A2 adjective 중립 2분 분량

公平な

/koːhe̞ːna̠/
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Overview

The Japanese word '公平な' (kōhei na) is a 'na-adjective' meaning fair, impartial, or equitable. Na-adjectives directly modify nouns by adding 'na' (な) after the adjective stem, as in '公平な判断' (kōhei na handan - a fair judgment). When used predicatively at the end of a sentence, the 'na' is often dropped, or it is followed by the copula 'da' (だ) or 'desu' (です), for example, 'その決定は公平だ' (sono kettei wa kōhei da - that decision is fair).

The kanji '公' (kō) generally means public, official, or open, while '平' (hei) means flat, even, or level. Combined, '公平' conveys the idea of an even playing field or an unbiased perspective, where everyone is treated equally without favoritism. This concept is crucial in various contexts, from legal proceedings and sports to everyday interactions and moral judgments.

'公平な' can be applied to describe a person, a system, a judgment, a rule, or an action. For instance, a '公平な先生' (kōhei na sensei) is a fair teacher who treats all students equally. A '公平な競争' (kōhei na kyōsō) refers to a fair competition where everyone has an equal chance. The term emphasizes the absence of prejudice or favoritism, highlighting a balanced and just approach. It is an important concept in Japanese society, which values harmony and equitable treatment within groups.

예시

1

公平な判断を下す。

裁判において、彼は公平な判断を下した。

Make a fair judgment.

2

公平な立場から物事を考える。

議論では、公平な立場から物事を考えることが重要だ。

Consider things from an impartial standpoint.

3

先生は生徒全員に公平な態度で接した。

先生は生徒全員に公平な態度で接したため、皆から信頼されている。

The teacher treated all students fairly.

4

公平な競争環境が必要だ。

スポーツでは、公平な競争環境が何よりも重要だ。

A fair competitive environment is necessary.

5

その決定は公平ではなかった。

彼の個人的な感情が入り、その決定は公平ではなかった。

That decision was not fair.

자주 쓰는 조합

公平な判断
公平な競争
公平な扱い
公平な視点

자주 혼동되는 단어

公平な 대 中立な

Both mean 'neutral' or 'impartial', but '公平な' specifically emphasizes fairness and equal treatment, while '中立な' focuses on not taking sides in a conflict.

公平な 대 公正な

Both mean 'fair' or 'just'. They are often interchangeable, but '公正な' can sometimes carry a stronger nuance of legality or adherence to rules and principles, whereas '公平な' leans more towards equal distribution or treatment.

公平な 대 平等な

Both relate to equality. '平等な' (byōdō na) means 'equal' or 'even', focusing on sameness in status, rights, or treatment. '公平な' (kōhei na) means 'fair' or 'impartial', focusing on justice and unbiased treatment, which may not always mean identical treatment if circumstances differ.

문법 패턴

公平な + noun (e.g., 公平な判断 - fair judgment) 〜に対して公平な (e.g., 全ての参加者に対して公平な - fair to all participants) 公平に + verb (e.g., 公平に扱う - to treat fairly)

사용법

사용 참고사항

When using '公平な' (kōhei na), it functions as a na-adjective, meaning it modifies a noun directly (e.g., 公平な判断 - kōhei na handan, 'fair judgment') or can be used predicatively with 'です' (desu) or 'だ' (da) (e.g., その扱いは公平です - sono atsukaii wa kōhei desu, 'that treatment is fair'). It specifically denotes impartiality and equal treatment, making it suitable for situations where objectivity and a lack of bias are important. While '公正な' (kōsei na) is a close synonym, '公平な' often carries a slightly stronger nuance of even-handedness and a balanced perspective, particularly when dealing with multiple parties or opinions. It's frequently used in discussions about justice, ethics, and social equity, and can be applied to people, systems, decisions, or actions. For example, '公平な競争' (kōhei na kyōsō) means 'fair competition'.

