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B1 adjective #3,000 가장 일반적인 8분 분량

doloroso

상위 3,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 doloroso 30초 만에

설명 doloroso in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should focus on the most basic meaning of 'doloroso': something that causes 'dolor' (pain). Think of it as the opposite of 'agradable' (pleasant). You will mostly use it to describe physical things like a 'golpe' (hit) or an 'inyección' (shot). At this stage, don't worry too much about complex emotional uses. Just remember that if something makes you go '¡ay!', it is 'doloroso'. Always remember to match the ending: 'el proceso doloroso' but 'la herida dolorosa'. It is a useful word to know if you need to go to a pharmacy or a doctor while traveling in a Spanish-speaking country. You can point to something and say 'es doloroso' to explain that it hurts. This simple adjective is easier to use than the verb 'doler' because 'doler' is irregular and works like 'gustar' (me duele, te duele), which can be tricky for beginners. Using 'doloroso' with the verb 'es' (it is) is a great shortcut to express that something is painful without getting tangled in complex grammar.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'doloroso' to describe not just physical pain, but also simple emotional situations. For example, you can say 'una película dolorosa' (a painful/sad movie) or 'un adiós doloroso' (a painful goodbye). You should be comfortable with the plural forms: 'estos ejercicios son dolorosos' (these exercises are painful). You will also learn to use it with 'muy' (very) and 'poco' (a little). At this level, you should understand the difference between 'doloroso' (the thing that causes pain) and 'adolorido' (the person who feels pain). If you have been exercising and your muscles ache, you are 'adolorido', but the exercises were 'dolorosos'. This distinction is important for clearer communication. You might also encounter it in simple stories or news headlines about accidents. Practicing the agreement between nouns and this adjective is key at this stage to build a solid foundation in Spanish grammar.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to use 'doloroso' in a wide variety of contexts, including metaphorical ones. You can talk about 'una verdad dolorosa' (a painful truth) or 'un proceso doloroso de cambio' (a painful process of change). You should understand how to use it in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Me parece doloroso que...' followed by the subjunctive mood (e.g., 'Me parece doloroso que no me hables'). You are also expected to recognize its role in expressing empathy. Instead of just stating facts, you use 'doloroso' to show you understand the weight of a situation. You should also start noticing it in more formal writing, like newspapers or literature. At this level, you can begin to compare 'doloroso' with synonyms like 'penoso' or 'triste' to see which fits best. You should also be familiar with the adverb 'dolorosamente' (painfully), which you can use to describe how something happened, like 'el equipo perdió dolorosamente' (the team lost painfully).

At the B2 level, you should have a nuanced understanding of 'doloroso'. You can use it to discuss abstract social issues, such as 'la dolorosa realidad de la pobreza' (the painful reality of poverty). You should be able to use it fluently in debates and discussions about feelings, history, and society. You will likely encounter it in idiomatic expressions or more sophisticated literary texts where it describes the 'condición humana' (human condition). You should also be able to distinguish it from more technical or specific terms like 'agudo', 'crónico', or 'punzante' when describing pain. At this stage, your use of 'doloroso' should feel natural and integrated into your overall vocabulary. You can use it to add emphasis and emotional depth to your arguments. You should also be comfortable using the superlative 'dolorosísimo' to describe extreme situations. Your ability to use the word in the correct register—whether informal with friends or formal in a professional setting—should be well-developed.

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At the C1 level, you use 'doloroso' with precision and style. You understand its subtle connotations in different Spanish-speaking regions and can use it to evoke specific emotions in your writing or speech. You might use it in academic contexts to describe 'dolorosas transiciones políticas' or in literary analysis to discuss a 'personaje con un pasado doloroso'. You are aware of how the word functions within the broader semantic field of suffering and can choose it over alternatives like 'lacerante', 'mortificante', or 'desgarrador' for specific stylistic effects. You can also handle complex grammatical constructions involving the word without hesitation. Your understanding of the word includes its historical roots and how it has evolved in the language. You can use 'doloroso' to create powerful imagery and to engage in deep, meaningful conversations about complex human experiences. You also recognize its use in legal or medical jargon where the meaning might be very specific.

