sustentar 30초 만에
- Sustentar means to support financially or to maintain something.
- It's used for people, projects, structures, and ideas.
- The reflexive form 'sustentar-se' means to sustain oneself.
- Key contexts: family finance, business, construction, arguments.
The Portuguese verb sustentar is a versatile word that carries the core meaning of 'to support' or 'to maintain'. It's used in various contexts, ranging from providing financial aid to keeping something in a stable condition. Understanding its nuances will significantly enhance your comprehension and fluency in Portuguese.
- Financial Support
- One of the most common uses of 'sustentar' is to describe providing financial support for someone or something. This could be a parent supporting their children, a government supporting a project, or an organization supporting a cause. It implies a continuous provision of resources to ensure well-being or continued existence.
- Maintenance and Upkeep
- Beyond finances, 'sustentar' also means to maintain something in a particular state or condition. This can refer to physical structures, like sustaining a building's integrity, or abstract concepts, like sustaining an argument or a relationship. It involves actions taken to prevent decline or collapse and to ensure longevity.
- Endurance and Holding Up
- In some contexts, 'sustentar' can imply endurance or the ability to hold up under pressure. For example, a material might be strong enough to 'sustentar' a heavy load, or a person might have the resilience to 'sustentar' difficult circumstances. This meaning emphasizes strength and the capacity to resist forces that would cause damage or failure.
- Upholding Principles or Beliefs
- 'Sustentar' can also be used to describe the act of upholding or defending one's principles, beliefs, or a particular viewpoint. It signifies a firm commitment to an idea or cause and the active effort to maintain its validity or influence.
A família precisa de alguém para sustentar os filhos.
É importante sustentar a estrutura do prédio para evitar desabamentos.
O governo anunciou medidas para sustentar a economia durante a crise.
- Everyday Scenarios
- You'll encounter 'sustentar' in discussions about personal finance, family responsibilities, building maintenance, political stability, and even in scientific contexts when discussing the strength of materials or the endurance of organisms. It's a word that reflects responsibility, resilience, and continuity.
Mastering 'sustentar' involves understanding its grammatical behavior and the prepositional phrases it commonly pairs with. As a verb, it conjugates according to standard Portuguese rules, and its meaning can be refined by the context and the object it acts upon.
- Direct Object
- 'Sustentar' often takes a direct object, indicating what is being supported or maintained. For example, 'sustentar a família' (to support the family), 'sustentar a casa' (to maintain the house), or 'sustentar uma ideia' (to uphold an idea).
- Indirect Object or Prepositional Phrases
- While less common, 'sustentar' can sometimes be used with indirect objects or specific prepositional phrases to clarify the nature of the support. However, the primary usage involves direct objects or implied support.
- Reflexive Use (Sustentar-se)
- The reflexive form, 'sustentar-se', means 'to sustain oneself' or 'to manage to live/survive'. This is often used in contexts of economic survival or personal resilience. For example, 'Ele consegue sustentar-se com seu trabalho' (He manages to sustain himself with his work).
Os pais trabalham duro para sustentar os filhos na universidade.
A empresa precisa sustentar a sua reputação no mercado.
Com muito esforço, ela conseguiu sustentar-se após perder o emprego.
- Verb Conjugation
- 'Sustentar' is a regular -ar verb. In the present tense, for example, it conjugates as: eu sustento, tu sustentas, ele/ela/você sustenta, nós sustentamos, vós sustentais, eles/elas/vocês sustentam. The past and future tenses follow the same pattern as other regular -ar verbs.
You'll encounter 'sustentar' in a wide array of spoken and written Portuguese, reflecting its diverse applications. Listening for it in different contexts will help you grasp its precise meaning in each situation.
- Family and Personal Discussions
- In everyday conversations, people often use 'sustentar' when talking about financial responsibilities towards family members. 'Quem vai sustentar a casa agora?' (Who will support the household now?) is a common question in challenging economic times.
- News and Current Affairs
- News reports frequently use 'sustentar' when discussing government policies, economic aid, or social programs. 'O governo prometeu sustentar as pequenas empresas' (The government promised to support small businesses) might appear in an economic news segment.
- Construction and Engineering
- In discussions about infrastructure, 'sustentar' is used to describe the ability of structures to withstand loads and environmental factors. 'A fundação foi projetada para sustentar o peso do edifício' (The foundation was designed to sustain the building's weight) is a typical technical statement.
- Academic and Debates
- In academic settings or debates, 'sustentar' is used to mean 'to uphold' or 'to maintain' an argument or a position. 'Ele tentou sustentar sua tese com evidências concretas' (He tried to sustain his thesis with concrete evidence).
