to conceal.

She made a tiny surprised movement, showing her weakness

Adjective in a list of modifiers emphasizing subtlety.

5

The protagonist's startled awakening serves as a recurring motif, symbolizing his abrupt confrontations with reality.

The hero waking up surprised is a symbol in the story

Adjective modifying a gerund in literary analysis.

6

Scarcely had the words left his mouth when a startled exclamation from the back of the hall interrupted him.

Right after he spoke, a surprised shout stopped him

Adjective modifying a noun in an inverted sentence structure.

7

The economic indicators plummeted with a suddenness that startled even the most seasoned market analysts.

The fast drop surprised even expert analysts

Verb in a relative clause emphasizing extreme degree.

8

He navigated the treacherous political landscape with a calm that belied his internally startled state.

He acted calm but was actually surprised inside

Adjective modifying a noun indicating an internal condition.

반의어

calm unmoved relaxed

자주 쓰는 조합

visibly startled
easily startled
startled awake
startled expression
startled gasp
momentarily startled
startled by
startled to

자주 쓰는 구문

startled out of one's wits
startled into action
give a startled jump
a startled look
startled out of a reverie
startled by the noise
startled to see
startled awake
startled response
startled cry

자주 혼동되는 단어

startled vs surprised

startled vs shocked

startled vs startling

관용어 및 표현

"jump out of one's skin"
"catch someone off guard"
"take someone by surprise"
"make someone jump"
"scare the daylights out of someone"
"scare the living daylights out of someone"
"catch someone unawares"
"bolt upright"
"stop dead in one's tracks"
"heart skips a beat"

혼동하기 쉬운

startled vs

startled vs

startled vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

nuance

Implies a physical reflex (jumping, flinching) that 'surprised' does not.

formality

Neutral; appropriate for both formal and informal contexts.

자주 하는 실수
  • Confusing 'startled' (the feeling) with 'startling' (the cause).
  • Using 'startled of' instead of 'startled by'.
  • Using 'startled' to describe long-term emotional shock rather than a brief reflex.
  • Using 'startled' for pleasant, expected surprises (like a planned gift).
  • Forgetting that 'startled' usually implies a physical reaction (jumping/flinching).

팁

Use 'by' or 'to'

Always use the preposition 'by' when stating the cause (startled by the dog). Use 'to' before a verb (startled to find the door open). Do not use 'of' or 'from'.

Physical Reaction

Remember that 'startled' implies a physical jump or flinch. If there is no physical reaction, use 'surprised' instead. It helps paint a clearer picture.

Stress the First Syllable

The emphasis is on 'STAR'. Say STAR-tled. The 't' is often pronounced softly, almost like a quick 'd' in American English.

Show, Don't Tell

In creative writing, saying a character 'gave a startled gasp' is a great way to show they were surprised without just saying 'he was surprised'. It adds action to the scene.

Startled vs Startling

You are startled (-ed for feelings). The movie is startling (-ing for the cause). Never say 'I am startling' unless you mean you are scaring other people!

Visibly Startled

A great phrase to use is 'visibly startled'. It means the person's surprise was very obvious to anyone watching them. 'He was visibly startled by the question.'

Short Duration

Do not use 'startled' for long-term feelings. You cannot be 'startled' by the economy for a year. It is only for split-second reactions.

Jump Out of Your Skin

If you want a fun idiom that means the same thing as being very startled, use 'I nearly jumped out of my skin!'. It perfectly describes the physical feeling.

Jump Scares

Think of horror movies. The feeling you get when the monster suddenly jumps out on screen is the exact definition of being startled.

Mild Fear

Being startled usually involves a tiny bit of fear or shock, unlike a happy surprise. Keep this slightly negative/shocking nuance in mind when choosing the word.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'STAR' suddenly falling from the sky; it would leave you 'STARTLED'.

어원

Old English 'styrtan' (to leap up) + frequentative suffix '-le'.

문화적 맥락

During Halloween, startling people is a common form of playful celebration in the US and UK.

The 'jump scare' is a cinematic technique designed specifically to elicit a startled reaction from the audience.

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"What is the most easily startled you have ever been?"

"Do you like movies that try to startle you with jump scares?"

"Are you a 'jumpy' person who gets startled easily?"