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At the C2 level, 'doloroso' is a tool you use with the mastery of a native speaker. You can play with its placement and context to achieve rhetorical effects. You understand its use in classical Spanish literature and how it contrasts with archaic or regional variants. You can use it in highly specialized fields, such as philosophy (discussing the 'doloroso despertar de la conciencia') or advanced medical ethics. Your command of the word allows you to use it ironically, metaphorically, or with extreme literalness as the situation demands. You are also fully aware of the word's etymological connections to other Romance languages and can discuss its nuances in comparison to 'painful' in English or 'douloureux' in French. At this level, 'doloroso' is not just a vocabulary word; it is a part of your expressive repertoire that you use to communicate the most delicate and profound aspects of human existence with absolute clarity and sophistication.

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doloroso 30초 만에

Doloroso describes anything causing physical pain or emotional suffering, agreeing in gender and number with the noun it modifies.
It is commonly used in medical, emotional, and metaphorical contexts to emphasize the intensity of a negative experience.
Unlike the verb 'doler', which focuses on the act of hurting, 'doloroso' focuses on the quality of the thing causing the pain.
Synonyms include 'penoso' and 'agudo', but 'doloroso' is the most general and widely applicable term for 'painful' in Spanish.

The Spanish word doloroso is a versatile adjective primarily used to describe anything that causes physical pain, emotional distress, or significant hardship. Derived from the noun 'dolor' (pain) and the suffix '-oso' (indicating abundance or quality), it literally translates to 'painful.' In everyday Spanish, its application mirrors the English 'painful' but often carries a slightly heavier emotional weight depending on the context. Whether you are describing a physical injury, a difficult breakup, or a challenging economic transition, 'doloroso' is the go-to term for expressing the presence of suffering.

Physical Sensation: When referring to the body, it describes sensations that are sharp, aching, or tender. For example, a medical procedure or a bruise.

La recuperación después de la cirugía fue un proceso muy doloroso para él.

Emotional Impact: It is frequently used to describe psychological wounds, such as grief, betrayal, or the loss of a loved one.

Fue una despedida dolorosa porque no sabían cuándo se volverían a ver.

Beyond these primary uses, it can describe abstract concepts like a 'dolorosa verdad' (painful truth) or a 'dolorosa derrota' (painful defeat). In literary contexts, it evokes a sense of deep pathos. In medical contexts, it helps patients describe symptoms to doctors. It is a B1 level word because while its root is simple, its nuanced application across physical and metaphorical domains requires a moderate grasp of Spanish descriptive structures. Understanding 'doloroso' allows learners to move beyond simple verbs like 'doler' to provide more descriptive depth to their speech and writing.

Es doloroso admitir que cometimos un error tan grave.

Comparative Intensity: Compared to 'molesto' (annoying/bothersome), 'doloroso' implies a much higher level of suffering that is difficult to ignore.

El golpe en la rodilla fue instantáneamente doloroso.

Ver el estado de la ciudad tras el terremoto fue una visión dolorosa.

Using doloroso correctly requires attention to adjective placement and agreement. In Spanish, adjectives usually follow the noun they describe, but placing 'doloroso' before the noun can sometimes add a poetic or empathetic emphasis, though this is less common in everyday speech.

Agreement with Masculine Nouns: When describing masculine singular nouns like 'momento' or 'trato', use 'doloroso'. For plural, use 'dolorosos'.

Aquel fue un momento doloroso para toda la familia.

Agreement with Feminine Nouns: When describing feminine singular nouns like 'experiencia' or 'herida', use 'dolorosa'. For plural, use 'dolorosas'.

La inyección fue menos dolorosa de lo que esperaba.

When used with 'ser' (to be), it describes a general characteristic: 'La guerra es dolorosa'. When used with 'hacer' in the phrase 'hacerse doloroso' (to become painful), it indicates a change in state over time.

Con el paso de las horas, el caminar se hizo más doloroso.

Comparison and Superlatives: To say 'more painful', use 'más doloroso'. To say 'most painful', use 'el más doloroso'. To say 'extremely painful', you can use the suffix '-ísimo': 'dolorosísimo'.

