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A2 noun #3,000 가장 일반적인 11분 분량

propaganda

상위 3,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 propaganda 30초 만에

설명 propaganda in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize 'propaganda' as a noun that usually refers to ads or flyers. Think of it as 'the papers in the mailbox'. You don't need to worry about the deep political meanings yet. Just remember that it is feminine: 'la propaganda'. You might see it in a simple sentence like 'Hay mucha propaganda en el buzón' (There is a lot of propaganda/mail in the mailbox). At this stage, focus on the physical object. It is a word you will see on signs or stickers, especially the ones that say 'No se acepta propaganda' (No ads accepted). You can use it when talking about things you see on TV or in the street. It is a long word, but it sounds almost the same as in English, which makes it easy to remember. Just keep in mind that in Spanish, it is often just 'advertising' and not necessarily something bad or scary. You can use it to describe the brochures you get at a tourist office or the flyers for a language school. It is a very useful word for daily life in a Spanish-speaking city because you will encounter it every day in your building's entrance. Try to use it with the verb 'hay' (there is/are) or 'ver' (to see). For example: 'Veo propaganda de un restaurante'. This is a great way to start building your vocabulary with words that look like English but have slightly different everyday uses.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the A2 level, you are beginning to use 'propaganda' in more complete sentences. You should understand that it can mean both commercial advertising and political messages. You will start to use it with verbs like 'repartir' (to distribute) or 'hacer' (to do/make). For example, 'Ellos reparten propaganda en la calle' (They are handing out flyers in the street). You should also be able to describe the propaganda using simple adjectives like 'buena' (good), 'mala' (bad), 'mucha' (much), or 'poca' (little). Remember the gender agreement: 'la propaganda es aburrida'. You might also hear it in the context of 'propaganda electoral' during election times. At this level, you should be able to distinguish between 'propaganda' and 'un anuncio' (an ad). While 'propaganda' is the general term for the material, 'un anuncio' is one specific advertisement you see on a screen or hear on the radio. If you are living in a Spanish-speaking country, you will definitely need this word to talk about the mail or the flyers you see in stores. You can also use it to express your opinion about something being too 'commercial'. For example, 'Esta revista tiene demasiada propaganda'. It's a versatile word that helps you navigate the world of media and marketing at a basic level.

By the B1 level, you should be comfortable using 'propaganda' in more complex contexts, such as discussing the influence of media or the history of a country. You should understand the nuance that while it often means 'advertising', it can also carry the more 'English' meaning of biased political information. You will start to use it with more specific verbs like 'lanzar' (to launch a campaign) or 'creerse' (to believe/fall for). For example, 'No te creas toda la propaganda que ves en internet' (Don't believe all the propaganda you see on the internet). You can also use it in the plural 'propagandas', although the singular is more common for the general concept. At this level, you should be able to talk about 'propaganda engañosa' (misleading advertising) and understand that this is a legal and consumer issue. You might also encounter the word in news reports about international relations or social movements. You should be able to explain why a certain message is considered propaganda. For instance, 'Es propaganda porque solo muestra una parte de la historia'. This level requires you to move beyond the physical flyer and think about the intention of the message. You are also starting to see how 'propaganda' relates to other words like 'publicidad' and 'comunicación'.

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At the B2 level, you should have a clear understanding of the distinction between 'publicidad' (commercial advertising) and 'propaganda' (ideological or political dissemination). You can use the word in debates about ethics, politics, and the power of the media. You should be able to use advanced collocations like 'aparato de propaganda' (propaganda machine) or 'campaña de propaganda masiva'. You can discuss how propaganda is used to shape public opinion or to desensitize a population. For example, 'El gobierno utilizó su aparato de propaganda para legitimar la nueva ley'. You should also be aware of the historical context of the word, including its origins in the Catholic Church and its use during the 20th century. In writing, you can use 'propaganda' to analyze media bias. You might write an essay about how 'la propaganda en las redes sociales afecta a la democracia'. Your vocabulary should also include terms like 'desinformación' and 'manipulación', which often go hand-in-hand with 'propaganda'. You should be able to distinguish between 'white', 'grey', and 'black' propaganda if the context arises. This level involves a high degree of critical thinking about how information is packaged and delivered to the public.

