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न तो...न

A2 conjunction #2,000 가장 일반적인 12분 분량

न तो...न

Neither...nor.

상위 2,000

At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic sentence structures and simple vocabulary. The concept of 'न तो...न' (neither...nor) might seem slightly advanced, but it is introduced as a fixed phrase to express basic dislikes or negative choices. A1 learners focus on using it with simple, concrete nouns. For example, when talking about food, a learner might say 'मुझे न तो सेब पसंद है न केला' (I like neither apple nor banana). The focus is purely on vocabulary acquisition and understanding that this specific combination of words means that both options are a 'no'. Grammar rules regarding verb agreement are generally kept simple, usually defaulting to the most basic forms to avoid overwhelming the beginner. The primary goal is communicative competence in highly predictable, everyday situations, such as expressing preferences or stating what one does not have. Teachers at this level often use visual aids, showing pictures of two items and crossing both out to visually represent 'न तो...न'. Repetition and rote learning of common phrases using this conjunction are key strategies for A1 learners to internalize its basic function before moving on to more complex grammatical rules in later stages.

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At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'न तो...न' beyond simple nouns to include verbs and adjectives, allowing for more descriptive and varied sentences. They begin to understand the importance of parallel structure—that if 'न तो' is followed by a verb, 'न' must also be followed by a verb. For instance, 'वह न तो पढ़ता है न लिखता है' (He neither reads nor writes). This level also introduces the basic rules of subject-verb agreement when using this conjunction. Learners are taught that the verb typically agrees with the subject closest to it. This requires a better grasp of Hindi gender and number rules. A2 learners practice using 'न तो...न' in contexts like describing daily routines, talking about weather ('आज न तो गर्मी है न सर्दी'), or discussing simple plans. The focus shifts from merely memorizing phrases to actively constructing original sentences. They also learn to distinguish it from 'या तो...या' (either...or), understanding the opposite meanings these structures convey. Exercises often involve combining two negative sentences into one cohesive sentence using 'न तो...न', which helps solidify their understanding of its coordinating function.

At the B1 level, the usage of 'न तो...न' becomes more nuanced and integrated into broader conversational contexts. Learners are expected to use it spontaneously to express opinions, give reasons, and describe more abstract concepts. They move beyond simple physical objects and actions to negating ideas or qualities. For example, 'यह फिल्म न तो मनोरंजक थी न शिक्षाप्रद' (This film was neither entertaining nor educational). B1 learners also tackle more complex verb agreement scenarios, such as mixing singular and plural subjects or subjects of different genders. They learn the subtleties of when to use a plural masculine verb as a default versus strict agreement with the nearest subject. Furthermore, they begin to encounter and use 'न तो...न' with various postpositions, understanding how to correctly place postpositions to maintain grammatical accuracy (e.g., 'मैंने न तो राम को देखा न श्याम को'). At this stage, learners are also exposed to slightly more formal registers where this conjunction is frequently used, such as in news reports or simple articles, improving their reading comprehension and ability to write more sophisticated paragraphs.

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At the B2 level, learners demonstrate a high degree of fluency and accuracy in using 'न तो...न'. They can seamlessly incorporate it into complex, multi-clause sentences without losing track of parallel structure or verb agreement. They use it confidently in professional and academic settings to articulate arguments, analyze situations, and present balanced (albeit negative) viewpoints. For example, 'प्रबंधन ने न तो हमारी माँगें मानीं न ही कोई विकल्प दिया' (Management neither accepted our demands nor provided any alternative). B2 learners are also aware of stylistic variations, such as dropping the 'तो' in informal speech ('न यह, न वह') while strictly adhering to the full form in formal writing. They can comprehend native speakers using this conjunction at natural speeds, even when embedded in rapid, colloquial dialogue. The focus at this level is on refining usage, ensuring that the conjunction is used not just correctly, but naturally and appropriately according to the context and register. They also learn to use it rhetorically for emphasis in debates or persuasive writing, demonstrating a deeper, more intuitive grasp of Hindi syntax.

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At the C1 level, the use of 'न तो...न' is characterized by near-native proficiency and stylistic elegance. Learners use it effortlessly in highly abstract, complex, and specialized discourses. They can manipulate the structure to create specific rhetorical effects, such as emphasizing the absolute lack of options in a philosophical or political discussion. For example, 'इस जटिल समस्या का न तो कोई सरल समाधान है न ही कोई त्वरित उपाय' (This complex problem has neither a simple solution nor a quick fix). C1 learners are fully comfortable with the most intricate rules of verb agreement and postposition placement, even in sentences with multiple embedded clauses. They can appreciate the rhythmic and poetic qualities of 'न तो...न' in Hindi literature and poetry. Furthermore, they can effortlessly switch between 'न तो...न' and related structures like 'नहीं...और न ही' depending on the precise shade of meaning or emphasis they wish to convey. At this level, the conjunction is a fully integrated tool in their extensive linguistic repertoire, used with precision and sophistication.