Perder su casa fue lo más doloroso que le ha pasado.

Las verdades dolorosas son las que más nos ayudan a crecer.

This word is essential for expressing empathy. Instead of just saying 'I'm sorry,' saying 'Entiendo que esto sea muy doloroso para ti' (I understand this is very painful for you) shows a higher level of language proficiency and emotional intelligence.

You will encounter doloroso across a wide spectrum of media and real-life situations. In the medical field, doctors and nurses use it to assess a patient's condition. Phrases like '¿Es doloroso al tacto?' (Is it painful to the touch?) are standard in clinical examinations. In the news, journalists use it to describe the impact of tragedies, economic crises, or social upheavals, often referring to 'dolorosas medidas' (painful measures) when discussing budget cuts or difficult political decisions.

Literature and Song Lyrics: Spanish music, especially boleros and ballads, frequently uses 'doloroso' to describe unrequited love or heartbreaking nostalgia.

La canción habla de un olvido doloroso y lento.

Legal and Formal Contexts: In legal settings, it might be used to describe 'daño moral' (moral damage) that is particularly painful for the victim.

Fue un proceso judicial largo y doloroso para las víctimas.

In sports commentary, a 'dolorosa derrota' is a common phrase used when a team loses in the final seconds or in a particularly humiliating way. It emphasizes that the loss wasn't just a statistic but a source of genuine emotional suffering for the fans and players.

Perder la final por un penalti en el último minuto fue doloroso.

Daily Conversations: Friends might use it when discussing a difficult life event, like a divorce or losing a job. It validates the depth of the other person's experience.

Sé que este cambio de ciudad es doloroso para tus hijos.

Es doloroso ver cómo se destruye el medio ambiente.

In religious contexts, it is also used, such as in 'Los Misterios Dolorosos' (The Sorrowful Mysteries) of the Rosary, which focus on the passion and death of Jesus.

One of the most frequent errors for English speakers is confusing the adjective doloroso with the verb doler. In English, 'painful' is an adjective, but we often use 'it hurts' (verb phrase). In Spanish, you must decide if you are describing a thing (adjective) or stating that something is causing pain to someone (verb).

Confusing Adjective and Verb: Incorrect: 'Mi brazo es doloroso' (My arm is painful). While grammatically possible, a native would almost always say 'Me duele el brazo' (My arm hurts). Use 'doloroso' when the focus is on the quality of the pain, not just the fact that it hurts.

Correct usage: El masaje fue muy doloroso.

Gender Agreement Errors: Many learners forget to change the ending for feminine nouns. 'Una verdad doloroso' is incorrect; it must be 'una verdad dolorosa'.

Fue una experiencia muy dolorosa para ella.

Another common mistake is overusing 'doloroso' for things that are merely 'sad' (triste) or 'annoying' (molesto). If a movie is just a bit sad, calling it 'doloroso' might sound overly dramatic. Reserve 'doloroso' for things that cause real suffering or intense emotional ache.

Misusing with 'Estar': Generally, use 'ser' with 'doloroso' to describe the nature of something. 'Estar doloroso' is rarely used; instead, use 'estar adolorido' (to be in pain/sore) if you are talking about a person's state.

Incorrect: 'Estoy doloroso' (I am painful). Correct: 'Estoy adolorido' (I am sore).

Las consecuencias de sus actos fueron dolorosas.

Lastly, avoid using it to describe a person's personality. A person isn't 'doloroso'; they might be 'pesado' (annoying) or 'cruel' (cruel). 'Doloroso' describes the impact of their actions or the state of a situation.

While doloroso is the most common word for 'painful,' Spanish offers a variety of synonyms that can add precision to your descriptions. Choosing the right one depends on whether you are talking about a sharp physical pain, a long-term emotional ache, or a tragic event.

Doloroso vs. Penoso: 'Penoso' can mean painful but often implies something pitiful, shameful, or requiring great effort. A 'trabajo penoso' is a hard, grueling job, while a 'momento penoso' might be an embarrassing one.

