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B1 adverb #2,500 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

باورنکردنی

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'bāvar-nakardanī' yourself, but you might hear it. Think of it as a very strong 'very, very, very good' or 'very, very, very surprising.' In Persian, we usually use simple words like 'khayli' (very). But when something is so big or so surprising that 'khayli' is not enough, people say 'bāvar-nakardanī.' For example, if you see a giant cake, you might say 'In khayli bozorg ast!' (This is very big!). An Iranian might say 'In bāvar-nakardanī ast!' (This is unbelievable!). Just remember that 'bāvar' means 'belief.' So, 'bāvar-nakardanī' means you almost cannot believe it because it is so special. You can use it at the end of a sentence: 'In ghazā bāvar-nakardanī ast!' (This food is unbelievable!). It's a great word to show you are very excited. Don't worry about the long spelling; just listen for the 'bāvar' sound at the start. It's a word of emotion!
At the A2 level, you are starting to describe things in more detail. 'Bāvar-nakardanī' is a useful word to replace 'khayli' when you want to sound more like a native speaker. You can use it to describe your day or a trip. For example, 'Safar-e mā bāvar-nakardanī bud' (Our trip was unbelievable). You are learning how to connect words with the 'Ezafe' (the -e sound). When you use this word with a noun, remember the -e: 'yek film-e bāvar-nakardanī' (an unbelievable movie). This word is made of two parts: 'bāvar' (belief) and 'nakardanī' (not to be done). It's like saying 'not-believable.' You will hear this a lot on TV or when people talk about the weather if it's very hot or very cold. It's a 'level 2' adjective. Instead of just saying 'The weather is bad,' you can say 'The weather is unbelievably bad' (Havā be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī bad ast). This shows you have a better vocabulary.
As a B1 learner, 'bāvar-nakardanī' should become a regular part of your vocabulary. You are now expected to express opinions and describe events with more intensity. This word is perfect for that. You should understand that it functions as both an adjective and an adverb. For example, as an adjective: 'U yek tajrobe-ye bāvar-nakardanī dāsht' (He had an unbelievable experience). As an adverb: 'U bāvar-nakardanī zibā minevisad' (She writes unbelievably beautifully). Notice how the word doesn't change its ending when it becomes an adverb; Persian is often simpler than English in this way. You should also start noticing the word in news headlines. It's often used to describe statistics or surprising political moves. It's a bridge word that takes you from basic descriptions to more advanced, expressive Persian. Practice using it with 'be shakl-e' to make it sound more formal: 'Be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī movaffagh shod' (He succeeded in an unbelievable way).
At the B2 level, you should be able to distinguish 'bāvar-nakardanī' from its synonyms like 'shegeft-angīz' or 'heyrat-āvar.' While 'bāvar-nakardanī' focuses on the cognitive difficulty of accepting a fact, 'shegeft-angīz' focuses on the wonder of it. You should also be comfortable using it in complex sentences. For instance, 'Inke u tavānest dar yek sāl se zabān yād begirad, vāghean bāvar-nakardanī ast' (The fact that he could learn three languages in one year is truly unbelievable). You can also use it to express skepticism or irony. If someone tells a lie that is too obvious, you might say 'Che dāstān-e bāvar-nakardanī-yi!' with a sarcastic tone. You should also be aware of its nominalized form 'bāvar-nakardanī-hā' (the unbelievable things/events). At this level, you are not just using the word; you are playing with its nuances and using it to add flavor and emphasis to your arguments in both speaking and writing.
At the C1 level, you should analyze 'bāvar-nakardanī' through a linguistic and stylistic lens. You understand the gerundive suffix '-anī' and how it creates a sense of potentiality or necessity (like 'didani' or 'khordani'). You can use 'bāvar-nakardanī' in academic or literary contexts to describe phenomena that challenge existing paradigms. For example, in a sociological essay, you might write about 'tahavvolāt-e bāvar-nakardanī dar sākh-tār-e khānevāde' (unbelievable transformations in the family structure). You also recognize the word's role in Persian rhetoric—how it functions as a 'hyperbole' (mubāleghe) to engage the reader's emotions. You should be able to use it in a variety of registers, from the colloquial 'Vāy, bāvar-nakardanie!' to the highly formal 'In amr be gūne-yi bāvar-nakardanī bar ravand-e bāzār tasīr gozāsht.' You are now a master of the word's placement, using it to create rhythm and emphasis in your prose.
At the C2 level, 'bāvar-nakardanī' is a tool for precision and stylistic flair. You understand its historical roots and how it compares to classical Persian terms for wonder. You can use it to discuss philosophical concepts—things that are 'beyond belief' in an ontological sense. You might use it to critique a piece of literature, noting how the author uses 'bāvar-nakardanī' elements to create a sense of magical realism. Your usage is indistinguishable from a highly educated native speaker. You know when *not* to use it to avoid cliché, opting instead for even more specific terms like 'ghābel-e emtenā' or 'ghayr-e motaraqqebe' when the context demands. You can also use it in complex puns or wordplay. For you, the word is no longer just a vocabulary item; it's a thread in the vast tapestry of Persian expression, used with intentionality to evoke specific psychological states in your audience.
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

