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B1 verb 15분 분량

förvärva

to acquire

At the A1 level, beginners in Swedish are focusing on basic survival vocabulary. Words like 'köpa' (to buy), 'få' (to get/receive), and 'ha' (to have) are essential. The word 'förvärva' is far too advanced and formal for this stage. A beginner does not need to use this word in their own speech or writing, as they are primarily learning how to order food, introduce themselves, and navigate simple daily situations. However, it is possible that an A1 learner might see the word 'förvärva' or its noun form 'förvärv' in a newspaper headline or on a sign related to business or real estate. If encountered, the goal at this level is simply passive recognition: understanding that it relates to buying or getting something big, like a company or a house. There is no expectation for an A1 student to conjugate it or use it actively. The focus should remain entirely on mastering the everyday, high-frequency verbs that serve as the foundation of the Swedish language.
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At the A2 level, learners are expanding their vocabulary to discuss routines, past events, and basic opinions. They are comfortable using 'köpa' (buy) and are starting to use 'skaffa' (obtain/get) for things like getting a job or a pet. The verb 'förvärva' remains largely outside their active vocabulary requirement. It is a formal word, and A2 learners are still mastering informal and neutral registers. However, as A2 learners begin to read simple news articles or short texts about society and work, they are more likely to encounter 'förvärva'. For instance, reading a simplified news story about a large Swedish company buying another company. At this stage, the learner should recognize 'förvärva' as a formal synonym for 'köpa' used in business contexts. They might also see it in the context of 'förvärvsarbete', which means gainful employment or paid work. Understanding this compound word is useful for A2 learners filling out forms or reading about the Swedish labor market, even if they don't use the standalone verb 'förvärva' in conversation.
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The B1 level is where 'förvärva' becomes a highly relevant and useful word to learn actively. At this stage, learners are expected to understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, and leisure. They are beginning to read actual Swedish newspapers, listen to news broadcasts like Klartext or Ekot, and perhaps write more formal texts or cover letters for job applications. In these contexts, 'förvärva' appears frequently. A B1 learner should understand that 'förvärva' means to acquire, whether it's a company acquiring another business, or a person acquiring new skills and knowledge ('förvärva kunskap'). They should be able to conjugate it correctly (förvärvar, förvärvade, har förvärvat) and use it in writing when the context demands a formal tone. For example, in a job interview or CV, stating 'Jag har förvärvat stor erfarenhet inom...' (I have acquired great experience in...) demonstrates a strong command of professional Swedish. It marks the transition from basic everyday language to a more sophisticated, adult vocabulary.
At the B2 level, learners are expected to communicate with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. They can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in their field of specialization. For a B2 learner, 'förvärva' is a standard part of their active vocabulary for formal and professional contexts. They should effortlessly distinguish between 'köpa' (buy), 'skaffa' (obtain), and 'förvärva' (acquire), using each appropriately according to the register. A B2 student will comfortably read and summarize financial news articles detailing corporate acquisitions ('företagsförvärv'). They will also use the word naturally in academic or professional writing when discussing the acquisition of skills, language, or property. Furthermore, they should be familiar with the passive voice of the verb ('förvärvas', 'förvärvades'), as this is incredibly common in formal Swedish texts. Mastery of 'förvärva' at this level shows an ability to adapt language to professional and formal environments.
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At the C1 level, learners can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic, and professional purposes. The use of 'förvärva' for a C1 speaker is nuanced and precise. They understand its legal implications, such as in 'förvärv av fast egendom' (acquisition of real estate), and its use in deep academic discourse, such as 'språkförvärv' (language acquisition). A C1 learner knows exactly when 'förvärva' elevates a text and when it might sound overly bureaucratic or pretentious if used incorrectly. They are completely comfortable with all its grammatical forms, including participial adjectives like 'den förvärvade egendomen' (the acquired property) or 'nyförvärvade kunskaper' (newly acquired skills). At this advanced stage, the focus is not just on knowing the word, but on manipulating it within complex sentence structures, understanding its collocations, and using it to convey subtle shades of meaning in highly formal, professional, or academic Swedish environments.
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At the C2 level, the learner's command of Swedish is near-native. They can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read and can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. For a C2 speaker, 'förvärva' is utilized with the exact same intuition as a highly educated native Swede. They can play with the word, use it in abstract or metaphorical contexts, and fully grasp its etymological weight. They might use it rhetorically in a debate or elegantly in a comprehensive academic thesis. A C2 user understands the subtle differences between 'förvärva', 'tillägna sig', 'införskaffa', and 'besitta', choosing the absolute perfect verb for the specific rhythm and tone of their sentence. They are also fully fluent in all nominalizations and compound words derived from it, such as 'förvärvsinkomst' (earned income), 'förvärvsarbetande' (gainfully employed), and 'förvärvskälla' (source of income), integrating them seamlessly into discussions about economics, law, or societal structures.
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예시
The Swedish verb förvärva is a formal and highly specific term that translates to the English verbs to acquire, to obtain, or to gain. Unlike the more common and everyday Swedish verbs such as köpa (to buy) or skaffa (to get or to obtain), förvärva carries a distinct tone of formality, legality, and significance. It is not a word you would typically use when talking about buying groceries, picking up a new pair of shoes, or getting a library card. Instead, it is reserved for situations that involve a substantial transfer of ownership, the attainment of significant legal rights, or the long-term accumulation of valuable intangible assets such as knowledge, skills, or experience. When you hear or read the word förvärva, you are almost certainly engaging with business news, legal documents, academic literature, or formal corporate communications. The word indicates that the process of getting something was either financially significant, legally binding, or required a considerable amount of effort and time.
Corporate Context
In the business world, förvärva is the standard term used when one company buys another company. This is known as an acquisition (ett förvärv). It implies a strategic move, involving negotiations, contracts, and significant capital.