Fue una situación penosa para todos los involucrados.

Doloroso vs. Agudo: 'Agudo' is used specifically for sharp, intense physical pain. A 'dolor agudo' is a stabbing sensation, whereas 'doloroso' is a general adjective for the thing causing the pain.

Sintió un pinchazo agudo en la espalda.

Doloroso vs. Hiriente: 'Hiriente' literally means 'wounding' or 'hurting.' It is almost exclusively used for words or comments that offend or cause emotional pain.

Sus palabras fueron muy hirientes y me hicieron llorar.

La noticia de su fallecimiento fue un golpe doloroso.

Understanding these nuances helps you sound more like a native speaker. While 'doloroso' is never wrong for 'painful,' using 'hiriente' for a mean comment or 'agudo' for a sharp pain shows a more sophisticated command of the Spanish language.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The root 'dolor' is also the source of the common Spanish female name 'Dolores', which refers to 'Nuestra Señora de los Dolores' (Our Lady of Sorrows).

발음 가이드

UK /dɒ.lɒ.ˈrəʊ.səʊ/

US /doʊ.loʊ.ˈroʊ.soʊ/

The stress is on the penultimate syllable: do-lo-RO-so.

라임이 맞는 단어

hermoso famoso reposo sabroso curioso nervioso precioso ruidoso

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of a Spanish tap.
Making the 'o' sounds into diphthongs (like 'ou').
Stressing the wrong syllable (e.g., DO-lo-ro-so).
Dropping the final 'o'.
Pronouncing the 's' like a 'z'.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize because of the root 'dolor' and the common suffix '-oso'.

쓰기 3/5

Requires attention to gender and number agreement with the noun.

말하기 3/5

Need to practice the tapped 'r' and pure 'o' sounds for native-like fluency.

듣기 2/5

Clear pronunciation makes it easy to identify in spoken Spanish.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

dolor doler triste malo cuerpo

다음에 배울 것

adolorido penoso sufrimiento herida lástima

고급

lacerante aflictivo desgarrador luctuoso mortificante

알아야 할 문법

Adjective-Noun Agreement

El proceso (masc) es doloroso (masc). La herida (fem) es dolorosa (fem).

Placement of Adjectives

Una verdad dolorosa (Standard). Una dolorosa verdad (Emphatic/Poetic).

Comparison of Equality

Tan doloroso como... (As painful as...)

Superlatives with -ísimo

El tratamiento fue dolorosísimo.

Use of 'Ser' for Inherent Qualities

La guerra es dolorosa (It is the nature of war).

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수준별 예문

El golpe fue doloroso.

The hit was painful.

Masculine singular agreement.

La inyección es dolorosa.

The injection is painful.

Feminine singular agreement.

Tengo un zapato doloroso.

I have a painful shoe (it hurts to wear).

Adjective follows the noun.

No es muy doloroso.

It is not very painful.

Use of 'muy' for intensity.

Los cortes son dolorosos.

The cuts are painful.

Masculine plural agreement.

Es un momento doloroso.

It is a painful moment.

Describing an abstract concept simply.

Las heridas son dolorosas.

The wounds are painful.

Feminine plural agreement.

¡Qué doloroso!

How painful!

Exclamatory structure.

Fue un adiós muy doloroso para mí.

It was a very painful goodbye for me.

Emotional use of the adjective.

La película tiene un final doloroso.

The movie has a painful ending.

Describing art/media.

Caminar con estas botas es doloroso.

Walking with these boots is painful.

Infinitive as subject.

Vimos escenas dolorosas en las noticias.

We saw painful scenes on the news.

Plural agreement with 'escenas'.

El proceso de recuperación es doloroso.

The recovery process is painful.

Describing a process.

Es doloroso perder un juguete favorito.

It is painful to lose a favorite toy.

Impersonal 'es' + adjective + infinitive.

Sus palabras fueron dolorosas.

Their words were painful.

Describing the effect of speech.

No quiero pasar por algo tan doloroso otra vez.

I don't want to go through something so painful again.

Use of 'tan' for emphasis.

Es doloroso admitir que no tenemos razón.