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At the C1 level, you are expected to use 'propaganda' with precision and stylistic variety. You can analyze the subtle differences in how the word is used across different Spanish-speaking regions—for instance, noting that in Argentina, it is the standard word for a TV commercial, whereas in Spain, it might sound more old-fashioned or specifically refer to flyers. You can use the word in academic or professional contexts to discuss 'sociología de la comunicación' or 'estrategias de persuasión'. You should be able to identify and describe 'propaganda subliminal' or 'propaganda institucional'. Your sentences will be more complex: 'La sutil línea que separa la información de la propaganda se ha vuelto casi invisible en la era de la posverdad'. You can also use the word metaphorically or to criticize a lack of substance in a proposal. For example, 'Su discurso fue pura propaganda, sin ninguna propuesta concreta'. You should be familiar with the work of thinkers who have analyzed propaganda and be able to use the term in a sophisticated critique of modern consumer culture or political discourse. You are also expected to handle the word's nuances in literature and high-level journalism.

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At the C2 level, you possess a complete mastery of the word 'propaganda', including its most obscure historical references and its most modern digital applications. You can discuss the 'propaganda fide' origins in detail and relate it to the evolution of modern rhetoric. You can use the term in highly specialized fields like political psychology or semiotics. You understand how 'propaganda' functions as a tool of 'soft power' in international relations. You can write complex analyses of how 'la propaganda algorítmica' creates echo chambers and influences global events. Your use of the word is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You can use it with irony, sarcasm, or extreme technical precision. For instance, 'La arquitectura monumental de la ciudad no era más que propaganda pétrea destinada a glorificar al caudillo'. You are also aware of the legal definitions of propaganda in different jurisdictions and how they relate to freedom of speech. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a conceptual tool that you can use to deconstruct and explain complex social and political phenomena. You can switch effortlessly between the colloquial 'flyer' meaning and the most profound philosophical implications of the word.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

propaganda 30초 만에

Propaganda is a feminine Spanish noun meaning both political propaganda and commercial advertising flyers.
English speakers should be aware of its frequent use as a neutral term for 'ads' or 'junk mail'.
It originates from the Latin 'propagare', meaning to spread or propagate ideas or beliefs.
Commonly paired with verbs like 'repartir' (to distribute) and 'hacer' (to make/do).

The Spanish word propaganda is a fascinating noun that carries a significant amount of weight, though its weight varies depending on the specific cultural and geographical context in which it is used. At its core, propaganda refers to information, ideas, or rumors deliberately spread widely to help or harm a person, group, movement, institution, or nation. In English-speaking countries, the word almost exclusively carries a negative, sinister connotation, often associated with totalitarian regimes, wartime manipulation, or deceptive political campaigns. However, in the Spanish-speaking world, particularly in Spain and parts of Latin America, the term is frequently used in a much more benign, commercial sense. It is very common to hear people use propaganda as a synonym for commercial advertising or marketing materials. For example, the flyers you receive in your mailbox for a local pizza place or a supermarket sale are often referred to as propaganda. This dual identity makes it a classic 'false friend' or 'semi-false friend' for English learners, as the level of intensity intended by the speaker might be much lower than what the learner perceives.

Political Context: In political science and history, it refers to biased communication used to influence an audience and further an agenda, often by presenting facts selectively or using loaded language.

Commercial Context: In everyday Spanish, it is widely used to describe flyers, brochures, and commercial advertisements found in mailboxes or handed out on the street.

El buzón está lleno de propaganda del supermercado local.

Understanding this word requires looking at the intent behind the message. If the message is intended to sell you a product, it is commercial propaganda. If it is intended to change your worldview or vote, it is political propaganda. In modern digital spaces, the word has evolved to include social media campaigns and algorithmic manipulation, where the line between advertising and ideological influence is increasingly blurred. Historically, the term comes from the Vatican's 'Congregatio de Propaganda Fide' (Congregation for Propagating the Faith), established in the seventeenth century to spread Catholicism. This religious origin highlights that the word was not always negative; it simply meant the 'propagation' of a belief system. Over time, and especially during the twentieth-century world wars, the term acquired its current association with manipulation. Despite this, the colloquial Spanish usage remains stubbornly tied to the physical delivery of advertisements.

Durante la guerra, la propaganda se utilizaba para desmoralizar al enemigo.

Buzoneo: This is the specific action of distributing 'propaganda' (flyers) into mailboxes, a very common sight in Spanish cities.

No creas todo lo que dice la propaganda electoral; siempre exageran los logros.

La propaganda estatal intentaba convencer a los ciudadanos de que la economía era estable.

He tirado toda la propaganda de la tienda de muebles porque no necesito nada.