Det stora teknikföretaget planerar att förvärva sin största konkurrent under nästa kvartal.

Beyond the corporate sphere, förvärva is frequently used in the context of personal development and education. When a person spends years studying a subject, practicing a craft, or gaining life experience, they do not simply 'get' knowledge; they acquire it. This usage highlights the gradual, cumulative, and effortful nature of learning.
Educational Context
In academic and educational settings, you will often encounter phrases like 'att förvärva kunskap' (to acquire knowledge) or 'att förvärva nya färdigheter' (to acquire new skills). This elevates the language and emphasizes the value of what has been learned.

Genom åren har hon lyckats förvärva en djup förståelse för ämnet.

The legal landscape also heavily relies on the word förvärva. When dealing with property, real estate, or specific rights (such as intellectual property rights), the legal transfer of these assets is referred to as an acquisition.
Legal Context
Legal documents use this word to denote the lawful transfer of ownership. It is precise and unambiguous, ensuring that there is no confusion about the nature of the transaction. For instance, 'förvärv av fast egendom' means the acquisition of real estate.

Han måste bevisa att han har rätt att förvärva marken enligt de lokala lagarna.

Furthermore, we can see the word used in historical or sociological contexts. For example, when discussing how human beings developed language or how societies acquired certain cultural traits over centuries. The verb encapsulates a sense of permanence. When you acquire something through the act of 'att förvärva', it is generally understood that the asset, knowledge, or property is now a permanent or long-term part of your portfolio, skill set, or life. This is why you would never 'förvärva' a cup of coffee, but you would 'förvärva' the coffee shop itself.

Under sin tid utomlands kunde han förvärva flytande språkkunskaper i franska.

Styrelsen röstade ja till att förvärva aktiemajoriteten i dotterbolaget.

To truly master this word, a Swedish learner must pay attention to the register. Register refers to the level of formality in language. As a CEFR B1 or B2 learner, incorporating förvärva into your written essays, formal presentations, or professional emails will immediately elevate the perceived quality of your Swedish. It demonstrates a strong grasp of vocabulary beyond the basic survival level and shows an understanding of how Swedish professionals communicate. However, the true test of fluency is knowing when not to use it, maintaining a natural flow in casual chats while reserving this powerful verb for the boardroom, the courtroom, or the lecture hall.
Using the verb förvärva correctly in sentences requires an understanding of its grammatical properties and the specific contexts in which it thrives. As a regular verb belonging to the first conjugation group in Swedish, its forms are highly predictable and easy to memorize for any language learner. The infinitive form is förvärva, the present tense is förvärvar, the past tense (preteritum) is förvärvade, and the supine form (used with har/hade) is förvärvat. The imperative form, though rarely used due to the formal nature of the word, is förvärva. Let us explore how to construct sentences across various tenses and contexts to build a robust understanding of its application.
Present Tense Usage
In the present tense, 'förvärvar' is often used to describe ongoing strategic actions by companies, current legal processes, or the continuous acquisition of knowledge.

