乾杯 30초 만에
- Kanpai (乾杯) means 'Cheers!' in Japanese.
- Used when making a toast before drinking.
- Common in parties, restaurants, and social gatherings.
- A gesture of celebration and good wishes.
The Japanese word 乾杯 (かんぱい - kanpai) is a very common and important expression used when people make a toast. It directly translates to 'cheers!' and is said just before drinking, similar to its English counterpart. It signifies a moment of shared celebration, agreement, or well wishes among a group. You'll hear it in various social settings, from casual gatherings with friends to formal celebrations and business dinners. The act of saying 乾杯 before drinking is deeply ingrained in Japanese social etiquette, symbolizing unity and good fortune for the occasion or the people involved.
- Etymology
- The word 乾杯 is composed of two kanji characters: 乾 (kan), meaning 'dry' or 'to dry', and 杯 (pai), meaning 'cup' or 'sake cup'. The literal meaning is 'dry cup', suggesting the idea of emptying one's cup in a toast. This reflects an ancient custom where drinking until the cup is empty was a sign of sincerity and commitment.
- Cultural Significance
- In Japan, making a toast with 乾杯 is more than just a social formality; it's a ritual that fosters camaraderie and marks the beginning of a shared experience. It's considered polite for the host or the person proposing the toast to initiate it. When someone proposes a 乾杯, it's customary for everyone to raise their glasses and respond with the word 乾杯 before taking their first sip. This gesture reinforces the sense of togetherness and shared enjoyment of the moment.
Let's all raise our glasses! 乾杯!
The gesture of raising glasses and saying 乾杯 is a universal sign of celebration and good will, and understanding its use in Japanese culture will greatly enhance your social interactions. It's a simple word, but it carries significant social weight and is an essential part of enjoying a drink in Japan. Whether you are celebrating a birthday, a business deal, or simply a pleasant evening with friends, 乾杯 is the word that brings everyone together in a shared moment of appreciation and festivity. The act is often accompanied by a slight bow, especially in more formal settings, further emphasizing respect and unity among the participants. It's a moment where individual toasts converge into a collective expression of happiness and good wishes, making the shared experience more memorable and meaningful for everyone involved. The sound of clinking glasses, punctuated by the unified shout of 乾杯, is a joyous sound that signals the start of good times and shared memories.
Using 乾杯 (かんぱい - kanpai) in sentences is straightforward, as it's typically used as an interjection or a standalone phrase during a toast. The most common way to use it is simply by saying the word itself, often with a gesture of raising glasses. However, it can also be incorporated into slightly longer phrases to express the intention of making a toast or to acknowledge one.
- As a Standalone Toast
- This is the most frequent usage. Someone will propose a toast, and the group will respond with 乾杯 before drinking.
- Initiating a Toast
- Phrases like 'Let's make a toast!' often precede the word 乾杯.
- Responding to a Toast
- When someone else proposes a toast, you might respond by saying 乾杯 as well.
皆さま、乾杯！(Minasan, kanpai!)
When someone says something like 「では、始めましょうか。」(Dewa, hajimemashou ka. - Well then, shall we begin?), it's a cue that a toast might be coming. Following this, you might hear someone propose a toast to the occasion, to good health, or to the success of a venture. For example, a host might say: 「本日はお集まりいただき、ありがとうございます。それでは、皆さまの健康と今後のご活躍を祈って、乾杯！」(Honjitsu wa oatsumari itadaki, arigatou gozaimasu. Sore dewa, minasama no kenkou to kongo no gokatsuyaku o inotte, kanpai! - Thank you for gathering today. Well then, to everyone's health and future success, cheers!). In response, everyone raises their glasses and says 「乾杯！」. You might also hear variations like 「お疲れ様でした！乾杯！」(Otsukaresama deshita! Kanpai! - Thank you for your hard work! Cheers!), especially at the end of a workday or a project, to acknowledge everyone's efforts. The key is to listen for the cue and join in the celebratory moment. Sometimes, even if you don't fully understand the preceding speech, joining in with the 乾杯 is a sign of politeness and inclusion. It's a word that bridges communication gaps through shared action and sentiment. The accompanying gesture of raising glasses is almost as important as the word itself, visually reinforcing the unity and purpose of the toast.
The word 乾杯 (かんぱい - kanpai) is ubiquitous in social drinking situations across Japan. You will hear it in a wide array of settings, reflecting its fundamental role in Japanese social etiquette when it comes to toasting. Understanding these contexts will help you anticipate when and how to use it appropriately.
- Restaurants and Izakayas
- This is perhaps the most common place. Whether you are at a lively izakaya (Japanese pub) with friends, or at a more formal restaurant for a celebratory meal, 乾杯 is almost always part of the experience. Groups will often make a toast to begin their meal or drinks.
- Parties and Celebrations
- Birthdays, anniversaries, graduations, weddings, and New Year's parties are all occasions where 乾杯 will be heard. It's a way to mark significant moments and share joy.
- Business Gatherings
- Company dinners (飲み会 - nomikai), year-end parties (忘年会 - bounenkai), and welcome/farewell parties for colleagues often involve a formal toast with 乾杯. It signifies team unity and shared goals.
- Home Gatherings
- When friends or family gather at someone's home for a meal or drinks, it's customary to make a toast with 乾杯 before starting.