Using propaganda correctly in Spanish involves understanding the verbs it typically pairs with and the grammatical structures that surround it. As a feminine noun, it requires feminine articles and adjectives. One of the most common verbs used with this word is 'hacer' (to do/make). When someone says 'hacer propaganda', they are usually referring to the act of promoting something, whether it is a political party, a product, or even a person's reputation. Another essential verb is 'repartir' (to distribute). This is specifically used for physical flyers. If you see someone on a street corner handing out papers, they are 'repartiendo propaganda'. For the receiving end, we use 'recibir' (to receive). In a more critical or political sense, we use verbs like 'difundir' (to spread/disseminate) or 'lanzar' (to launch). For example, 'El gobierno lanzó una campaña de propaganda para mejorar su imagen internacional'.

Repartir Propaganda: The physical act of handing out advertisements or political leaflets to the public.

Creerse la Propaganda: A common expression meaning 'to fall for the propaganda' or to believe biased information without questioning it.

Los activistas están repartiendo propaganda en la puerta del metro.

In academic or journalistic writing, propaganda often takes modifiers to specify its nature. 'Propaganda electoral' refers to election materials. 'Propaganda engañosa' refers to misleading information. 'Propaganda institucional' refers to government-issued information that is supposed to be neutral but often carries a bias. When discussing the effectiveness of these materials, you might use the adjective 'eficaz' (effective) or 'agresiva' (aggressive). 'La propaganda agresiva de la empresa terminó por molestar a los clientes'. Note that in many Latin American countries, the word 'comercial' is used for TV ads, but 'propaganda' might still be used for the concept of advertising in general.

Esa revista tiene demasiada propaganda y muy poco contenido interesante.

Propaganda Blanca vs. Negra: 'White propaganda' comes from an identified source, while 'black propaganda' purports to come from a different source than the actual one to deceive the audience.

No te dejes influenciar por la propaganda barata de las redes sociales.

La propaganda bélica siempre intenta deshumanizar al otro bando.

¿Podrías tirar esta propaganda a la basura? Es solo basura publicitaria.

You will encounter the word propaganda in a variety of real-world settings, from the mundane to the highly intellectual. In a typical Spanish city, you hear it most often in the context of the 'buzoneo' or the mail. Neighbors might complain about the amount of 'propaganda' clogging up the communal entrance. In this setting, the word is used neutrally, almost like the English word 'junk mail'. However, during an election cycle, the word shifts into a more political gear. You will hear news anchors discussing 'la propaganda electoral' or 'la campaña de propaganda' of various candidates. In these cases, the word describes the posters, TV spots, and social media ads used by political parties. In a more academic or historical setting, such as a museum or a university lecture, propaganda is used to analyze the techniques of persuasion used by historical figures.

News Media: Hear it during political debates or reports on international conflicts where one side accuses the other of spreading 'propaganda'.

Everyday Conversation: Used when talking about the annoying amount of flyers in the mailbox or the constant ads on YouTube.

El telediario analizó la propaganda de guerra de ambos países.

Social media is another modern arena where this word is prevalent. Discussions about 'fake news' often involve the word propaganda to describe the systematic spread of misinformation. You might see a comment on a blog or a tweet saying, 'Esto no es información, es pura propaganda'. This indicates a strong disagreement with the content, labeling it as biased or manipulative. In the workplace, specifically in marketing departments, you might hear 'hacer propaganda de la marca', though 'publicidad' or 'marketing' are the more professional choices. If you visit a historical site like the 'Museo de la Paz' in Guernica, you will see exhibits dedicated to the 'propaganda' used during the Spanish Civil War.

En Argentina, a los anuncios de la tele les dicen propaganda.

Social Media: Used to label biased content or bot-generated political messages.

La propaganda del régimen ocultaba la realidad de la hambruna.

Me molesta que pongan tanta propaganda antes de la película.

El director de la escuela prohibió la propaganda política dentro del recinto.

The most common mistake for English speakers is assuming that propaganda always implies 'evil manipulation'. While it certainly can mean that, you must be careful not to take offense if a Spanish friend asks you to help them with the 'propaganda' for their new business. They are simply asking for help with advertising. Another frequent error is grammatical gender. Because it ends in '-a', many learners correctly identify it as feminine, but they often forget to change the accompanying adjectives. Saying 'el propaganda' or 'propaganda bueno' are common slip-ups. Furthermore, learners often confuse 'propaganda' with 'publicidad'. While they are often used as synonyms in casual speech, in a formal or technical context, 'publicidad' refers to paid commercial space, whereas 'propaganda' refers to the dissemination of ideas or doctrines.