Företaget förvärvar ständigt nya patent för att behålla sin ledande position på marknaden.

Som student förvärvar man inte bara faktakunskaper utan också ett analytiskt tänkande.

Past Tense Usage
The past tense 'förvärvade' is extremely common in historical accounts, annual corporate reports, and biographies detailing someone's past achievements or purchases.

Under 1990-talet förvärvade koncernen flera mindre bolag i Europa.

Hon förvärvade sin omfattande erfarenhet genom många års hårt arbete inom industrin.

Perfect Tense Usage
The perfect tense utilizing the supine form 'förvärvat' is used when the focus is on the result of the acquisition, implying that the acquired asset or knowledge is still relevant or possessed in the present moment.

Vi har nyligen förvärvat en ny fastighet i centrala Stockholm.

When constructing sentences with förvärva, it is also important to consider the prepositions that often accompany it. While the verb itself takes a direct object (e.g., förvärva ett företag), you might need prepositions to add context. For example, 'förvärva något från någon' (to acquire something from someone) or 'förvärva kunskap genom erfarenhet' (to acquire knowledge through experience). Another crucial aspect is the passive voice. In formal Swedish, the passive voice is frequently used, especially in news reporting and official documents. The passive form of förvärva is created by adding an 's' to the end of the verb forms: förvärvas (present passive), förvärvades (past passive), and har förvärvats (perfect passive). This is highly relevant because often the focus is on the entity being acquired rather than who is doing the acquiring. For instance, 'Företaget förvärvades av en utländsk investerare' translates to 'The company was acquired by a foreign investor'. This sentence structure is ubiquitous in financial journalism. Mastering both the active and passive forms of förvärva will significantly enhance your ability to read and write formal Swedish texts, allowing you to comprehend complex business narratives and articulate sophisticated ideas regarding ownership, learning, and strategic growth.
To truly grasp the Swedish vocabulary, it is essential to know not just what a word means, but the specific environments and mediums where it naturally occurs. The verb förvärva is not a word you will hear at a casual Friday after-work gathering (aw), at a family dinner, or while shopping at ICA. Its natural habitat is strictly within professional, academic, legal, and journalistic spheres. Understanding these contexts will help you tune your ear to recognize it and know exactly when it is appropriate for you to use it yourself.
Financial News and Journalism
If you open Dagens Industri, read the business section of Dagens Nyheter, or watch Ekonomiekot on Sveriges Radio, you will encounter 'förvärva' almost daily. Financial journalists use it to describe mergers and acquisitions (M&A). Headlines frequently read 'Svenskt bolag förvärvar amerikansk konkurrent' (Swedish company acquires American competitor). In this context, it is the absolute standard terminology.

Enligt pressmeddelandet kommer de att förvärva samtliga aktier i bolaget.

Legal Documents and Real Estate
In the realm of law and real estate, precision is paramount. Contracts, deeds, and legal statutes use 'förvärva' to describe the legal transfer of ownership. When someone buys a house, the formal legal term for this action in the documentation is 'förvärv av fastighet'. Lawyers and real estate brokers (mäklare) use this term to distinguish between a simple purchase and a legally binding transfer of significant assets.

Rätten att förvärva egendomen övergår till köparen vid kontraktsskrivningen.

Academic and Educational Settings
Universities and researchers frequently use the word when discussing learning processes. Pedagogical literature talks about how children 'förvärvar språk' (acquire language) rather than how they 'learn' it, emphasizing the natural, subconscious, and comprehensive nature of language acquisition. Similarly, syllabus documents might state that the goal of a course is for the student to 'förvärva djupgående kunskaper' (acquire in-depth knowledge).