자주 하는 실수

One common mistake is confusing 公平な (kouheina) with 公開 (koukai), which means 'open to the public' or 'disclosure'. While both share '公', their meanings are quite different. 公平な refers specifically to fairness and impartiality in treatment or judgment, whereas 公開 refers to making something accessible or known to many people. Another potential mistake is not using the な-adjective form correctly when modifying a noun. For example, it's '公平な判断' (kouheina handan - a fair judgment), not just '公平判断'. Also, ensure you differentiate it from similar-sounding words like 公僕 (kouboku - public servant), which has a completely different meaning. Sometimes, learners might use it interchangeably with 正しい (tadashii - correct/right), but while a fair decision is often correct, fairness specifically implies impartiality and equal treatment, which isn't always the primary nuance of 正しい. Focus on the 'impartiality' aspect to keep it distinct.

어원

From Middle Chinese 公平 (kōw-pyang, “fair; impartial”). Appears in texts from the 1000s.

문화적 맥락

In Japanese culture, the concept of '公平な' (kōhei na) or fairness is deeply valued, often rooted in principles of harmony (和, wa) and social order. This extends from personal interactions to institutional practices. For example, in a workplace, a '公平な' boss is highly respected, as they are seen to distribute tasks, opportunities, and evaluations without favoritism. Similarly, in legal and administrative contexts, the expectation of '公平な' treatment is paramount, emphasizing impartiality and equal application of rules for all citizens. This cultural emphasis on fairness often encourages a meticulous approach to decision-making, aiming to consider all perspectives and avoid any perception of bias, which could disrupt group harmony or social trust.

암기 팁

Visualize a judge weighing two sides of a scale perfectly evenly. The '公' (kou) can sound a bit like 'ko-oh' which might remind you of 'equal' or 'fair'. The '平' (hei) means flat or even, reinforcing the idea of fairness.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

'公平な' (kōhei na) in Japanese means 'fair' or 'impartial.' It describes a situation or a person that treats all rivals or disputants equally, without favoritism or bias. This term emphasizes equity and justice in judgment or action, ensuring that every individual or party receives the same consideration and treatment. It's often used in contexts like legal proceedings, sports, or any scenario where unbiased conduct is expected to maintain trust and order. Understanding this nuance is key to effective communication in Japanese settings where fairness is valued.

Certainly! You could say, '彼は公平な判断を下した' (Kare wa kōhei na handan o kudashita), which translates to 'He made a fair judgment.' Another example might be, '公平な競争を望みます' (Kōhei na kyōsō o nozomimasu), meaning 'I hope for a fair competition.' This term is quite versatile and can be applied to describe a person, a decision, a system, or even a contest, highlighting the characteristic of impartiality and equal treatment across various situations.

Yes, there are several similar terms in Japanese. For instance, '公正な' (kōsei na) is very close in meaning, also translating to 'fair' or 'just,' and is often used interchangeably with '公平な.' Another related term is '中立な' (chūritsu na), which means 'neutral,' implying a lack of bias or alignment with any particular side. While '公平な' emphasizes equal treatment, '中立な' focuses more on taking no side. Additionally, '平等な' (byōdō na) means 'equal' or 'even,' suggesting uniformity in distribution or opportunity.

In Japanese culture, '公平な' holds significant value, reflecting a societal emphasis on harmony and order. The concept of fairness is deeply ingrained in various aspects of life, from business practices to interpersonal relationships. Ensuring impartiality helps maintain trust and prevent conflict, which are crucial for collective well-being. While individual expression is respected, the idea of treating everyone equally and avoiding favoritism is often seen as a cornerstone of ethical conduct, contributing to a stable and respectful social environment.

셀프 테스트

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田中先生はいつも生徒に対して＿＿＿＿だ。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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彼はどんな状況でも＿＿＿＿判断を下すことができる。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
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審判は試合中、両チームに＿＿＿＿態度で臨んだ。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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