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At the C2 level, mastery of 'न तो...न' is absolute. The learner's usage is indistinguishable from that of an educated native speaker. They employ it instinctively across all possible contexts, from the most casual slang to the highest registers of academic, legal, or literary Hindi. They understand the historical and etymological nuances of negation in Hindi and can play with the structure for creative or humorous effect. In literary analysis or advanced writing, they use 'न तो...न' to craft perfectly balanced, parallel sentences that demonstrate a profound command of Hindi syntax and stylistics. They can easily identify and correct subtle errors in parallelism or agreement that even native speakers might occasionally make. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'न तो...न' is not just a grammatical rule to be followed, but a flexible, powerful instrument for precise, elegant, and impactful communication in the Hindi language.

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न तो...न 30초 만에

Means 'Neither...nor'.
Connects two negative options.
Requires parallel grammar structure.
Do not use extra 'नहीं' (not).

The Hindi correlative conjunction 'न तो...न' (na to...na) is the direct equivalent of the English phrase 'neither...nor'. It is used to negate two or more alternatives simultaneously, indicating that none of the presented options are true, valid, or applicable. Understanding this structure is fundamental for learners at the A2 level as it allows for more complex sentence construction and precise expression of negative conditions. When you use 'न तो...न', you are essentially linking two negative statements into a single, cohesive thought. For example, instead of saying 'He does not eat apples. He does not eat bananas.', you combine them into 'He eats neither apples nor bananas.' In Hindi, this translates to 'वह न तो सेब खाता है, न केले।' The structure inherently carries a negative meaning, so additional negative words like 'नहीं' (nahin) are generally not required within the clauses governed by 'न तो...न', although colloquial usage sometimes includes them for emphasis.

Syntactic Function: It functions as a coordinating correlative conjunction, joining nouns, verbs, adjectives, or entire clauses of equal grammatical rank.

वह न तो हिंदी बोलता है न अंग्रेजी।

The placement of 'न तो' and 'न' is crucial. 'न तो' precedes the first alternative, and 'न' precedes the second alternative. This parallel structure ensures clarity. If you are negating verbs, the conjunctions must immediately precede the verbs or the entire verb phrases. If negating nouns, they must precede the nouns. This parallelism is a strict rule in formal Hindi grammar, though spoken Hindi can sometimes be more forgiving. Let's delve deeper into the nuances of its application across different grammatical categories.

Negating Nouns: When negating subjects or objects, the conjunctions sit directly before the nouns. Example: न तो राम आया, न श्याम। (Neither Ram came, nor Shyam.)

मुझे न तो चाय पसंद है न कॉफ़ी।

Furthermore, the verb agreement in sentences using 'न तो...न' can sometimes be tricky for learners. When two singular subjects are joined by 'न तो...न', the verb is typically singular and agrees with the subject closest to it. However, if the subjects are of different genders or numbers, the rules become more complex, often defaulting to masculine plural if mixed, or strictly agreeing with the nearest subject. This is a common area of confusion that requires practice.

Verb Agreement Rule: The verb usually agrees in gender and number with the noun or pronoun that is closest to it in the sentence structure.

न तो उसने खाया, न मैंने।

In literature and formal discourse, 'न तो...न' is employed to create a rhythmic, balanced cadence in writing. It emphasizes the absolute absence of the options provided. It is a powerful rhetorical tool. For instance, a politician might say 'We will accept neither corruption nor inefficiency' (हम न तो भ्रष्टाचार स्वीकार करेंगे, न अकुशलता). Here, the conjunction elevates the tone, making the statement sound definitive and uncompromising. The mastery of this conjunction marks a significant step from basic to intermediate proficiency in Hindi.