It is painful to admit that we are not right.

Abstract emotional use.

La verdad puede ser dolorosa a veces.

The truth can be painful sometimes.

Modal verb 'puede ser'.

Fue una derrota dolorosa para el equipo local.

It was a painful defeat for the local team.

Sports context.

La cirugía fue exitosa, pero el postoperatorio es doloroso.

The surgery was successful, but the post-op is painful.

Contrast using 'pero'.

Me resulta doloroso verte así.

I find it painful to see you like this.

Using 'resultar' + adjective.

Recordar el pasado es a veces doloroso.

Remembering the past is sometimes painful.

Gerund-like use of infinitive 'recordar'.

Las medidas económicas fueron dolorosas para el pueblo.

The economic measures were painful for the people.

Socio-political context.

Es un sentimiento doloroso que no puedo explicar.

It is a painful feeling that I cannot explain.

Relative clause with 'que'.

La transición a la vida adulta puede ser un proceso doloroso.

The transition to adult life can be a painful process.

Complex noun phrase.

Soportó una dolorosa enfermedad durante años.

He/she endured a painful illness for years.

Adjective before the noun for emphasis.

Es doloroso ver cómo se desperdicia tanto talento.

It is painful to see how so much talent is wasted.

Impersonal expression with 'cómo'.

La ruptura fue dolorosa, pero necesaria para ambos.

The breakup was painful, but necessary for both.

Coordinating adjectives.

El informe detalla las dolorosas consecuencias del cambio climático.

The report details the painful consequences of climate change.

Formal journalistic style.

A pesar de ser doloroso, decidió contar toda la verdad.

Despite it being painful, he decided to tell the whole truth.

Concessive clause with 'A pesar de'.

Fue doloroso darse cuenta de que el tiempo no perdona.

It was painful to realize that time waits for no one.

Idiomatic use of 'el tiempo no perdona'.

Sus silencios eran más dolorosos que sus palabras.

His/her silences were more painful than his/her words.

Comparative structure.

La novela explora la dolorosa dualidad de la existencia humana.

The novel explores the painful duality of human existence.

Literary/Academic tone.

Resulta doloroso constatar la falta de empatía en la sociedad actual.

It is painful to note the lack of empathy in today's society.

Sophisticated verb 'constatar'.

Aquel fue un episodio doloroso que marcó un antes y un después.

That was a painful episode that marked a turning point.

Idiomatic 'un antes y un después'.

La pérdida de su legado fue un golpe doloroso para la cultura nacional.

The loss of his/her legacy was a painful blow to the national culture.

Metaphorical 'golpe'.

Fue una decisión dolorosa, tomada tras mucha deliberación.

It was a painful decision, made after much deliberation.

Participial phrase 'tomada tras...'.

El autor describe de forma dolorosa la decadencia de la aristocracia.

The author painfully describes the decline of the aristocracy.

Adverbial phrase 'de forma dolorosa'.

Es doloroso reconocer que nuestras ambiciones nos han cegado.

It is painful to recognize that our ambitions have blinded us.

Subordinate clause with 'que'.

La herencia recibida fue más dolorosa que beneficiosa.

The received inheritance was more painful than beneficial.

Comparative adjectives.

La catarsis resultó ser un proceso tan doloroso como liberador.

The catharsis turned out to be a process as painful as it was liberating.

Correlation 'tan... como'.

Se sumergió en una dolorosa introspección que duró meses.

He/she plunged into a painful introspection that lasted months.

Abstract psychological noun.

El fin del imperio fue un proceso lento y doloroso, lleno de traiciones.

The end of the empire was a slow and painful process, full of betrayals.

Historical narrative style.

No hay nada más doloroso que la indiferencia de quien una vez te amó.

There is nothing more painful than the indifference of one who once loved you.

Negative structure 'No hay nada más... que'.

La herida, aunque cerrada, seguía siendo dolorosa al recuerdo.

The wound, though closed, remained painful to the memory.

Concessive 'aunque' and 'al recuerdo' (to memory).

Es una dolorosa paradoja que la paz a veces requiera sacrificios.