O programa visa sustentar a produção agrícola local.
A terapia ajudou-a a sustentar-se emocionalmente após a perda.
Learners of Portuguese sometimes make mistakes with 'sustentar' due to its multiple meanings or by confusing it with similar-sounding words. Being aware of these common pitfalls can help you use the word correctly.
- Confusing with 'Suportar'
- While 'suportar' also means 'to support', it often carries a stronger connotation of bearing a burden or enduring something unpleasant. 'Sustentar' is more about providing active support, maintenance, or financial aid. For instance, you 'sustentam' your family financially, but you might 'suportam' a difficult boss or a heavy workload. Using 'sustentar' when you mean 'to tolerate' or 'to bear' would be incorrect.
- Incorrect Conjugation
- As a regular -ar verb, 'sustentar' follows predictable conjugation patterns. However, learners might mistakenly conjugate it like an irregular verb, especially under pressure. For example, saying 'eu sustenho' instead of 'eu sustento' is a common error. Always double-check the conjugation rules for regular verbs.
- Misinterpreting 'Sustentar-se'
- The reflexive form 'sustentar-se' means 'to sustain oneself' or 'to manage to live'. Learners might incorrectly use the non-reflexive form when the reflexive meaning is intended, or vice versa. For example, saying 'Ele sustenta com o seu trabalho' instead of 'Ele consegue sustentar-se com o seu trabalho' might sound incomplete or awkward, implying he supports something else with his work rather than supporting himself.
- Overuse in Specific Contexts
- While 'sustentar' is versatile, it's not always the most natural or precise word. For instance, when talking about general physical strength, 'aguentar' (to hold, to withstand) might be more common than 'sustentar'. Using 'sustentar' excessively in contexts where other verbs are more idiomatic can make your Portuguese sound unnatural.
Incorrect: Eu sustenho a minha família.
Correct: Eu sustento a minha família.
Incorrect: Ele sustenta o peso da porta.
Correct: Ele suporta o peso da porta.
While 'sustentar' is a versatile verb, Portuguese offers other words that can be used in similar contexts, each with its own subtle differences in meaning and usage. Understanding these alternatives will help you choose the most precise word for your needs.
- Suportar
- Meaning: To bear, to endure, to tolerate, to support (in the sense of holding up or carrying weight).
- Difference: 'Suportar' often implies bearing a burden, enduring hardship, or tolerating something unpleasant. 'Sustentar' is more about providing active support, maintenance, or financial aid. You 'sustentam' your family, but you 'suportam' a difficult situation. 'Suportar' can also refer to the physical capacity to hold something heavy.
- Example: 'Eu não consigo mais suportar este barulho.' (I can no longer bear this noise.) vs. 'Eles precisam de ajuda para sustentar a casa.' (They need help to support the house.)
- Manter
- Meaning: To maintain, to keep, to preserve.
- Difference: 'Manter' is very close to 'sustentar' when referring to keeping something in good condition or preserving a state. However, 'manter' is broader and can also mean 'to keep' something in a certain place or 'to maintain' a relationship or a habit. 'Sustentar' often implies a more active effort to keep something from failing or declining, especially financially or structurally.
- Example: 'É preciso manter a calma.' (It's necessary to maintain calm.) vs. 'O trabalho ajuda a sustentar a família.' (The job helps to support the family.)
- Apoiar
- Meaning: To support (especially emotionally, morally, or politically), to back up.
- Difference: 'Apoiar' is primarily used for moral, emotional, or political support. You 'apoiam' a friend in need, or you 'apoiam' a political candidate. While 'sustentar' can sometimes overlap in the sense of providing ongoing support, 'apoiar' is the go-to verb for backing someone or something ideologically or emotionally.
- Example: 'Eu apoio a sua decisão.' (I support your decision.) vs. 'Ele precisa de alguém para sustentar as despesas da casa.' (He needs someone to sustain the household expenses.)
- Agüentar
- Meaning: To withstand, to hold out, to endure, to tolerate.
- Difference: 'Agüentar' is very similar to 'suportar' in its meaning of enduring or withstanding. It's often used for physical endurance or the ability to tolerate difficult conditions. 'Sustentar' focuses more on the act of providing support or maintaining something, rather than just enduring it.
- Example: 'O carro não agüenta mais subidas.' (The car can no longer withstand climbs.) vs. 'Precisamos sustentar a nossa equipa com aplausos.' (We need to sustain our team with applause.)