यह किताब न तो मेरी है न तुम्हारी।

वह न तो हँसा न रोया।

Using 'न तो...न' correctly requires an understanding of sentence structure and parallelism. The fundamental rule is that whatever grammatical element follows 'न तो' must be mirrored by the element following 'न'. If 'न तो' is followed by a noun, 'न' must be followed by a noun. If 'न तो' is followed by an adjective, 'न' must be followed by an adjective. This creates a balanced and grammatically sound sentence. Let us explore various sentence structures to see how this works in practice. When joining two subjects, the structure is: [न तो + Subject 1 + न + Subject 2 + Verb]. For example, 'न तो राहुल न अंजलि आएगी' (Neither Rahul nor Anjali will come). Notice how the verb 'आएगी' (will come) agrees with the closest subject, 'अंजलि' (Anjali), which is feminine singular.

Joining Objects: Structure: [Subject + न तो + Object 1 + Verb + न + Object 2]. Alternatively: [Subject + Verb + न तो + Object 1 + न + Object 2].

मैं न तो टीवी देखता हूँ न रेडियो सुनता हूँ।

When joining two verbs or actions, the structure becomes slightly more complex. You must ensure that the tense and aspect of both verbs are consistent. Structure: [Subject + न तो + Verb 1 + न + Verb 2]. For example, 'वह न तो पढ़ता है न लिखता है' (He neither reads nor writes). Here, both verbs are in the present habitual tense. Mixing tenses, such as 'वह न तो पढ़ता है न लिखेगा' (He neither reads nor will write), is grammatically awkward and generally avoided unless there is a specific contextual reason to contrast the present and the future.

Joining Adjectives: Structure: [Subject + न तो + Adjective 1 + है + न + Adjective 2]. Example: यह घर न तो बड़ा है न छोटा।

खाना न तो गर्म था न ठंडा।

Another important aspect of using 'न तो...न' is dealing with postpositions (like को, से, में, पर). If both nouns being negated require the same postposition, you have two choices. You can either repeat the postposition after each noun, or place it only after the second noun. For example: 'मैंने न तो राम को देखा, न श्याम को' (I saw neither Ram nor Shyam) OR 'मैंने न तो राम, न श्याम को देखा'. Both are correct, but repeating the postposition often adds emphasis and clarity, especially in spoken Hindi. However, if the nouns require different postpositions, you must explicitly state both to avoid grammatical errors.

With Postpositions: Repeating postpositions is safer for beginners to ensure grammatical accuracy.

उसने न तो मुझ से बात की न तुम से।

Finally, consider the tone. While 'न तो...न' is standard and neutral, its usage can sometimes sound slightly formal in casual conversation. In very relaxed, colloquial Hindi, speakers might simply string two negative sentences together ('वह नहीं आया, और उसने फोन भी नहीं किया' - He didn't come, and he didn't call either) instead of using the correlative conjunction ('उसने न तो फोन किया, न वह आया'). However, mastering 'न तो...न' is essential for writing, formal speaking, and fully comprehending native media, literature, and news broadcasts.

यह रास्ता न तो आसान है न सुरक्षित।

बच्चे ने न तो दूध पिया न बिस्कुट खाया।

The conjunction 'न तो...न' is ubiquitous in the Hindi language, bridging the gap between formal written text and everyday spoken communication. You will encounter it across a wide spectrum of contexts, from casual chats about food preferences to complex legal documents outlining prohibitions. Its primary function is to provide clarity when excluding multiple options, making it an indispensable tool for precise communication. In daily life, you might hear it at a restaurant when someone is ordering: 'मुझे न तो तीखा चाहिए, न मीठा' (I want neither spicy nor sweet). This immediately informs the waiter of the customer's specific dietary restrictions without needing lengthy explanations. It is efficient and universally understood across all Hindi-speaking regions.

News and Media: Journalists frequently use this structure to report on stalemates, denials, or lack of progress in political or social spheres.

सरकार ने न तो पुष्टि की न इनकार किया।

In professional environments, 'न तो...न' is used to maintain a polite yet firm tone. When rejecting proposals or clarifying boundaries, it sounds more professional than a blunt 'no'. For instance, a manager might state in an email, 'यह योजना न तो व्यावहारिक है न लाभदायक' (This plan is neither practical nor profitable). This clearly communicates the rejection while providing a structured, logical reason. In legal and official documents, the precision of 'न तो...न' is crucial. It leaves no room for ambiguity when stating what is not permitted or what conditions have not been met, ensuring that all parties have a clear understanding of the negative stipulations.

Literature and Poetry: Writers use it to create rhythm, emphasize loss, or describe a state of limbo or emptiness.