A group of colleagues raising their glasses and saying, 「仕事の成功を祝して、乾杯！」(Shigoto no seikou o iwaishte, kanpai! - To the success of our work, cheers!).
You might also hear 乾杯 in more informal settings, such as picnics, barbecues, or even when students are celebrating the end of exams. The spirit of 乾杯 is about shared enjoyment and acknowledgment, making it a versatile expression. It's a signal that the social lubricant of drinks is about to begin, and everyone is invited to participate. The context often dictates the formality of the toast. A toast at a wedding reception might be more elaborate and emotional than a quick 乾杯 at an izakaya after work. However, the core meaning and function remain the same: to unite the group in a moment of shared positive sentiment. In some very formal occasions, like state dinners, the toast might be led by a distinguished guest or dignitary, and everyone else will follow suit. The sound of multiple glasses clinking together after the unified cry of 乾杯 is a sound that signifies connection and shared experience, a fundamental aspect of Japanese hospitality and social bonding. It's a simple word that encapsulates a complex web of social interactions and cultural norms, making it an essential piece of vocabulary for anyone engaging with Japanese society.
While 乾杯 (かんぱい - kanpai) is a relatively simple word to use, there are a few common mistakes that learners might make, often stemming from not fully grasping the social context or pronunciation. Avoiding these will help you sound more natural and respectful.
- Incorrect Pronunciation
- Mispronouncing the 'n' sound or the 'pai' can make the word difficult to understand. The 'n' in 乾杯 is a nasal sound, similar to the 'n' in 'sing', and the 'pai' is pronounced like the English word 'pie'. Saying 'kan-pai' with equal stress on both syllables is generally correct, but a native speaker might slightly emphasize the 'pai'.
- Saying it at the Wrong Time
- 乾杯 is specifically for toasting. Saying it randomly before drinking without a clear intention of making a toast can be confusing or seem out of place. It should generally follow a proposal for a toast or be part of a group acknowledgment.
- Forgetting to Raise Your Glass
- The word 乾杯 is intrinsically linked with the action of raising one's glass. Simply saying the word without the accompanying gesture, especially in a group setting, can be seen as incomplete or less enthusiastic.
- Not Participating in a Group Toast
- If a toast is being made and everyone else is participating, not joining in can be perceived as impolite or as disassociating yourself from the group's sentiment. Even if you don't drink alcohol, it's customary to raise your non-alcoholic beverage.
A learner saying 'Kan-pai' with a flat intonation and forgetting to raise their glass.
Another potential mistake is using 乾杯 in situations where a different type of greeting or expression is more appropriate. For instance, you wouldn't say 乾杯 when saying hello to someone on the street or when thanking them for a gift. It is exclusively for toasting and drinking occasions. Over-enthusiasm or making a toast too frequently can also be a faux pas, especially in more formal business settings where excessive drinking might be frowned upon. The key is to observe the social cues and follow the lead of the more experienced members of the group. When in doubt, a simple, clear pronunciation of 乾杯 while raising your glass is usually well-received. It's better to be slightly reserved than to be overly boisterous or inappropriate. The goal is to participate harmoniously in the social ritual. Remember that 乾杯 is a gesture of unity and shared enjoyment, so its context is always social and celebratory. Ensuring your pronunciation is clear and your participation is timely and respectful will make your use of this word a positive experience.
While 乾杯 (かんぱい - kanpai) is the standard and most common word for 'cheers' in Japanese, there are some related expressions or alternatives that might be encountered or used in specific contexts. Understanding these can provide a richer appreciation of how toasts are made.
- Prosperity and Good Fortune
- Instead of just 'cheers', sometimes a toast is made with specific wishes. For example, someone might say 「商売繁盛を祈って！」(Shoubai hanjou o inotte! - To business prosperity!) or 「皆さんの健康を願って！」(Minasan no kenkou o negatte! - Wishing everyone good health!). In these cases, 乾杯 might still follow as the concluding toast, or the wish itself serves as the toast.
- Informal Greetings Before Drinking
- In very casual settings among close friends, you might hear expressions like 「とりあえず、一杯！」(Toriaezu, ippai! - First of all, a drink!) or 「よっしゃ、飲もう！」(Yossha, nomou! - Alright, let's drink!). These are not direct equivalents of 乾杯 but signal the start of drinking and can precede or sometimes even replace a formal toast.
- Specific Occasion Toasts
- While 乾杯 is universal, sometimes a toast might be more specific to the occasion. For example, at a wedding, the best man might give a toast that includes words like 「新郎新婦の末永い幸せを祝して、乾杯！」(Shinrou shinfu no suenagai shiawase o iwaishte, kanpai! - To the everlasting happiness of the bride and groom, cheers!). Here, 乾杯 serves as the final, unifying call to drink.
- Regional or Dialectal Variations
- While 乾杯 is standard nationwide, it's possible that in some very specific regional dialects, a slightly different word or phrase might be used for toasting. However, 乾杯 is universally understood and accepted.
Comparing 乾杯 (kanpai) with a more elaborate toast phrase.
