A1 Idiomatic Expressions 1 min read 쉬움

Idioms with Avere (Hunger, Thirst, Age)

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Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

In Italian, you don't 'be' hungry or old; you 'have' hunger or years.

  • Use 'avere' + noun for physical states: 'Ho fame' (I have hunger).
  • Use 'avere' + number + 'anni' for age: 'Ho vent'anni' (I have twenty years).
  • Never use 'essere' (to be) for these specific physical states.
Subject + Avere (conjugated) + Noun/Age

Conjugation of Avere

Subject Present Tense Meaning
Io
ho
I have
Tu
hai
You have
Lui/Lei
ha
He/She has
Noi
abbiamo
We have
Voi
avete
You (pl) have
Loro
hanno
They have

Meanings

These expressions use the verb 'avere' to describe physical sensations, age, or psychological states that are expressed with 'to be' in English.

1

Physical Sensation

Describing hunger, thirst, cold, or heat.

“Ho fame.”

“Hai sete?”

2

Age

Stating how many years old someone is.

“Quanti anni hai?”

“Ho venticinque anni.”

3

Psychological/Physical State

Describing sleepiness, fear, or urgency.

“Ho sonno.”

“Ho paura del buio.”

Reference Table

Reference table for Idioms with Avere (Hunger, Thirst, Age)
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Subject + Avere + Noun
Io ho fame
Negative
Subject + non + Avere + Noun
Io non ho fame
Interrogative
Avere + Subject + Noun?
Hai fame?
Age
Subject + Avere + Number + anni
Ho vent'anni
Short Answer
Sì/No + (non) + Avere
Sì, ho fame
Past
Subject + Avere (past) + Noun
Ho avuto fame

격식 수준 스펙트럼

격식체
Ho fame.

Ho fame. (Dining)

중립
Ho fame.

Ho fame. (Dining)

비격식체
Ho una fame da lupi!

Ho una fame da lupi! (Dining)

속어
Sto morendo di fame.

Sto morendo di fame. (Dining)

Avere Idioms Map

Avere

Physical

  • fame hunger
  • sete thirst

Age

  • anni years

States

  • paura fear
  • fretta hurry
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수준별 예문

1

Io ho fame.

I am hungry.

2

Quanti anni hai?

How old are you?

3

Lui ha sete.

He is thirsty.

4

Abbiamo freddo.

We are cold.

1

Non ho molta fame oggi.

I am not very hungry today.

2

Hai paura del buio?

Are you afraid of the dark?

3

Ho fretta, devo andare.

I am in a hurry, I must go.

4

Lei ha vent'anni.

She is twenty years old.

1

Avevo molta fame, quindi ho mangiato tutto.

I was very hungry, so I ate everything.

2

Se hai sonno, vai a dormire.

If you are sleepy, go to sleep.

3

Non ho avuto paura durante il film.

I wasn't afraid during the movie.

4

Avremo molta sete dopo la partita.

We will be very thirsty after the match.

1

Nonostante avessi fame, non ho mangiato nulla.

Although I was hungry, I didn't eat anything.

2

Avendo molta fretta, ho preso un taxi.

Being in a hurry, I took a taxi.

3

È normale che tu abbia paura.

It is normal that you are afraid.

4

Avrebbe dovuto dirmi che aveva freddo.

He should have told me he was cold.

1

Nonostante l'età, ha ancora molta voglia di imparare.

Despite his age, he still has a great desire to learn.

2

Mi ha confessato di aver avuto paura per tutto il tempo.

He confessed to me that he had been afraid the whole time.

3

Non ho mai avuto tanta fretta come in quel momento.

I have never been in such a hurry as in that moment.

4

Sarebbe meglio se non avessi così tanta sete.

It would be better if you weren't so thirsty.

1

Non è che io abbia fame, è solo che sono stanco.

It's not that I'm hungry, it's just that I'm tired.

2

Avendo avuto vent'anni in quegli anni, ho vissuto il cambiamento.

Having been twenty in those years, I lived through the change.

3

Non si può negare che abbia avuto paura.

One cannot deny that he was afraid.

4

Avere fame è un bisogno primordiale.

Being hungry is a primal need.

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Idioms with Avere (Hunger, Thirst, Age) 대 Avere vs Essere

Learners try to use 'essere' for physical states because English uses 'to be'.

Idioms with Avere (Hunger, Thirst, Age) 대 Anni vs Anno

Learners forget to pluralize 'anni' for age.

Idioms with Avere (Hunger, Thirst, Age) 대 Avere vs Avere bisogno di

Learners confuse 'I have hunger' with 'I need food'.

자주 하는 실수

✗

Sono fame

✓

Ho fame

Using 'essere' instead of 'avere'.
✗

Ho venti

✓

Ho vent'anni

Missing 'anni' for age.
✗

Ha sete?

✓

Hai sete?

Wrong conjugation for 'you'.
✗

Io ho la fame

✓

Io ho fame

Adding unnecessary article.
✗

Sono avuto fame

✓

Ho avuto fame

Wrong auxiliary verb.
✗

Ho molto fame

✓

Ho molta fame

Gender agreement error.
✗

Non ho paura di buio

✓

Non ho paura del buio

Missing articulated preposition.
✗

Se avrei fame, mangerei

✓

Se avessi fame, mangerei

Wrong mood in conditional.
✗

Ho fame da ieri

✓

Ho fame da ieri

Actually correct, but often confused with 'sono affamato'.
✗

Lui ha 20 anni di età

✓

Lui ha 20 anni

Redundant phrasing.
✗

Nonostante ho fame

✓

Nonostante io abbia fame

Subjunctive required after nonostante.
✗

Avendo fame, sono mangiato

✓

Avendo fame, ho mangiato

Wrong auxiliary in gerund.
✗

È la persona che ha più fame

✓

È la persona che ha più fame

Correct, but often learners try to use 'essere'.