उसके दिल में न तो प्यार था न नफरत।

In educational settings, teachers use 'न तो...न' to correct students or explain concepts by ruling out incorrect possibilities. 'यह उत्तर न तो सही है न पूरा' (This answer is neither correct nor complete). It is also a staple in standardized Hindi language tests, where students are frequently tested on their ability to construct parallel negative sentences correctly. Understanding where and how native speakers deploy this conjunction will significantly improve your listening comprehension. You will start noticing it in debates, interviews, and everyday storytelling, where it serves as a linguistic anchor for negative assertions.

Everyday Conversations: Commonly used to express indifference or a lack of preference between two options.

आज मौसम न तो बहुत गर्म है न बहुत ठंडा।

While highly common, it's worth noting that in extremely informal, rapid speech, the 'तो' is sometimes dropped, resulting in just 'न...न' (e.g., 'न यह, न वह' - neither this, nor that). However, 'न तो...न' remains the standard, universally correct form that learners should prioritize. By mastering its usage, you equip yourself to navigate a vast array of social, professional, and cultural contexts in the Hindi-speaking world with confidence and accuracy.

मुझे न तो सोना मिला न चाँदी।

वह न तो अंदर आया न बाहर गया।

Learning to use 'न तो...न' effectively involves navigating several common pitfalls that trip up many Hindi learners. Because it involves coordinating two separate clauses or elements, errors often arise from a lack of parallelism or a misunderstanding of Hindi negation rules. One of the most frequent mistakes is the insertion of an extra negative word, usually 'नहीं' (nahin), into the sentence. Because 'न तो...न' inherently means 'neither...nor', adding 'नहीं' creates a double negative, which is grammatically incorrect in standard Hindi. For example, a learner might say, 'वह न तो खाता है नहीं पीता है' (He neither eats not drinks). The correct form is simply 'वह न तो खाता है न पीता है'. The conjunctions themselves carry the full weight of the negation.

Double Negation Error: Adding 'नहीं' when 'न तो...न' is already present. Incorrect: न तो वह नहीं आया। Correct: न तो वह आया।

गलत: न तो राम नहीं जाएगा न श्याम।

Another major stumbling block is the lack of parallel structure. As a correlative conjunction, 'न तो...न' demands balance. If you place 'न तो' before a noun, 'न' must also precede a noun. A common mistake is mixing grammatical categories. For instance, 'वह न तो घर पर है न काम कर रहा है' (He is neither at home nor working). While understandable, it mixes a prepositional phrase with a verb phrase. A better, more parallel structure would be 'वह न तो घर पर है न दफ्तर में' (He is neither at home nor at the office) or 'वह न तो आराम कर रहा है न काम कर रहा है' (He is neither resting nor working). Maintaining this balance makes your Hindi sound much more natural and fluent.

Lack of Parallelism: Placing the conjunctions before mismatched grammatical elements (e.g., a noun and a verb).

सही: उसने न तो किताब खरीदी न पेन।

Verb agreement also poses a significant challenge. When 'न तो...न' connects two subjects, the verb must agree with the subject closest to it. Learners often default to a plural masculine verb, regardless of the subjects. For example, if the subjects are 'राम' (Ram - masculine singular) and 'सीता' (Sita - feminine singular), and Sita is closer to the verb, the verb must be feminine singular. Incorrect: 'न तो राम न सीता आए' (Neither Ram nor Sita came - plural verb). Correct: 'न तो राम न सीता आई' (Neither Ram nor Sita came - feminine singular verb). This rule requires careful attention to gender and number, which are foundational aspects of Hindi grammar.

Verb Agreement Errors: Failing to match the verb's gender and number with the nearest subject when joining two subjects.

सही: न तो लड़के न लड़की खेल रही है।

Lastly, learners sometimes confuse 'न तो...न' with 'या तो...या' (either...or). While structurally similar, their meanings are opposite. Using 'या तो...या' when you mean to negate both options completely changes the message. For example, saying 'या तो मैं जाऊंगा या वह' means 'Either I will go or he will', whereas 'न तो मैं जाऊंगा न वह' means 'Neither I will go nor he will'. Paying close attention to the specific conjunction used is vital for accurate communication. Regular practice and mindful sentence construction are the best ways to overcome these common errors.

उसने न तो हाँ कहा न ना।

यह न तो मेरा काम है न आपका।

While 'न तो...न' is the standard and most precise way to say 'neither...nor' in Hindi, there are several similar words, phrases, and structures that learners should be aware of. Understanding these nuances helps in comprehending different registers of Hindi, from formal literature to casual street slang. The most direct variation is simply dropping the 'तो' and using 'न...न'. This is highly common in spoken Hindi and informal writing. For example, 'न यह, न वह' (neither this, nor that). It carries the exact same meaning but feels slightly less formal and more conversational. However, in formal writing or examinations, sticking to 'न तो...न' is highly recommended to demonstrate grammatical precision.