باورنکردنی 30초 만에

  • A versatile Persian word meaning 'unbelievable' or 'incredibly,' used to express high levels of surprise or intensity in various contexts.
  • Formed from 'bāvar' (belief) and 'nakardanī' (not to be done), it functions as both an adjective and an adverb without changing form.
  • Commonly found in sports commentary, news reports, and daily storytelling to emphasize extraordinary feats, shocking events, or extreme qualities.
  • A key vocabulary item for B1 learners to move beyond basic intensifiers like 'khayli' and express more nuanced emotional and factual reactions.

The Persian word باورنکردنی (bāvar-nakardanī) is a powerhouse of a word, functioning primarily as an adjective that frequently slides into adverbial roles. At its core, it is a compound formed from the noun bāvar (belief/faith) and the negative gerundive form of the verb kardan (to do/to make). When we say something is bāvar-nakardanī, we are literally saying it is 'not-to-be-believed' or 'incapable of being believed.' This word captures the essence of shock, awe, and cognitive dissonance when reality exceeds the boundaries of our expectations. In the B1 level of the CEFR framework, learners transition from simple descriptors like 'very good' (khayli khub) to more nuanced emotional descriptors like this one.

Morphological Breakdown
Bāvar (Noun: Belief) + na (Negative prefix) + kardan (Verb root: to do) + ī (Suffix for potentiality/adjectivization).
Semantic Range
Covers everything from 'unbelievable' and 'incredible' to 'staggering' and 'extraordinary'.
Syntactic Function
Can modify a noun directly (an adjective) or modify the intensity of an action or another adjective (an adverb).

In Persian culture, the concept of 'belief' is deeply tied to 'heart' and 'certainty.' Therefore, calling something bāvar-nakardanī isn't just a statement about facts; it's an emotional reaction. It is used in sports when a player scores a goal from the halfway line, in politics when an unexpected event occurs, and in daily life when a friend shares a shocking story. The word carries a weight that simpler words like ajib (strange) do not possess. It implies that the evidence is there, but the mind is struggling to process it.

سرعت پیشرفت او در یادگیری زبان باورنکردنی است.

— Translation: The speed of his progress in language learning is unbelievable.

Historically, the root bāvar traces back to Middle Persian vār, relating to truth and trust. By adding the suffix -anī, the Persian language creates a 'gerundive of possibility.' This is a productive feature in Persian (e.g., didani - worth seeing, khordani - edible). Thus, bāvar-nakardanī is structurally 'un-believable-able.' This linguistic precision allows speakers to distinguish between something that is simply 'false' (dorugh) and something that is 'true but shocking' (bāvar-nakardanī).

قیمت‌ها به شکل باورنکردنی بالا رفته است.

او یک داستان باورنکردنی برای من تعریف کرد.

منظره‌ی قله کوه باورنکردنی بود.

تلاش او برای موفقیت باورنکردنی است.

Intensity Level
High. Use it when 'very' (khayli) isn't enough.
Common Pairing
Often paired with 'shakl' (form) as in 'be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī' (in an unbelievable way).

Using باورنکردنی correctly requires an understanding of Persian sentence structure, particularly the 'Ezafe' construction and the placement of adverbs. While in English 'unbelievable' and 'unbelievably' have different suffixes, in Persian, the single form bāvar-nakardanī serves both purposes, though its position and the surrounding particles might change.

