A1 · 초급 챕터 19

Adding Detail with Adverbs

5 총 규칙
52 예문
5 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Transform basic statements into expressive thoughts using five essential Chinese power-up words.

  • Express shared experiences using 也 (yě) and 都 (dōu).
  • Add additional information or ongoing actions with 还 (hái).
  • Use 几乎 (jīhū) and 简直 (jiǎnzhí) to add nuance and strong emotion.
Small words, big impact: Level up your Chinese descriptions.

배울 내용

Hey there! Ready to take a huge leap in your Chinese journey and make your conversations sound incredibly engaging? In this chapter, you're about to meet some magical little words called 'adverbs.' These tiny power-ups have the ability to add significant depth and meaning to your sentences, transforming your speech from simple statements into natural, expressive dialogues! We'll start with 也 (yě), which means 'also' or 'too.' For instance, when you're out with friends at a Chinese restaurant and want to say 'I *also* want that dish!', 也 is your go-to word. Next, we’ll tackle 都 (dōu), meaning 'all' or 'both.' If you want to say, 'We *all* like to drink tea,' 都 will come to your rescue. Then, you'll learn 还 (hái), meaning 'still' or 'additionally,' perfect for adding items to a list or indicating an action is ongoing. And it doesn't stop there! We also have 几乎 (jīhū), meaning 'almost' or 'nearly,' so you can say 'I *almost* finished my work' or 'I *nearly* forgot.' Finally, you'll discover the awesome word 简直 (jiǎnzhí), used for strong emphasis, like saying something is 'simply' or 'literally' incredible. See how easily you can add nuance to your words? After completing this chapter, you won't just be speaking Chinese; you'll be expressing yourself with more precision, completeness, and charm. Your conversations will flow more smoothly, and you'll convey your intentions much more effectively. Get ready to sound like a natural Chinese speaker, even at A1 level! Don't worry, these concepts are easier than you think and incredibly useful.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 也 (yě) to agree with others in social settings.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Summarize group preferences using 都 (dōu).
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Emphasize extreme situations using 简直 (jiǎnzhí).

챕터 가이드

Overview

This chapter is a game-changer for your A1 Chinese grammar journey! You're about to unlock the power of adverbs – those fantastic little words that add immense detail and flair to your sentences. Mastering these adverbs will elevate your communication, making your Chinese sound much more natural and expressive.
Instead of just saying I eat, you'll be able to say I *also* eat or
I *almost* finished eating.
This is crucial for moving beyond basic sentence structures and truly engaging in meaningful conversations.
We'll introduce you to five incredibly useful adverbs: 也 (yě), 都 (dōu), 还 (hái), 几乎 (jīhū), and 简直 (jiǎnzhí). By the end of this guide, you'll see how these simple additions can transform your speech, allowing you to convey nuances and express yourself with greater precision and confidence, even at this early stage of learning. Get ready to add some serious sparkle to your Chinese!

How This Grammar Works

Let's dive into how these powerful adverbs function in Chinese grammar. First up, we have 也 (yě), meaning 'also' or 'too.' It typically comes after the subject and before the verb. For example, to say
I also like coffee,
you'd say 我 也 喜欢 咖啡 (Wǒ yě xǐhuān kāfēi).
If you want to say
He is also a student,
it's 他 也 是 学生 (Tā yě shì xuéshēng).
Next, we tackle the all-inclusive word, 都 (dōu), meaning 'all' or 'both.' This adverb usually appears after the subject (or the noun phrase it refers to) and before the verb to encompass everyone or everything in a group. For instance,
They all like Chinese food
becomes 他们 都 喜欢 中国菜 (Tāmen dōu xǐhuān Zhōngguócài). Or,
We are all very busy
is 我们 都 很 忙 (Wǒmen dōu hěn máng).
The 'one more thing' word, 还 (hái), serves a dual purpose: 'still' or 'additionally.' When indicating an ongoing action, it means 'still,' like in 他 还 在 工作 (Tā hái zài gōngzuò) (He is still working). When adding an item, it means 'also' or 'additionally,' as in 我 还 想 买 一 本 书 (Wǒ hái xiǎng mǎi yī běn shū) (I also want to buy a book).
For expressing 'almost' or 'nearly,' we use 几乎 (jīhū). This adverb goes before the verb or adjective it modifies, like 我 几乎 忘记 了 (Wǒ jīhū wàngjì le) (I almost forgot). Another example: 他 几乎 每天 都 学习 (Tā jīhū měitiān dōu xuéxí) (He almost studies every day).
Finally, for strong emphasis, there's 简直 (jiǎnzhí), meaning 'simply' or 'literally.' It's often used to exaggerate or stress a point, as in 这 简直 太棒了 (Zhè jiǎnzhí tài bàng le) (This is simply/literally great!). Or, 他 简直 是 个 天才 (Tā jiǎnzhí shì ge tiāncái) (He is simply/literally a genius). These adverbs are key to making your A1 Chinese more dynamic and expressive!