Gender Mismatch: Using 'el' instead of 'la'. Correct: 'La propaganda es efectiva'. Incorrect: 'El propaganda es efectivo'.

Over-interpretation: Assuming a political attack when someone is just talking about a commercial flyer.

Mucha gente confunde la propaganda con la información objetiva.

Another mistake involves the plural form. While 'propagandas' exists, it is much more common to use the singular 'propaganda' as an uncountable noun to refer to the collective body of materials. If you say 'Hay muchas propagandas', it sounds a bit childish or non-native; 'Hay mucha propaganda' is much more natural. Also, be careful with the verb 'propagar'. While 'propaganda' is the noun, 'propagar' means 'to spread' (like a virus or a fire) and is not always used for advertising. If you want to say 'to advertise', use 'anunciar' or 'hacer publicidad'. Finally, avoid using 'propaganda' to mean 'publicity' in the sense of 'fame' or 'media attention'. For that, use 'notoriedad' or 'fama'.

No es propaganda, es un artículo de investigación serio.

False Cognate Trap: Thinking it only means 'political brainwashing'. In Spanish, it often just means 'commercials'.

La propaganda de la película fue tan buena que todos fuimos a verla.

Ese folleto es pura propaganda engañosa; el precio real es el doble.

El político se gastó todo su presupuesto en propaganda personalizada.

To master the use of propaganda, you must know its siblings and cousins in the Spanish language. The most important alternative is publicidad. While often used interchangeably, 'publicidad' is the standard term for the commercial advertising industry. If you work in an agency, you work in 'publicidad'. Another related word is anuncio, which refers to a specific advertisement (a 'commercial' on TV or an 'ad' in a newspaper). If you want to refer to the physical paper flyers, folleto is the most accurate word, though people still say 'propaganda'. For political contexts, you might hear proselitismo, which refers to the attempt to convert someone to a cause or religion, often with a slightly more formal or negative tone.

Publicidad vs. Propaganda: Publicidad is for selling products/services (economic goal). Propaganda is for spreading ideas/ideologies (political/social goal).

Anuncio: A singular advertisement. 'He visto un anuncio muy gracioso'.

La publicidad de esa marca siempre es muy creativa.

Other alternatives include difusión (dissemination), which is a more neutral way to talk about spreading information. Campaña (campaign) is also frequently used alongside 'propaganda'—'campaña de propaganda' or 'campaña publicitaria'. If the information is specifically meant to mislead, you might use desinformación (misinformation). In the context of the internet and social media, the term spam is now universally understood and often replaces 'propaganda' when referring to unwanted digital ads. Finally, promoción is used for temporary offers or the promotion of a specific event. Understanding these nuances will help you choose the right word for the right situation and avoid the pitfalls of using a word that might be too strong or too weak for your intended meaning.

El folleto que me diste tiene toda la información del curso.

Desinformación: Intentionally false or inaccurate information spread as part of a propaganda effort.

Hacer proselitismo en el trabajo puede causar problemas con los compañeros.

La difusión de la noticia fue inmediata gracias a las redes sociales.

Esta promoción solo es válida hasta el final del mes.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word entered common usage through the 'Sacra Congregatio de Propaganda Fide' established by Pope Gregory XV in 1622 to oversee missionary work.

발음 가이드

UK /ˌprɒp.əˈɡæn.də/

US /ˌprɑː.pəˈɡæn.də/

In Spanish: pro-pa-GAN-da. The stress is on the penultimate (second to last) syllable 'gan'.

라임이 맞는 단어

anda banda bufanda manda parranda vianda guirlanda demanda

자주 하는 실수

Stressing the first syllable (PRO-pa-gan-da) like in English.
Pronouncing the 'd' too harshly; in Spanish, it is softer between vowels.
Not pronouncing the final 'a' clearly.
Using an English 'r' instead of the Spanish tapped 'r'.
Making the 'g' sound too breathy; it should be a hard 'g' like in 'go'.

난이도

독해 2/5

Easy to recognize because it is a cognate with English.

쓰기 3/5

Requires remembering the feminine gender and correct spelling (only one 'p' in the middle).

말하기 3/5

Requires correct stress on the 'gan' syllable.

듣기 2/5

Easy to pick out in a sentence due to its distinct sound.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

la política papel votar anuncio

다음에 배울 것

publicidad folleto buzoneo campaña persuasión

고급

adoctrinamiento demagogia retórica manipulación consigna

알아야 할 문법

Gender of nouns ending in -a

La propaganda (feminine).

