이 페이지를 내 언어로

English

فارسی

العربية

Deutsch

Español

Français

日本語

Português

中文

हिन्दी

A1 noun 9분 분량

zdrowie

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 zdrowie 30초 만에

설명 zdrowie in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'zdrowie' is primarily learned as part of fixed expressions and basic sentences. Learners focus on the nominative form and the highly useful 'Na zdrowie!'. You learn to say that health is important ('Zdrowie jest ważne') and to use it in the context of simple well-wishes. The focus is on recognizing the word in everyday situations like toasts or after a sneeze. You also learn that 'zdrowie' is a neuter noun, which helps in matching it with adjectives like 'dobre' (good) or 'złe' (bad). At this stage, you don't need to worry about complex declensions, just the basic identity of the word and its most common social uses. It's one of the first 500 words most students acquire because of its cultural prominence.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'zdrowie' in more varied grammatical contexts. You learn the genitive form 'zdrowia' because it's required for the verb 'życzyć' (to wish), which is essential for birthday cards and holiday greetings ('Życzę Ci dużo zdrowia'). You also start to use the preposition 'o' with the accusative to talk about taking care of yourself ('Dbam o zdrowie'). You might encounter the word in simple medical dialogues, such as telling a doctor 'Moje zdrowie nie jest najlepsze'. You start to distinguish between 'zdrowie' (the noun) and 'zdrowy' (the adjective). You also learn basic collocations like 'zdrowie psychiczne' (mental health) and 'zdrowie fizyczne' (physical health).

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

By B1, you are expected to use 'zdrowie' fluently in discussions about lifestyle, habits, and the healthcare system. You should be comfortable with all common cases: 'zdrowia', 'zdrowiu', 'zdrowiem'. You can describe the impact of diet and exercise on 'zdrowie' using more complex sentence structures. You learn phrases like 'cieszyć się dobrym zdrowiem' (to enjoy good health) and 'szkodzić zdrowiu' (to be harmful to health). You can participate in conversations about public health issues or personal medical experiences. Your vocabulary expands to include synonyms like 'samopoczucie' and you understand the difference in usage. You can also understand common advice given in health-related articles or TV segments.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At B2, you use 'zdrowie' in abstract and professional contexts. You can discuss the 'służba zdrowia' (healthcare system) in detail, including its challenges and reforms. You understand more idiomatic uses, such as 'końskie zdrowie' (iron health/strong as a horse). You can write essays or give presentations on topics like 'Zdrowie w miejscu pracy' (Health in the workplace). You are familiar with technical terms like 'profilaktyka zdrowotna' (health prevention). Your use of the word is no longer just about personal feeling but about societal and systemic concepts. You can also interpret nuances in literature or high-level journalism where 'zdrowie' might be used metaphorically.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At the C1 level, your understanding of 'zdrowie' includes its philosophical and historical dimensions. You can discuss the evolution of the concept of health in Polish culture. You are comfortable with archaic or highly formal terms related to health. You can navigate complex legal or medical documents where 'zdrowie' appears in specific regulatory contexts. You understand the subtle difference between 'ochrona zdrowia' and 'opieka zdrowotna'. You can use the word in sophisticated rhetorical ways, perhaps in a debate about bioethics or the socio-economic determinants of health. You also recognize and can use rare idioms and proverbs involving the word with native-like precision.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

At C2, you have a complete mastery of 'zdrowie' in every possible register. You can appreciate the word's role in classic Polish poetry and prose. You understand the etymological links to other Slavic languages and how the word's meaning has shifted over centuries. You can switch effortlessly between slang uses and academic discourse. You might use 'zdrowie' in complex puns or wordplay. Your understanding of the cultural weight of 'zdrowie' allows you to use it with perfect emotional resonance in any social situation. You are as comfortable discussing the 'Ministerstwo Zdrowia' as you are using ancient folk sayings about health that most modern speakers might only vaguely recognize.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

zdrowie 30초 만에

Zdrowie means 'health' in Polish and is a neuter noun.
It is used as a toast ('Na zdrowie!') and after someone sneezes.
Commonly used with verbs like 'dbać' (take care) and 'życzyć' (wish).
It is a central cultural value in Poland, often appearing in greetings.

