A1 verb 중립 #1,200 가장 일반적인 3분 분량

Responder

/res.ponˈdeɾ/
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Overview

The Spanish word 'Responder' is a versatile verb meaning 'to answer' or 'to respond.' It is a regular -er verb, which means its conjugations follow a predictable pattern. Understanding 'Responder' is fundamental for expressing communication and interaction in Spanish.

Conjugation:

Here's a breakdown of its conjugations in some common tenses:

  • Present Indicative (Present Tense): Used for actions happening now or habitual actions.
  • Yo respondo (I answer/respond)
  • Tú respondes (You [informal singular] answer/respond)
  • Él/Ella/Usted responde (He/She/You [formal singular] answers/responds)
  • Nosotros/Nosotras respondemos (We answer/respond)
  • Vosotros/Vosotras respondéis (You [informal plural, Spain] answer/respond)
  • Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes responden (They/You [formal plural] answer/respond)
  • Preterite Indicative (Simple Past Tense): Used for completed actions in the past.
  • Yo respondí (I answered/responded)
  • Tú respondiste (You answered/responded)
  • Él/Ella/Usted respondió (He/She/You answered/responded)
  • Nosotros/Nosotras respondimos (We answered/responded)
  • Vosotros/Vosotras respondisteis (You answered/responded)
  • Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes respondieron (They/You answered/responded)
  • Imperfect Indicative (Imperfect Past Tense): Used for ongoing, habitual, or descriptive actions in the past.
  • Yo respondía (I used to answer/was answering)
  • Tú respondías (You used to answer/were answering)
  • Él/Ella/Usted respondía (He/She/You used to answer/was answering)
  • Nosotros/Nosotras respondíamos (We used to answer/were answering)
  • Vosotros/Vosotras respondíais (You used to answer/were answering)
  • Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes respondían (They used to answer/were answering)
  • Future Indicative (Future Tense): Used for actions that will happen.
  • Yo responderé (I will answer/respond)
  • Tú responderás (You will answer/respond)
  • Él/Ella/Usted responderá (He/She/You will answer/respond)
  • Nosotros/Nosotras responderemos (We will answer/respond)
  • Vosotros/Vosotras responderéis (You will answer/respond)
  • Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes responderán (They will answer/respond)

Usage and Context:

'Responder' can be used in various contexts:

  1. 1To Answer a Question: This is perhaps the most common use.
  • ¿Puedes responder a mi pregunta? (Can you answer my question?)
  • Ella siempre responde con sinceridad. (She always answers with sincerity.)

**To Respond to a Call, Email, or Message:**

  • Debo responder al correo electrónico de mi jefe. (I must respond to my boss's email.)
  • Nadie respondió a mi llamada. (No one answered my call.)

**To React or Reply to a Stimulus or Action:**

  • El público respondió con aplausos. (The audience responded with applause.)
  • Mi cuerpo no responde bien a ese medicamento. (My body doesn't respond well to that medicine.)

**To Be Responsible For / To Be Accountable For (less common, but possible with prepositions):**

  • Él responde por sus acciones. (He is responsible for his actions.) - In this sense, 'responder por' means to answer for or to be accountable for.

Common Phrases and Expressions:

  • Responder a algo/alguien: To answer/respond to something/someone.
  • Responder a un mensaje. (To respond to a message.)
  • Responder por algo/alguien: To answer for/be responsible for something/someone.
  • Responder por los daños. (To answer for the damages.)
  • Responder de forma positiva/negativa: To respond positively/negatively.
  • No responder: To not answer/respond, to ignore.

Distinction from other verbs:

While 'responder' broadly means 'to answer' or 'to respond,' sometimes 'contestar' can be used interchangeably, especially when answering questions. However, 'responder' often carries a slightly broader meaning of reacting or giving a reply, not just providing an answer to a direct question. For example, you 'responde' to a stimulus, but you would likely 'contestar' a question directly. In many everyday contexts, they are interchangeable.

예시

1

Tienes que responder a su pregunta.

General conversation

You have to answer his question.

2

¿Podrías responder a mi correo electrónico lo antes posible?

Professional communication

Could you respond to my email as soon as possible?

3

No supo cómo responder a la acusación.

Formal situation

He didn't know how to respond to the accusation.

4

Ella siempre responde con una sonrisa.

Describing someone's reaction

She always responds with a smile.

5

Es importante responder a las necesidades del cliente.

Business context

It's important to respond to customer needs.

자주 쓰는 조합

responder a una pregunta
responder a un mensaje
responder con rapidez
responder por

자주 혼동되는 단어

Responder 대 contestar

Responder is more formal and implies a more complete and thoughtful answer, while contestar can be a quick or simple answer.