1. As an Adjective (Modifying a Noun)

When it modifies a noun, it usually follows the noun and is connected by the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound). For example, 'an unbelievable story' becomes dāstān-e bāvar-nakardanī. In this role, it describes a quality of the object. It is common in literature, news, and descriptive speech.

  • Example: Shans-e bāvar-nakardanī (Unbelievable luck).
  • Example: Ghodrat-e bāvar-nakardanī (Unbelievable power).

2. As an Adverb (Modifying a Verb or Adjective)

To use it as an adverb, you have two main paths. You can use it directly before an adjective: bāvar-nakardanī garm (unbelievably hot). Alternatively, and more formally, you can use the preposition 'be' (to/in) and 'shakl' (form/way): be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī. This latter form is very common in written Persian and formal broadcasts.

Havā be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī sard shod.

(The weather became unbelievably cold.)

3. Position in the Sentence

Unlike some Persian adverbs that are flexible, bāvar-nakardanī tends to stay close to the word it modifies. If it's acting as a predicate adjective (The news was unbelievable), it comes at the end before the verb: Khabar bāvar-nakardanī bud.

In conversational Persian, the 'n' in 'nakardanī' is clearly pronounced, and the 'ī' at the end is long. In some dialects, the 'a' sounds might shift slightly, but the word remains universally understood across Iran, Afghanistan (Dari), and Tajikistan (Tajik).

You will encounter باورنکردنی in a variety of contexts, ranging from the highly formal to the excitedly informal. It is a favorite of journalists and storytellers because it immediately injects drama into a narrative.

1. Sports Broadcasting

Persian sports commentators are famous for their passion. When a footballer performs a miracle on the pitch, you will hear: 'Yek gol-e bāvar-nakardanī!' (An unbelievable goal!). It is used to describe feats of athleticism that defy logic.

2. News and Current Affairs

In news reports, especially those covering natural disasters, scientific breakthroughs, or economic shifts, the word is used to emphasize the scale of an event. 'Afzāyesh-e bāvar-nakardanī-ye gheymat-ha' (The unbelievable increase in prices) is a phrase unfortunately common in economic reporting.

3. Social Media and Vlogs

On platforms like Instagram or YouTube, Persian influencers use bāvar-nakardanī as clickbait or to express genuine surprise. '10 unbelievable places in Iran' would be '10 makān-e bāvar-nakardanī dar Irān.'

Vāghean bāvar-nakardanī-ye ke in ettefāgh oftāde!

(It's really unbelievable that this has happened!)

4. Daily Gossip and Storytelling

When Iranians share 'shab-neshini' (evening gatherings) stories, this word acts as a seasoning. It validates the listener's shock. If someone tells you they saw a celebrity at the local bakery, you might respond with 'Bāvar-nakardani-ye!' to show engagement.

Even intermediate learners can stumble when using باورنکردنی. Here are the most frequent pitfalls and how to avoid them.

1. Misusing the Negative Prefix

Some learners accidentally say bāvar-kardanī when they mean unbelievable. While bāvar-kardanī is technically a word (meaning 'believable'), it is rarely used. The standard word for 'believable' is ghābel-e bāvar. Remember: bāvar-nakardanī is the standard for 'unbelievable,' but 'believable' usually takes a different structure.

2. Overusing it for Simple Things

Because it's a strong word, using it for mundane things can sound sarcastic or non-native. If a tea is just 'good,' don't call it bāvar-nakardanī unless it's truly the best tea you've had in your life. For everyday goodness, stick to āli (excellent) or khayli khub (very good).

3. Confusion with 'Ajib'

Ajib means 'strange' or 'weird.' While something unbelievable is often strange, the reverse isn't always true. Bāvar-nakardanī implies a scale of magnitude or a shock to one's belief system, whereas ajib just means it's unusual.

Incorrect: In ghazā bāvar-nakardanī ast (when you just mean it's tasty).

Correct: In ghazā khayli khoshmaze ast.

4. Ezafe Omission

When describing a noun, forgetting the Ezafe is a common error. It must be dāstān-E bāvar-nakardanī, not dāstān bāvar-nakardanī. The link is essential for the grammar to hold together.

Persian is rich with synonyms for 'unbelievable,' each carrying a slightly different flavor. Understanding these nuances will elevate your Persian from B1 to B2/C1.