The Polish word zdrowie is one of the most foundational nouns in the Polish language, primarily translating to 'health' in English. It encompasses the state of being free from illness, injury, or pain, but its cultural resonance goes far deeper than a mere medical definition. In Poland, health is viewed as the ultimate wealth, a sentiment echoed in countless proverbs and daily interactions. Whether you are at a formal gala or a casual family dinner, you will encounter this word frequently, often in the context of well-wishes or social rituals.

Medical Context: In a clinical or biological sense, 'zdrowie' refers to the physical and mental condition of an individual. It is used when discussing medical checkups, lifestyle choices, and the general functioning of the human body. For instance, 'zdrowie psychiczne' (mental health) has become an increasingly prominent topic in Polish society.

Moja babcia zawsze powtarza, że zdrowie jest najważniejsze w życiu.

Social Context: Perhaps the most famous use of 'zdrowie' is in the phrase 'Na zdrowie!'. While English speakers say 'Bless you' after a sneeze or 'Cheers' before a drink, Poles use this single phrase for both. It literally means 'To health!', wishing the recipient physical well-being in response to a sneeze or prosperity during a toast.

Kiedy ktoś kicha, Polacy odruchowo mówią: Na zdrowie!

Grammatical Nature: Grammatically, 'zdrowie' is a neuter noun. In Polish, nouns change their endings based on their role in a sentence (cases). You will see it as 'zdrowia' (genitive), 'zdrowiu' (dative), or 'zdrowiem' (instrumental). Understanding these shifts is crucial for moving beyond the basic A1 level.

Piję ten sok dla zdrowia.

On cieszy się dobrym zdrowiem mimo podeszłego wieku.

Życzę ci dużo zdrowia, szczęścia i pomyślności.

In summary, 'zdrowie' is not just a biological state; it is a social lubricant, a common blessing, and a core value in Polish life. From the doctor's office to the pub, knowing how to use this word correctly will help you navigate both the language and the culture with ease. It is a word that connects the physical body with the spirit of the community.

Using zdrowie effectively requires an understanding of Polish declension and common verb pairings. Because it is a neuter noun ending in '-ie', it follows specific patterns that are relatively consistent but essential to master for natural-sounding speech.

The Genitive Case (Dopełniacz): The genitive form is 'zdrowia'. You use this after negation or with verbs like 'życzyć' (to wish) and prepositions like 'dla' (for). This is the most common form you will hear in greetings and well-wishes.

Życzę Ci dużo zdrowia z okazji urodzin!

The Instrumental Case (Narzędnik): The instrumental form is 'zdrowiem'. This is used with the verb 'cieszyć się' (to enjoy/to have) when talking about possessing good health. It is also used after the preposition 'pod' in some idiomatic expressions.

Mój dziadek cieszy się doskonałym zdrowiem.

The Dative Case (Celownik): The dative form is 'zdrowiu'. This is less common but appears after verbs that indicate doing something 'to' or 'for' health's benefit/detriment, or after prepositions like 'ku' (towards).

Palenie papierosów szkodzi zdrowiu.

Wypijmy za twoje zdrowie!

Muszę iść na badania, bo zdrowie mi szwankuje.

Whether you are describing your own state of being or wishing someone else well, pay close attention to the accompanying verbs. 'Zdrowie' is often the object of care, a target of a toast, or the subject of a sentence describing one's physical condition. By practicing these case changes, you will sound much more like a native speaker.

In Poland, zdrowie is omnipresent. You don't need to be in a hospital to hear it; it permeates daily social life, traditional rituals, and modern media. Understanding the specific environments where this word thrives will help you anticipate its meaning and respond appropriately.

Social Gatherings and Toasts: The most common place to hear 'zdrowie' is at a table. Whether it's a wedding, a birthday party, or a Friday night out with friends, 'Na zdrowie!' is the universal signal to take a sip. It's often shouted in unison, creating a sense of camaraderie. You might also hear 'Wasze zdrowie!' (Your health - plural) or 'Twoje zdrowie!' (Your health - singular).

Podnieśmy kieliszki! Za zdrowie młodej pary!

Daily Courtesies: When someone sneezes in a bus, an office, or a classroom, a stranger or a colleague will almost certainly say 'Na zdrowie'. The polite response is 'Dziękuję' (Thank you). This is a deeply ingrained social reflex in Poland.

- Apsik! - Na zdrowie! - Dziękuję bardzo.

