Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use the present participle (-ta hua) to describe a person or object in the middle of an action.
- Add -ta hua to the verb root for masculine singular subjects (e.g., 'sota hua baccha').
- Add -ti hui to the verb root for feminine singular subjects (e.g., 'gati hui ladki').
- The participle must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes.
Overview
while doing or the one who is doing:
rota hua baccha (the crying child), hasTi hui ladki (the laughing girl). It agrees in gender/number with the noun it modifies.Meanings
This construction turns a verb into an adjective to describe a noun currently engaged in that action.
Ongoing Action
Describes a noun performing an action at the moment of observation.
“हँसता हुआ आदमी (The laughing man)”
“लिखती हुई छात्रा (The writing student)”
Participle Agreement Table
| Noun Gender/Number | Suffix | Auxiliary | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| Masculine Singular | -ta | hua | sota hua |
| Feminine Singular | -ti | hui | soti hui |
| Masculine Plural | -te | hue | sote hue |
| Feminine Plural | -ti | hui | soti hui |
| Oblique Case (Any) | -te | hue | sote hue |
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Affirmative | Verb-ta hua + Noun | khelta hua baccha |
| Negative | Verb-ta hua + Noun (with nahi) | na khelta hua baccha |
| Plural | Verb-te hue + Noun | khelte hue bacche |
| Oblique | Verb-te hue + Noun | khelte hue baccho ko |
| Feminine | Verb-ti hui + Noun | khelti hui bacchi |
격식 수준 스펙트럼
हँसता हुआ पुरुष (Describing a person)
हँसता हुआ आदमी (Describing a person)
हँसता हुआ बंदा (Describing a person)
हँसता हुआ लौंडा (Describing a person)
Participle Agreement Map
Masculine
- ta hua Singular
Feminine
- ti hui Singular
Plural
- te hue Plural
수준별 예문
सोता हुआ बच्चा।
The sleeping child.
हँसती हुई लड़की।
The laughing girl.
रोता हुआ लड़का।
The crying boy.
गाता हुआ पक्षी।
The singing bird.
मैंने एक दौड़ता हुआ कुत्ता देखा।
I saw a running dog.
वह नाचती हुई लड़की मेरी बहन है।
That dancing girl is my sister.
क्या तुम उस काम करते हुए आदमी को जानते हो?
Do you know that working man?
वे पढ़ते हुए बच्चे हैं।
They are studying children.
सड़क पर चलते हुए लोगों को देखो।
Look at the people walking on the road.
किताब पढ़ती हुई छात्रा बहुत शांत है।
The student reading the book is very quiet.
मैंने चाय पीते हुए दोस्तों से बात की।
I talked to friends while drinking tea.
वह गाना गाती हुई महिला मेरी माँ है।
That woman singing the song is my mother.
पेड़ से गिरते हुए पत्तों को देखना अच्छा लगता है।
It feels good to watch leaves falling from the tree.
वह अपनी बात कहते हुए रो पड़ी।
She started crying while saying her piece.
बाज़ार में सामान बेचते हुए दुकानदार बहुत व्यस्त थे।
The shopkeepers selling goods in the market were very busy.
हवा में उड़ते हुए पक्षियों का नज़ारा सुंदर है।
The view of birds flying in the air is beautiful.
अपनी मेहनत का फल पाते हुए उसे बहुत गर्व महसूस हुआ।
He felt very proud while receiving the fruit of his hard work.
वह हमेशा मुस्कुराते हुए बात करती है।
She always talks while smiling.
भीड़ में धक्का खाते हुए हम स्टेशन पहुँचे।
We reached the station while getting pushed in the crowd.
वह अपनी गलतियाँ सुधारते हुए आगे बढ़ रहा है।
He is moving forward while correcting his mistakes.
जीवन की कठिन परिस्थितियों से जूझते हुए भी वह अडिग रहा।
He remained steadfast even while struggling with the difficult circumstances of life.
वह अपनी बात को तर्कपूर्ण ढंग से रखते हुए सभा को संबोधित कर रहा था।
He was addressing the assembly while presenting his point logically.
सपनों की दुनिया में खोते हुए उसने समय का ध्यान नहीं रखा।
Lost in the world of dreams, he did not keep track of time.
वह अपनी कला को निखारते हुए नई ऊँचाइयों को छू रहा है।
He is touching new heights while refining his art.
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners mix 'raha hai' (is doing) with '-ta hua' (the doing).
Both involve verb roots.
Both use -ta.
자주 하는 실수
sota hui ladka
sota hua ladka
soti hua ladki
soti hui ladki
sota ladka
sota hua ladka
sote hue ladka
sota hua ladka
daudte hue ladki
daudti hui ladki
khelta hue bacche
khelte hue bacche
padhta hua kitab
padhti hui kitab
sote hue ladke ko dekha (when subject is singular)
sote hue ladke ko dekha (oblique)
vah gaata hua hai
vah gaa raha hai
khelte hue baccho
khelte hue baccho ko
vah rote hue gaya
vah rota hua gaya
문장 패턴
मैंने एक ___ देखा।
___ आदमी मेरा दोस्त है।
क्या तुम उस ___ को जानते हो?
___ नज़ारा बहुत सुंदर है।
Real World Usage
हँसते हुए दोस्तों के साथ फोटो।
मैं काम करते हुए तुम्हें कॉल करूँगा।
मैं एक काम करती हुई टीम का हिस्सा था।
सड़क पर चलते हुए लोगों से रास्ता पूछें।
खाना बनाते हुए शेफ की फोटो।
एक रोता हुआ बच्चा जंगल में मिला।
Gender Check
Don't confuse with progressive
Oblique case
Natural speech
Smart Tips
Always check the gender of the person first.