حیرت‌آور (Heyrat-āvar)
Literally 'astonishment-bringing.' This is more formal and focuses on the feeling of wonder or amazement. Use this for scientific discoveries or artistic masterpieces.
شگفت‌انگیز (Shegeft-angīz)
Meaning 'wonderful' or 'amazing.' It has a more positive connotation than bāvar-nakardanī. You'd use this for a beautiful sunset or a brilliant performance.
خارق‌العاده (Khāregh-ol-āde)
An Arabic loanword meaning 'extraordinary' (literally: tearing the habit). It implies something that breaks the laws of nature or common practice.
غیرقابل‌تصور (Gheyr-e ghābel-e tasavvor)
Meaning 'unimaginable.' This is even stronger than unbelievable. It suggests that the mind cannot even form a picture of the event.

When choosing between these, consider the source of the 'unbelievability.' Is it because it's so good (shegeft-angīz), so strange (ajib), so shocking (bāvar-nakardanī), or so superior (khāregh-ol-āde)?

تفاوت بین باورنکردنی و شگفت‌انگیز در بار معنایی مثبت یا منفی آن‌هاست.

— Note: The difference lies in the positive or negative emotional load.

In summary, bāvar-nakardanī is the most versatile. It can be used for a tragic accident or a lottery win. The other synonyms are often more specialized. As a B1 learner, mastering bāvar-nakardanī gives you a 'Swiss Army knife' word for expressing high-intensity reactions.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

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비격식체

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속어

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난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

1

این کیک باورنکردنی است!

This cake is unbelievable!

Simple subject + adjective + verb.

2

او خیلی سریع است، باورنکردنی!

He is very fast, unbelievable!

Used as an exclamation.

3

خانه آن‌ها باورنکردنی بزرگ است.

Their house is unbelievably big.

Adverbial usage before an adjective.

4

یک ماشین باورنکردنی دیدم.

I saw an unbelievable car.

Adjective modifying a noun with Ezafe.

5

قیمت این لباس باورنکردنی است.

The price of this dress is unbelievable.

Predicate adjective.

6

او یک دوست باورنکردنی است.

He is an unbelievable friend.

Positive connotation.

7

هوا باورنکردنی گرم است.

The weather is unbelievably hot.

Adverbial usage.

8

این خبر باورنکردنی بود.

This news was unbelievable.

Past tense.

1

ما یک سفر باورنکردنی به شمال داشتیم.

We had an unbelievable trip to the north.

Noun + Ezafe + Adjective.

2

غذای این رستوران باورنکردنی خوشمزه است.

The food at this restaurant is unbelievably delicious.

Adverbial usage modifying 'khoshmaze'.

3

او به شکل باورنکردنی مهربان است.

He is unbelievably kind.

Using 'be shakl-e' for adverbial form.

4

تیم ما یک بازی باورنکردنی انجام داد.

Our team played an unbelievable game.

Adjective modifying 'bāzi'.

5

داستان زندگی او باورنکردنی است.

His life story is unbelievable.

Subject is a compound noun.

6

او باورنکردنی بلند می‌خندد.

She laughs unbelievably loudly.

Adverb modifying another adverb/verb.

7

این هتل امکانات باورنکردنی دارد.

This hotel has unbelievable facilities.

Plural noun + adjective.

8

امروز ترافیک باورنکردنی بود.

The traffic was unbelievable today.

Describing a situation.

1

تغییرات شهر در این چند سال باورنکردنی بوده است.

The city's changes in these few years have been unbelievable.

Present perfect tense.

2

او با سرعتی باورنکردنی پروژه را تمام کرد.

He finished the project with unbelievable speed.

Prepositional phrase with adjective.

3

واقعاً باورنکردنی است که او هنوز نیامده.

It's truly unbelievable that he hasn't come yet.

Impersonal construction with 'ke' clause.

4

این فیلم پایان باورنکردنی‌ای داشت.

This movie had an unbelievable ending.

Indefinite 'i' attached to the adjective.

5

او به شکلی باورنکردنی از آن حادثه جان سالم به در برد.

He survived that accident in an unbelievable way.

Complex adverbial phrase.

6

قدرت حافظه او باورنکردنی است.

His memory power is unbelievable.

Abstract noun as subject.

7

آن‌ها با یک مشکل باورنکردنی روبرو شدند.