It is a painful paradox that peace sometimes requires sacrifices.

Abstract noun 'paradoja' with subjunctive.

Sus memorias son un testimonio doloroso de una época oscura.

His/her memoirs are a painful testimony of a dark era.

Formal noun 'testimonio'.

El desarraigo es, quizás, la experiencia más dolorosa para un exiliado.

Uprooting is, perhaps, the most painful experience for an exile.

Superlative with 'quizás'.

자주 쓰는 조합

proceso doloroso

herida dolorosa

verdad dolorosa

derrota dolorosa

recuerdo doloroso

medida dolorosa

despedida dolorosa

golpe doloroso

situación dolorosa

realidad dolorosa

자주 쓰는 구문

Es doloroso admitirlo

— Used when someone is about to confess something difficult or embarrassing.

Es doloroso admitirlo, pero perdí todo el dinero.

Resulta doloroso ver

— Used to express empathy or sadness about a situation one is observing.

Resulta doloroso ver cómo sufre el animal.

Un pasado doloroso

— Refers to a history involving trauma or hardship.

Ella tiene un pasado doloroso que prefiere no mencionar.

Doloroso al tacto

— Medical phrase meaning it hurts when touched.

¿Es el área inflamada dolorosa al tacto?

Especialmente doloroso

— Adds emphasis to the degree of pain.

Fue especialmente doloroso perder a su mejor amigo.

Tan doloroso como...

— Used for making comparisons between two painful things.

Es tan doloroso como una quemadura.

Algo doloroso de ver

— Something that is hard to watch because it is sad or cringeworthy.

Su actuación fue algo dolorosa de ver.

Doloroso pero cierto

— Equivalent to 'painful but true'.

Es doloroso pero cierto: no nos queda tiempo.

Hacerse doloroso

— To become painful over time.

El trayecto se hizo doloroso debido al frío.

Poco doloroso

— Not very painful; used to reassure someone.

Es un procedimiento poco doloroso, no te preocupes.

자주 혼동되는 단어

doloroso vs doler

'Doler' is a verb (it hurts), while 'doloroso' is an adjective (painful).

doloroso vs doloso

A legal term meaning 'fraudulent' or 'intentional harm'. Don't mix them up!

doloroso vs adolorido

Use 'adolorido' for people who feel sore, 'doloroso' for the thing that causes it.

관용어 및 표현

"Meter el dedo en la llaga"

— Literally 'to put the finger in the wound'. To bring up a painful subject.

No quiero meter el dedo en la llaga, pero ¿qué pasó con tu ex?

informal

"Ser un calvario"

— To be an ordeal or a very painful experience.

El viaje en autobús fue un calvario de diez horas.

neutral

"Doler en el alma"

— To hurt in the soul; to cause deep emotional pain.

Me duele en el alma verte tan triste.

emotional

"Estar en carne viva"

— To be raw; used for physical wounds or extreme emotional sensitivity.

Su herida está en carne viva y es muy dolorosa.

neutral

"Llorar lágrimas de sangre"

— To cry tears of blood; to suffer immensely.

Lloró lágrimas de sangre cuando perdió su negocio.

literary

"Tener el corazón partido"

— To have a broken heart.

Después de la ruptura, tiene el corazón partido.

informal/poetic

"Ser un trago amargo"

— To be a bitter pill to swallow; a painful necessity.

Decirle la verdad a mi padre fue un trago amargo.

neutral

"Hacer de tripas corazón"

— To pluck up courage or to endure a painful situation bravely.

Tuvo que hacer de tripas corazón y seguir adelante.

informal

"Caérsele a uno el mundo encima"

— To feel like the world is falling on you; to experience a painful shock.

Se le cayó el mundo encima cuando supo la noticia.

informal

"Sangrar por la herida"

— To speak out of resentment or because of a past pain.

Habla así porque todavía sangra por la herida.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

doloroso vs adolorido

Both relate to pain.

'Doloroso' is 'pain-causing' (adjective for things). 'Adolorido' is 'in pain/sore' (adjective for people).