Remember that plural nouns always take '-te hue' or '-ti hui'.
If you see 'ko' or 'se', always use '-te hue'.
Use this to add descriptive flavor to your narrative.
발음
Hua/Hui
The 'h' is aspirated. Ensure the 'ua' is a smooth diphthong.
Rising-Falling
हँसता हुआ ↗ आदमी ↘
Used when pointing out someone.
암기하기
기억법
Think of 'hua' as a 'hook' that attaches the action to the person.
시각적 연상
Imagine a boy with a 'ta' sticker on his shirt and a 'hua' hat, running. A girl has a 'ti' sticker and a 'hui' hat.
Rhyme
Ta hua for the boy, Ti hui for the girl, Te hue for the group, In the Hindi world.
Story
I saw a dancing girl (naachti hui ladki). She was happy. Then I saw a running boy (daudta hua ladka). They were both playing.
Word Web
챌린지
Describe 3 people you see right now using this rule.
문화 노트
Commonly used in daily speech to describe people in crowds.
Derived from Sanskrit present participles.
대화 시작하기
क्या तुमने उस रोते हुए बच्चे को देखा?
बाज़ार में काम करते हुए लोगों को देखकर कैसा लगा?
क्या तुम नाचती हुई लड़की को जानते हो?
पेड़ से गिरते हुए पत्तों को देखकर क्या याद आता है?
일기 주제
Test Yourself
वह ___ (sota) बच्चा मेरा भाई है।
___ (naachti hui / naachta hua) लड़की बहुत सुंदर है।
Find and fix the mistake:
वह दौड़ता हुआ लड़की है।
लड़का रो रहा है। (The crying boy)
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
मैंने ___ (padhte hue) छात्रों को देखा।
___ (girte hue / girta hua) पत्तों को देखो।
Find and fix the mistake:
वह काम करते हुए लोग हैं।
Score: /8
연습 문제
8 exercisesवह ___ (sota) बच्चा मेरा भाई है।
___ (naachti hui / naachta hua) लड़की बहुत सुंदर है।
Find and fix the mistake:
वह दौड़ता हुआ लड़की है।
लड़का रो रहा है। (The crying boy)
Match: (1) Ladka (2) Ladki (3) Bacche
मैंने ___ (padhte hue) छात्रों को देखा।
___ (girte hue / girta hua) पत्तों को देखो।
Find and fix the mistake:
वह काम करते हुए लोग हैं।
Score: /8
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Use '-te hue' for masculine plural and '-ti hui' for feminine plural.
No. Progressive is 'is doing' (raha hai). Participle is 'the doing' (ta hua).
Use it for masculine plural, or whenever the noun is in the oblique case.
Yes, most verbs work perfectly with this construction.
'Hua' acts as a participle marker, whereas 'hai' is the verb 'to be'.
It is neutral and used in all registers.
Gender agreement. Always check if the noun is masculine or feminine.
Absolutely, it's very common in literature and news.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Participio presente
Hindi requires gender agreement; Spanish gerunds do not.
Participe présent
French participle is invariable; Hindi is not.
Partizip I
German is highly inflected for case/gender; Hindi is simpler.
Te-iru form
Japanese is a verb form; Hindi is an adjectival form.
Ism al-fa'il
Arabic is a noun/adjective; Hindi is a participle.
正在 (zhengzai)
Chinese has no conjugation; Hindi is highly inflected.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
관련 동영상
08:24 Instagram Funny Comments 😂 | Viral Social Media Reactions & Comedy Entertainment 2025
22:30 The Middle Class Family Drama | Short Film | M2R Entertainment
08:27 Urvashi vs Rajiv Egg Fight 🍳- Bigg Boss - Big Brother Universe
Hindi Participles: Present Participle (-ta hua)
Learn Hindi with Anil
Present Participle as Adjective in Hindi
Hindi University
Related Grammar Rules
남에게 일 시키기: 제2 사동사 (-vana)
### Overview 힌디어 학습 과정에서 B1 레벨로 진입하면서 가장 흥미롭고도 까다로운 문법 중 하나가 바로 '사동사(Causative V...
해야 할 수도 & 할 수 있을지도: 조동사 결합 (सकना, पड़ना, पाना)
### Overview 힌디어 학습의 고급 단계(C1)에 도달하면, 단순히 사실을 전달하는 것을 넘어 화자의 심리적 태도, 의무의 강도,...
동사 연결하기: 원하다, 시작하다, 하게 하다 (Control & Raising)
Overview 힌디어에서는 피자가 너무 먹고 싶으면 '원하다'라는 동사가 당신이 아니라 *피자*의 성별을 따라간다는 사실, 알고 계...
힌디어 조동사 연결: 여러 개의 조동사 겹쳐 쓰기 (Chaining)
### Overview 힌디어 학습에서 C1 레벨에 도달했다는 것은 단순히 의사소통이 가능한 수준을 넘어, 언어의 미묘한 뉘앙스와 복합...
힝글리시 매트릭스: 힌디어 속 영어 동사 사용법 (करना / होना)
Overview 자막 없이 넷플릭스에서 발리우드 영화를 본 적 있나요? 아마 동사의 절반은 알아들었다는 사실을 깨달았을 겁니다. 이...