Common Mistakes

  1. 1✗ Wrong: 我喜欢咖啡，也你喜欢。(Wǒ xǐhuān kāfēi, yě nǐ xǐhuān.)
✓ Correct: 我喜欢咖啡，你 也 喜欢。(Wǒ xǐhuān kāfēi, nǐ yě xǐhuān.)
*Explanation:* 也 (yě) should come after the subject it modifies, not before. It connects the subject to the action or state.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 都我们是学生。(Dōu wǒmen shì xuéshēng.)
✓ Correct: 我们 都 是 学生。(Wǒmen dōu shì xuéshēng.)
*Explanation:* 都 (dōu) always follows the subject (or the noun phrase it refers to) and precedes the verb. It indicates that all of the subject perform the action or share the state.
  1. 1✗ Wrong: 我工作还。(Wǒ gōngzuò hái.)
✓ Correct: 我 还 在 工作。(Wǒ hái zài gōngzuò.)
*Explanation:* 还 (hái), when meaning still, usually precedes the verb phrase, often with 在 (zài) for ongoing actions. Its placement is crucial for conveying the correct meaning.

Real Conversations

A

A

你 喜欢 中国菜 吗？(Nǐ xǐhuān Zhōngguócài ma?)
B

B

是的，我 很 喜欢。你 呢？(Shì de, wǒ hěn xǐhuān. Nǐ ne?)
A

A

我 也 喜欢！(Wǒ yě xǐhuān!)
A

A

你们 都 饿 了 吗？(Nǐmen dōu è le ma?)
B

B

是的，我们 都 饿 了。(Shì de, wǒmen dōu è le.)
A

A

他 走 了 吗？(Tā zǒu le ma?)
B

B

他 还 在 这里。(Tā hái zài zhèlǐ.)
A

A

这 个 电影 怎么样？(Zhè ge diànyǐng zěnmeyàng?)
B

B

简直 太 好看 了！(Jiǎnzhí tài hǎokàn le!)

Quick FAQ

Q

How do I know where to place 也 (yě) in a sentence for A1 Chinese grammar?

也 (yě) usually comes after the subject and before the verb or adjective it modifies. Think of it as Subject + 也 + Verb/Adjective.

Q

Can 都 (dōu) be used with a single person or item?

No, 都 (dōu) implies 'all' or 'both,' so it's used with plural subjects or multiple items. For a single item, you wouldn't use 都.

Q

What's the difference between 还 (hái) meaning 'also' and 也 (yě) meaning 'also'?

也 (yě) implies 'in addition to others having this,' while 还 (hái) implies 'in addition to what was just mentioned or what is already present.' 还 often adds to a list or indicates something additional.

Q

Is 简直 (jiǎnzhí) always positive?

Not always. While often used for positive emphasis (e.g., simply amazing), it can also be used for negative emphasis, meaning simply awful or literally impossible. Its meaning depends on the context and the adjective/verb it modifies.

