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B1 noun 10분 분량

看病

예시 看病 30초 만에
설명 看病 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you should learn '看病 (kanbyō)' as a word for 'taking care of someone who is sick.' In Japan, when someone has a cold or a fever, their family stays with them. This is 'kanbyō.' You can use it simply as 'kanbyō o shimasu' (I will take care of the sick person). Think of it as a special kind of 'helping' for when someone is in bed with a sickness. It usually happens at home. For example, if your friend is sick, you might say 'Kanbyō shimasu' to show you want to help them. It is a very kind word. You don't need to know the difficult kanji yet, but remember that 'kan' is like 'to look' and 'byō' is like 'sick.' This word is very common in stories and daily life in Japan because family is very important.
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At the A2 level, you can start using '看病 (kanbyō)' as a suru-verb: 'kanbyō suru.' You should understand that it is different from 'sewa' (general care). While you 'sewa' a dog or a plant, you 'kanbyō' a person with a fever. At this level, you can make sentences like 'Haha wa watashi o kanbyō shite kuremashita' (My mother nursed me). This uses the 'te-kuremasu' grammar to show that the mother did something kind for you. You will also hear this word in the context of school or work absences. If you need to stay home to look after a sick brother, you can say 'Otōto no kanbyō ga arimasu.' It is a useful word for explaining your situation to teachers or bosses.
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At the B1 level, you should distinguish '看病 (kanbyō)' from its more professional counterpart '看護 (kango).' While 'kango' is what a nurse (kangoshi) does in a hospital using medical equipment, 'kanbyō' is the bedside care provided by loved ones. You should be able to use 'kanbyō' in more complex sentences, such as 'Kanbyō no kai atte, chichi wa genki ni narimashita' (Thanks to the nursing, my father got well). This level also introduces the idea of 'kanbyō-zukare' (nursing fatigue), acknowledging that looking after someone is hard work. You might encounter this word in literature or dramas where the act of 'kanbyō' is a key plot point to show a character's devotion.
At the B2 level, you should understand the deeper social and emotional nuances of '看病 (kanbyō).' It often implies a 'tsukikkiri' (constant) presence. You can use it to discuss social issues, such as the burden of 'kanbyō' on women in traditional family structures or the balance between work and caregiving. You should also be comfortable with formal expressions like 'teatsui kanbyō' (devoted nursing). At this level, you can describe the specific actions involved in 'kanbyō' using a variety of verbs: 'netsu o hakaru' (take temperature), 'hiyakasu' (cool down), and 'okayu o tsukuru' (make porridge). You understand that 'kanbyō' is a temporary but intense period of care, distinct from the long-term 'kaigo' (elderly care).
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At the C1 level, you can analyze '看病 (kanbyō)' in historical and literary contexts. You might explore how the concept of 'kanbyō' has shifted from a communal responsibility in the Edo period to a private, nuclear-family responsibility in modern Japan. You can use the word in academic or professional discussions about 'home-based care' (zaitaku kea) and the psychological impact on the caregiver. You are familiar with literary descriptions where 'kanbyō' is used as a metaphor for devotion or even a form of penance. You can also distinguish the subtle differences between 'kanbyō,' 'kango,' 'kaigo,' and 'kaihō' in nuanced scenarios, such as legal or medical ethics discussions regarding the duties of family members.
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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of '看病 (kanbyō),' including its most subtle connotations in classical and modern literature. You can discuss the 'ethics of care' (kea no rinri) using this term and compare it to Western philosophical concepts of nursing. You understand how 'kanbyō' is portrayed in different media to evoke specific cultural emotions (like 'mono no aware' or 'amae'). You can use the word in high-level socio-political debates regarding the 'care crisis' in an aging society, articulating how traditional 'kanbyō' expectations clash with modern economic realities. Your usage is indistinguishable from a native speaker, employing the word with perfect register and emotional weight in any context, from a formal eulogy to a complex medical sociology paper.
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예시

看病 30초 만에

  • Kanbyō means nursing or caring for a sick person, usually in a personal setting like home.
  • It is a suru-verb (kanbyō suru) and is commonly used for family care.
  • It differs from professional nursing (kango) and elderly care (kaigo).
  • The word carries a strong emotional nuance of devotion and kindness.