How Formal Is It?
재미있는 사실
The Latin root 'tenere' (to hold) is also the origin of many English words like 'maintain', 'contain', 'obtain', and 'tenure', highlighting a shared linguistic heritage in the concept of holding or keeping.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing the 's' as 'z'.
- Incorrectly stressing the second syllable instead of the last.
- Not fully articulating the final 'r' sound.
난이도
The verb 'sustentar' is common and appears in various contexts. While its basic meaning is clear, understanding its nuances in financial, structural, and abstract applications requires practice. Recognizing its different uses in formal and informal texts is key.
Producing grammatically correct sentences with 'sustentar' is achievable for intermediate learners. The challenge lies in choosing the most appropriate synonym and context, especially when distinguishing between 'sustentar', 'apoiar', and 'suportar'.
Using 'sustentar' in spontaneous conversation can be challenging due to its multiple meanings. Learners might hesitate to use it correctly or might opt for simpler verbs. Practicing its reflexive form 'sustentar-se' is also important.
Comprehending 'sustentar' in spoken Portuguese is generally manageable, especially in clear contexts. However, in fast-paced speech or ambiguous situations, distinguishing its precise meaning from similar verbs might require careful attention.
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Conjugation of regular -ar verbs
'Sustentar' follows the standard conjugation pattern for verbs ending in -ar (e.g., falar, cantar, amar).
Use of infinitives after modal verbs
Eu quero sustentar a minha família. (I want to support my family.)
Reflexive verbs
Ele conseguiu sustentar-se com o seu trabalho. (He managed to sustain himself with his work.)
Passive voice
A ponte é sustentada por pilares fortes. (The bridge is sustained by strong pillars.)
Preposition 'para' + infinitive
Ele trabalha para sustentar seus filhos. (He works to support his children.)
수준별 예문
O pai sustenta a família.
The father supports the family.
Present tense, regular verb conjugation.
Ela sustenta o seu irmão.
She supports her brother.
Direct object pronoun 'o seu'.
Precisamos sustentar a casa.
We need to maintain the house.
'Precisamos de' followed by infinitive.
Eles sustentam a tradição.
They uphold the tradition.
Plural subject 'eles'.
O dinheiro sustenta o projeto.
The money sustains the project.
Singular subject 'o dinheiro'.
Eu sustento minhas ideias.
I uphold my ideas.
Possessive adjective 'minhas'.
Você sustenta quem?
Who do you support?
Interrogative sentence.
Ele sustenta o peso.
He bears the weight.
Simple present tense.
Os pais trabalham para sustentar os filhos.
The parents work to support their children.
Infinitive 'sustentar' after 'para'.
A empresa precisa sustentar sua posição no mercado.
The company needs to maintain its position in the market.
Possessive adjective 'sua'.
É difícil sustentar uma família com um salário baixo.
It is difficult to support a family on a low salary.
Impersonal construction 'É difícil'.
O governo prometeu sustentar os programas sociais.
The government promised to sustain the social programs.
Past tense verb 'prometeu'.
A viga foi projetada para sustentar muito peso.
The beam was designed to sustain a lot of weight.
Passive voice 'foi projetada'.
Ela consegue sustentar-se com seu trabalho autônomo.
She manages to sustain herself with her freelance work.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se'.
Precisamos sustentar a nossa reputação.
We need to sustain our reputation.
Possessive pronoun 'nossa'.
A fundação sustenta o prédio.
The foundation sustains the building.
Simple present tense, singular subject.
O empreendedorismo é fundamental para sustentar a economia local.
Entrepreneurship is fundamental to sustaining the local economy.
Gerund used after preposition 'para'.
A resiliência é a capacidade de se sustentar diante das adversidades.
Resilience is the ability to sustain oneself in the face of adversity.
Reflexive pronoun 'se' with 'sustentar'.
Ele argumentou vigorosamente para sustentar sua posição no debate.
He argued vigorously to sustain his position in the debate.
Infinitive 'sustentar' after 'para'.
As novas políticas visam sustentar o crescimento do emprego.
The new policies aim to sustain job growth.
Verb 'visam' + infinitive.
É um dever cívico sustentar os valores democráticos.
It is a civic duty to sustain democratic values.
Impersonal 'É um dever'.
O artista conseguiu sustentar sua carreira com a venda de suas obras.
The artist managed to sustain his career with the sale of his works.
Past tense 'conseguiu' + infinitive.
A ponte foi construída para sustentar o tráfego intenso de veículos.