Syftet med kursen är att studenten ska förvärva förmågan att kritiskt granska källor.

Små barn förvärvar sitt modersmål genom daglig interaktion.

Finally, you will hear this word in formal corporate communications, such as annual reports, press releases, and internal memos from upper management. When a CEO addresses the shareholders, they will not say 'vi köpte ett annat företag' (we bought another company); they will say 'vi har framgångsrikt förvärvat ett annat företag' (we have successfully acquired another company). The choice of words reflects the gravity and professional nature of the action. By paying attention to these specific environments, you will not only improve your vocabulary but also your cultural competence in Swedish, knowing instinctively which words belong in the boardroom and which belong in the living room. This nuanced understanding is a hallmark of an advanced language learner.
When learning a new language, understanding how not to use a word is often just as important as knowing how to use it. Because the Swedish verb förvärva translates directly to 'acquire', 'obtain', or 'gain', English speakers frequently fall into the trap of using it as a direct substitute for the everyday verbs 'köpa' (to buy), 'få' (to get), or 'skaffa' (to obtain/get). This leads to sentences that are grammatically correct but stylistically bizarre, creating a jarring effect for native Swedish speakers. Let us explore the most common mistakes learners make with the word förvärva and how to avoid them.
Mistake 1: Using it for Everyday Purchases
The most frequent error is using förvärva for trivial, everyday transactions. Because it means 'to acquire', a learner might try to say 'I acquired a new jacket' by translating it to 'Jag förvärvade en ny jacka'. To a Swede, this sounds incredibly pompous, as if you signed a legal contract and negotiated a merger just to buy a piece of clothing. For everyday items, always use 'köpa'.

Fel: Jag gick till affären för att förvärva lite mjölk. (Wrong: I went to the store to acquire some milk.)

Rätt: Jag gick till affären för att köpa lite mjölk. (Right: I went to the store to buy some milk.)

Mistake 2: Confusing it with 'Skaffa'
Another common mistake is using förvärva when you mean 'to get' in the sense of obtaining something practical or organizing something, which is best translated as 'skaffa'. For example, getting a dog, getting a new passport, or getting a haircut. You do not 'förvärva' a dog; you 'skaffar' a dog.

Fel: Vi planerar att förvärva en hund nästa år. (Wrong: We plan to acquire a dog next year.)

Rätt: Vi planerar att skaffa en hund nästa år. (Right: We plan to get a dog next year.)

Mistake 3: Overusing it in Casual Conversation
Even when talking about skills or knowledge, using förvärva in a casual chat with friends can sound overly academic. If a friend asks how you learned to play the guitar so well, replying with 'Jag förvärvade denna färdighet genom övning' (I acquired this skill through practice) sounds like a robot or a textbook. In casual conversation, you would simply say 'Jag lärde mig genom att öva' (I learned by practicing).

Fel register: Jag har förvärvat förmågan att laga god mat. (Wrong register: I have acquired the ability to cook good food.)

By being mindful of these common pitfalls, you can ensure that your Swedish sounds natural and contextually appropriate. The goal is not just to use big words, but to use the right words in the right situations. Understanding the stylistic weight of 'förvärva' is a crucial step in mastering the nuances of the Swedish language.
The Swedish language offers a variety of words that relate to getting, buying, or obtaining something. Choosing the correct alternative to förvärva is crucial for maintaining the right tone and meaning in your communication. While förvärva is the go-to word for formal acquisitions, there are several other verbs you must know to navigate different contexts successfully. Let us explore the most common synonyms and alternatives, comparing their nuances and usage scenarios.
Köpa (To Buy)
This is the most direct and common alternative. While 'förvärva' implies a significant, often legal or corporate acquisition, 'köpa' is the everyday word for purchasing anything from a coffee to a car. You can 'köpa' a company, but saying you 'förvärvar' a company emphasizes the formal business strategy. You cannot, however, 'förvärva' a coffee; you must 'köpa' it.
Skaffa (To Get / To Obtain)
'Skaffa' is incredibly versatile. It means to get, to obtain, or to acquire in a practical, everyday sense. You 'skaffar' a new job, 'skaffar' children, 'skaffar' a dog, or 'skaffar' information. It lacks the heavy legal or academic weight of 'förvärva'. If you are unsure whether a situation is formal enough for 'förvärva', 'skaffa' is usually the safer and more natural choice.
Få (To Get / To Receive)
'Få' implies receiving something, often passively. You 'får' a gift, 'får' a letter, or 'får' an opportunity. 'Förvärva', on the other hand, implies an active, deliberate effort to gain something. You do not just passively 'förvärva' a company or a skill; you actively pursue it. Therefore, 'få' and 'förvärva' are rarely interchangeable.