El ejercicio fue doloroso, ahora estoy adolorido.

doloroso vs pena

Both relate to suffering.

'Pena' is a noun (sorrow/pity). 'Doloroso' is an adjective.

Me da pena que sea tan doloroso para ti.

doloroso vs molesto

Both describe negative sensations.

'Molesto' is annoying or slightly uncomfortable. 'Doloroso' is actually painful.

El ruido es molesto, pero el golpe es doloroso.

doloroso vs triste

Both describe emotional states.

'Triste' is sad. 'Doloroso' is painful. A movie can be sad without being 'painful'.

Es una historia triste y dolorosa.

doloroso vs agudo

Both describe pain.

'Agudo' is a specific type of sharp pain. 'Doloroso' is a general description.

Tiene un dolor agudo muy doloroso.

문장 패턴

El/La [noun] es doloroso/a.

La inyección es dolorosa.

Fue un/una [noun] muy doloroso/a.

Fue un adiós muy doloroso.

Es doloroso + [infinitive].

Es doloroso perder a un amigo.

Resulta doloroso + [infinitive].

Resulta doloroso ver las noticias.

[Noun], aunque doloroso/a, es...

La verdad, aunque dolorosa, es necesaria.

Lo más doloroso de [noun] es...

Lo más doloroso de la ruptura es la soledad.

De forma/manera dolorosa.

Aprendió la lección de forma dolorosa.

Tan doloroso como [adjective].

Un proceso tan doloroso como necesario.

어휘 가족

명사

dolor (pain)

dolencia (ailment)

doliente (sufferer/mourner)

동사

doler (to hurt)

adolecer (to suffer from)

condolerse (to sympathize)

형용사

doloroso (painful)

adolorido (sore/aching)

doliente (aching/sorrowful)

indoloro (painless)

사용법

frequency

High, especially in emotional and medical discussions.

자주 하는 실수

Mi espalda es dolorosa. → Me duele la espalda.
While 'mi espalda es dolorosa' isn't strictly wrong, it sounds unnatural. Use the verb 'doler' for body parts.
Estoy doloroso. → Estoy adolorido.
Use 'adolorido' to describe a person's state of feeling pain. 'Doloroso' describes the thing causing pain.
Una verdad doloroso. → Una verdad dolorosa.
'Verdad' is a feminine noun, so the adjective must end in '-a'.
Es un sentimiento muy doloso. → Es un sentimiento muy doloroso.
'Doloso' is a legal term for fraud. 'Doloroso' is for pain.
El inyección es doloroso. → La inyección es dolorosa.
Nouns ending in '-ción' are feminine, and the adjective must agree.

팁

Gender Agreement

Don't forget that 'doloroso' must match the noun. Since many abstract nouns ending in '-dad' (like verdad) are feminine, 'dolorosa' is very common.

Use with 'Ser' vs 'Estar'

Stick with 'ser' when describing the nature of an event or thing. Avoid 'estar' with 'doloroso'; use 'estar adolorido' for people.

Poetic Placement

Try placing 'doloroso' before the noun in your writing to add a more emotional or dramatic tone, especially in storytelling.

Empathy in Speech

Using 'Qué doloroso' when someone tells you bad news is a very natural and empathetic response in Spanish.

Describing Pain

If a doctor asks where it hurts, you can say 'Esta parte es dolorosa' while pointing to the area.

Intensity

If something is only slightly painful, use 'un poco doloroso'. If it's extreme, use 'muy doloroso' or 'dolorosísimo'.

Suffix Recognition

The '-oso' suffix usually means 'full of'. Recognizing this helps you guess the meaning of other adjectives like 'ruidoso' (noisy) or 'famoso' (famous).

Abstract Nouns

Pair 'doloroso' with abstract nouns like 'proceso', 'recuerdo', or 'realidad' to improve your descriptive writing.

Pure Vowels

Ensure the 'o' sounds in 'doloroso' are consistent. Spanish vowels don't change like English ones do.

The 'Dolores' Connection

Associate the word with the name 'Dolores' or the English word 'dolorous' (though rare) to keep the meaning of 'sorrowful/painful' in mind.