The bridge was built to sustain heavy vehicle traffic.
Passive voice 'foi construída'.
A organização busca meios para sustentar suas operações a longo prazo.
The organization seeks ways to sustain its operations in the long term.
Verb 'busca' + infinitive.
A estabilidade política é crucial para sustentar o desenvolvimento econômico de uma nação.
Political stability is crucial for sustaining the economic development of a nation.
Prepositional phrase 'para sustentar'.
Manter um estilo de vida saudável exige esforço contínuo para sustentar o bem-estar físico e mental.
Maintaining a healthy lifestyle requires continuous effort to sustain physical and mental well-being.
Gerund 'manter' as subject.
O autor procurou sustentar sua tese com uma vasta gama de evidências históricas e científicas.
The author sought to sustain his thesis with a wide range of historical and scientific evidence.
Infinitive 'sustentar' after 'procurou'.
A capacidade de uma sociedade se sustentar depende da gestão responsável dos seus recursos naturais.
A society's ability to sustain itself depends on the responsible management of its natural resources.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' as part of a noun phrase.
O debate girou em torno de como sustentar o sistema de previdência social para as futuras gerações.
The debate revolved around how to sustain the social security system for future generations.
Interrogative structure 'como sustentar'.
A inovação tecnológica é essencial para sustentar a competitividade de uma empresa no mercado global.
Technological innovation is essential for sustaining a company's competitiveness in the global market.
Adjective 'essencial' followed by 'para sustentar'.
O regime militar tentou sustentar o poder através da repressão, mas acabou por cair.
The military regime tried to sustain power through repression, but eventually fell.
Infinitive 'sustentar' after 'tentou'.
A educação de qualidade é o pilar que pode sustentar o progresso de qualquer nação.
Quality education is the pillar that can sustain the progress of any nation.
'Pilar que pode sustentar' - relative clause.
A sustentabilidade ambiental exige um compromisso coletivo para sustentar os ecossistemas para as gerações vindouras.
Environmental sustainability demands a collective commitment to sustain ecosystems for future generations.
Abstract noun 'sustentabilidade' related to the verb.
O desafio reside em como sustentar um crescimento econômico robusto sem exacerbar as desigualdades sociais.
The challenge lies in how to sustain robust economic growth without exacerbating social inequalities.
Complex clause 'como sustentar'.
A diplomacia cultural busca sustentar laços de entendimento mútuo entre diferentes povos e nações.
Cultural diplomacy seeks to sustain bonds of mutual understanding between different peoples and nations.
Abstract object 'laços de entendimento mútuo'.
O discurso político frequentemente se baseia em narrativas que buscam sustentar uma determinada visão de mundo.
Political discourse often relies on narratives that seek to sustain a particular worldview.
Subordinate clause 'que buscam sustentar'.
A pesquisa científica visa sustentar o avanço do conhecimento humano, mesmo que os resultados imediatos não sejam evidentes.
Scientific research aims to sustain the advancement of human knowledge, even if immediate results are not apparent.
Complex sentence structure with concessive clause.
A capacidade de um indivíduo se sustentar financeiramente é um fator determinante para a sua autonomia.
An individual's ability to sustain themselves financially is a determining factor for their autonomy.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' as part of a noun phrase.
O planejamento urbano deve considerar estratégias para sustentar a infraestrutura frente às mudanças climáticas.
Urban planning must consider strategies to sustain infrastructure in the face of climate change.
Prepositional phrase 'frente às mudanças climáticas'.
A arte tem o poder de sustentar a esperança em tempos de dificuldade e incerteza.
Art has the power to sustain hope in times of difficulty and uncertainty.
Abstract object 'esperança'.
A perpetuação de regimes autoritários muitas vezes se sustenta pela manipulação da informação e pela supressão do dissenso.
The perpetuation of authoritarian regimes often sustains itself through information manipulation and the suppression of dissent.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' with nuanced meaning.
A complexidade da geopolítica moderna reside na intrincada rede de alianças e interesses que buscam sustentar o equilíbrio de poder global.
The complexity of modern geopolitics lies in the intricate web of alliances and interests that seek to sustain the global balance of power.
Abstract object 'equilíbrio de poder global'.
A filosofia existencialista propõe que o indivíduo deve criar seu próprio sentido na vida para se sustentar em um universo aparentemente absurdo.
Existentialist philosophy proposes that the individual must create their own meaning in life to sustain themselves in an apparently absurd universe.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' in a philosophical context.
A resiliência de um ecossistema complexo é a sua capacidade intrínseca de se sustentar e adaptar frente a perturbações ambientais.