The Japanese word 看病 (かんびょう - kanbyō) is a deeply resonant term that encapsulates the act of nursing, tending to, or caring for a person who is suffering from an illness or injury. At its core, the word is composed of two kanji characters: 看 (kan), which means to watch, see, or look after, and 病 (byō), which refers to sickness or disease. Together, they create a concept that is less about the clinical, professional administration of medicine and more about the holistic, often personal, act of staying by someone's side to ensure their comfort and recovery.

In Japanese society, kanbyō is most frequently used in the context of family members or close friends looking after one another. For instance, when a child has a fever, the mother or father will perform kanbyō. This might involve changing cooling pads (like the popular 'Netsu-sama sheet'), preparing easily digestible food like okayu (rice porridge), and monitoring the patient's temperature throughout the night. It implies a level of emotional labor and physical presence that goes beyond simply giving someone a pill.

Etymological Nuance
The character 看 (kan) is particularly interesting because it depicts a hand (手) over an eye (目), suggesting the act of looking into the distance or watching over something with care. This emphasizes that nursing is fundamentally an act of 'watching over' the patient.
Social Context
While 'kango' (看護) refers to professional nursing done by licensed nurses in a hospital, 'kanbyō' is the word you use when you are the one doing the caring at home or at a loved one's bedside.

母は一晩中、私の看病をしてくれた。
(Haha wa hitobanjū, watashi no kanbyō o shite kureta.)
My mother nursed me all through the night.

The term is also a 'suru-verb' (看病する), making it very versatile in daily conversation. You might hear it in anime or dramas when a character catches a 'typical' Japanese cold after being caught in the rain; the emotional climax often involves the love interest coming over to perform kanbyō, which serves as a powerful signal of their deep affection and commitment. This cultural trope highlights that kanbyō is considered a supreme act of kindness and intimacy in Japanese culture.

Historically, before the modernization of the Japanese medical system, kanbyō was the primary form of healthcare available to the common people. It was often communal, with neighbors helping each other during outbreaks. Today, even with advanced hospitals, the 'spirit of kanbyō' remains a cornerstone of Japanese family values, where being 'looked after' by a loved one is seen as essential for spiritual and physical healing. In professional settings, a doctor might tell a family member, 'O-uchi de yukkuri kanbyō shite agete kudasai' (Please take good care of them at home), acknowledging that the care provided by the family is just as important as the clinical treatment provided at the hospital.

Using 看病 (kanbyō) correctly requires understanding its grammatical flexibility as both a noun and a suru-verb. The most common structure involves the particle を (o) followed by する (suru) to indicate the act of nursing someone. However, the person being nursed is usually indicated using the possessive particle の (no) or the target particle に (ni) depending on the verb choice.

Standard Suru-Verb Usage
[Person A] が [Person B] の 看病をする。
Example: 妻が夫の看病をする (The wife nurses her husband).
Passive/Receiving Care
[Person B] は [Person A] に看病してもらう。
Example: 私は母に看病してもらった (I had my mother nurse me).

仕事よりも子供の看病を優先した。
(Shigoto yori mo kodomo no kanbyō o yūsen shita.)
I prioritized nursing my child over my work.

It is important to note the intensity of the word. Kanbyō is not just 'checking in' on someone; it implies a sustained effort. Therefore, you will often see it paired with adverbs like つきっきりで (tsukikkiri de - constantly at one's side) or 手厚く (teatsuku - devotedly/warmly). These modifiers emphasize the dedication of the caregiver. For example, 'Tsukikkiri de kanbyō suru' means to stay by the patient's side without leaving, even for a moment.

Another common pattern is using kanbyō in the context of exhaustion. The phrase 看病疲れ (kanbyō-zukare - nursing fatigue) is a recognized term used to describe the physical and mental toll that caring for a sick person takes on the caregiver. This shows that the word covers the entire experience of caregiving, including its hardships. In formal writing, you might see kanbyō replaced by kango (看護) if the context is medical, but in a personal letter or a diary entry, kanbyō remains the standard choice for expressing the warmth of personal care.

彼は彼女を看病するために休暇を取った。
(Kare wa kanojo o kanbyō suru tame ni kyūka o totta.)
He took a leave of absence to nurse her.

In real-life Japan, 看病 (kanbyō) is a word that surfaces during the flu season, after accidents, or in the quiet moments of domestic life. You will hear it in the workplace when someone explains their absence: 'Musume no kanbyō de yasumimasu' (I will be absent to nurse my daughter). This is a socially accepted and respected reason for missing work, reflecting the cultural emphasis on family care.