Media and Advertising: Polish television and radio are filled with advertisements for supplements and medicines. These ads almost always feature the word 'zdrowie', emphasizing that their product will help you maintain it. You'll hear phrases like 'Dla Twojego zdrowia' (For your health) or 'W trosce o zdrowie' (In care for health).

Ten suplement diety wspiera Twoje zdrowie każdego dnia.

W wiadomościach mówili o nowej reformie służby zdrowia.

Czy dbanie o zdrowie musi być drogie?

From the formal announcements of the health ministry to the informal cheers of a birthday party, 'zdrowie' is a word that bridges all social gaps. It is a constant reminder of what Poles value most: the well-being of themselves and their loved ones.

While zdrowie is a common word, learners often stumble over its grammatical nuances and cultural specificities. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Polish sound more authentic and precise.

Confusing Noun and Adjective: A frequent mistake is using 'zdrowie' (noun - health) when you mean 'zdrowy' (adjective - healthy). You cannot say 'Jestem zdrowie'; you must say 'Jestem zdrowy' (masculine) or 'Jestem zdrowa' (feminine). 'Zdrowie' is the thing you have, not the thing you are.

Błędnie: On jest zdrowie. Poprawnie: On jest zdrowy.

Preposition Errors: 'O' vs 'Na': When you want to say you are taking care of your health, you must use 'o' (about/for) with the accusative case: 'Dbam o zdrowie'. Beginners often try to translate directly from English and say 'Dbam dla zdrowie' or 'Dbam na zdrowie', which are incorrect.

Pamiętaj, żeby dbać o zdrowie zimą.

The 'Na zdrowie' Misunderstanding: While 'Na zdrowie' is used for cheers, it is not used for every celebration. For example, at a wedding, you might toast 'Za zdrowie młodej pary', but the general celebration is 'Sto lat'. Also, never say 'Na zdrowie' when someone coughs; it is strictly for sneezing.

Kiedy ktoś kaszle, nie mówimy „na zdrowie”. Możemy zapytać: Wszystko w porządku?

Nie mówimy „mam dobre zdrowie” tak często jak „cieszę się dobrym zdrowiem”.

Zawsze sprawdzaj pisownię słowa zdrowie, bo błędy ortograficzne są częste.

By keeping these common errors in mind—specifically the noun/adjective distinction, the correct prepositions for care and wishes, and the specific etiquette of 'Na zdrowie'—you will avoid the most frequent mistakes made by English speakers learning Polish.

While zdrowie is the most common word for health, Polish offers several alternatives and related terms that can add nuance to your descriptions of well-being.

Samopoczucie: This refers to 'well-being' or 'how one feels' at a specific moment. While 'zdrowie' is your general state, 'samopoczucie' is more about your current mood and physical feeling. You might have good 'zdrowie' but poor 'samopoczucie' because you didn't sleep well.

Jak Twoje dzisiejsze samopoczucie? Lepiej niż wczoraj?

Kondycja: Used primarily for 'physical condition' or 'fitness'. It’s common in sports contexts. You can be 'zdrowy' (not sick) but have bad 'kondycja' (you get tired easily when running).

Biegam codziennie, żeby poprawić moją kondycję fizyczną.

Higiena: While it means 'hygiene', in Polish, 'higiena życia' (hygiene of life) is a common way to talk about a healthy lifestyle, including sleep, diet, and stress management.

Lekarz powiedział, że muszę zmienić higienę pracy.

Jego stan zdrowia powoli się poprawia po operacji.

Witalność to kolejna cecha, która wiąże się ze zdrowiem.

Understanding these alternatives allows you to be more specific. If you want to talk about your mood, use 'samopoczucie'. If you're talking about your marathon training, use 'kondycja'. But for the broad, essential concept of being well, 'zdrowie' remains your most powerful and versatile tool.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The root is shared with the word 'drzewo' (tree). Ancient Slavs used the metaphor of a strong, straight tree to describe a person in perfect health. This is why the word often implies robustness and structural integrity.

발음 가이드

UK /ˈzdrɔ.vjɛ/

US /ˈzdrɔ.vjɛ/

Penultimate syllable (the 'o' in 'zdrowie').