न...न (na...na): An informal, shortened version of 'न तो...न'. Used frequently in rapid speech. Meaning is identical.

मुझे न चाय चाहिए न कॉफ़ी।

Another related structure is 'नहीं...और न ही' (nahin...aur na hi). This translates more closely to 'not...and nor'. It is used when you make a negative statement and then add another negative statement to it for emphasis. For example, 'मैं वहाँ नहीं गया, और न ही उसने मुझे बुलाया' (I didn't go there, and nor did he call me). This structure is often used when the two clauses are longer or more complex, whereas 'न तो...न' is preferred for shorter, parallel elements like single nouns or adjectives. 'और न ही' acts as a strong conjunction linking two separate negative ideas.

नहीं...और न ही (nahin...aur na hi): Translates to 'not...and nor'. Used to connect two distinct negative clauses, often for added emphasis.

वह नहीं पढ़ता, और न ही काम करता है।

It is also crucial to contrast 'न तो...न' with its positive counterpart, 'या तो...या' (either...or). While they look structurally identical, they serve opposite functions. 'या तो...या' presents a choice between two alternatives, affirming that at least one is true or will happen. 'या तो राम आएगा या श्याम' (Either Ram will come or Shyam). Confusing these two will completely reverse the meaning of your sentence. Therefore, whenever you learn 'न तो...न', it is highly beneficial to practice it alongside 'या तो...या' to solidify the distinction in your mind.

या तो...या (ya to...ya): The direct opposite: 'either...or'. Presents alternatives rather than negating them.

या तो पढ़ो या सो जाओ। (Either read or sleep.)

Finally, sometimes learners try to use 'भी नहीं' (bhi nahin - not even / also not) as a substitute. While related to negation, 'भी नहीं' is used to emphasize that something didn't happen in addition to something else, or to express surprise at a negative fact. 'उसने पानी भी नहीं पूछा' (He didn't even ask for water). It does not serve the correlative function of linking two excluded options like 'न तो...न' does. Understanding these subtle differences ensures you choose the exact right word for your intended meaning, elevating your Hindi from basic translation to natural expression.

कमरे में न तो कुर्सी थी न मेज़।

मैं न तो डॉक्टर हूँ न इंजीनियर।

How Formal Is It?

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수준별 예문

मुझे न तो सेब पसंद है न केला।

I like neither apple nor banana.

Basic use with nouns. 'पसंद है' (like) applies to both.

वह न तो राम है न श्याम।

He is neither Ram nor Shyam.

Identifying people. Simple 'है' (is) verb.

मेरे पास न तो कार है न बाइक।

I have neither a car nor a bike.

Used with 'के पास' (to have) structure.

यह न तो लाल है न नीला।

This is neither red nor blue.

Basic use with colors/adjectives.

मैं न तो चाय पीता हूँ न कॉफ़ी।

I drink neither tea nor coffee.

Simple present tense habitual action.

आज न तो सोमवार है न मंगलवार।

Today is neither Monday nor Tuesday.

Using with days of the week.

वह न तो मेरा भाई है न दोस्त।

He is neither my brother nor friend.

Expressing relationships.

कमरे में न तो मेज़ है न कुर्सी।

There is neither a table nor a chair in the room.

Describing existence/presence.

वह न तो पढ़ता है न खेलता है।

He neither studies nor plays.

Parallel structure with verbs in present tense.

आज मौसम न तो गर्म है न ठंडा।

Today the weather is neither hot nor cold.

Describing weather conditions with adjectives.

मैंने न तो उसे देखा न उससे बात की।

I neither saw him nor talked to him.

Past tense verbs. Note the different postpositions implied/used.

यह काम न तो आसान है न मुश्किल।

This work is neither easy nor difficult.

Contrasting abstract adjectives.

न तो तुम जाओगे न मैं जाऊँगा।

Neither you will go nor I will go.

Future tense. Verbs agree with their respective subjects.

उसने न तो खाना खाया न पानी पिया।

He neither ate food nor drank water.

Past perfective with objects.

यह शर्ट न तो मेरी है न तुम्हारी।

This shirt is neither mine nor yours.

Using possessive pronouns.

न तो वह खुश था न उदास।

He was neither happy nor sad.

Past tense with adjectives of emotion.

यह योजना न तो व्यावहारिक है न लाभदायक।

This plan is neither practical nor profitable.