The resilience of a complex ecosystem is its intrinsic ability to sustain itself and adapt in the face of environmental disturbances.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' with emphasis on adaptation.
O debate sobre a inteligência artificial levanta questões sobre como sustentar a ética e a responsabilidade em sistemas cada vez mais autônomos.
The debate on artificial intelligence raises questions about how to sustain ethics and responsibility in increasingly autonomous systems.
Complex question structure 'como sustentar'.
A preservação do patrimônio cultural exige um esforço concertado para sustentar as tradições e a memória coletiva.
The preservation of cultural heritage requires a concerted effort to sustain traditions and collective memory.
Abstract objects 'tradições' and 'memória coletiva'.
A capacidade de uma sociedade democrática se sustentar a longo prazo está intrinsecamente ligada à participação cívica e à educação crítica.
The ability of a democratic society to sustain itself in the long term is intrinsically linked to civic participation and critical education.
Reflexive verb 'sustentar-se' in a political science context.
A arte contemporânea frequentemente desafia o espectador a sustentar uma reflexão crítica sobre a condição humana.
Contemporary art often challenges the viewer to sustain critical reflection on the human condition.
Abstract object 'reflexão crítica'.
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— To provide for one's family financially.
Ele trabalha muito para sustentar a família.
— To back up or justify a point of view with evidence or reasoning.
Você precisa de provas para sustentar o seu argumento.
— To manage the household expenses and upkeep.
Com a perda do emprego, ficou difícil sustentar a casa.
— To manage to live or survive, often financially.
Ela aprendeu a sustentar-se sozinha.
— To maintain one's belief or faith, especially during difficult times.
É importante sustentar a fé em momentos de dúvida.
— To provide the body with the necessary nutrients or energy.
Uma boa alimentação ajuda a sustentar o corpo.
— To keep a tradition alive and continue it.
A comunidade se esforça para sustentar a tradição dos festivais.
— To provide ongoing support, often financial, for a project.
Precisamos de investidores para sustentar o projeto.
— To work towards maintaining peace and stability.
Diplomatas trabalham para sustentar a paz entre as nações.
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Suportar' often implies enduring hardship or tolerating something unpleasant, whereas 'sustentar' is more about active provision or maintenance. You 'sustentam' your family and 'suportam' a difficult boss.
'Apoiar' is typically used for moral, emotional, or political backing, while 'sustentar' focuses more on financial or material provision and maintenance.
'Manter' is very close to 'sustentar' in the sense of preserving a state, but 'sustentar' often implies a more active effort to prevent decline or collapse, especially financially or structurally.
관용어 및 표현
— To earn enough money to provide for one's daily needs; to make a living.
Ele trabalha arduamente para sustentar o pão de cada dia da sua família.
Colloquial— To keep going, to maintain momentum, especially in a challenging or exciting situation.
A equipa conseguiu sustentar a onda de vitórias até ao final do campeonato.
Informal/Sporting— To endure a difficult situation or responsibility; to hold up under pressure.
Ela teve que sustentar a barra da empresa sozinha por um tempo.
Colloquial— To maintain one's breath, often used in contexts of singing, playing an instrument, or physical exertion.
O cantor precisou sustentar o fôlego para atingir as notas altas.
Musical/Physical— To keep hope, love, or passion alive.
Eles se esforçam para sustentar a chama do romance após tantos anos.
Figurative/Romantic— To maintain one's stance or opinion, especially in a debate or negotiation.
O advogado conseguiu sustentar a posição do seu cliente com sucesso.
Formal/Legal— To be able to keep laughing, or to keep something humorous going.
O comediante fez a plateia sustentar o riso durante todo o espetáculo.
Humorous— To hold someone's gaze; to look someone directly in the eye.
Ele não conseguiu sustentar o olhar dela.
Interpersonal— To withstand criticism; to be able to face and deal with criticism without breaking down.
A obra de arte foi elaborada para sustentar a crítica mais rigorosa.
Artistic/Formal— To maintain hope and belief in a positive future.
É vital sustentar a fé no futuro mesmo em tempos difíceis.
Inspirational혼동하기 쉬운
Both verbs can relate to the idea of 'holding up' or 'providing support'.
'Sustentar' implies actively providing resources or maintaining something, often financially or structurally. 'Suportar' leans more towards enduring, bearing a weight, or tolerating something, sometimes unpleasant. For example, you 'sustentam' your family with money, but you 'suportam' a long lecture.