라임이 맞는 단어

pogłowie panowie lowie rowie glowie owie sitowie pustostanie (partial rhyme)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'rz' as 'z-r' (it's actually 'r' and 'z' separately here, unlike the digraph 'rz' which sounds like 'zh').
Making the 'e' at the end too long (it should be short).
Forgetting to voice the 'z' at the beginning.
Confusing 'zdrowie' with 'zdro-vye' (the 'w' is a 'v' sound).
Misplacing the stress on the first or last syllable.

난이도

독해 1/5

The word is short and appears in very simple contexts.

쓰기 2/5

The 'rz' spelling can be tricky for beginners.

말하기 2/5

Pronouncing the 'z-d-r' cluster requires some practice.

듣기 1/5

Easily recognizable in common social phrases.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

dobry ja być chcieć mieć

다음에 배울 것

lekarz choroba apteka szpital ciało

고급

profilaktyka rehabilitacja diagnoza symptom terapia

알아야 할 문법

Neuter Noun Declension (-ie)

Zdrowie (Nom), Zdrowia (Gen), Zdrowiu (Dat), Zdrowie (Acc), Zdrowiem (Inst), Zdrowiu (Loc).

Genitive with 'Życzyć'

Życzę (komu?) Tobie (czego?) zdrowia.

Instrumental with 'Cieszyć się'

Cieszę się (czym?) dobrym zdrowiem.

Accusative with 'Dbać o'

Dbam o (kogo? co?) zdrowie.

Dative with 'Szkodzić'

To szkodzi (komu? czemu?) zdrowiu.

무료 가입하고 전체 설명 읽기

수준별 예문

Zdrowie jest najważniejsze.

Health is most important.

Zdrowie is the subject (nominative neuter).

Na zdrowie!

Cheers! / Bless you!

A fixed prepositional phrase used as a toast or after a sneeze.

Moje zdrowie jest dobre.

My health is good.

Dobre is the neuter adjective matching 'zdrowie'.

Czy to jest dobre dla zdrowia?

Is this good for health?

Dla (for) takes the genitive case 'zdrowia'.

Piję wodę dla zdrowia.

I drink water for health.

Genitive case 'zdrowia' after the preposition 'dla'.

Twoje zdrowie!

Your health! (Cheers!)

Possessive pronoun 'Twoje' matches neuter 'zdrowie'.

On ma słabe zdrowie.

He has weak health.

Accusative neuter looks the same as nominative.

Dużo zdrowia!

Lots of health! (A wish)

Dużo (a lot of) requires the genitive 'zdrowia'.

Dbam o swoje zdrowie każdego dnia.

I take care of my health every day.

Dbam o + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Życzę Ci dużo zdrowia i szczęścia.

I wish you a lot of health and happiness.

Życzyć requires the genitive case 'zdrowia'.

Muszę iść do lekarza, bo moje zdrowie szwankuje.

I must go to the doctor because my health is failing.

Szwankować is a common verb for health acting up.

Owoce mają dobry wpływ na zdrowie.

Fruits have a good influence on health.

Wpływ na + Accusative ('zdrowie').

On nie pije alkoholu ze względu na zdrowie.

He doesn't drink alcohol due to health.

Ze względu na + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Jakie masz plany, aby poprawić swoje zdrowie?

What plans do you have to improve your health?

Poprawić (to improve) + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Zdrowie psychiczne jest tak samo ważne jak fizyczne.

Mental health is just as important as physical.

Adjectives 'psychiczne' and 'fizyczne' are neuter.

Wypijmy za zdrowie naszej mamy!

Let's drink to our mother's health!

Za (to/for) + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Mój dziadek cieszy się doskonałym zdrowiem mimo wieku.

My grandfather enjoys excellent health despite his age.

Cieszyć się + Instrumental case ('zdrowiem').

Palenie tytoniu bardzo szkodzi zdrowiu.

Smoking tobacco is very harmful to health.

Szkodzić (to harm) + Dative case ('zdrowiu').

W trosce o Państwa zdrowie, wprowadziliśmy nowe zasady.

In care for your health, we have introduced new rules.

W trosce o + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Ona pracuje w sektorze ochrony zdrowia.

She works in the health protection sector.

Ochrony (protection) + Genitive ('zdrowia').

Dbanie o zdrowie to nie tylko dieta, ale i sen.

Taking care of health is not just diet, but also sleep.

Dbanie (taking care) is a gerund.