암기하기

기억법

Think of the word 'Dolor' (pain) and the suffix '-oso' (full of). If something is 'doloroso', it is 'full of dolor'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person touching a bright red, 'doloroso' bruise on their arm while making a sad face.

Word Web

dolor herida tristeza doler adiós médico sufrir lágrima

챌린지

Write three sentences about a 'doloroso' experience you had, one physical, one emotional, and one about a movie or book.

어원

From the Latin word 'dolorosus', which is derived from 'dolor' (pain, grief, sorrow). The Latin root 'dolere' means to feel pain or to grieve.

원래 의미: Full of pain or causing grief.

Romance (Indo-European)

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using 'doloroso' to describe people; it describes situations or things, not a person's character.

English speakers might find 'doloroso' more dramatic than 'painful', which is often used more casually in English.

The 'Misterios Dolorosos' of the Catholic Rosary. The song 'Doloroso' by various Latin artists exploring heartbreak. Literary works like 'Cien años de soledad' where 'doloroso' describes the family's fate.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Medical

¿Es doloroso?
Un pinchazo doloroso
Tratamiento doloroso
Zona dolorosa

Relationships

Ruptura dolorosa
Adiós doloroso
Recuerdo doloroso
Verdad dolorosa

Sports

Derrota dolorosa
Caída dolorosa
Entrenamiento doloroso
Final doloroso

News/Politics

Medidas dolorosas
Realidad dolorosa
Suceso doloroso
Transición dolorosa

Personal Growth

Aprendizaje doloroso
Cambio doloroso
Reconocimiento doloroso
Experiencia dolorosa

대화 시작하기

"¿Cuál ha sido la película más dolorosa que has visto en tu vida?"

"¿Crees que es más doloroso un golpe físico o una mentira?"

"¿Es doloroso para ti mudarte a una ciudad nueva?"

"¿Qué parte de aprender español te resulta más dolorosa o difícil?"

"¿Has tenido alguna vez una despedida muy dolorosa en un aeropuerto?"

일기 주제

Describe una situación dolorosa que te ayudó a crecer como persona y por qué.

Escribe sobre una 'verdad dolorosa' que aprendiste cuando eras niño.

¿Cómo manejas los momentos dolorosos en tu vida diaria? ¿Qué te ayuda a sentirte mejor?

Imagina que eres un médico. Describe un procedimiento doloroso a un paciente de forma amable.

Reflexiona sobre una derrota dolorosa (en deportes o trabajo) y qué lecciones sacaste de ella.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Generally, no. You wouldn't call a person 'doloroso' to mean they are a 'pain'. You would use 'pesado' or 'insoportable'. 'Doloroso' describes the actions or the impact someone has, like 'su partida fue dolorosa'.

'Doloroso' is strictly about pain (physical or emotional). 'Penoso' often implies something that is pitiful, embarrassing, or requires a lot of hard effort. For example, 'un espectáculo penoso' is a pathetic show, not necessarily a painful one.

The most common word is 'indoloro'. You can also say 'sin dolor'. For example, 'una cirugía indolora' or 'un proceso sin dolor'.

Usually, yes. However, in literature or for poetic emphasis, you might see it before the noun: 'la dolorosa realidad'. This makes the adjective sound more intense or subjective.

No, for sore muscles you would say 'estoy adolorido' or 'tengo agujetas' (specifically in Spain). You could say 'el movimiento es doloroso' (the movement is painful).

Metaphorically, yes. Sometimes people say 'fue un precio doloroso' to mean it cost them a lot, not just in money but in effort or sacrifice, but it's not the standard word for 'expensive'.

The adverb is 'dolorosamente'. It means 'painfully'. Example: 'Se dio cuenta dolorosamente de su error'.

It is a single tap 'r', not a rolled 'rr'. Place the tip of your tongue against the roof of your mouth behind your teeth and tap it once quickly.

Yes, it is very common. Doctors will ask '¿Es doloroso?' or describe a 'cuadro doloroso' (a painful condition).

It is considered a B1 level word because while the concept is simple, using it correctly across physical and emotional contexts requires some experience with Spanish.

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