Using more advanced vocabulary (व्यावहारिक, लाभदायक).

न तो पुलिस समय पर पहुँची न एम्बुलेंस।

Neither the police arrived on time nor the ambulance.

Verb 'पहुँची' agrees with the feminine subjects.

मुझे इस विवाद में न तो पड़ना है न कुछ कहना है।

I neither want to get into this dispute nor say anything.

Using infinitive + है structure for compulsion/desire.

उसका भाषण न तो स्पष्ट था न ही प्रभावशाली।

His speech was neither clear nor effective.

Adding 'ही' for slight emphasis on the second point.

न तो उसने मेरी मदद की न मेरे भाई की।

He helped neither me nor my brother.

Parallelism with objects requiring postpositions (की मदद).

यह समस्या न तो नई है न ही इसका समाधान आसान है।

This problem is neither new nor is its solution easy.

Connecting a simple adjective clause with a slightly more complex one.

वह न तो अंग्रेज़ी समझता है न बोलने की कोशिश करता है।

He neither understands English nor tries to speak it.

Connecting a simple verb with a compound verb structure.

न तो मुझे निमंत्रण मिला न मैं वहाँ जाना चाहता था।

Neither did I receive an invitation nor did I want to go there.

Connecting two distinct clauses with different subjects/structures.

प्रबंधन ने न तो हमारी माँगें मानीं न ही कोई वैकल्पिक प्रस्ताव दिया।

The management neither accepted our demands nor gave any alternative proposal.

Formal vocabulary, past perfective tense with complex objects.

यह नीति न तो आर्थिक रूप से व्यवहार्य है न सामाजिक रूप से स्वीकार्य।

This policy is neither economically viable nor socially acceptable.

Using adverbial phrases (आर्थिक रूप से) within the parallel structure.

न तो वह अपनी गलती मानने को तैयार है न ही माफ़ी माँगने को।

He is neither ready to admit his mistake nor to apologize.

Parallelism with infinitive phrases (मानने को, माँगने को).

इस लेख में न तो कोई ठोस तर्क है न ही विश्वसनीय आँकड़े।

This article contains neither any solid argument nor reliable data.

Abstract nouns and formal register.

न तो सरकार ने इस मुद्दे पर ध्यान दिया न ही विपक्ष ने इसे उठाया।

Neither the government paid attention to this issue nor did the opposition raise it.

Connecting clauses with different subjects acting on the same issue.

उसका व्यवहार न तो पेशेवर था न ही शिष्ट।

His behavior was neither professional nor courteous.

Advanced adjectives describing behavior.

न तो मुझे इस बात का अफ़सोस है न ही कोई पछतावा।

I have neither regret for this matter nor any remorse.

Synonymous abstract nouns for emphasis.

यह तकनीक न तो समय बचाती है न ही पैसे।

This technology saves neither time nor money.

Parallel objects governed by the same verb (बचाती है).

इस जटिल भू-राजनीतिक परिदृश्य में, न तो पूर्ण तटस्थता संभव है न ही आक्रामक हस्तक्षेप उचित।

In this complex geopolitical scenario, neither absolute neutrality is possible nor aggressive intervention appropriate.

Highly formal, academic vocabulary and complex sentence structure.

कवि ने न तो समाज की कुरीतियों को छिपाया न ही उन्हें महिमामंडित किया।

The poet neither hid the social evils nor glorified them.

Literary context, using advanced verbs (महिमामंडित करना).

न तो यह तर्क तार्किक कसौटी पर खरा उतरता है न ही अनुभवजन्य साक्ष्यों द्वारा समर्थित है।

Neither does this argument stand up to logical scrutiny nor is it supported by empirical evidence.

Advanced idiomatic expressions (कसौटी पर खरा उतरना) and passive voice.

आधुनिक जीवनशैली ने हमें न तो शारीरिक रूप से स्वस्थ छोड़ा है न मानसिक रूप से शांत।

The modern lifestyle has left us neither physically healthy nor mentally peaceful.

Complex object complement structure.

न तो वह इस षड्यंत्र का मुख्य सूत्रधार था न ही महज एक मूक दर्शक।

He was neither the main orchestrator of this conspiracy nor merely a silent spectator.

Nuanced description using precise nouns (सूत्रधार, मूक दर्शक).

इस फैसले से न तो वादी संतुष्ट हुआ न ही प्रतिवादी को न्याय मिला।

With this verdict, neither was the plaintiff satisfied nor did the defendant get justice.

Legal terminology (वादी, प्रतिवादी) and differing clause structures.