They faced an unbelievable problem.

Verb 'rooberoo shodan' with 'ba'.

8

پیشرفت تکنولوژی در این دهه باورنکردنی است.

Technology's progress in this decade is unbelievable.

Formal subject.

1

شواهد ارائه شده در دادگاه باورنکردنی به نظر می‌رسید.

The evidence presented in court seemed unbelievable.

Passive/Seeming verb 'be nazar residan'.

2

او با مهارتی باورنکردنی توانست بحران را مدیریت کند.

With unbelievable skill, he was able to manage the crisis.

Adverbial phrase at the start for emphasis.

3

اینکه چطور آن همه پول را گم کرد، باورنکردنی است.

How he lost all that money is unbelievable.

Noun clause as subject.

4

او به طرز باورنکردنی‌ای در کارش دقیق است.

He is unbelievably precise in his work.

Using 'be tarz-e' + adjective + 'i'.

5

نتایج آزمایش‌ها برای دانشمندان باورنکردنی بود.

The test results were unbelievable for the scientists.

Indirect object with 'barāye'.

6

او یک استعداد باورنکردنی در موسیقی دارد.

He has an unbelievable talent in music.

Noun + Ezafe + Adjective.

7

این موفقیت برای او یک رویای باورنکردنی بود.

This success was an unbelievable dream for him.

Metaphorical usage.

8

جمعیت حاضر در ورزشگاه باورنکردنی به نظر می‌آمد.

The crowd present in the stadium seemed unbelievable.

Descriptive predicate.

1

تحلیل‌های او از اوضاع سیاسی، عمقی باورنکردنی دارد.

His analyses of the political situation have an unbelievable depth.

Formal noun phrase.

2

او با صبری باورنکردنی به تمام انتقادات گوش داد.

With unbelievable patience, he listened to all the criticisms.

Adverbial of manner.

3

این کشف علمی، دریچه‌ای باورنکردنی به سوی آینده گشود.

This scientific discovery opened an unbelievable window to the future.

Literary/Academic style.

4

پیچیدگی این نرم‌افزار به شکلی باورنکردنی بالاست.

The complexity of this software is unbelievably high.

Abstract subject with adverbial modifier.

5

او در مواجهه با سختی‌ها، شجاعتی باورنکردنی از خود نشان داد.

In facing hardships, he showed unbelievable courage.

Compound verb 'neshān dādan'.

6

تأثیر این کتاب بر جامعه باورنکردنی بوده است.

The impact of this book on society has been unbelievable.

Present perfect for ongoing impact.

7

او با دقتی باورنکردنی جزئیات صحنه را توصیف کرد.

With unbelievable precision, he described the details of the scene.

Formal adverbial usage.

8

این حجم از فساد در یک سازمان دولتی باورنکردنی است.

This volume of corruption in a government organization is unbelievable.

Critical/Formal tone.

1

تقارن موجود در این بنای تاریخی، ظرافتی باورنکردنی را به نمایش می‌گذارد.

The symmetry in this historical building displays an unbelievable delicacy.

High-level vocabulary and structure.

2

او با ذکاوتی باورنکردنی، خلأهای قانونی را شناسایی کرد.

With unbelievable wit, he identified the legal loopholes.

Specific professional context.

3

توالی حوادث به گونه‌ای باورنکردنی منجر به سقوط امپراتوری شد.

The sequence of events unbelievably led to the fall of the empire.

Historical narrative style.

4

او در اشعارش، پیوندی باورنکردنی میان عرفان و واقعیت ایجاد کرده است.

In his poems, he has created an unbelievable link between mysticism and reality.

Literary analysis.

5

وسعت این کهکشان به قدری است که برای ذهن بشر باورنکردنی می‌نماید.

The vastness of this galaxy is such that it seems unbelievable to the human mind.

Philosophical/Scientific register.

6

او با استقامتی باورنکردنی در برابر فشارهای سیاسی ایستادگی کرد.

With unbelievable stamina, he stood up against political pressures.

Political rhetoric.

7

این نظریه، با وجود مخالفت‌های اولیه، به شکلی باورنکردنی پذیرفته شد.

This theory, despite initial opposition, was unbelievably accepted.

Complex sentence with parenthetical phrase.

8

ظرفیت مغز انسان برای یادگیری، امری باورنکردنی و بی‌پایان است.