The word 乾杯 itself is very direct and functional. It's the exclamation that signals the act of drinking together. While other phrases might express the sentiment behind the toast (like wishing for health or prosperity), 乾杯 is the action word that prompts everyone to drink. In terms of direct alternatives that mean 'cheers' in the same way, there are essentially none in common usage. The Japanese language relies on context and surrounding phrases to add nuance to the toast. For instance, instead of saying 'cheers to you,' Japanese might say 'to your health' followed by 乾杯. This makes 乾杯 a powerful, concise, and essential word for social gatherings involving drinks. It's the culmination of the pre-drinking ritual, the moment of shared agreement to partake in the beverage and the occasion. Therefore, while you might hear other celebratory phrases, 乾杯 remains the definitive word for 'cheers' in Japan.
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The concept of emptying one's cup as a sign of sincerity or commitment in a toast is ancient and can be found in various cultures. The 'dry cup' imagery emphasizes the completion of the toast and the shared experience of drinking.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing 'n' as a hard 'n' sound instead of a nasal 'n'.
- Giving equal stress to both syllables, rather than emphasizing 'pai'.
- Mispronouncing the 'ai' diphthong, making it sound like 'pay' or 'pee'.
난이도
The word itself is simple, but understanding the cultural context and nuances of when and how to use it requires some background knowledge. Reading about toasts in Japanese literature or articles would involve B1 level vocabulary.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Using the verb する (suru) to form compound verbs.
乾杯する (kanpai suru) - to toast. Example: 皆で乾杯しましょう。(Mina de kanpai shimashou.) - Let's all toast together.
Using particles like を (o) and に (ni) with verbs and nouns.
健康を祝って乾杯する。(Kenkou o iwatte kanpai suru.) - To toast in celebration of health. (Here, を marks the object of celebration).
Polite forms of verbs (e.g., 〜ましょう - mashou for 'let's').
乾杯しましょう。(Kanpai shimashou.) - Let's toast. (This is a polite suggestion).
Using interjections and exclamations.
乾杯！ (Kanpai!) - Cheers! (Used as a standalone exclamation).
Honorific language (Keigo) in formal toasts.
本日は、〇〇様のご健勝を祈念し、乾杯を行いたいと存じます。(Honjitsu wa, marumaru-sama no gokenshou o kinen shi, kanpai o okonaitai to zonjimasu.) - Today, I wish to propose a toast, praying for Mr./Ms. XX's good health. (Uses humble and honorific language).
수준별 예문
乾杯！
Cheers!
Interjection, used for toasting.
乾杯しよう！
Let's cheers!
Verb 'suru' (to do) is used with 乾杯 to form 'to toast'.
おめでとう！乾杯！
Congratulations! Cheers!
Expressing congratulations before toasting.
乾杯、乾杯！
Cheers, cheers!
Repetition for emphasis or enthusiasm.
乾杯！美味しい！
Cheers! Delicious!
Combining toast with enjoyment of food/drink.
乾杯、みんな！
Cheers, everyone!
Addressing the group during a toast.
乾杯！またね！
Cheers! See you later!
Used at the end of a gathering before parting.
乾杯！楽しかった！
Cheers! It was fun!
Expressing enjoyment after a toast.
皆さま、乾杯！
Everyone, cheers!
Polite address 'minasama' used before the toast.
今日の成功を祝って、乾杯！
To today's success, cheers!
Toast to a specific event or achievement.
新しい始まりに乾杯！
To new beginnings, cheers!
Toast for a new phase.
お疲れ様でした。乾杯！
Thank you for your hard work. Cheers!
Common phrase after work or a project.
乾杯！健康で！
Cheers! To health!
Wishing for good health.
では、乾杯しましょう。
Well then, let's toast.
Using 'shimashou' (let's do) to propose a toast.
乾杯！楽しい夜を！
Cheers! To a fun night!
Wishing for a pleasant evening.
乾杯！友情に！
Cheers! To friendship!
Celebrating friendship.
本日はお集まりいただき、ありがとうございます。それでは、皆さまの健康と今後のご活躍を祈って、乾杯！
Thank you for gathering today. Well then, to everyone's health and future success, cheers!
A more formal and elaborate toast proposal.
この素晴らしい機会に、乾杯！
To this wonderful opportunity, cheers!
Toast to a specific positive event.
長年の努力が実を結びました。皆で乾杯しましょう。
Years of effort have borne fruit. Let's all toast together.
Proposing a toast to acknowledge hard work and success.
乾杯！この素晴らしい出会いに感謝して。
Cheers! Grateful for this wonderful encounter.
Expressing gratitude for meeting someone.
では、改めて、乾杯！
Well then, once again, cheers!
Used to initiate a toast again, perhaps after a pause or a new phase.
乾杯！皆様の幸せを心よりお祈り申し上げます。
Cheers! I sincerely pray for everyone's happiness.
Formal expression of well wishes during a toast.
このプロジェクトの成功を祝して、乾杯！
To celebrate the success of this project, cheers!
Toast specifically for project success.
乾杯！これからも良い関係を築いていきましょう。
Cheers! Let's continue to build a good relationship.
Toast to future relationships.
本日は、〇〇様のご退職を祝し、これまでのご功績に敬意を表して、盛大に乾杯を行いたいと思います。
Today, to celebrate Mr./Ms. XX's retirement and to express respect for their achievements up to now, I would like to propose a grand toast.
A very formal and elaborate toast proposal for retirement.