In the medical field, while nurses are called kangoshi, doctors often use the word kanbyō when talking to the patient's family. They might provide instructions on how to perform kanbyō at home, such as managing hydration or monitoring symptoms. It bridges the gap between professional medical advice and the practical reality of home care.

In Media and Literature
In Japanese literature (especially 'I-novels' or Shishōsetsu), scenes of kanbyō are used to illustrate the depth of relationships. A character nursing a dying parent or a sick spouse is a recurring theme that explores themes of sacrifice and love.
In Drama/Anime Tropes
The 'Nursing Scene' is a staple in romance anime. When a protagonist falls ill, the love interest visits their house, wipes their forehead with a damp towel, and cooks porridge. This is always described as kanbyō.

「昨日は看病してくれてありがとう。」
(Kinō wa kanbyō shite kurete arigatō.)
'Thank you for nursing me yesterday.'

You might also encounter this word in news reports or documentaries discussing the 'double care' phenomenon—where individuals are simultaneously performing kanbyō for sick children and kaigo (long-term care) for elderly parents. In these contexts, kanbyō highlights the temporary but acute nature of caring for the sick. It is also used in historical contexts, such as describing the work of Florence Nightingale or the early Red Cross volunteers, who are often portrayed as the pinnacle of kanbyō spirit.

Ultimately, kanbyō is a word that signifies vulnerability and the strength of human bonds. Whether it is a mother whispering 'daijōbu' (it's okay) to a feverish child or a husband staying awake by his wife's hospital bed, kanbyō is the linguistic vessel for that care. When you hear this word, think of the quiet, steady presence of someone who refuses to let another suffer alone.

While 看病 (kanbyō) is a straightforward term, English speakers often mix it up with related Japanese words due to the broad nature of the English word 'care' or 'nursing'. The most frequent mistake is using kanbyō when kaigo (介護) or kango (看護) is more appropriate.

Kanbyō vs. Kaigo (介護)
Mistake: Using kanbyō for an elderly person who is not 'sick' but simply needs help with daily living.
Correction: Use kaigo for long-term care, elderly care, or disability support. Kanbyō is for recovery from illness.
Kanbyō vs. Kango (看護)
Mistake: Referring to a professional nurse's job as kanbyō.
Correction: A nurse's profession is kango. While a nurse performs kanbyō-like actions, their official role and professional duties are kango.
Kanbyō vs. Kaihō (介抱)
Mistake: Using kanbyō for someone who passed out from drinking or fainted.
Correction: Use kaihō for 'looking after' someone in an emergency or temporary state of unconsciousness/drunkenness.

❌ おじいちゃんの看病を毎日しています (If he is just old).
✅ おじいちゃんの介護を毎日しています。
(I provide long-term care for my grandfather daily.)

Another common error is the use of particles. Many learners try to use the particle に (ni) directly with kanbyō suru (e.g., *Kodomo ni kanbyō suru). In Japanese, you nurse a 'person's illness' or 'the person' using the possessive の (no). The correct form is 子供の看病をする. If you want to use ni, you must use the causative or receiving form: Kodomo ni kanbyō shite ageru (To do the act of nursing for the child).

Finally, remember that kanbyō implies a certain level of physical intimacy or closeness. It would be strange to say you are performing kanbyō for a stranger you found on the street; in that case, kaihō (介抱) or kyūjo (救助 - rescue) would be much more natural. Kanbyō is the word of the home, the family, and the heart.

To truly master 看病 (kanbyō), you should understand how it sits within a cluster of related Japanese terms for 'care'. Each word has a specific domain and nuance that distinguishes it from the others.

看護 (Kango)
Professional nursing. This is what you find in a hospital (byōin). It involves medical knowledge, administering shots, and formal patient management. While kanbyō is personal, kango is clinical.
介護 (Kaigo)
Long-term care. This is used for the elderly (kōreisha) or people with permanent disabilities. It focuses on 'daily life activities' (ADLs) like bathing, eating, and dressing, rather than recovering from a specific illness.
介抱 (Kaihō)
Tending to someone in a temporary state of distress. If someone faints in the heat or drinks too much at a party, you 'kaihō' them. It suggests immediate, short-term assistance to get someone back on their feet.
世話 (Sewa)
General care or looking after. This is the most broad term. You can 'sewa' a pet, a plant, or a guest. It doesn't necessarily imply the person is sick.