Adjective agreement

La propaganda es engañosa (both feminine).

Use of 'hay' for existence

Hay mucha propaganda.

Preposition 'de' for origin/topic

Propaganda de política.

Pluralization of nouns

Las propagandas (add -s).

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수준별 예문

Hay mucha propaganda en mi buzón.

There is a lot of propaganda in my mailbox.

Uses 'hay' with 'mucha' (feminine singular).

La propaganda es de un restaurante chino.

The propaganda is from a Chinese restaurant.

Feminine article 'la' and preposition 'de'.

No me gusta la propaganda.

I don't like propaganda.

Negative 'no' with 'me gusta'.

Mira esta propaganda del supermercado.

Look at this propaganda from the supermarket.

Imperative 'mira' and demonstrative 'esta'.

Tiro la propaganda a la basura.

I throw the propaganda in the trash.

Present tense 'tiro' (from tirar).

Es una propaganda muy colorida.

It is a very colorful propaganda.

Adjective 'colorida' matches 'propaganda'.

La propaganda está en la mesa.

The propaganda is on the table.

Uses 'está' for location.

¿Tienes la propaganda de la tienda?

Do you have the propaganda from the store?

Question form with 'tienes'.

Ellos reparten propaganda en la puerta del metro.

They distribute propaganda at the subway entrance.

Verb 'repartir' is commonly used for flyers.

He visto mucha propaganda política hoy.

I have seen a lot of political propaganda today.

Present perfect 'he visto' with adjective 'política'.

La propaganda de esa marca es muy famosa.

The propaganda of that brand is very famous.

Adjective 'famosa' matches the feminine noun.

No quiero recibir más propaganda en casa.

I don't want to receive more propaganda at home.

Infinitive 'recibir' after 'querer'.

Esa propaganda tiene un error de precio.

That propaganda has a price error.

Demonstrative 'esa' matches the noun.

Leí la propaganda mientras esperaba el autobús.

I read the propaganda while I was waiting for the bus.

Preterite 'leí' and imperfect 'esperaba'.

La propaganda dice que hay rebajas.

The propaganda says there are sales.

Verb 'decir' used to report information.

Es una propaganda engañosa, no es verdad.

It is a misleading propaganda, it is not true.

Adjective 'engañosa' (misleading).

El gobierno lanzó una campaña de propaganda masiva.

The government launched a massive propaganda campaign.

Verb 'lanzar' (to launch) and 'campaña de'.

Es difícil distinguir entre información y propaganda.

It is difficult to distinguish between information and propaganda.

Infinitive 'distinguir' and preposition 'entre'.

La propaganda bélica intentaba unir al país.

Wartime propaganda tried to unite the country.

Adjective 'bélica' (related to war).

Muchos ciudadanos se creen la propaganda del régimen.

Many citizens believe the regime's propaganda.

Pronominal verb 'creerse' implies falling for something.

La propaganda electoral inunda las redes sociales.

Election propaganda floods social media.

Verb 'inundar' (to flood) used metaphorically.

Hicieron propaganda de la nueva película por toda la ciudad.

They advertised the new movie all over the city.

Expression 'hacer propaganda de'.

La propaganda puede ser una herramienta muy peligrosa.

Propaganda can be a very dangerous tool.

Modal verb 'poder' with 'ser'.

Analizamos las técnicas de propaganda en clase de historia.

We analyzed propaganda techniques in history class.

Noun phrase 'técnicas de propaganda'.

La propaganda institucional debe ser siempre neutral.

Institutional propaganda must always be neutral.

Adjective 'institucional' refers to government communication.

Se acusan mutuamente de difundir propaganda falsa.

They accuse each other of spreading false propaganda.

Reciprocal 'se acusan' and verb 'difundir'.

La propaganda nazi es un ejemplo de manipulación extrema.

Nazi propaganda is an example of extreme manipulation.

Specific historical reference.

El uso de la propaganda ha evolucionado con la tecnología.

The use of propaganda has evolved with technology.

Present perfect 'ha evolucionado'.

La propaganda subliminal está prohibida en muchos países.

Subliminal propaganda is banned in many countries.

Adjective 'subliminal'.

El aparato de propaganda del estado es muy potente.

The state's propaganda machine is very powerful.

Metaphorical use of 'aparato'.

La propaganda busca apelar a las emociones, no a la razón.

Propaganda seeks to appeal to emotions, not to reason.