この度の歴史的な快挙を記念し、関係者一同、心からの感謝を込めて、乾杯！
Commemorating this historic achievement, all involved, with heartfelt gratitude, cheers!
Toast for a significant historical or major accomplishment.
乾杯！我々の団結と、未来への限りない可能性に誓って。
Cheers! To our unity and the boundless possibilities for the future.
A toast emphasizing unity and future potential.
皆様、この素晴らしい宴の幕開けに、そして更なる友情の深化を願って、乾杯！
Everyone, to the opening of this wonderful banquet, and wishing for the further deepening of our friendship, cheers!
A toast for the beginning of an event and friendship.
乾杯！この困難な時期を乗り越え、新たな時代を切り拓いていきましょう。
Cheers! Let's overcome this difficult period and forge a new era.
Toast for overcoming adversity and moving forward.
乾杯！皆様の揺るぎないご支援に感謝し、今後の更なる発展を祈念いたします。
Cheers! Grateful for everyone's unwavering support, we pray for further development in the future.
Expressing gratitude for support and wishing for future prosperity.
今宵は、この喜びを分かち合い、そして明日への活力を得るために、乾杯！
Tonight, to share this joy and gain vitality for tomorrow, cheers!
Toast to share present joy and gain future energy.
乾杯！我々が共に歩んできた道のりに敬意を表し、そして、これから始まる新たな旅路に幸多からんことを。
Cheers! Respecting the path we have walked together, and wishing great fortune for the new journey that begins from now.
Reflecting on past efforts and wishing for future success.
本日は、長年にわたり当社の発展に多大なる貢献をされた〇〇様を称え、そして、我々が築き上げてきた絆を再確認するために、盛大なる乾杯を捧げたいと存じます。
Today, to honor Mr./Ms. XX who has made significant contributions to our company's development over many years, and to reaffirm the bonds we have built, I would like to offer a grand toast.
Highly formal and respectful toast for a significant contributor.
乾杯！この偉業達成の陰には、数えきれないほどの努力と、皆様の揺るぎないご協力があったことを忘れてはなりません。その全てに、乾杯！
Cheers! We must not forget that behind the achievement of this great feat were countless efforts and everyone's unwavering cooperation. To all of that, cheers!
A toast acknowledging immense collective effort and contribution.
乾杯！我々が共に目指してきた理想郷の実現に、そして、その理想を現実のものとするための、我々の決意に。
Cheers! To the realization of the utopia we have collectively aimed for, and to our determination to make that ideal a reality.
A toast to an ideal and the determination to achieve it.
乾杯！この変革の時代において、我々が培ってきた叡智と勇気を武器に、新たな価値創造へと邁進していくことを誓います。
Cheers! In this era of transformation, we pledge to advance towards creating new value, armed with the wisdom and courage we have cultivated.
A toast for navigating change and creating value.
乾杯！我々が紡いできた物語の輝かしい一章を締めくくり、そして、これから始まる未知なる冒険への期待を込めて。
Cheers! To conclude a brilliant chapter of the story we have woven, and with anticipation for the unknown adventure that begins from now.
A toast to conclude a chapter and embrace a new adventure.
乾杯！この地球という奇跡の星の上で、我々が共に享受するこの尊い時を祝福し、そして、未来世代へとこの恵みを繋いでいく責任を胸に。
Cheers! To celebrate this precious time we share together on this miraculous planet called Earth, and with a sense of responsibility to pass on this blessing to future generations.
A toast with a global and intergenerational perspective.
乾杯！我々が過去の教訓から学び、未来への架け橋を築くための、その揺るぎない決意を称えて。
Cheers! To our unwavering determination to learn from past lessons and build a bridge to the future.
A toast emphasizing learning from the past and future-building.
乾杯！この壮大なビジョンの実現に向けて、我々一人ひとりが持つ情熱と創造性を最大限に発揮し、共に前進していくことを誓います。
Cheers! Towards the realization of this grand vision, we pledge to maximize the passion and creativity of each of us and move forward together.
A toast for realizing a grand vision through individual passion and collective action.
万感の思いを込めて、この歴史的転換点における我々の不屈の精神と、未来永劫にわたる繁栄を祈念し、ここに、乾杯！
With a multitude of emotions, to our indomitable spirit at this historic turning point and to eternal prosperity, here, cheers!
Highly eloquent and emotional toast for a historical turning point.
乾杯！我々が共有するこの崇高なる理想の実現、そして、その理想を礎とした、より良き世界創造への献身を誓って。
Cheers! To the realization of this noble ideal we share, and to our dedication to creating a better world founded upon that ideal.
A toast to a noble ideal and dedication to a better world.
乾杯！我々が培ってきた知の継承と、それを礎とした人類の更なる飛躍を願い、そして、その偉大な歩みを支える全ての力に感謝して。
Cheers! Wishing for the inheritance of the knowledge we have cultivated and humanity's further leap forward based upon it, and giving thanks to all the forces that support that great progress.
A toast to knowledge, human progress, and gratitude.
乾杯！この不確実なる未来への航海において、我々が羅針盤とするべきは、揺るぎない倫理観と、共感の精神に他ならない。その羅針盤に、乾杯！
Cheers! On this voyage into an uncertain future, what should serve as our compass is nothing other than unwavering ethics and the spirit of empathy. To that compass, cheers!