문법 패턴

Responder a algo/alguien (To answer something/someone) Responder por algo/alguien (To answer for something/someone - to be responsible for) Responder de algo/alguien (To answer for something/someone - to vouch for)

사용법

사용 참고사항

'Responder' is a versatile verb in Spanish, primarily meaning 'to answer' or 'to respond.' It's a regular -er verb, making its conjugations straightforward. It can be used for answering questions (e.g., 'Necesito responder esta pregunta' - I need to answer this question), responding to messages (e.g., 'Voy a responder al correo electrónico' - I am going to respond to the email), or reacting to situations (e.g., 'Ella respondió con una sonrisa' - She responded with a smile). When referring to answering a phone, 'contestar' is often preferred, though 'responder' is still understood. 'Responder' can also be used in a more formal or official context, such as 'responder a una acusación' (to respond to an accusation) or 'responder por sus acciones' (to answer for one's actions). It typically takes a direct object (what is being answered) or can be used with the preposition 'a' when responding to a person or thing (e.g., 'Responder a la pregunta' or 'Responder al profesor').

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake is confusing 'Responder' with 'Preguntar' (to ask). Remember, 'Responder' is about giving an answer, while 'Preguntar' is about asking a question. Another mistake can be using 'Contestar' interchangeably in all contexts; while often synonymous, 'Responder' can sometimes imply a more formal or considered response.

팁

💡

Usage with prepositions

When 'responder' means 'to answer' a question or 'to respond' to a message, it often doesn't require a preposition in Spanish, unlike in English. For example, 'responder la pregunta' (to answer the question) or 'responder el mensaje' (to respond to the message). However, when referring to responding to someone, 'a' is often used: 'responder a alguien' (to respond to someone).

💡

Distinction from 'contestar'

'Responder' and 'contestar' are often interchangeable when meaning 'to answer' or 'to reply'. However, 'contestar' can sometimes imply a more immediate or direct answer, while 'responder' can be more general. In many contexts, you can use either without a significant change in meaning.

💡

Common phrases

Some common phrases include: 'responder por' (to answer for, to be responsible for), 'responder a un estímulo' (to respond to a stimulus), 'responder afirmativamente/negativamente' (to answer in the affirmative/negative). Context is key to understanding the nuances of 'responder'.

어원

From Old Spanish 'responder', from Latin 'respondēre' ('to answer, to respond'), from 're-' ('back') + 'spondēre' ('to pledge'). Cognate with English 'respond'.

문화적 맥락

In Spanish-speaking cultures, 'Responder' carries significant weight beyond a simple reply. It reflects the value placed on clear communication, politeness, and social engagement. For instance, promptly 'responder' to an invitation or a message is considered a sign of respect and good manners. In professional settings, 'responder' efficiently to emails or inquiries demonstrates professionalism and reliability. There's an expectation in many Spanish-speaking societies that one will 'responder' thoughtfully and engagingly in conversations, contributing to a dynamic exchange rather than just offering monosyllabic answers. The act of 'responder' can also imply taking responsibility or reacting to a situation, highlighting its broader application in daily life and interpersonal interactions. This emphasis on responsive communication fosters strong social bonds and ensures that interactions are perceived as collaborative and respectful.

암기 팁

As-in 'respond-er', Responder sounds like a 'responder' in English, someone who gives a response.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

'Responder' is a Spanish verb that primarily means 'to answer' or 'to respond'. It is a common and versatile verb used in many different contexts, from replying to a question or an email to responding to a call or a situation. It implies giving a reply, an answer, or a reaction to something that has been said, asked, or occurred. This verb is crucial for communication in Spanish.

The verb 'Responder' is a regular -er verb. Here's its conjugation in the present tense: - Yo respondo (I answer/respond) - Tú respondes (You (informal singular) answer/respond) - Él/Ella/Usted responde (He/She/You (formal singular) answers/responds) - Nosotros/Nosotras respondemos (We answer/respond) - Vosotros/Vosotras respondéis (You (informal plural, Spain) answer/respond) - Ellos/Ellas/Ustedes responden (They/You (formal plural) answer/respond)

Certainly! Here are a few examples of 'Responder' in a sentence: - 'Necesito responder a este correo electrónico antes de las cinco.' (I need to answer this email before five o'clock.) - 'Ella siempre responde a mis preguntas con mucha paciencia.' (She always answers my questions with a lot of patience.) - '¿Puedes responder el teléfono, por favor?' (Can you answer the phone, please?) These examples illustrate its use in everyday communication.

Some synonyms and related words for 'Responder' include: - 'Contestar': This is a very common synonym for 'to answer' or 'to reply', often used interchangeably with 'responder'. - 'Replicar': To reply, to retort, often implying a quick or sharp answer. - 'Reaccionar': To react, which is a broader term but can sometimes be a consequence of responding. - 'Contradecir': To contradict, which is a specific way of responding by disagreeing. These words offer different nuances depending on the specific context of the response.

셀프 테스트

fill blank

Yo quiero _______ la pregunta.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

Ella siempre _______ a mis mensajes rápidamente.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

¿Puedes _______ mi llamada?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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