Verb 'apelar a'.

No debemos confundir la propaganda con la libertad de expresión.

We should not confuse propaganda with freedom of expression.

Verb 'confundir... con'.

La propaganda se infiltra en los discursos más cotidianos.

Propaganda infiltrates the most everyday speeches.

Pronominal verb 'infiltrarse'.

El análisis de la propaganda requiere un enfoque crítico.

The analysis of propaganda requires a critical approach.

Noun 'enfoque' (approach).

Su campaña fue una obra maestra de la propaganda política.

His campaign was a masterpiece of political propaganda.

Metaphor 'obra maestra' (masterpiece).

La propaganda suele simplificar problemas complejos.

Propaganda usually simplifies complex problems.

Verb 'soler' (to usually do).

Existe una delgada línea entre la persuasión y la propaganda.

There is a thin line between persuasion and propaganda.

Expression 'delgada línea'.

La propaganda de guerra a menudo deshumaniza al enemigo.

War propaganda often dehumanizes the enemy.

Verb 'deshumanizar'.

El estudio de la propaganda es fundamental para la sociología.

The study of propaganda is fundamental for sociology.

Adjective 'fundamental'.

La propaganda religiosa ha moldeado culturas durante siglos.

Religious propaganda has shaped cultures for centuries.

Verb 'moldear' (to shape).

La propaganda algorítmica crea cámaras de eco digitales.

Algorithmic propaganda creates digital echo chambers.

Technical term 'algorítmica'.

Desarticular la propaganda requiere una alfabetización mediática profunda.

Dismantling propaganda requires deep media literacy.

Verb 'desarticular' and term 'alfabetización mediática'.

La arquitectura estalinista funcionaba como propaganda pétrea.

Stalinist architecture functioned as stone propaganda.

Metaphorical adjective 'pétrea' (stony/of stone).

La propaganda se nutre del miedo y la incertidumbre social.

Propaganda feeds on fear and social uncertainty.

Pronominal verb 'nutrirse de'.

El panóptico digital facilita la propagación de propaganda dirigida.

The digital panopticon facilitates the spread of targeted propaganda.

Philosophical term 'panóptico'.

La propaganda no solo informa, sino que construye realidades.

Propaganda does not only inform, but it constructs realities.

Correlative conjunction 'no solo... sino que'.

La eficacia de la propaganda radica en su invisibilidad.

The effectiveness of propaganda lies in its invisibility.

Verb 'radicar en' (to lie in/reside in).

La propaganda contemporánea es fluida y omnipresente.

Contemporary propaganda is fluid and omnipresent.

Adjectives 'fluida' and 'omnipresente'.

자주 쓰는 조합

Propaganda electoral

Repartir propaganda

Propaganda engañosa

Hacer propaganda

Aparato de propaganda

Propaganda institucional

Llenar de propaganda

Campaña de propaganda

Propaganda bélica

Propaganda política

자주 쓰는 구문

Es pura propaganda

— It is nothing but biased information or just an ad.

No le creas, es pura propaganda.

No se acepta propaganda

— A common sign on mailboxes to stop junk mail.

Puse una pegatina que dice: no se acepta propaganda.

Hacerse propaganda

— To promote oneself or brag.

A Juan le encanta hacerse propaganda.

Caer en la propaganda

— To fall for or believe the propaganda.

Mucha gente cayó en la propaganda del gobierno.

Buzoneo de propaganda

— The act of putting flyers in mailboxes.

El buzoneo de propaganda es una técnica antigua.

Propaganda barata

— Low-quality or obvious manipulation.

Eso es propaganda barata para ganar votos.

Vivir de la propaganda

— To rely on image and promotion rather than substance.

Ese artista vive de la propaganda, no de su talento.

Propaganda blanca

— Information from an identified and truthful source.

La propaganda blanca es menos peligrosa.

Propaganda negra

— Information that pretends to be from a source other than the true one.

Usaron propaganda negra para confundir al enemigo.

Guerra de propaganda

— A conflict fought through media and information.

Ambos países están en una guerra de propaganda.

자주 혼동되는 단어

propaganda vs Publicidad

Publicidad is commercial; Propaganda is ideological (though often used interchangeably).

propaganda vs Propagación

Propagación is the physical act of spreading (e.g., a virus); Propaganda is the material spread.

propaganda vs Noticia

Noticia is news (intended to be factual); Propaganda is biased information.

관용어 및 표현

"Darle propaganda a algo"

— To give something visibility or to talk about it a lot.