A toast emphasizing ethics and empathy as guiding principles.
乾杯！我々が今まさに刻むこの輝かしい瞬間は、過去の偉大な先人たちの英知と、未来への果てしない希望が織りなす叙事詩の一節である。その叙事詩に、乾杯！
Cheers! This brilliant moment we are now inscribing is a passage from the epic poem woven by the wisdom of past great predecessors and the endless hope for the future. To that epic poem, cheers!
A toast viewing the present moment as part of a grand narrative.
乾杯！我々が成し遂げたこの功績は、単なる結果ではなく、次なる挑戦への序章に過ぎない。その序章に、そして、これから始まる壮大な物語に、乾杯！
Cheers! The achievement we have accomplished is not merely a result, but merely a prelude to the next challenge. To that prelude, and to the grand story that begins now, cheers!
A toast viewing accomplishment as a prelude to future endeavors.
乾杯！我々がこの世に生を受けたことの奇跡、そして、共に分かち合うこの尊き生命の輝きを讃え、その全てに感謝を込めて。
Cheers! To the miracle of our birth into this world, and to the brilliance of this precious life we share, with gratitude for all of it.
A toast celebrating the miracle of life and shared existence.
乾杯！我々が紡ぎ出す未来は、過去の遺産と現在の情熱、そして未来への限りない夢が融合した、比類なき芸術作品となるであろう。その芸術作品に、乾杯！
Cheers! The future we weave will be an unparalleled work of art, a fusion of our heritage, present passion, and boundless dreams for the future. To that work of art, cheers!
A toast viewing the future as a collaborative work of art.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— Cheers! This is the most direct and common usage, said right before drinking.
皆で「乾杯！」と言って、グラスを合わせた。(Mina de 'Kanpai!' to itte, gurasu o awaseta. - Everyone said 'Cheers!' and clinked their glasses.)
— Let's toast. This is a suggestion or invitation to make a toast.
「では、この新しいプロジェクトの成功を祈って、乾杯しましょう。」('Dewa, kono atarashii purojekuto no seikou o inotte, kanpai shimashou.' - 'Well then, let's toast to the success of this new project.')
— I will lead the toast. This is said by the person who is about to propose the toast.
「それでは、私から乾杯の音頭を取らせていただきます。」('Sore dewa, watashi kara kanpai no ondo o torasete itadakimasu.' - 'Well then, I will take the lead in proposing the toast.')
— Thank you for your hard work! Cheers! This is commonly said at the end of a workday or a project.
仕事が終わって、同僚と「お疲れ様でした！乾杯！」と言い合った。(Shigoto ga owatte, douryou to 'Otsukaresama deshita! Kanpai!' to ii atta. - After work, I said 'Thank you for your hard work! Cheers!' with my colleagues.)
— Cheers! To health! This is a toast wishing for good health.
「乾杯！健康で、これからも元気に過ごしましょう。」('Kanpai! Kenkou de, kore kara mo genki ni sugoshi mashou.' - 'Cheers! To health, let's continue to live energetically.')
— Cheers! To friendship! This is a toast celebrating friendship.
長年の友人と会って、「乾杯！友情に！」と喜びを分かち合った。(Naganen no yuujin to atte, 'Kanpai! Yuujou ni!' to yorokobi o wakachi atta. - Meeting an old friend, we shared our joy by saying, 'Cheers! To friendship!')
— Cheers! To new beginnings! This is used to celebrate the start of something new.
新しい家を買った友人を祝って、「乾杯！新しい始まりに！」と声をかけた。(Atarashii ie o katta yuujin o iwatte, 'Kanpai! Atarashii hajimari ni!' to koe o kaketa. - Celebrating a friend who bought a new house, I said, 'Cheers! To new beginnings!')
— Cheers! To this wonderful opportunity! This is for celebrating a special chance or event.
昇進した同僚に、「乾杯！この素晴らしい機会に！」とエールを送った。(Shoushin shita douryou ni, 'Kanpai! Kono subarashii kikai ni!' to eeru o okutta. - To a promoted colleague, I sent cheers by saying, 'Cheers! To this wonderful opportunity!')
— Cheers! Wishing for success. This is a toast for success.
新しいビジネスを始める友人に、「乾杯！成功を祈って。」と励ました。(Atarashii bijinesu o hajimeru yuujin ni, 'Kanpai! Seikou o inotte.' to hagemashita. - I encouraged a friend starting a new business by saying, 'Cheers! Wishing for success.')
— Cheers! To a fun night! This is a toast for a pleasant evening.
友人たちと集まって、「乾杯！楽しい夜を！」と、宴の始まりを告げた。(Yuujintachi to atsumatte, 'Kanpai! Tanoshii yoru o!' to, utage no hajimari o tsugeta. - Gathering with friends, we announced the start of the feast by saying, 'Cheers! To a fun night!')
자주 혼동되는 단어
献杯 is a toast made at funerals or memorial services, meaning 'to offer a drink' in remembrance of the deceased. It has a solemn, mournful tone, unlike the celebratory 乾杯.
祝杯 specifically means a 'celebratory toast'. While 乾杯 is used for celebrations, 祝杯 emphasizes the celebratory nature more directly. 乾杯 is the more common, everyday term for any toast.
一献 means 'a drink' or 'one cup'. It refers to the act of drinking itself, whereas 乾杯 refers to the specific action of toasting before drinking.