न तो उसकी कला में कोई मौलिकता थी न ही उसकी शैली में कोई नवीनता।

There was neither any originality in his art nor any novelty in his style.

Abstract concepts in art critique.

यह दार्शनिक सिद्धांत न तो मानव स्वभाव की पूरी व्याख्या करता है न ही ब्रह्मांड के रहस्यों को सुलझाता है।

This philosophical theory neither fully explains human nature nor solves the mysteries of the universe.

Academic discourse dealing with broad, abstract concepts.

अस्तित्ववाद के इस गहन अध्ययन में, लेखक ने न तो शून्यवाद को स्वीकारा है न ही पारंपरिक आस्तिकता को प्रश्रय दिया है।

In this profound study of existentialism, the author has neither accepted nihilism nor given refuge to traditional theism.

Extremely high register, specialized philosophical vocabulary (शून्यवाद, आस्तिकता).

न तो यह विडंबना मात्र एक साहित्यिक युक्ति है न ही यह महज़ एक भाषाई खेल; यह मानव नियति का एक क्रूर सत्य है।

Neither is this irony merely a literary device nor is it just a linguistic game; it is a cruel truth of human destiny.

Complex rhetorical structure, combining negation with a strong affirmative conclusion.

उसकी चुप्पी न तो सहमति का सूचक थी न ही अज्ञानता का; वह एक सुविचारित रणनीतिक कदम था।

His silence was an indicator of neither agreement nor ignorance; it was a well-thought-out strategic move.

Nuanced interpretation of abstract behavior.

न तो काल की गति को कोई रोक सका है न ही नियति के विधान को कोई टाल पाया है।

Neither has anyone been able to stop the flow of time nor has anyone been able to avert the decree of destiny.

Poetic/literary phrasing, dealing with universal truths.

इस ऐतिहासिक संधि ने न तो युद्ध की मूल वजहों को खत्म किया न ही स्थायी शांति की कोई ठोस नींव रखी।

This historic treaty neither eliminated the root causes of the war nor laid any solid foundation for lasting peace.

Historical analysis, precise and formal phrasing.

न तो वह अपने पूर्ववर्तियों की छाया से मुक्त हो पाया न ही अपने उत्तराधिकारियों के लिए कोई स्पष्ट मार्ग प्रशस्त कर सका।

Neither was he able to free himself from the shadow of his predecessors nor could he pave a clear path for his successors.

Complex metaphorical language (छाया से मुक्त, मार्ग प्रशस्त).

यह रचना न तो छंदबद्ध कविता के कड़े नियमों से बँधी है न ही गद्य की निरंकुशता में बहकती है।

This composition is neither bound by the strict rules of metered poetry nor does it wander into the unruliness of prose.

Literary criticism, highly specialized vocabulary (छंदबद्ध, निरंकुशता).

न तो उसकी महत्वाकांक्षाओं की कोई सीमा थी न ही उसके पतन की कोई थाह।

Neither did his ambitions have any limit nor did his downfall have any bottom (fathom).

Poetic exaggeration and dramatic literary tone.

자주 쓰는 조합

न तो यह न वह

न तो आज न कल

न तो हाँ न ना

न तो अच्छा न बुरा

न तो कम न ज़्यादा

न तो सच न झूठ

न तो दिन न रात

न तो आगे न पीछे

न तो ऊपर न नीचे

न तो सही न गलत

자주 쓰는 구문

न तो...न ही...

न तो मुझे पता है न उसे

न तो मैंने देखा न सुना

न तो खाया न पिया

न तो आया न गया

न तो लिया न दिया

न तो हँसा न रोया

न तो पास न दूर

न तो अपना न पराया

न तो दोस्त न दुश्मन

자주 혼동되는 단어

न तो...न vs या तो...या (either...or)

न तो...न vs नहीं...और न ही (not...and nor)

न तो...न vs भी नहीं (not even)

관용어 및 표현

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न तो...न vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

note

While 'न तो...न' is the standard, adding 'ही' after the second 'न' (न तो...न ही) adds emphasis, similar to 'neither...nor even'.

자주 하는 실수

Adding 'नहीं' to the sentence (Double negation).
Failing to maintain parallel grammatical structure.
Incorrect verb agreement, especially with mixed-gender subjects.
Confusing it with 'या तो...या' (either...or).
Placing the conjunctions in the wrong part of the sentence (e.g., before the auxiliary verb instead of the main verb).

팁

Balance is Key

Always ensure the grammatical elements following 'न तो' and 'न' are the same. Noun matches noun, verb matches verb. This is called parallel structure.