No le des más propaganda a ese rumor.

Colloquial

"Estar hasta arriba de propaganda"

— To be overwhelmed with advertisements or flyers.

Mi buzón está hasta arriba de propaganda.

Informal

"Vender la moto con propaganda"

— To try to trick someone into buying something using misleading ads.

Me quisieron vender la moto con esa propaganda.

Slang (Spain)

"Ser todo propaganda"

— To have no real substance, only outward show.

Esa empresa es todo propaganda, el servicio es fatal.

Neutral

"Comerse la propaganda"

— To completely believe or swallow the propaganda.

Se comieron toda la propaganda del partido.

Informal

"Hacer propaganda gratuita"

— To promote something without being paid for it.

No quiero hacerles propaganda gratuita a esos tíos.

Colloquial

"Propaganda a bombo y platillo"

— To advertise something with great fanfare.

Anunciaron el evento con propaganda a bombo y platillo.

Idiomatic

"Meter la propaganda con calzador"

— To force an advertisement into a place where it doesn't fit.

Metieron la propaganda con calzador en medio de la película.

Informal

"No necesitar propaganda"

— Something is so good it doesn't need to be advertised.

Ese restaurante es tan bueno que no necesita propaganda.

Neutral

"Propaganda de boca en boca"

— Word of mouth advertising.

La mejor propaganda es la de boca en boca.

Neutral

혼동하기 쉬운

propaganda vs Anuncio

Both refer to advertisements.

Anuncio is a single ad; Propaganda is the collective material or the system of spreading it.

He visto un anuncio de esa propaganda.

propaganda vs Folleto

Both can be paper flyers.

Folleto is the physical object; Propaganda is the content/intent.

Este folleto contiene propaganda del partido.

propaganda vs Comercial

In LatAm, both mean TV ads.

Comercial is specifically for TV/Radio; Propaganda is broader.

Ese comercial es pura propaganda.

propaganda vs Marketing

Both involve promotion.

Marketing is the business strategy; Propaganda is the persuasive communication.

El marketing usa la propaganda para vender.

propaganda vs Buzoneo

Related to receiving propaganda.

Buzoneo is the action of distributing it; Propaganda is the item itself.

El buzoneo de propaganda es molesto.

문장 패턴

La propaganda es [adjective].

La propaganda es roja.

Hay [quantity] propaganda en [location].

Hay mucha propaganda en el buzón.

No te creas la propaganda de [subject].

No te creas la propaganda del gobierno.

Están repartiendo propaganda en [location].

Están repartiendo propaganda en la plaza.

La propaganda busca [verb].

La propaganda busca convencer a los jóvenes.

El uso de la propaganda como [noun]...

El uso de la propaganda como arma política es antiguo.

La eficacia radica en la [noun] de la propaganda.

La eficacia radica en la omnipresencia de la propaganda.

Siendo la propaganda un [noun]...

Siendo la propaganda un catalizador de masas, es peligrosa.

어휘 가족

명사

propagandista (propagandist)

propagación (propagation)

동사

propagar (to propagate/spread)

propagandear (to spread propaganda - rare)

형용사

propagandístico (related to propaganda)

propagado (spread)

사용법

frequency

Very high in daily life and media.

자주 하는 실수

El propaganda → La propaganda
Propaganda is a feminine noun, so it must use the feminine article 'la'.
Propaganda político → Propaganda política
The adjective must agree in gender with the feminine noun 'propaganda'.
Hacer publicidad de una idea política → Hacer propaganda de una idea política
While 'publicidad' works, 'propaganda' is the more precise term for spreading political ideas.
Muchos propagandas → Mucha propaganda
Propaganda is usually treated as an uncountable collective noun in this context.
Using 'propaganda' for 'fame' → Notoriedad / Fama
Propaganda refers to the message, not the state of being well-known.

팁

The Mailbox Culture

In Spain, 'propaganda' is so common that there's usually a dedicated bin for it in the lobby of apartment buildings. Don't be surprised to see it everywhere!

Check the Adjectives

Since 'propaganda' is feminine, make sure you say 'propaganda política' and not 'propaganda político'. This is a very common mistake for beginners.

Publicidad vs. Propaganda

If you are in a professional marketing environment, use 'publicidad'. If you use 'propaganda', people might think you are talking about politics.

Tone Matters

Listen to the speaker's tone. If they sound annoyed, they mean junk mail. If they sound serious or academic, they mean political manipulation.