Jämförelse: Han fick ett företag (He was given a company) vs. Han förvärvade ett företag (He acquired a company).

Införskaffa (To Procure / To Purchase)
This word sits somewhere between 'köpa' and 'förvärva' in terms of formality. It is often used in administrative or bureaucratic contexts when an organization buys equipment or supplies. For example, a hospital might 'införskaffa' new medical equipment. It sounds more formal than 'köpa' but does not have the massive strategic or legal implications of 'förvärva'.
Tillägna sig (To Acquire / To Appropriate)
When talking about knowledge, skills, or habits, 'tillägna sig' is an excellent synonym for 'förvärva'. It means to make something your own through learning or practice. You can 'tillägna sig kunskap' just as you can 'förvärva kunskap'. However, you cannot 'tillägna sig' a company. This synonym is strictly for intangible things like knowledge, culture, or habits.

Hon har lyckats tillägna sig en imponerande vokabulär. (She has managed to acquire an impressive vocabulary.)

By understanding these alternatives, you can express yourself with much greater precision in Swedish. Recognizing that 'förvärva' is just one highly specialized tool in a larger toolbox of verbs related to obtaining things will significantly improve both your reading comprehension and your active vocabulary usage.
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수준별 예문

1

Företaget vill förvärva en ny fabrik.

The company wants to acquire a new factory.

Infinitive form used after the auxiliary verb 'vill'.

2

De ska förvärva marken.

They are going to acquire the land.

Infinitive after 'ska'.

3

Han förvärvar ett bolag.

He acquires a company.

Present tense form.

4

Vi vill förvärva kunskap.

We want to acquire knowledge.

Infinitive form.

5

Hon förvärvade huset igår.

She acquired the house yesterday.

Past tense form.

6

Kan man förvärva detta?

Can one acquire this?

Question with modal verb.

7

Jag har förvärvat en bok.

I have acquired a book.

Supine form with 'har'.

8

De förvärvar nya maskiner.

They acquire new machines.

Present tense plural subject.

1

Företaget förvärvade sin största konkurrent förra året.

The company acquired its biggest competitor last year.

Past tense indicating a completed action.

2

Det är viktigt att förvärva ny kunskap i skolan.

It is important to acquire new knowledge in school.

Infinitive phrase acting as the subject complement.

3

Många vill förvärva en egen bostad.

Many want to acquire their own home.

Common phrase for buying real estate.

4

Hon har förvärvat mycket erfarenhet genom sitt arbete.

She has acquired a lot of experience through her work.

Present perfect tense.

5

Kommunen planerar att förvärva skogen.

The municipality plans to acquire the forest.

Infinitive after 'planerar att'.

6

Att förvärva ett företag tar lång tid.

To acquire a company takes a long time.

Infinitive clause as the subject of the sentence.

7

De förvärvar rätten att sälja produkten.

They acquire the right to sell the product.

Acquiring abstract rights.

8

Vi förvärvade marken för att bygga en skola.

We acquired the land to build a school.

Past tense with a purpose clause.

1

Genom att läsa böcker kan man förvärva ett stort ordförråd.

By reading books, one can acquire a large vocabulary.

Using 'genom att' (by doing) followed by an infinitive.

2

Under sin tid i Frankrike förvärvade han flytande språkkunskaper.

During his time in France, he acquired fluent language skills.

Past tense in a specific time context.

3

Styrelsen beslutade att förvärva aktiemajoriteten i dotterbolaget.

The board decided to acquire the majority of shares in the subsidiary.

Formal business vocabulary combined with 'beslutade att'.