The capacity of the human brain for learning is an unbelievable and endless matter.

Definitive academic statement.

자주 쓰는 조합

داستان باورنکردنی
سرعت باورنکردنی
قدرت باورنکردنی
قیمت باورنکردنی
شانس باورنکردنی
تغییر باورنکردنی
صبر باورنکردنی
دقت باورنکردنی
پایان باورنکردنی
پیروزی باورنکردنی

자주 쓰는 구문

واقعاً باورنکردنیه!

به شکل باورنکردنی

یک اتفاق باورنکردنی

باورنکردنی به نظر می‌رسد

چیز باورنکردنی‌ای دیدم

باورنکردنی اما واقعی

در کمال باورنکردنی بودن

یک تجربه باورنکردنی

باورنکردنی است که...

به طرز باورنکردنی

자주 혼동되는 단어

باورنکردنی vs باورکردنی

Means 'believable' (the opposite).

باورنکردنی vs عجیب

Means 'strange' but not necessarily 'unbelievable'.

باورنکردنی vs دروغ

Means 'a lie', whereas unbelievable can be true.

관용어 및 표현

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혼동하기 쉬운

باورنکردنی vs

باورنکردنی vs

باورنکردنی vs

باورنکردنی vs

باورنکردنی vs

문장 패턴

사용법

formality

Acceptable in all registers.

intensity

It is stronger than 'ajib' (strange).

versatility

Works for both good and bad surprises.

자주 하는 실수
  • Saying 'bāvar-kardanī' for unbelievable.
  • Forgetting the Ezafe in 'dāstān-e bāvar-nakardanī'.
  • Using it for very minor, non-surprising things.
  • Mispronouncing the 'na' as 'no'.
  • Confusing it with 'dorugh' (lie).

팁

Expand your range

Try using 'heyrat-āvar' for scientific things and 'bāvar-nakardanī' for personal stories.

Ezafe check

Always remember the 'e' sound when connecting it to a noun.

Reaction word

Use it as a standalone 'Bāvar-nakardanie!' to sound very natural.

Adverbial form

In essays, use 'be gūne-yi bāvar-nakardanī' for a C1/C2 level feel.

Context clues

If you hear 'bāvar', expect something surprising to follow.

Hyperbole

Don't be surprised if Iranians use this for things that aren't *that* shocking.

The '-ani' suffix

Learn other words like 'didani' (worth seeing) to remember the pattern.

Stress

Put the stress on the very last syllable 'nī'.

Pairing

It pairs well with 'vāghean' (really) for extra emphasis.

Not 'bi-bavar'

Never say 'bi-bavar'; it's not a standard word.

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어원

문화적 맥락

Essential for following Persian football commentary.

Used in modern prose to describe surreal or shocking plot points.

Using this to describe a host's food is a major compliment.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"آخرین خبر باورنکردنی که شنیدی چی بود؟"

"تا حالا یک اتفاق باورنکردنی برات افتاده؟"

"کدوم جای ایران به نظرت باورنکردنی قشنگه؟"

"آیا به نظرت پیشرفت هوش مصنوعی باورنکردنی نیست؟"

"یک داستان باورنکردنی از دوران بچگی‌ت تعریف کن."

일기 주제

امروز یک اتفاق باورنکردنی افتاد که...

اگر یک قدرت باورنکردنی داشتم، آن قدرت...

توصیف یک منظره باورنکردنی که دیده‌ام.

چرا بعضی چیزها برای ما باورنکردنی هستند؟

یک موفقیت باورنکردنی در زندگی من این بود که...

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It can be both. As an adjective, it follows the noun. As an adverb, it precedes an adjective or verb.

Yes, you can use it for a 'bāvar-nakardanī' accident or tragedy.

Use 'be shakl-e bāvar-nakardanī' or 'be tarz-e bāvar-nakardanī'.

The root is 'bāvar' which means belief or faith.

No, but in slang, people might use other words like 'khafan' or 'ajib'.

No, the adjective form stays the same: 'dāstānhā-ye bāvar-nakardanī'.

Yes, just like in English, tone can make it sarcastic.

Yes, though modern Persian uses it more than classical poetry.

It's a short 'a' sound, like 'na' in 'nap'.

Yes, Dari speakers use this word frequently.

셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

Perfect score!

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