Ele precisa de dinheiro para <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> a família. (He needs money to support the family.) vs. Ele não aguenta mais <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>suportar</mark> o barulho. (He can no longer bear the noise.)
Both verbs convey a sense of backing or helping.
'Sustentar' is primarily about providing material or financial means to keep something going or maintain its existence. 'Apoiar' is more about moral, emotional, or political backing. You 'sustentam' a project financially, but you 'apoiam' a friend emotionally.
A ONG vai <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> o orfanato com doações. (The NGO will sustain the orphanage with donations.) vs. Eu <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>apoio</mark> a sua decisão de mudar de carreira. (I support your decision to change careers.)
Both verbs relate to keeping something in a certain state.
'Sustentar' often implies a more active, often financial or structural, effort to keep something from failing or declining. 'Manter' is broader and can mean to keep something in its current state, preserve it, or even keep it in a specific place. For example, you 'sustentam' the economy, but you 'mantêm' a clean room.
O governo precisa <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> a indústria local. (The government needs to sustain local industry.) vs. É importante <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>manter</mark> a calma. (It's important to maintain calm.)
Both verbs relate to providing.
'Sustentar' specifically refers to providing what is needed for existence or continuity, often financially. 'Prover' is more general, meaning to supply or provide, and can apply to resources, services, or even abstract things. 'Sustentar' often implies a longer-term or essential provision.
O trabalho ajuda a <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> a família. (The job helps to support the family.) vs. A empresa irá <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>prover</mark> os equipamentos necessários. (The company will provide the necessary equipment.)
Both verbs can relate to endurance or holding up.
'Sustentar' is about actively providing support or maintaining something. 'Aguentar' is about the capacity to withstand or endure pressure or hardship. You 'sustentam' a structure, but the structure must be able to 'aguentar' the load.
Precisamos de fundos para <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> o projeto. (We need funds to sustain the project.) vs. O velho muro já não <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>aguenta</mark> a chuva. (The old wall can no longer withstand the rain.)
문장 패턴
Subject + sustenta + Object
O pai <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustenta</mark> a família.
Subject + precisa + sustentar + Object
Nós precisamos <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> o projeto.
Subject + consegue + sustentar-se
Ela consegue <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar-se</mark> com o seu trabalho.
É + [adjective] + sustentar + Object
É difícil <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> um estilo de vida saudável.
Subject + procura + sustentar + Object
O político procura <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> sua popularidade.
O + [noun] + que + sustenta + Object
O trabalho que me <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustenta</mark>.
A + [noun] + de + sustentar + Object
A capacidade de <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustentar</mark> a economia é vital.
A + [noun] + se + sustenta + [prepositional phrase]
A democracia se <mark class='bg-emerald-200 dark:bg-emerald-800 px-0.5 rounded'>sustenta</mark> pela participação popular.
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명사
동사
형용사
관련
사용법
High
-
Confusing 'sustentar' with 'suportar' when meaning 'to tolerate'.
→
Ele não consegue suportar o barulho.
'Suportar' is used for enduring unpleasant things, while 'sustentar' is for active support or maintenance. Saying 'Ele não consegue sustentar o barulho' would imply he needs to actively provide something to the noise, which doesn't make sense.
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Incorrectly conjugating 'sustentar' as an irregular verb.
→
Eu sustento a minha família.
'Sustentar' is a regular -ar verb. Learners might mistakenly say 'Eu sustenho' (like 'ter' -> 'tenho'), but the correct present tense form is 'sustento'.
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Using 'sustentar' instead of 'apoiar' for emotional backing.
→
Eu apoio a sua decisão.
'Apoiar' is for moral or emotional support. 'Sustentar' implies providing material or financial means. Saying 'Eu sustento a sua decisão' sounds like you are financially funding their decision, which is usually not the intended meaning.
-
Forgetting the reflexive pronoun in 'sustentar-se' when needed.
→
Ela precisa de um emprego para se sustentar.
When referring to supporting oneself, the reflexive pronoun 'se' (or 'me', 'te', etc.) must be used with 'sustentar'. Omitting it, as in 'Ela precisa de um emprego para sustentar', implies she needs to support something else.
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Using 'sustentar' when 'manter' is more appropriate for preserving a state.
→
É importante manter a calma.
While 'sustentar' can sometimes mean to maintain, 'manter' is often more natural for preserving abstract states like calm, order, or hygiene. 'Sustentar a calma' sounds a bit too strong, as if you're actively fighting to keep the calm.