관용어 및 표현
— To lead the toast; to be the one who proposes the toast and initiates the 'Kanpai!' call. This person usually gives a short speech before the toast.
会社の創立記念パーティーで、社長が威厳をもって乾杯の音頭を取った。(Kaisha no sōritsu kinen pātī de, shachō ga igen o motte kanpai no ondo o totta.) - At the company's anniversary party, the president with dignity led the toast.
Neutral— To exchange cups; to toast each other. This implies a reciprocal toast, often between two people or groups.
旧友と久しぶりに再会し、互いの健闘を称え合って杯を交わした。(Kyūyū to hisashiburi ni saikai shi, tagai no kentō o tatae atte sakazuki o kawashita.) - Reuniting with an old friend after a long time, we toasted each other, praising our respective efforts.
Neutral— To have a drink; to enjoy a cup of sake or other alcoholic beverage. While not directly 'Kanpai', it relates to the context where Kanpai is used.
仕事の後、同僚と少し一献傾けるのは良い気分転換になる。(Shigoto no ato, dōryō to sukoshi ikkon katamukeru no wa yoi kibuntenkan ni naru.) - Having a drink with colleagues after work can be a good change of pace.
Neutral— To be intoxicated; to be enchanted or carried away by drink or emotion. This describes the state after multiple toasts.
宴もたけなわとなり、人々は次第に酔いしれていった。(Utage mo takenawa to nari, hitobito wa shidai ni yoishirete itta.) - The banquet reached its peak, and people gradually became intoxicated.
Neutral— To pour and exchange drinks with each other; to drink together and converse. Similar to 'sake o kawasu', it emphasizes the social aspect of drinking.
古くからの友人と、積もる話に花を咲かせながら酒を酌み交わした。(Furuku kara no yuujin to, tsumoru hanashi ni hana o sakase nagara sake o kumikawashita.) - I drank and chatted with old friends, as we talked about many things.
Neutral— To speak frankly; to have an honest conversation, often after drinks have loosened inhibitions. This can follow a 乾杯.
お酒が入ると、普段は言えないことも腹を割って話せるようになる。(Osake ga hairu to, fudan wa ienai koto mo hara o watte hanaseru you ni naru.) - When alcohol sets in, you become able to speak frankly about things you normally wouldn't.
Informal— A traditional Japanese wedding ritual where the bride and groom exchange cups of sake three times. While not directly 'Kanpai', it's a ritualistic drinking ceremony.
結婚式では、三々九度で夫婦の契りを結ぶ。(Kekkonshiki de wa, sansan kudo de fūfu no chigiri o musubu.) - At a wedding ceremony, the couple seals their vows through the sansan kudo ritual.
Formal/Traditional— To get drunk; to be under the influence of alcohol. This is the state one might reach after several 乾杯.
少し飲みすぎたせいか、足元がおぼつかない。(Sukoshi nominisegita sei ka, ashimoto ga obotsukanai.) - Perhaps because I drank a little too much, my footing is unsteady.
Neutral— Chugging; drinking a large amount of alcohol very quickly. This is a risky practice that is sometimes done after a 乾杯, but not recommended.
若者の一気飲みは危険な行為であり、絶対に避けるべきだ。(Wakamono no ikki nomi wa kiken na kōi de ari, zettai ni sakeru beki da.) - Chugging alcohol is a dangerous act for young people and should absolutely be avoided.
Informal/Cautionary— A bad hangover; feeling sick after drinking too much. This is the unpleasant consequence of excessive 乾杯.
昨夜飲みすぎたせいで、朝から悪酔いしている。(Sakujo nomisugita sei de, asa kara waruyoi shite iru.) - Because I drank too much last night, I have a bad hangover this morning.
Neutral혼동하기 쉬운
Both words are pronounced similarly and involve toasting.
乾杯 (かんぱい) is a celebratory toast used at parties and gatherings, signifying good wishes and camaraderie. 献杯 (けんぱい) is a toast offered at funerals or memorials to honor the deceased, carrying a solemn and respectful tone.
At a wedding, you'd say '乾杯!', but at a memorial service, you might hear '献杯' from a close relative.
Both relate to toasting and celebrations.
祝杯 (しゅくはい) specifically means a 'celebratory toast', often used for significant achievements or joyous occasions. 乾杯 (かんぱい) is a more general term for 'cheers' and can be used for any toast, including those that are not overtly 'celebratory' but simply mark the start of drinking together.
While you can say '祝杯' for a wedding, '乾杯' is universally used for any toast, from a casual drink with friends to a formal banquet.
The first kanji of 乾杯 is 乾 (kan), which means 'to dry' or 'to become dry'.
乾く (kawaku) is a verb meaning 'to become dry' (e.g., 'my throat is dry'). 乾杯 (kanpai) is a noun/interjection meaning 'cheers' or 'toast', derived from the concept of 'drying the cup'.
喉が乾いた (Nodo ga kawaita) - My throat is dry. vs.皆で乾杯しましょう。(Mina de kanpai shimashou.) - Let's all toast.
The second kanji of 乾杯 is 杯 (hai/pai), meaning 'cup'.
杯 (sakazuki) refers specifically to a 'sake cup' or a 'drinking vessel', often used in traditional ceremonies. 乾杯 (kanpai) is the act of toasting using such a cup (or any drinking vessel).