"What was the last thing that startled you?"

"How do you usually react when you are startled?"

일기 주제

Describe a time when you were deeply focused and something startled you.

Write a short story about a character who is startled by a mysterious noise in the night.

How does your body physically feel in the exact moment you are startled?

Discuss the difference between being startled and being truly afraid.

Write about a time you accidentally startled someone else. How did they react?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Being surprised is a general feeling when something unexpected happens. Being startled is a specific type of surprise that includes a sudden, physical reaction, like jumping or gasping. You can be surprised by a gift, but you are startled by a loud noise. Startled is always sudden and brief. Surprised can last longer.

No, the correct preposition is 'by'. You are 'startled by' a loud noise. You can also be 'startled to' do something, like 'startled to see him'. Using 'of' is a common grammatical mistake.

It is a mix of a physical reflex and a brief emotion. The emotion is a very quick feeling of mild fear or shock. However, the physical part (jumping, flinching) is what makes it unique. It is often called the 'startle response' in biology.

Being startled usually lasts only a few seconds. It is an immediate reaction to a sudden event. Once your brain realizes there is no real danger, the feeling fades quickly. If the feeling lasts a long time, it is better described as fear or shock.

Yes, absolutely. Animals have a very strong startle response for survival. A deer can be startled by a snapping twig, or a cat can be startled by a sudden movement. It is a universal biological reaction.

Not necessarily. It is a natural survival mechanism. However, if someone is constantly and easily startled by very small things, it might be a sign of stress, anxiety, or a hyper-vigilant state. Generally, it is just a normal human reflex.

The opposite would be feeling calm, relaxed, or unfazed. If a loud noise happens and you do not react at all, you are unfazed. You maintain your composure instead of jumping.

It is uncommon. 'Startled' usually implies a slight negative shock or mild fear due to a sudden event. For good news, 'pleasantly surprised', 'delighted', or 'thrilled' are much better choices. You would only be startled by good news if it was delivered with a sudden loud shout.

It means to be woken up very suddenly and abruptly from sleep, usually by a loud noise or a bad dream. You wake up with a jump and a fast heartbeat. It is a very common phrase.

'Startling' is the present participle and is used as an adjective to describe the *cause* of the surprise. 'Startled' describes the *feeling* of the person. The loud noise is startling; the person is startled.

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abanimfy

C1

애버님파이(명사): 특정 그룹이나 커뮤니티 내에서 활력, 정신, 동기 부여를 총체적으로 상실한 상태를 특징으로 하는 집단 심리 상태.

abanimize

C1

냉철한 객관성을 달성하기 위해 상황에서 감정적 강도를 체계적으로 중화하거나 제거하는 과정.

abhor

C1

몹시 싫어하다: 도덕적 또는 윤리적 이유로 어떤 것에 대해 강한 혐오감이나 증오심을 느끼는 것.

abminity

C1

abminity는 무언가를 극도로 혐오하고 그것을 가증스러운 것으로 여기는 것을 의미합니다. 깊은 도덕적 또는 미적 반감을 나타냅니다.

abmotine

C1

그는 비극 앞에서도 abmotine(무감각한) 상태를 유지했다.

abominable

C1

가증스러운. 1. 휴가 기간 동안 날씨가 정말 가증스러울 정도로 나빴습니다. 2. 그는 온 나라를 충격에 빠뜨린 가증스러운 범죄를 저질렀습니다.

abphilous

C1

이전의 친밀감이나 감정적 애착에서 의식적으로 물러나거나 거리를 두는 것.

absedhood

C1

주변 환경이나 사회적 책임으로부터 깊이 분리되거나 정서적으로 위축된 상태를 묘사합니다.

abvidness

C1

특정 관심사나 욕구에 대해 강렬하게 열망하거나 열정적인 상태.

adacrty

C1

Alacrity(알라크리티)는 기꺼이, 신속하게, 그리고 적극적으로 무언가를 하는 것을 의미합니다. 이는 행동의 속도뿐만 아니라 그것을 수행하는 사람의 긍정적이고 열정적인 태도를 나타냅니다. Alacrity는 업무 수행이나 요청에 대한 즐겁고 신속한 의지를 나타내며, 속도와 함께 열정을 의미합니다.

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