팁
Learn in Context
Instead of memorizing isolated definitions, try to learn 'sustentar' through example sentences. Pay attention to what is being sustained (money, a building, an idea) and by whom. This will help you grasp the nuances.
Compare with Synonyms
Actively compare 'sustentar' with words like 'apoiar', 'suportar', and 'manter'. Create sentences that highlight the differences in their usage. This comparison strengthens your understanding of each word's specific meaning.
Write Your Own Sentences
After learning about 'sustentar', try to write at least three original sentences using it in different contexts: financial support, maintenance, and upholding an idea. This active practice solidifies your knowledge.
Master 'Sustentar-se'
Pay special attention to the reflexive form 'sustentar-se'. Practice using it to talk about personal independence, self-sufficiency, and managing to survive, especially in financial terms. This is a common and important usage.
Mimic Native Speakers
Listen to native Portuguese speakers use 'sustentar' and try to imitate their pronunciation and intonation. Focus on the stress on the final syllable ('sus-ten-TAR') and the clear pronunciation of the vowels and consonants.
Connect with Culture
Understand that in Portuguese-speaking cultures, the concept of family support is strong. Recognizing this cultural context will help you understand why 'sustentar a família' is such a frequent and important phrase.
Explore Word Family
Learn related words like 'sustentação' (support, sustenance), 'sustentável' (sustainable), and 'sustento' (livelihood, sustenance). Knowing these related terms enriches your vocabulary and understanding of the core concept.
Avoid Common Pitfalls
Be aware of common mistakes, such as confusing 'sustentar' with 'suportar' or 'apoiar', or misconjugating the verb. Understanding these potential errors will help you use the word more accurately.
Seek Real-World Examples
Look for 'sustentar' in news articles, movies, or songs. Observing how native speakers use it in authentic contexts will provide valuable insights into its natural application.
Reinforce Grammar Patterns
Review the common grammatical patterns associated with 'sustentar', such as its use with direct objects, in infinitive clauses, or in reflexive constructions. Strong grammar is key to confident usage.
암기하기
기억법
Imagine a giant 'SUN' (sounds like 'suste-') holding up a big 'TENT' ('-ntar') to protect a family. The sun is providing the support (sustentar) for the tent.
시각적 연상
Picture a strong pillar (sustentar) holding up a grand building, or a parent holding their child protectively.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use 'sustentar' in three different sentences describing financial, physical, and abstract support within the next 24 hours.
어원
The word 'sustentar' comes from the Latin verb 'sustinere', which is composed of 'sub-' (under) and 'tenere' (to hold). This etymological root clearly points to the core meaning of 'holding up from underneath' or 'keeping something from falling'.
원래 의미: To hold up from below, to bear, to support.
Indo-European > Italic > Latin > Romance > Portuguese문화적 맥락
When discussing financial support, be mindful of the context. While 'sustentar' is a neutral term, the situations it describes can be sensitive, involving economic hardship or dependence.
While English has 'support' and 'maintain', 'sustentar' often carries a more profound sense of ongoing provision and the active effort required to prevent decline, especially in financial and structural contexts.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Family finances and responsibilities
- Sustentar a família
- Sustentar os filhos
- Sustentar a casa
Business and economy
- Sustentar a economia
- Sustentar a empresa
- Sustentar o emprego
Construction and engineering
- Sustentar a estrutura
- Sustentar o peso
- Sustentar a ponte
Arguments and ideas
- Sustentar o argumento
- Sustentar a tese
- Sustentar a opinião
Personal well-being and survival
- Sustentar-se
- Sustentar a saúde
- Sustentar a esperança
대화 시작하기
"Como você acha que se pode sustentar uma família hoje em dia?"
"Quais são os maiores desafios para sustentar um negócio?"
"Você acredita que é possível sustentar um estilo de vida ecológico?"
"De que forma a educação ajuda a sustentar o progresso de um país?"
"Como as pessoas podem sustentar sua saúde mental em tempos de estresse?"
일기 주제
Escreva sobre um momento em que você teve que sustentar alguém ou algo importante.
Reflita sobre o que significa para você 'sustentar-se' financeiramente e emocionalmente.
Descreva uma situação em que você precisou sustentar um argumento ou uma crença.
Pense em um projeto ou objetivo que você gostaria de sustentar a longo prazo e como faria isso.
Como você pode aplicar o conceito de 'sustentar' em suas relações interpessoais para torná-las mais fortes?
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문The most common meanings are 'to provide financial support for' someone or something (like a family or a project) and 'to maintain' something in a good condition or state (like a building or an argument). Think of it as keeping something going or preventing it from failing.