Jaki jest stan zdrowia pacjenta?

What is the patient's state of health?

Stan (state) + Genitive ('zdrowia').

Stres ma negatywny wpływ na nasze zdrowie.

Stress has a negative impact on our health.

Wpływ na + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Życie w dużym mieście może być wyzwaniem dla zdrowia.

Living in a big city can be a challenge for health.

Dla (for) + Genitive ('zdrowia').

Reforma służby zdrowia jest tematem gorących dyskusji.

The health service reform is a topic of heated discussions.

Służba zdrowia (health service) is a fixed phrase.

On ma końskie zdrowie, nigdy nie choruje.

He has 'horse health' (iron health), he never gets sick.

Końskie zdrowie is an idiom for robust health.

Profilaktyka jest kluczowa dla zachowania zdrowia.

Prevention is key to maintaining health.

Zachowania (maintaining) + Genitive ('zdrowia').

Należy promować zdrowie psychiczne od najmłodszych lat.

Mental health should be promoted from a young age.

Promować (to promote) + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Wypadek ten trwale uszczerbił jego zdrowie.

This accident permanently impaired his health.

Uszczerbić (to impair/damage) + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Zanieczyszczenie powietrza zagraża zdrowiu publicznemu.

Air pollution threatens public health.

Zagrażać (to threaten) + Dative ('zdrowiu').

Ministerstwo Zdrowia wydało nowe rozporządzenie.

The Ministry of Health issued a new regulation.

Proper noun: Ministerstwo Zdrowia.

Pracoholizm może prowadzić do poważnych problemów ze zdrowiem.

Workaholism can lead to serious health problems.

Problemy ze + Instrumental ('zdrowiem').

Zdrowie to nie tylko brak choroby, lecz pełny dobrostan.

Health is not just the absence of disease, but full well-being.

Formal philosophical definition.

Autor analizuje wpływ czynników społecznych na zdrowie populacji.

The author analyzes the influence of social factors on population health.

Academic register.

Jego zdrowie wisiało na włosku po ciężkim wypadku.

His health hung by a thread after a serious accident.

Idiom: wisieć na włosku (to hang by a thread).

Kwestia dostępu do usług ochrony zdrowia jest fundamentalna.

The issue of access to health care services is fundamental.

Ochrony zdrowia (health protection/care).

Subiektywna ocena własnego zdrowia bywa myląca.

Subjective assessment of one's own health can be misleading.

Formal genitive 'zdrowia'.

On poświęcił swoje zdrowie dla kariery zawodowej.

He sacrificed his health for his professional career.

Poświęcić (to sacrifice) + Accusative ('zdrowie').

Edukacja zdrowotna powinna być priorytetem rządu.

Health education should be a government priority.

Zdrowotna is the adjective derived from 'zdrowie'.

Wielu seniorów boryka się z podupadającym zdrowiem.

Many seniors struggle with declining health.

Podupadającym (declining/failing) - participle.

Zdrowie, jako kategoria ontologiczna, wymyka się prostym definicjom.

Health, as an ontological category, eludes simple definitions.

Highly academic/philosophical register.

Szlachetne zdrowie, nikt się nie dowie, jako smakujesz, aż się zepsujesz.

Noble health, no one will find out how you taste until you break down.

Quote from Jan Kochanowski (famous Polish poet).

Systemowe niedomagania służby zdrowia rzutują na pacjentów.

Systemic deficiencies of the health service affect patients.

Advanced vocabulary (niedomagania, rzutują).

Jego tężyzna fizyczna i zdrowie budziły powszechny podziw.

His physical vigor and health aroused widespread admiration.

Tężyzna is a sophisticated synonym for physical strength.

Interdyscyplinarne podejście do zdrowia jest dziś nieodzowne.

An interdisciplinary approach to health is indispensable today.

Nieodzowne (indispensable) - high-level adjective.

Nadużywanie antybiotyków rykoszetem uderza w nasze zdrowie.

Overuse of antibiotics ricochets back and hits our health.

Metaphorical use (rykoszetem).

W dobie pandemii pojęcie zdrowia publicznego zyskało nowy wymiar.

In the era of the pandemic, the concept of public health gained a new dimension.

Formal historical/societal context.

Aksjologia zdrowia stanowi istotny element etyki lekarskiej.