4

Det krävs mycket tid för att förvärva den tekniska kompetensen.

It takes a lot of time to acquire the technical competence.

Passive construction 'Det krävs' followed by infinitive.

5

Museet har nyligen förvärvat en sällsynt målning från 1700-talet.

The museum has recently acquired a rare painting from the 18th century.

Present perfect with the adverb 'nyligen' (recently).

6

Att förvärva fast egendom innebär mycket pappersarbete.

Acquiring real estate involves a lot of paperwork.

Formal legal terminology 'fast egendom'.

7

Hon arbetar hårt för att förvärva de nödvändiga kvalifikationerna.

She works hard to acquire the necessary qualifications.

Infinitive indicating purpose.

8

Företaget förvärvades av en utländsk investerare förra månaden.

The company was acquired by a foreign investor last month.

Past tense passive voice ('förvärvades').

1

Den nyligen förvärvade fastigheten kommer att renoveras grundligt.

The newly acquired property will be thoroughly renovated.

Past participle 'förvärvade' used as an adjective.

2

Syftet med utbildningen är att studenterna ska förvärva ett kritiskt förhållningssätt.

The purpose of the education is for the students to acquire a critical approach.

Academic context using 'ska' + infinitive.

3

Efter flera års förhandlingar lyckades de äntligen förvärva rättigheterna till boken.

After several years of negotiations, they finally managed to acquire the rights to the book.

Complex sentence structure with a prepositional phrase.

4

Människans förmåga att förvärva och använda språk är fascinerande.

Humanity's ability to acquire and use language is fascinating.

Scientific/linguistic context.

5

Bolaget har en aggressiv strategi som går ut på att förvärva mindre konkurrenter.

The company has an aggressive strategy that involves acquiring smaller competitors.

Business strategy phrasing.

6

Riksdagen debatterar nya lagar kring utländska företags rätt att förvärva svensk infrastruktur.

The parliament is debating new laws regarding foreign companies' right to acquire Swedish infrastructure.

Political and legal context.

7

Genom idogt arbete har hon förvärvat sig en position som ledande expert inom området.

Through diligent work, she has acquired a position as a leading expert in the field.

Reflexive usage 'förvärvat sig' adding emphasis on personal achievement.

8

De immateriella tillgångar som förvärvades under uppköpet värderades högt.

The intangible assets that were acquired during the buyout were valued highly.

Passive relative clause in a financial context.

1

Förvärvet av bolaget betraktas som en strategisk milstolpe, och de förvärvade tillgångarna integreras nu i moderbolaget.

The acquisition of the company is considered a strategic milestone, and the acquired assets are now being integrated into the parent company.

Use of both the noun 'förvärvet' and the participial adjective 'förvärvade'.

2

I svensk rätt skiljer man noga mellan originära och derivativa sätt att förvärva äganderätt.

In Swedish law, a careful distinction is made between original and derivative ways of acquiring ownership.

Highly specialized legal terminology.

3

Den kognitiva processen genom vilken barn förvärvar sitt modersmål sker till stor del omedvetet.

The cognitive process through which children acquire their mother tongue occurs largely unconsciously.

Academic phrasing in psychology/linguistics.

4

Koncernens expansiva fas kännetecknades av en benägenhet att förvärva underprissatta tillgångar på tillväxtmarknader.

The group's expansive phase was characterized by a propensity to acquire underpriced assets in emerging markets.

Advanced economic vocabulary.

5

För att ett giltigt förvärv av fast egendom ska anses ha ägt rum, krävs att formkraven i jordabalken är uppfyllda.

For a valid acquisition of real estate to be considered to have taken place, the formal requirements in the Land Code must be met.

Strict legal phrasing with passive infinitive 'anses ha ägt rum'.

6

Det är av yttersta vikt att styrelsen noga utvärderar riskerna innan de beslutar att förvärva ett bolag med så hög skuldsättning.

It is of the utmost importance that the board carefully evaluates the risks before deciding to acquire a company with such high debt.

Formal advisory tone.

7

Genom att förvärva denna unika samling manuskript har biblioteket befäst sin ställning som en ledande forskningsinstitution.

By acquiring this unique collection of manuscripts, th

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