문장 패턴

Io ___ ___.

Quanti ___ hai?

Non ___ ___.

Lui ha ___ anni.

Real World Usage

Restaurant very common

Ho molta fame, cosa mi consiglia?

Texting constant

Ho sonno, vado a dormire.

Doctor's office common

Ho freddo e ho la febbre.

Job interview occasional

Ho molta voglia di imparare.

Travel common

Ho sete, dove posso trovare acqua?

Social Media very common

Ho una fame da lupi! #pizza

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기
💡

The 'Avere' Rule

Always check if you are describing a state. If it's a state, use 'avere'.
⚠️

No 'Essere'

Never say 'Sono fame'. It's the #1 mistake.
🎯

Age is special

Don't forget 'anni' when talking about age.
💬

Expressiveness

Italians love to add 'molta' (a lot) to these expressions.

Smart Tips

Ask yourself: 'Do I possess this feeling?' If yes, use 'avere'.

Sono fame. → Ho fame.

Always add 'anni' at the end.

Ho venti. → Ho vent'anni.

Ensure 'molto' agrees with the noun (molta fame).

Ho molto fame. → Ho molta fame.

Place 'non' before the conjugated verb.

Ho non fame. → Non ho fame.

발음

o, ai, a, anno

H is silent

The 'h' in 'ho', 'hai', 'ha', 'hanno' is never pronounced.

Question intonation

Hai fame? ↑

Rising pitch at the end for yes/no questions.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Avere' as a backpack. You 'carry' (have) your hunger, your thirst, and your years inside it.

시각적 연상

Imagine yourself holding a giant clock (years) in one hand and a sandwich (hunger) in the other. You 'have' them both.

Rhyme

For hunger or thirst, don't be a dunce, use 'avere' at once!

Story

Marco is 20 (ha vent'anni). He is hungry (ha fame) and thirsty (ha sete). He runs to the store because he is in a hurry (ha fretta).

Word Web

fameseteannipaurafrettasonnocaldofreddo

챌린지

For the next 24 hours, every time you feel hungry, thirsty, or tired, say the Italian phrase out loud.

문화 노트

Italians are very expressive about food. 'Ho fame' is a standard way to start a conversation about lunch plans.

In some northern dialects, you might hear slightly different phrasing, but 'avere' is standard.

In the south, people might be more dramatic with their hunger expressions.

These expressions come from Latin 'habere' (to have).

대화 시작하기

“

Hai fame?

“

Quanti anni hai?

“

Hai paura di qualcosa?

“

Hai fretta oggi?

일기 주제

Describe your morning routine using 'avere' expressions.
Write about a time you were very scared.
Compare your current age to your age five years ago.
Write a short story about a character who is always in a hurry.

자주 하는 실수

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

Incorrect

정답

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Test Yourself

Fill in the blank with the correct form of avere.

Io ___ fame.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ho
Io requires 'ho'.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ho fame
Idioms use 'avere'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ho venti.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ho vent'anni
Age requires 'anni'.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

fame / ho / molta / io

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Io ho molta fame
Standard SVO order.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Hai sete? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sì, ho sete
Must match the question.
Select the correct verb. 객관식

Lui ___ paura del buio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ha
Fear is an 'avere' idiom.
Fill in the blank.

Noi ___ freddo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: abbiamo
Noi requires 'abbiamo'.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Ho fame.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Non ho fame
Non goes before the verb.

Score: /8

연습 문제

8 exercises
Fill in the blank with the correct form of avere.

Io ___ fame.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ho
Io requires 'ho'.
Choose the correct sentence. 객관식

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ho fame
Idioms use 'avere'.
Correct the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

Ho venti.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ho vent'anni
Age requires 'anni'.
Reorder the words. Sentence Building

fame / ho / molta / io

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Io ho molta fame
Standard SVO order.
Complete the dialogue. Dialogue Completion

A: Hai sete? B: ___.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sì, ho sete
Must match the question.
Select the correct verb. 객관식

Lui ___ paura del buio.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ha
Fear is an 'avere' idiom.
Fill in the blank.

Noi ___ freddo.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: abbiamo
Noi requires 'abbiamo'.
Make it negative. Sentence Transformation

Ho fame.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Non ho fame
Non goes before the verb.

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (8)

It's a historical spelling convention from Latin that stuck around.

Only if you are using an adjective like 'affamato' (hungry), but 'avere fame' is more common.

It's neutral and used in all contexts.

It literally means 'I have twenty years'.

Use 'Ho molta fame'.

Yes, French and Spanish do, but German and English do not.

Yes, fear is always 'avere'.

No, for tired, use 'sono stanco'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

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In Other Languages

Spanish high

Tener + noun

The verb is 'tener' instead of 'avere'.

French high

Avoir + noun

The conjugation is different.

German low

Ich bin + adjective

German uses adjectives, Italian uses nouns.

Japanese none

Onaka ga suita (stomach emptied)

Japanese focuses on the stomach state.

Arabic low

Ash'uru bi...

Arabic uses a verb of feeling.

Chinese none

Wo e le (I hungry)

Chinese has no verb for 'to be' or 'to have' here.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Connected Grammar

Verb Avere

Prerequisite

You must know the conjugation.

Verb Essere

Contrast

To avoid confusion.

Adjectives

Similar

To understand why we don't use adjectives here.

Subjunctive

Advanced Form

For complex sentences.

Previous
Present Tense of Avere
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