The Soft 'D'

The 'd' in propaganda is between two vowels (a-n-d-a), so it should be soft. It sounds a bit like the 'th' in the English word 'mother'.

Election Time

During elections, 'propaganda' is everywhere. Look for the word on posters to see it used in a real-world political context.

Avoid Repetition

If you've already used 'propaganda', try using 'folleto' or 'anuncio' to make your writing more varied and natural.

Propagate the Message

Link the word to 'propagate'. You are propagating ideas or products. This helps you remember the meaning and the spelling.

The 'Hacer' Connection

Remember the phrase 'hacer propaganda'. It's the most common way to say someone is promoting something.

Argentina Special

If you are in Argentina, use 'propaganda' for TV commercials. If you use 'anuncio', they will understand you, but 'propaganda' sounds more local.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Propaganda' as 'Propagating an Agenda'. The first part 'Prop-' is like 'Propagate' and the rest sounds like 'Agenda'.

시각적 연상

Imagine a person 'propagating' seeds in a garden, but instead of seeds, they are throwing flyers or ideas into people's minds.

Word Web

Flyer Mailbox Politics Ads Influence Spread Media Bias

챌린지

Go to your mailbox and see if you have any 'propaganda'. If you do, say out loud: 'He recibido mucha propaganda hoy'.

어원

From the modern Latin 'propaganda', which is the feminine gerundive of 'propagare' (to propagate).

원래 의미: The word originally referred to things that are to be spread or propagated.

It is a Romance language word rooted in Latin.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using this word to describe someone's personal beliefs, as it can be seen as an insult, implying they are brainwashed.

English speakers often find it jarring to hear 'propaganda' used for a pizza flyer because the word has such heavy historical baggage in English.

The posters of the Spanish Civil War (Carteles de la Guerra Civil) are world-famous examples of propaganda. Goebbels is often studied in Spanish history classes as the master of 'propaganda nazi'. Modern political campaigns in Spain are often criticized for 'propaganda institucional'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At home

Tira la propaganda.
Hay mucha propaganda.
No leas esa propaganda.
El buzón está lleno.

Elections

Propaganda electoral.
Campaña de propaganda.
Votar por la propaganda.
Buzoneo político.

In a store

¿Tienen propaganda?
Dame un folleto de propaganda.
Mira esta propaganda.
Es una buena propaganda.

In the street

Repartir propaganda.
Coger la propaganda.
No quiero propaganda.
Gracias por la propaganda.

On TV

Quita la propaganda.
Mucha propaganda.
Propaganda aburrida.
Anuncio de propaganda.

대화 시작하기

"¿Te molesta que haya tanta propaganda en el buzón de tu casa?"

"¿Crees que la propaganda política debería estar prohibida en las redes sociales?"

"¿Cuál es la propaganda más creativa que has visto últimamente?"

"En tu país, ¿se usa la palabra 'propaganda' para los anuncios de televisión?"

"¿Alguna vez has comprado algo solo por la propaganda que viste?"

일기 주제

Escribe sobre un momento en el que te sentiste influenciado por la propaganda de una marca o un político.

Describe cómo es la propaganda que recibes habitualmente en tu barrio. ¿Es útil o es basura?

¿Qué diferencias ves entre la información objetiva y la propaganda en los periódicos de hoy?

Imagina que tienes que hacer propaganda para un nuevo producto inventado por ti. ¿Cómo sería?

Reflexiona sobre el papel de la propaganda durante un evento histórico importante que conozcas.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, it is often neutral. In Spain, it frequently just means commercial flyers or advertisements. In Argentina, it is the common word for TV commercials.

Technically, 'publicidad' is for selling products (commercial) and 'propaganda' is for spreading ideas (political/religious). However, in casual speech, they are often used as synonyms.

You can say 'propaganda', 'propaganda-basura', or 'correo no deseado'.

It is always 'la propaganda'. It is a feminine noun.

Not exactly. 'Publicity' in the sense of media attention is 'notoriedad' or 'publicidad'. 'Propaganda' is always about the spread of a specific message.

It means to hand out flyers or brochures to people in the street or put them in mailboxes.

Because people receive so many commercial flyers (propaganda) that they want to prevent their mailboxes from filling up with paper they don't want.

Yes, but its usage varies. In the Southern Cone (Argentina, Uruguay), it is very common for TV ads. In other places, 'publicidad' or 'anuncio' might be more common.

It refers to the posters, flyers, and advertisements used by political parties during an election campaign.

Yes, 'propagandas', but the singular form 'propaganda' is much more common as a collective noun.

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