The axiology of health is an essential element of medical ethics.

Specialized philosophical term (aksjologia).

자주 쓰는 조합

dobre zdrowie

zdrowie psychiczne

zdrowie fizyczne

służba zdrowia

ochrona zdrowia

szkodzić zdrowiu

stan zdrowia

promocja zdrowia

podupadać na zdrowiu

wracać do zdrowia

자주 쓰는 구문

Na zdrowie!

— Used as 'Cheers' during a toast or 'Bless you' after a sneeze.

Kiedy kichnąłem, wszyscy powiedzieli: Na zdrowie!

Dużo zdrowia!

— A common wish for birthdays, holidays, or when someone is ill.

Z okazji imienin życzę Ci dużo zdrowia!

Zdrowie najważniejsze.

— A popular saying meaning 'Health is the most important thing'.

Nie martw się pieniędzmi, zdrowie najważniejsze.

Pić czyjeś zdrowie.

— To toast to someone's health.

Wypijmy zdrowie gospodarza!

W zdrowym ciele zdrowy duch.

— A sound mind in a sound body.

Codziennie ćwiczę, bo w zdrowym ciele zdrowy duch.

Szlachetne zdrowie...

— A reference to a famous poem by Jan Kochanowski about the value of health.

Jak pisał Kochanowski: 'Szlachetne zdrowie, nikt się nie dowie...'

Dbać o zdrowie.

— To take care of one's health.

Warto dbać o zdrowie, póki się je ma.

Końskie zdrowie.

— To have very strong health (iron health).

Mój wujek ma końskie zdrowie, nigdy nie był u lekarza.

Podupadać na zdrowiu.

— To suffer from declining health.

Niestety, babcia zaczęła podupadać na zdrowiu.

Zdrowie mi nie pozwala.

— My health doesn't allow me (to do something).

Chciałbym pojechać w góry, ale zdrowie mi nie pozwala.

자주 혼동되는 단어

zdrowie vs zdrowy

This is the adjective 'healthy'. Use it to describe people or food, not the concept of health itself.

zdrowie vs zdrówko

This is a diminutive, informal version used almost exclusively for toasts among friends.

zdrowie vs uzdrowienie

This means 'recovery' or 'healing', usually from a specific illness, rather than general health.

관용어 및 표현

"Mieć końskie zdrowie"

— To be extremely healthy and robust, rarely getting sick.

On może pracować na mrozie cały dzień, ma końskie zdrowie.

informal

"Zdrowie jak dzwon"

— To be as healthy as a bell (perfectly healthy).

Byłem u lekarza i powiedział, że mam zdrowie jak dzwon.

informal

"Wisieć na włosku"

— When health is in a very precarious, dangerous state.

Po wypadku jego zdrowie wisiało na włosku.

neutral

"Tryskać zdrowiem"

— To be bursting with health and energy.

Dzieci wróciły z wakacji tryskając zdrowiem.

informal

"Wyjść komuś na zdrowie"

— To turn out well for someone's health or general benefit.

Ta przeprowadzka na wieś wyszła mu na zdrowie.

neutral

"Zdrowie to skarb"

— Health is a treasure (it is very valuable).

Pamiętaj, że zdrowie to skarb, którego nie kupisz.

neutral

"Szanuj zdrowie"

— Respect your health (take care of yourself).

Nie pracuj tyle, szanuj zdrowie!

neutral

"Zdrowie za wszelką cenę"

— Health at any cost.

Będzie szukał ratunku wszędzie, zdrowie za wszelką cenę.

neutral

"Podupaść na zdrowiu"

— To experience a decline in health.

Zbyt ciężka praca sprawiła, że podupadł na zdrowiu.

neutral

"Mieć zdrowie do czegoś"

— To have the patience or physical stamina for something.

Nie mam już zdrowia do tych jego kłótni.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

zdrowie vs samopoczucie

Both relate to how a person feels.

Zdrowie is the objective state of being well; samopoczucie is the subjective feeling of well-being at a specific time.

Mam dobre zdrowie, ale dzisiaj mam złe samopoczucie.

zdrowie vs kondycja

Both relate to physical state.

Kondycja refers to fitness, stamina, or the physical state of an object; zdrowie is the absence of disease.

On jest zdrowy, ale nie ma kondycji do biegania.

zdrowie vs higiena

Related to maintaining health.