伝統的な結婚式では、夫婦は杯を交わす。(Dentōteki na kekkonshiki de wa, fūfu wa sakazuki o kawasu.) - In a traditional wedding, the couple exchanges cups. vs. 乾杯！(Kanpai!) - Cheers!
Alcohol is often involved in a 乾杯.
酒 (sake) refers to 'alcohol' or 'sake' (a type of Japanese rice wine). 乾杯 (kanpai) is the act of toasting and drinking, which may involve 酒, but is not the drink itself.
日本酒を飲むのが好きです。(Nihonshu o nomu no ga suki desu.) - I like drinking Japanese sake. vs. 乾杯！(Kanpai!) - Cheers! (while drinking sake).
문장 패턴
乾杯！
乾杯！
～を祝って、乾杯！
成功を祝って、乾杯！
皆で乾杯しましょう。
皆で乾杯しましょう。
～に乾杯！
健康に乾杯！
～を祈って、乾杯！
皆さまの健康を祈って、乾杯！
乾杯の音頭を取ります。
私から乾杯の音頭を取ります。
～を称え、乾杯を行いたいと存じます。
〇〇様のご功績を称え、乾杯を行いたいと存じます。
～を祝し、～を祈念して、乾杯！
本日の吉事を祝し、皆様のご多幸を祈念して、乾杯！
어휘 가족
명사
동사
관련
사용법
Very High (in social drinking contexts)
-
Saying 'Kan-pai' with equal stress on both syllables.
→
Saying 'Kan-PAI' with emphasis on the second syllable.
Native speakers typically place more emphasis on the 'pai' sound. Incorrect stress can make the word sound less natural.
-
Forgetting to raise your glass when saying 乾杯.
→
Raising your glass while saying 乾杯.
The act of toasting is intrinsically linked to raising one's glass. Simply saying the word without the gesture can seem incomplete or less enthusiastic.
-
Using 乾杯 at the wrong time, like randomly before drinking without a toast.
→
Using 乾杯 when a toast is being made or proposed.
乾杯 is specifically for toasting. Using it inappropriately can be confusing or seem out of place in social situations.
-
Not participating in a group toast.
→
Raising your glass and saying 乾杯 even if you are not drinking alcohol.
Not joining in a group toast can be perceived as impolite or disassociating yourself from the group's sentiment. Participation shows respect and camaraderie.
-
Mispronouncing the nasal 'n' sound.
→
Pronouncing the 'n' with a nasal sound, similar to 'ng' in 'sing'.
This is a common difficulty for learners. A clear, non-nasal 'n' can alter the sound significantly and make it harder for native speakers to understand.
팁
Master the 'N' Sound
The 'n' in 乾杯 (かんぱい) is a nasal sound, similar to the 'ng' in 'sing'. Practice saying it to sound more natural. The 'pai' sounds like the English word 'pie'.
Follow the Lead
In group settings, it's polite to wait for someone else, often the host or senior person, to initiate the toast. Observe and follow their cue for when and how to say 乾杯.
The Gesture Matters
When saying 乾杯, remember to raise your glass. This accompanying gesture is as important as the word itself in conveying camaraderie and respect.
Non-Alcoholic Participation
If you're not drinking alcohol, it's perfectly fine to raise your water, tea, or juice glass and say 乾杯. It shows you are part of the group's shared moment.
Occasion Appropriateness
While 乾杯 is versatile, ensure the setting is appropriate for a toast. It's primarily used for celebratory or social drinking occasions, not usually in very solemn or formal situations without drinking.
Visualize 'Dry Cup'
Remember the literal meaning 'dry cup'. Imagine you're making your cup 'dry' by drinking it all up as part of the toast. This visual can help you recall the word and its purpose.
Respectful Toasting
In formal settings, a brief speech might precede the 乾杯. Listen respectfully and join in when prompted. Avoid being overly loud or disruptive unless the atmosphere calls for it.
Listen and Repeat
The best way to learn is by listening to native speakers say 乾杯 in movies, dramas, or real-life interactions. Try to mimic their pronunciation and intonation.
Practice Actively
Don't be afraid to use 乾杯 when the opportunity arises! Even if it's just with fellow learners or in a role-play scenario, active practice will build your confidence.
Beyond 'Cheers'
Understand that 乾杯 is not just a word but a ritual that fosters unity and shared experience. Appreciate its cultural significance beyond a simple translation.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine you're at a party, and someone shouts 'Kanpai!' You need to quickly grab your cup and make it 'dry' by drinking it all up! So, 'Kanpai' means 'make your cup dry!'
시각적 연상
Picture a group of people raising their glasses, and the glasses are so full they are about to 'dry' out (spill) if they don't drink them quickly, all while shouting 'Kanpai!'
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use 'Kanpai!' in a sentence describing a party you've been to or imagine attending. For example, 'At the birthday party, we all said Kanpai before drinking the champagne.'
어원
The word 乾杯 (かんぱい) is a Sino-Japanese compound word, originating from Chinese characters. It is formed by combining two characters: 乾 (kan) and 杯 (hai/pai).
원래 의미: The literal meaning is 'dry cup'. 乾 (kan) means 'dry' or 'to dry', and 杯 (hai/pai) means 'cup' or 'sake cup'. The implication is to empty one's cup in a toast.