Cultural Context

These adverbs are integral to natural Chinese communication, reflecting a desire for precision and emphasis. 都 (dōu) is especially common in group settings, subtly reinforcing collective agreement or action. 还 (hái) frequently pops up in daily

주요 예문 (4)

1

Wǒmen dōu shì Zhōngguó rén.

우리는 모두 중국 사람이에요.

모두를 포함하는 단어: {都|dōu} (모두/둘 다)
2

Bàba māma dōu bù zàijiā.

아빠 엄마 두 분 다 집에 안 계세요.

모두를 포함하는 단어: {都|dōu} (모두/둘 다)
3

这个游戏简直太好玩了！

이 게임은 진짜 너무 재미있어요!

"그야말로" 또는 "말 그대로"를 위한 {简直|jiǎnzhí} 사용법
4

外面简直是烤箱。

밖은 말 그대로 오븐이에요.

"그야말로" 또는 "말 그대로"를 위한 {简直|jiǎnzhí} 사용법

팁과 요령 (4)

⚠️

성조를 조심하세요!

만약 jǐhū(3성)라고 발음하면 의미가 전달되지 않을 수 있어요. 꼭 높고 평평한 1성으로 «jīhū»라고 말해야 해요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 거의와 하마터면 (几乎 jīhū)
🎯

'나도' 완벽하게 말하기

한국어처럼 «나도»만 하고 싶을 때 '我也'라고만 하면 문장이 끝나지 않은 느낌이에요. 꼭 뒤에 동사를 붙여서 «我也是» (wǒ yě shì)라고 말해주세요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 나도 / ~도 (也 yě)
⚠️

문장 끝은 안 돼요!

«还»는 부사라서 문장 맨 끝에 올 수 없어요. 꼭 동사 앞에 놓아주세요! «我还想要咖啡。»
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: '한 가지 더'를 말할 때: 또한, 여전히 (还 - hái)
⚠️

문장 맨 앞은 안 돼요!

한국어의 '모두가~'와 달리 중국어는 주어를 먼저 쓰고 그 다음에 «都»를 써야 해요. «我们都...»처럼요.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 모두를 포함하는 단어: {都|dōu} (모두/둘 다)

핵심 어휘 (7)

也 (yě) also, too 都 (dōu) all, both 还 (hái) still, additionally 几乎 (jīhū) almost, nearly 简直 (jiǎnzhí) simply, literally 喜欢 (xǐhuan) to like 忘了 (wàng le) forgot

Real-World Preview

coffee

Ordering at a Cafe

Review Summary

  • Subject + 也 + Verb/Adj
  • Plural Subject + 都 + Verb/Adj
  • Subject + 还 + Verb/Adj
  • Subject + 几乎 + Verb/Adj
  • Subject + 简直 + (太) + Adj + (了)

자주 하는 실수

English speakers often put 'too' at the end. In Chinese, 也 (yě) must come before the verb.

Wrong: 我(wǒ)喜(xǐ)欢(huan)也(yě)猫(māo)。
정답: 我(wǒ)也(yě)喜(xǐ)欢(huan)猫(māo)。

都 (dōu) refers back to a group. Using it with just 'I' (我) makes no sense unless you are referring to 'all of me' or multiple items you are doing.

Wrong: 我(wǒ)都(dōu)去(qù)。
정답: 我(wǒ)们(men)都(dōu)去(qù)。

Don't end sentences with 也 (yě). It is not a particle like 吗 (ma) or 呢 (ne).

Wrong: 我(wǒ)还(hái)是(shì)学(xué)生(sheng)也(yě)。
정답: 我(wǒ)也(yě)是(shì)学(xué)生(sheng)。

Next Steps

You're doing amazing! Adding these adverbs makes your Chinese sound much more natural and less like a textbook. Keep practicing these 'power-ups'!

Look at a group photo and describe what 'everyone' (都) is doing.

Write three things you 'also' like that your best friend likes.

Continue to: Timing and Sequence

빠른 연습 (8)

"나도 커피를 좋아해"라는 뜻이 되도록 단어를 나열하세요.