Comparison Chart:
• 看病: Sick person + Home/Personal
• 看護: Sick person + Hospital/Professional
• 介護: Elderly/Disabled + Long-term
• 介抱: Fainted/Drunk + Immediate

In modern Japanese, you might also see the katakana word ケア (kea). This is often used in social work or psychological contexts (e.g., 'mentaru kea' - mental care). However, kea is rarely used for the physical act of nursing someone through a fever at home; kanbyō remains the preferred term for that specific scenario.

Choosing the right word depends on the 'who,' 'where,' and 'how long.' If you are staying up all night with a sick child, it is kanbyō. If you are a professional in a white uniform, it is kango. If you are helping your grandmother with her daily walk, it is kaigo. Understanding these distinctions will make your Japanese sound much more natural and empathetic.

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수준별 예문

1

母は私を看病しました。

My mother nursed me.

Uses the past tense of the suru-verb 'kanbyō suru'.

2

看病は大変ですか。

Is nursing (the sick) hard?

Uses 'kanbyō' as a noun.

3

弟の看病をします。

I will nurse my younger brother.

Standard noun + o + shimasu structure.

4

看病、ありがとう。

Thanks for nursing me.

Informal use of the noun as a thank-you.

5

父が看病してくれます。

My father nurses me (as a favor).

Uses '~te kuremasu' to show gratitude for the action.

6

毎日看病しました。

I nursed (them) every day.

Adverb 'mainichi' modifying the verb.

7

看病が必要です。

Nursing is necessary.

Noun + ga hitsuyō desu (needs something).

8

やさしく看病します。

I will nurse (them) kindly.

Adverb 'yasashiku' modifying the verb.

1

風邪をひいたので、母に看病してもらった。

Since I caught a cold, I had my mother nurse me.

Uses '~te morau' (to receive an action).

2

昨日は一日中、妹の看病をしていた。

Yesterday, I was nursing my sister all day long.

Uses the continuous past tense '~te ita'.

3

看病のために学校を休みました。

I was absent from school to nurse (someone).

Uses 'no tame ni' to show purpose.

4

彼女は一生懸命に彼を看病した。

She nursed him with all her might.

Uses the adverbial phrase 'isshōkenmei ni'.

5

看病のおかげで、すぐに良くなりました。

Thanks to the nursing, I got well soon.

Uses 'no okage de' (thanks to...).

6

誰が看病するのですか。

Who is going to do the nursing?

Question form with 'no desu ka' for explanation.

7

看病はとても疲れました。

Nursing was very tiring.

Simple noun-adjective sentence.

8

一人で看病するのは大変です。

It is hard to nurse someone by yourself.

Uses 'no wa' to nominalize the action.

1

母の看病に専念するために仕事を辞めた。

I quit my job to devote myself to nursing my mother.

Uses 'ni sennen suru' (to devote oneself to).

2

手厚い看病を受けて、彼は奇跡的に回復した。

Receiving devoted nursing, he recovered miraculously.

Uses 'teatsui' (devoted/thick) as an adjective.

3

看病疲れで、自分まで体調を崩してしまった。

Due to nursing fatigue, I even ruined my own health.

Uses the compound noun 'kanbyō-zukare'.

4

夜通しの看病で、彼女の目は赤くなっていた。

From nursing through the night, her eyes had become red.

Uses 'yodōshi no' (through the night).

5

彼女は病床の夫を献身的に看病した。

She devotedly nursed her husband on his sickbed.

Uses 'kenshinteki ni' (devotedly).

6

看病の仕方を看護師さんに教わった。

I was taught how to nurse by the nurse.

Uses 'no shikata' (way of doing).

7

彼は家族の看病に追われている。

He is overwhelmed with nursing his family.

Uses 'ni owarete iru' (to be chased by/overwhelmed by).

8

看病の合間に少しだけ眠った。

I slept just a little in between nursing tasks.

Uses 'no aimani' (in the intervals of).

1

長引く看病が、家族の精神的な負担になっている。

Prolonged nursing is becoming a psychological burden on the family.

Uses 'nagabiku' (to be prolonged).

2

彼女はつきっきりで子供の看病に当たった。

She attended to nursing her child constantly without leaving.

Uses 'tsukikkiri de' (constantly at one's side).

3

看病の甲斐もなく、祖父は息を引き取った。

Despite the nursing, my grandfather passed away.

Uses 'no kai mo naku' (even though effort was made, it was in vain).

4

自宅で看病を続けるのは、今の状況では困難だ。

Continuing nursing at home is difficult in the current situation.

Uses 'no wa ... konnan da' (it is difficult to...).