Higiena refers to cleanliness and practices that prevent disease; zdrowie is the result.

Higiena rąk pomaga zachować zdrowie.

zdrowie vs tężyzna

Both imply being 'well'.

Tężyzna is a more formal, literary word specifically for physical vigor and strength.

Imponował nam swoją tężyzną fizyczną.

zdrowie vs forma

Both used to describe being 'good'.

Forma is informal and usually refers to being 'in shape' or 'ready' for a task.

Jestem w dobrej formie przed meczem.

문장 패턴

[Noun/Pronoun] + jest + [Adjective].

Zdrowie jest ważne.

Dbam o + [Accusative].

Dbam o zdrowie.

Życzę + [Dative] + [Genitive].

Życzę Ci zdrowia.

Cieszę się + [Instrumental].

Cieszę się zdrowiem.

[Subject] + szkodzi + [Dative].

Palenie szkodzi zdrowiu.

W trosce o + [Accusative].

W trosce o zdrowie pacjentów.

[Subject] + rzutuje na + [Accusative].

Stres rzutuje na zdrowie.

[Noun] + jako kategoria + [Adjective].

Zdrowie jako kategoria etyczna.

어휘 가족

명사

uzdrowienie (healing/recovery)

uzdrowiciel (healer)

zdrowotność (healthiness/salubrity)

uzdrowisko (health resort/spa)

동사

zdrowieć (to get better/to recover)

wyzdrowieć (to fully recover)

uzdrawiać (to heal)

pozdrawiać (to greet/to send regards)

형용사

zdrowy (healthy)

zdrowotny (health-related)

prozdrowotny (pro-health)

niezdrowy (unhealthy)

사용법

frequency

Extremely high; top 500 words in Polish.

자주 하는 실수

Jestem zdrowie. → Jestem zdrowy / zdrowa.
You cannot 'be' the noun 'health'. You must use the adjective 'healthy'.
Życzę Ci zdrowie. → Życzę Ci zdrowia.
The verb 'życzyć' requires the genitive case.
Dbam dla zdrowie. → Dbam o zdrowie.
The phrase 'to take care of health' uses the preposition 'o' with the accusative.
Na zdrowie! (after a cough) → Wszystko w porządku?
In Poland, 'Na zdrowie' is only for sneezing, never for coughing.
To jest ważne dla zdrowiu. → To jest ważne dla zdrowia.
The preposition 'dla' always takes the genitive case.

팁

Master the Genitive

Since you will wish people health very often in Poland, memorize 'zdrowia' (the genitive form) immediately. It follows 'życzę' and 'dużo'.

Eye Contact

When saying 'Na zdrowie!' during a toast, it is polite to make eye contact with the person you are clinking glasses with.

Sport to zdrowie

This is a very common Polish slogan. Use it when talking about your hobbies or why you go to the gym.

The Soft 'W'

The 'wi' in 'zdrowie' makes the 'w' sound soft, almost like there is a tiny 'y' sound before the 'e'. Practice saying 'vye'.

Sneeze Etiquette

If you sneeze and someone says 'Na zdrowie', the only correct response is 'Dziękuję'. It shows you acknowledge their kind wish.

Public vs Private

In Poland, you might hear 'prywatna ochrona zdrowia' (private healthcare) vs 'NFZ' (the public health fund). Both relate to 'zdrowie'.

Zdrowie jak dzwon

Use this phrase to boast about your great health. It sounds very native and idiomatic.

Check the 'rz'

Always remember the 'r' in 'zdrowie'. If you forget it, the word looks completely wrong to a Pole.

Listen for 'Zdrówko'

In casual settings, you'll hear 'Zdrówko!' more than 'Na zdrowie!'. It's the cute, diminutive version.

Mental Health

Don't be afraid to use 'zdrowie psychiczne'. It is a perfectly normal and respected term in modern Polish conversations.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'DROW' (from fantasy) who is surprisingly 'Z' (zen) and 'WIE' (wise) because of his great 'ZDROWIE' (health).

시각적 연상

Imagine a giant, ancient oak tree (related to the root) with a glass of water next to it, and a 'Na zdrowie!' sign hanging from a branch.