Sino-Japanese (derived from Chinese)문화적 맥락
While generally a positive and celebratory word, be mindful of the context. In very somber or formal occasions where drinking is not appropriate, a toast might not occur. Also, avoid excessive drinking or rowdiness after multiple 'Kanpai!' calls, especially in business settings.
In English-speaking cultures, 'Cheers!' is a direct equivalent and is used in very similar contexts. It also signifies a toast and good wishes.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
After work gatherings (飲み会 - nomikai)
- お疲れ様でした！乾杯！
- とりあえず、一杯！
- 今日もお疲れ様でした！
Celebrations (birthdays, anniversaries)
- お誕生日おめでとう！乾杯！
- 記念日おめでとう！乾杯！
- この素晴らしい日を祝って、乾杯！
Business dinners
- 本日はありがとうございます。乾杯！
- 今後のご発展を祈って、乾杯！
- この契約の成功を祝して、乾杯！
Casual get-togethers with friends
- 久しぶり！乾杯！
- かんぱーい！
- よっしゃ、飲もう！
Formal events (weddings, banquets)
- 新郎新婦のご多幸を祈って、乾杯！
- 本日は誠におめでとうございます。乾杯！
- 皆様のご健勝を祝して、乾杯！
대화 시작하기
"What's the best way to propose a toast in Japanese?"
"Can you give me some examples of toasts for different occasions?"
"What should I do if someone proposes a toast to me?"
"Is it okay to say 'Kanpai!' if I'm not drinking alcohol?"
"What are some common mistakes to avoid when making a toast in Japan?"
일기 주제
Describe a time you participated in a Japanese toast. What was the occasion, and how did it feel?
Imagine you are hosting a party in Japan. What would you say before proposing a 'Kanpai!'?
Think about a celebration you've had in your own culture. How does the Japanese 'Kanpai!' ritual compare?
What are your personal feelings about toasting? Does the idea of 'Kanpai!' resonate with you?
Write a short dialogue between two friends making a toast in Japanese. Include their conversation leading up to the 'Kanpai!'.
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문乾杯 (かんぱい) literally translates to 'dry cup'. The character 乾 (kan) means 'dry', and 杯 (hai/pai) means 'cup'. This imagery suggests emptying one's cup in a toast, symbolizing sincerity and completion of the toast.
You should say 乾杯 (かんぱい) right before you drink, especially when making a toast with others. It's typically said after someone proposes a toast or when the group agrees to start drinking together.
No, you do not have to drink alcohol. It is perfectly acceptable and common to raise a non-alcoholic beverage (like water, tea, or juice) and say 乾杯 (かんぱい) along with everyone else to show your participation and solidarity.
Often, the host, the most senior person present, or the person who organized the gathering will initiate the 乾杯. However, in more casual settings, anyone can propose a toast.
The most common gesture is to raise your glass. Sometimes, people will lightly clink their glasses together. In more formal settings, a slight bow might accompany the toast.
While 乾杯 is most commonly used in group settings, you can say it to one person if you are specifically toasting them or sharing a drink together. However, it's more frequently heard when a group is drinking.
The word itself, 乾杯 (かんぱい), remains the same. However, the phrases used to initiate or accompany the toast can vary in formality. For example, '乾杯しましょう' (Let's toast) is a suggestion, while a formal speech might precede the 乾杯.
It's okay! Most Japanese people are understanding of learners. Try to pronounce it as 'kan-pai' with the stress on 'pai'. Listening to native speakers and practicing is the best way to improve. Even a slightly imperfect pronunciation is usually understood in context.
乾杯 (kanpai) is specifically for toasting. Words like 飲む (nomu - to drink) refer to the general act of drinking, and 酒 (sake) refers to alcohol itself. 乾杯 is the exclamation used to mark the start of drinking together in a celebratory manner.
Yes, absolutely. Among close friends, you might hear more enthusiastic or slightly varied ways of saying it, like 'かんぱーい！' with a drawn-out sound, or even just a nod and a raised glass followed by the word. It's always about shared enjoyment.
셀프 테스트 8 질문
/ 8 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
乾杯 (かんぱい) is the Japanese word for 'Cheers!' It is used to make a toast, typically before drinking alcohol, to celebrate an occasion, express good wishes, or foster camaraderie. It is a fundamental part of social gatherings in Japan.
- Kanpai (乾杯) means 'Cheers!' in Japanese.
- Used when making a toast before drinking.
- Common in parties, restaurants, and social gatherings.
- A gesture of celebration and good wishes.
Master the 'N' Sound
The 'n' in 乾杯 (かんぱい) is a nasal sound, similar to the 'ng' in 'sing'. Practice saying it to sound more natural. The 'pai' sounds like the English word 'pie'.
Follow the Lead
In group settings, it's polite to wait for someone else, often the host or senior person, to initiate the toast. Observe and follow their cue for when and how to say 乾杯.
The Gesture Matters
When saying 乾杯, remember to raise your glass. This accompanying gesture is as important as the word itself in conveying camaraderie and respect.
Non-Alcoholic Participation
If you're not drinking alcohol, it's perfectly fine to raise your water, tea, or juice glass and say 乾杯. It shows you are part of the group's shared moment.
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