5

看病を通して、命の尊さを改めて実感した。

Through nursing, I truly felt the preciousness of life again.

Uses 'o tōshite' (through/via).

6

適切な看病がなければ、回復は遅れていただろう。

Without proper nursing, recovery would likely have been delayed.

Conditional 'nakereba' + 'darō' (would have been).

7

看病の記録を細かくノートにつけている。

I am keeping detailed records of the nursing in a notebook.

Uses 'ni tsukete iru' (to record in).

8

看病する側にもケアが必要だという認識が広まっている。

The recognition that caregivers also need care is spreading.

Uses 'suru gawa' (the side that does).

1

看病という行為は、単なる医療補助を超えた情愛の表現である。

The act of nursing is an expression of affection that transcends mere medical assistance.

Uses 'to iu kōi' (the act called...).

2

彼女の献身的な看病ぶりは、周囲の人々を深く感動させた。

Her devoted way of nursing deeply moved the people around her.

Uses the suffix '~buri' (way of doing/manner).

3

近代以前、看病は地域共同体における重要な互助機能であった。

Before the modern era, nursing was an important mutual aid function in local communities.

Uses 'gojo kinō' (mutual aid function).

4

看病に明け暮れる日々の中で、彼女は自己の存在意義を見出した。

In the days spent entirely on nursing, she found the meaning of her own existence.

Uses 'ni akekureru' (to spend all one's time doing).

5

看病と仕事の両立を支援する制度の拡充が急務である。

Expanding systems that support balancing nursing and work is an urgent task.

Uses 'ryōritsu' (coexistence/balance).

6

作家はその小説の中で、老老看病の過酷な現実を描き出した。

The author depicted the harsh reality of the elderly nursing the elderly in that novel.

Uses 'rō-rō kanbyō' (elderly nursing elderly).

7

看病の負担を軽減するため、訪問看護の利用を検討すべきだ。

In order to reduce the burden of nursing, the use of home-visit nursing should be considered.

Uses 'keigen suru' (to reduce/lighten).

8

看病の最中に、ふとした瞬間に孤独を感じることがある。

In the middle of nursing, there are moments when one suddenly feels lonely.

Uses 'saichū ni' (in the middle of).

1

看病の極致は、沈黙のうちに相手の苦痛を分かち合うことにある。

The height of nursing lies in sharing the other person's pain in silence.

Uses 'kyokuchi' (pinnacle/height).

2

明治文学における看病の描写は、当時の死生観を色濃く反映している。

Descriptions of nursing in Meiji literature strongly reflect the views on life and death of that time.

Uses 'shiseikan' (view of life and death).

3

看病という私的な領域に、国家がいかに介入すべきかは難問である。

How the state should intervene in the private sphere of nursing is a difficult question.

Uses 'shiteki ryōiki' (private sphere).

4

看病の疲弊が招く悲劇を防ぐための、重層的な支援体制が不可欠だ。

A multi-layered support system is essential to prevent tragedies caused by the exhaustion of nursing.

Uses 'jūsōteki na' (multi-layered).

5

看病の歴史を紐解くと、それは女性の無償労働の歴史でもあったことがわかる。

Unraveling the history of nursing reveals that it was also a history of women's unpaid labor.

Uses 'himotoku' (to unravel/read).

6

看病における『寄り添い』の概念は、現象学的な視点からも考察されうる。

The concept of 'being close' in nursing can also be examined from a phenomenological perspective.

Uses 'genshōgakuteki' (phenomenological).

7

看病のさなかに垣間見える人間の尊厳に、私は幾度となく打たれた。

I have been struck many times by the human dignity glimpsed in the midst of nursing.

Uses 'sanaka ni' (in the midst of).

8

看病という営みが、AIやロボットによって代替可能かという議論がある。

There is a debate about whether the activity of nursing can be replaced by AI or robots.

Uses 'daitai kanō' (replaceable).

자주 쓰는 조합

看病をする
手厚い看病
看病疲れ
看病に当たる
一生懸命に看病する
つきっきりで看病する
看病の甲斐あって
看病を頼む
看病記録
看病休暇

자주 쓰는 구문

看病のおかげで

— Thanks to the nursing. Used to express gratitude for recovery.

皆様の看病のおかげで退院できました。

看病に専念する

— To devote oneself entirely to nursing someone.

仕事を休んで看病に専念する。

交代で看病する

— To take turns nursing someone.

家族が交代で看病しています。

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