Word Web

lekarz szpital dieta sport życie szczęście siła woda

챌린지

Try to use 'zdrowie' in three different cases today: 'Na zdrowie' (Accusative), 'Życzę zdrowia' (Genitive), and 'Dbam o zdrowie' (Accusative).

어원

From Proto-Slavic *sъdorvьje, which is a derivative of *sъdorvъ (healthy/strong).

원래 의미: Being of good wood/tree; strong and firm like a tree.

Indo-European > Balto-Slavic > Slavic > West Slavic > Polish.

문화적 맥락

Be sensitive when discussing health in formal settings; however, wishing 'dużo zdrowia' is almost always appropriate and appreciated.

Unlike 'Bless you' which is religious in origin, 'Na zdrowie' is secular and focused on physical well-being. 'Cheers' is for drinking, while 'Na zdrowie' covers both.

Fraszka 'Na zdrowie' by Jan Kochanowski (16th century). The 'Ministerstwo Zdrowia' (Ministry of Health) public service announcements. The phrase 'W zdrowym ciele zdrowy duch' (Latin: Mens sana in corpore sano).

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At a party

Na zdrowie!
Twoje zdrowie!
Wypijmy za zdrowie gospodarza.
Wasze zdrowie!

At the doctor

Mój stan zdrowia się pogorszył.
Chcę zrobić badania dla zdrowia.
Jakie mam szanse na powrót do zdrowia?
Zdrowie mi szwankuje.

Social etiquette

Na zdrowie! (after sneeze)
Dziękuję, nawzajem.
Dużo zdrowia życzę.
Szybkiego powrotu do zdrowia.

Lifestyle discussions

Zdrowie jest najważniejsze.
Sport to zdrowie.
Dbam o zdrowie psychiczne.
To nie jest dobre dla zdrowia.

Formal/News

Reforma służby zdrowia.
Ministerstwo Zdrowia informuje.
Ochrona zdrowia publicznego.
Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia.

대화 시작하기

"Jak dbasz o swoje zdrowie w czasie zimy?"

"Czy uważasz, że zdrowie psychiczne jest w Polsce tematem tabu?"

"Co jest dla Ciebie ważniejsze: zdrowie czy kariera?"

"Jakie zdrowe nawyki starasz się wprowadzać do swojego życia?"

"Czy polska służba zdrowia działa Twoim zdaniem sprawnie?"

일기 주제

Opisz, co robisz każdego dnia, aby dbać o swoje zdrowie fizyczne i psychiczne.

Napisz o sytuacji, w której Twoje zdrowie było dla Ciebie największym wyzwaniem.

Zinterpretuj przysłowie 'W zdrowym ciele zdrowy duch' na przykładzie własnego życia.

Dlaczego Polacy tak często życzą sobie 'dużo zdrowia' przy każdej okazji?

Opisz swoją idealną dietę i styl życia, który zapewniłby Ci doskonałe zdrowie.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It literally means 'To health'. It is the standard Polish toast (like 'Cheers') and the standard response when someone sneezes (like 'Bless you'). It's one of the most useful phrases for a beginner.

Neither. 'Zdrowie' is a neuter noun. You can tell by the '-ie' ending. This means adjectives matching it will end in '-e', such as 'dobre zdrowie'.

You use the adjective 'zdrowy' (masculine) or 'zdrowa' (feminine). For example: 'Jestem zdrowy'. You do not say 'Jestem zdrowie'.

The most common way is to say 'Dużo zdrowia!' or 'Życzę Ci dużo zdrowia!'. Note that 'zdrowia' is in the genitive case because of the verb 'życzyć'.

No, in Poland 'Na zdrowie' is only used for sneezing. If someone coughs, it's better to say nothing or ask if they need water ('Czy chcesz wody?').

It translates to 'health service'. It is the general term for the healthcare system, hospitals, and medical professionals in Poland.

'Na zdrowie' is the general toast. 'Za zdrowie [kogoś]' is used when you want to specify who you are toasting, e.g., 'Za zdrowie młodej pary' (To the health of the young couple).

Yes, 'zdrowie psychiczne' is the standard term for mental health and is used frequently in modern Polish.

It's an idiom meaning 'horse health'. It describes someone who is exceptionally strong, robust, and never gets sick.

The plural is 'zdrowia', but it is very rarely used. You might see it in 'różne zdrowia' (different types of health), but 99% of the time, the singular is sufficient.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기