단어 카드: [喜欢, 我, 也, 咖啡]

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
부사 '也'는 주어 '我' 뒤에, 그리고 동사 '喜欢' 앞에 와야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 나도 / ~도 (也 yě)

단어 순서가 틀린 곳을 찾아 고쳐보세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

{都|Dōu} {그들|Tāmen} {이다|shì} {선생님|lǎoshī}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {그들|Tāmen} {도|dōu} {이다|shì} {선생님|lǎoshī}。
{都|Dōu}는 주어({그들|Tāmen})보다 앞이 아니라 뒤에 와야 해요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 모두를 포함하는 단어: {都|dōu} (모두/둘 다)

다음 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아보세요.

{今天|jīntiān} {太|tài} {简直|jiǎnzhí} {热|rè} {了|le}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {今天|jīntiān} {简直|jiǎnzhí} {太|tài} {热|rè} {了|le}。
{简直|jiǎnzhí}은 형용사 구조({太...了}) 앞에 와서 그 정도를 강조해야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: "그야말로" 또는 "말 그대로"를 위한 {简直|jiǎnzhí} 사용법

다음 문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

我是老师也。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
중국어에서 '也'는 문장 끝에 올 수 없습니다. 동사인 '是' 앞으로 옮겨야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 나도 / ~도 (也 yě)

'이건 그야말로 기적이에요'라는 뜻이 되도록 빈칸을 채우세요.

{这|zhè} {简直|jiǎnzhí} ___ {奇迹|qíjì}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {|shì}
두 명사를 대등하게 연결할 때는 '이다'라는 뜻의 {是|shì}를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: "그야말로" 또는 "말 그대로"를 위한 {简直|jiǎnzhí} 사용법

"그도 매우 바빠요"라는 문장의 빈칸을 채우세요.

他 ___ 很忙。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer:
다른 사람과 마찬가지로 '그도' 바쁘다는 의미를 전달하려면 '也'가 정답입니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 나도 / ~도 (也 yě)

'그는 말 그대로 천재야'라는 문장을 완성해 보세요.

Arrange these words:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {他|tā} {简直|jiǎnzhí} {是|shì} {个|gè} {天才|tiāncái}
주어(他) + 부사(简直) + 동사(是) + 목적어(天才) 순서로 배열합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: "그야말로" 또는 "말 그대로"를 위한 {简直|jiǎnzhí} 사용법

'우리 둘 다 커피를 좋아해요'에서 빈칸을 채워보세요.

{우리|Wǒmen} ___ {좋아하다|xǐhuan} {커피|kāfēi}。

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: {모두|dōu}
주어가 '둘 다' 또는 '모두'임을 나타낼 때는 {도|dōu}를 사용합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 모두를 포함하는 단어: {都|dōu} (모두/둘 다)

Score: /8

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

네, 정말 많이 써요! 지각할 뻔했거나 무언가 잊었을 때처럼 일상적인 상황에서 «我几乎忘了» (거의 잊을 뻔했어) 같이 말해요.
아니요, 안 돼요. 중국어에서 부사는 반드시 동사 앞에 와야 해요. «我到了几乎»라고 하면 틀린 문장이 됩니다.
두 사람이 같은 행동을 할 때는 «也»를 쓰고, 전체가 다 그럴 때는 «都»(dōu)를 써요. 예: «他也去。»
«也»는 주어가 다를 때(나도 그래), «还»는 한 주어가 다른 일을 더 할 때(나 이것도 해) 써요. 예: «我也吃。»
네, 기초 문장의 99%에서 주어 바로 뒤에 옵니다. 예: «{他还在这里|tā hái zài zhèlǐ}» (그는 아직 여기 있어요).
가능하지만 의미가 달라요! 이건 '나도 (너처럼) 커피 원해'라는 뜻이고, 내가 커피를 '추가'로 원할 땐 «{我还想要咖啡|wǒ hái xiǎng yào kāfēi}»라고 해야 해요.
이전 챕터
The Golden Rule of Word Order
다음 챕터
Timing and Sequence
로드맵으로 돌아가기