'Sustentar-se' is the reflexive form and means 'to sustain oneself' or 'to manage to live/survive'. It's often used when talking about financial independence or personal resilience. For example, 'Ele consegue sustentar-se com seu trabalho.' (He manages to sustain himself with his work.)
While both can mean 'to support', 'sustentar' usually implies providing active support, resources, or maintenance. 'Suportar' often means to bear a burden, endure hardship, or tolerate something unpleasant. You 'sustentam' your family financially, but you might 'suportam' a difficult situation.
Yes, absolutely. You can 'sustentar um argumento' (sustain an argument) or 'sustentar uma tese' (sustain a thesis), meaning to uphold or defend it with evidence or reasoning. You can also 'sustentar a esperança' (sustain hope).
Yes, 'sustentar' is a regular verb ending in '-ar'. This means its conjugation follows the standard patterns for verbs like 'falar' (to speak) or 'cantar' (to sing) in all tenses and moods.
Some very common phrases include 'sustentar a família' (to support the family), 'sustentar o argumento' (to sustain the argument), 'sustentar a casa' (to maintain the household), and the reflexive 'sustentar-se' (to sustain oneself).
'Sustentável' (sustainable) is an adjective derived from the verb 'sustentar'. It means something that can be maintained or supported over time, especially in an environmental or economic context, without depleting resources for the future.
Yes, it's very common. For example, 'A viga foi projetada para sustentar o peso do telhado.' (The beam was designed to sustain the weight of the roof.) It refers to the load-bearing capacity of structures.
'Sustentar' is more about providing the means (often financial) to keep something going. 'Apoiar' is more about moral, emotional, or political backing. You might 'sustentar' a charity financially, but you 'apoiam' a friend's decision emotionally.
In informal contexts, 'sustentar' can sometimes be used more broadly to mean 'to manage' or 'to keep going', especially financially. For instance, 'Ele sustenta a casa com bicos' means he manages to keep the household running with odd jobs.
셀프 테스트 10 질문
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Sustentar is a crucial verb for expressing financial support, maintenance, and the act of upholding. Its versatility allows it to apply to concrete needs like supporting a family, structural integrity of buildings, and abstract concepts like arguments or principles.
- Sustentar means to support financially or to maintain something.
- It's used for people, projects, structures, and ideas.
- The reflexive form 'sustentar-se' means to sustain oneself.
- Key contexts: family finance, business, construction, arguments.
Learn in Context
Instead of memorizing isolated definitions, try to learn 'sustentar' through example sentences. Pay attention to what is being sustained (money, a building, an idea) and by whom. This will help you grasp the nuances.
Compare with Synonyms
Actively compare 'sustentar' with words like 'apoiar', 'suportar', and 'manter'. Create sentences that highlight the differences in their usage. This comparison strengthens your understanding of each word's specific meaning.
Write Your Own Sentences
After learning about 'sustentar', try to write at least three original sentences using it in different contexts: financial support, maintenance, and upholding an idea. This active practice solidifies your knowledge.
Master 'Sustentar-se'
Pay special attention to the reflexive form 'sustentar-se'. Practice using it to talk about personal independence, self-sufficiency, and managing to survive, especially in financial terms. This is a common and important usage.
예시
É difícil sustentar uma família grande com um só salário.
관련 콘텐츠
이 단어를 다른 언어로
family 관련 단어
à medida que
A2As; at the same time that.
abençoado
A2그는 축복받은 사람입니다.
abrigo
A2피난처는 산속에 있습니다.
acarinhar
A2애정 어린 손길로 어루만지거나 아끼다.
aceito
A2수락된; 일반적으로 인정되거나 합의된. '그 제안은 aceito 되었다' (그 제안은 수락되었다).
acenar
A2인사나 동의를 위해 손이나 머리로 신호를 보내는 것 (손을 흔들다, 고개를 끄덕이다).
acolher
A2To receive (a guest or new member) with pleasure and hospitality.
acolhimento
A2따뜻한 환영, 수용. '그 호텔의 환대는 정말 훌륭했습니다.'
acolitar
B2돕거나 동행하며 도움, 지원 또는 동료 의식을 제공하는 것. / 특정 노력, 어려움 또는 기간 동안 적극적이고 협력적인 태도로 개인이나 그룹에게 도움, 지원 또는 동료 의식을 제공하는 것.
acomodar
A2'acomodar'는 누군가에게 숙소를 제공하거나 물건을 놓을 공간을 마련하는 것을 의미합니다.