Avoid Double Negatives

Resist the urge to add 'नहीं' to a sentence that already uses 'न तो...न'. The conjunctions do all the negating work for you.

Drop the 'तो' Casually

When speaking informally with friends, you can sound more natural by just using 'न...न'. For example, 'न चाय, न कॉफ़ी'.

Add 'ही' for Impact

If you want to strongly emphasize the second negative point, use 'न ही' instead of just 'न'. Example: 'न तो उसने खाया, न ही पिया'.

Proximity Rule

When in doubt about verb agreement with two subjects, make the verb agree with the subject that is physically closest to it in the sentence.

Contrast Practice

Practice 'न तो...न' alongside its opposite, 'या तो...या'. Write pairs of sentences to solidify the difference in your mind.

Formal Writing

In exams or formal emails, always use the full 'न तो...न' structure. It shows a good command of standard Hindi grammar.

Listen for the Pair

When you hear 'न तो', your brain should immediately start anticipating the second 'न'. This helps in predicting sentence structure.

Direct Mapping

Unlike some Hindi structures, 'न तो...न' maps almost perfectly to English 'neither...nor'. Use this to your advantage when translating.

Daily Routine

Try describing your lazy days using this structure. 'Today, I neither worked nor studied' (आज मैंने न तो काम किया न पढ़ाई की).

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기억법

Think of 'Na To' as 'Not This', and the second 'Na' as 'Not that either'. Na To... Na = Not This... Not that.

어원

Sanskrit

문화적 맥락

Using 'न तो...न' is generally considered polite and standard. It is less blunt than a flat 'नहीं'.

Found extensively in classical Hindi and Urdu poetry to express longing, emptiness, or the rejection of worldly things.

In some rural dialects, the 'तो' is almost always dropped, and variations like 'ना...ना' might be heard.

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실제 사용 상황

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"आपको चाय पसंद है या कॉफ़ी? (मुझे न तो चाय पसंद है न कॉफ़ी।)"

"क्या आप कल आएँगे या परसों? (मैं न तो कल आऊँगा न परसों।)"

"यह फिल्म कैसी थी? (न तो अच्छी थी न बुरी।)"

"क्या राम और श्याम आ रहे हैं? (न तो राम आ रहा है न श्याम।)"

"क्या यह महंगा है? (यह न तो महंगा है न सस्ता।)"

일기 주제

Write about two things you neither like nor dislike, but just feel neutral about.

Describe a day where neither the weather was good nor your mood.

List two foods you will neither eat now nor in the future.

Write about a decision where neither option seemed good.

Describe a place that is neither too far nor too close.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, standard Hindi grammar considers this a double negative. 'न तो...न' already contains the negative meaning. Saying 'न तो वह नहीं आया' is incorrect. Just say 'न तो वह आया'.

In formal writing and speaking, yes, it is highly recommended. However, in casual, everyday spoken Hindi, people often drop the 'तो' and just say 'न...न' (e.g., 'न राम आया, न श्याम').

The general rule is that the verb agrees with the subject closest to it. For example, 'न तो राम न सीता आई' (verb is feminine because Sita is closest). However, if the subjects are mixed, sometimes a masculine plural verb is used as a default.

They are exact opposites. 'न तो...न' means 'neither...nor' (both options are false/rejected). 'या तो...या' means 'either...or' (one of the options is true/chosen).

Yes, you can. You start with 'न तो' and then use 'न' before each subsequent item. For example: 'न तो राम, न श्याम, न ही मोहन आया' (Neither Ram, nor Shyam, nor Mohan came).

Yes, it is perfectly polite and standard. In fact, it can sometimes sound more diplomatic than a blunt 'नहीं' because it calmly rules out options rather than just shutting down a conversation.

You can either repeat the postposition after each noun ('न तो राम को, न श्याम को') or put it only after the last noun ('न तो राम, न श्याम को'). Repeating it is often clearer for learners.

Yes, but you must ensure parallel structure. 'न तो उसने मुझे बुलाया, न मैं वहाँ गया' (Neither did he call me, nor did I go there).

Adding 'ही' (hi) after the second 'न' adds emphasis. 'न तो राम आया न ही श्याम' means 'Neither Ram came, nor did Shyam even come'. It makes the second negation stronger.

Absolutely! It is very common in poetry and songs to express heartbreak or dilemmas. For example, 'न तो कारवाँ की तलाश है, न तो हमसफ़र की तलाश है' (I search neither for a caravan, nor for a companion).

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