Borrowing implies temporarily using something that belongs to someone else, whether it's a physical object or an abstract concept.
30초 단어
- Temporarily take and use something.
- Can be physical items or abstract ideas.
- Often implies returning or giving credit.
Overview
借用 (jièyòng) 是一个常用的动词，在日常生活中有着广泛的应用。它涵盖了两种主要的含义：一是物理上的“借”，即暂时性地获得某物并承诺归还；二是抽象意义上的“借鉴”或“利用”，即参考或吸收他人的思想、方法或经验来为自己所用。这个词的语境非常灵活，可以用于个人之间，也可以用于机构之间，并且可以指代具体的物品，也可以指代抽象的概念。
借用主要用作及物动词，后面可以跟名词（具体物品或抽象概念）。例如：我可以借用你的笔吗？（物理借用）他借用了前辈的经验。（抽象借鉴）在某些语境下，也可以指“借出”，但“借出”更常用于“借给”。“借用”本身更强调“用于自己”这一层含义。
- 1日常生活：向朋友、家人或同事借用物品，如书、工具、交通工具等。例如：我去邻居家借用了点儿糖。2. 工作学习：借用他人的资料、设备、场地或方法。例如：我们需要借用会议室开会。3. 思想文化：借鉴他人的观点、理论、风格或技术。例如：这篇文章借用了许多历史学的研究方法。4. 语言表达：借用词语、成语或典故。例如：他说话时喜欢借用一些古语。
- 1借 (jiè)：这是“借用”的基础词，含义更广泛，可以指借入、借出、租借等。例如：我借了本书 (jièshū)。“借用”比“借”更强调“为了使用”或“借鉴”。2. 借贷 (jièdài)：特指借钱或物品，通常涉及金钱或有明确的偿还计划，带有一定的经济或法律意味。例如：他向银行申请了贷款 (jièdài)。3. 借鉴 (jièjiàn)：主要用于抽象意义，指吸取他人的长处或经验。例如：我们要善于借鉴国外先进技术。它与“借用”的抽象含义高度重叠，但“借用”的范围更广，可以包含物理物品。
예시
我可以借用一下你的手机吗？
everydayMay I borrow your phone for a moment?
这位作家借用了许多古典神话的元素。
academicThis writer has borrowed/made use of many elements from classical mythology.
我们想借用一下你们的场地，开个小型会议。
formalWe'd like to use your venue for a small meeting.
他说话老是借用一些老掉牙的比喻。
informalHe always uses some old-fashioned metaphors when he speaks.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
借用一下
borrow for a moment
借用工具
borrow tools
借用场地
use a venue
자주 혼동되는 단어
'Jiè' is a broader term for borrowing, which can include lending out. 'Jièyòng' specifically emphasizes the act of borrowing something for one's own use.
'Jièjiàn' is almost exclusively used for abstract concepts, ideas, or methods. 'Jièyòng' can refer to both physical objects and abstract concepts, making it more versatile.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
The word 'jièyòng' is very common in everyday Mandarin. It's generally neutral in terms of formality, suitable for both spoken and written contexts. When requesting to borrow something, adding polite expressions enhances the request.
자주 하는 실수
Confusing 'jièyòng' (borrow for use) with 'jièchū' (lend out) is a common error. Ensure you are the one receiving and using the item/idea when using 'jièyòng'. Also, avoid using it for permanent acquisition; choose words like '购买' (buy) instead.
Tips
Distinguish Physical vs. Abstract
Remember that 'jièyòng' can apply to both tangible items like a pen and intangible concepts like an idea or method.
Avoid Permanent Acquisition
Using 'jièyòng' implies temporary use. For permanent acquisition, use words like '购买' (gòumǎi - to buy) or '获得' (huòdé - to obtain).
Politeness in Asking
When asking to borrow something, it's polite to add phrases like '请问' (qǐngwèn - may I ask) or '麻烦您' (máfan nín - could I trouble you) before '借用'.
어원
The word 'jièyòng' is a compound word. 'Jiè' (借) means to borrow or lend, and 'yòng' (用) means to use. Together, they literally mean 'borrow to use'.
문화적 맥락
In Chinese culture, asking to borrow something is common, but it's important to be mindful of the owner's property and return items promptly and in good condition. It reflects a sense of community and mutual help.
암기 팁
Think of 'jièyòng' as 'borrowing FOR USE'. The 'yòng' (use) part emphasizes that you need it for a purpose, often implying a temporary need.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문“借用”更侧重于“为了使用”而暂时取得，并且常常暗示之后会归还或有所交代。而“借”的含义更广，可以指借入、借出，不一定强调使用的目的或归还的细节。
可以，但不如“借钱”或“借贷”常用和直接。当说“借用”时，通常指暂时需要钱来应急使用，并且会尽快归还。
如果不是暂时使用，而是永久性地获得，或者完全是自己的创造，就不能用“借用”。另外，如果涉及正式的贷款或租赁合同，用“贷款”、“租赁”等词更准确。
严格来说，“借用”主要指“借入”来使用。虽然在某些语境下可能被理解为“借出”，但更常用和标准的说法是“借给”。
셀프 테스트
我可以向你______这本书，看完就还你。
这里指暂时取得书来阅读，用“借用”最合适。
下列哪个句子中的“借用”使用正确？
选项b中的“借用”指借鉴和运用他人的意境，符合抽象含义。选项a和d不合逻辑，选项c虽然可能，但“征用”或“租用”可能更准确，且“借用”在这里略显口语化。
用“借用”和“经验”造一个句子。
选项c自然地表达了借鉴他人经验的意思，符合“借用”的抽象用法。
점수: /3
Summary
Borrowing implies temporarily using something that belongs to someone else, whether it's a physical object or an abstract concept.
- Temporarily take and use something.
- Can be physical items or abstract ideas.
- Often implies returning or giving credit.
Distinguish Physical vs. Abstract
Remember that 'jièyòng' can apply to both tangible items like a pen and intangible concepts like an idea or method.
Avoid Permanent Acquisition
Using 'jièyòng' implies temporary use. For permanent acquisition, use words like '购买' (gòumǎi - to buy) or '获得' (huòdé - to obtain).
Politeness in Asking
When asking to borrow something, it's polite to add phrases like '请问' (qǐngwèn - may I ask) or '麻烦您' (máfan nín - could I trouble you) before '借用'.
예시
4 / 4我可以借用一下你的手机吗？
May I borrow your phone for a moment?
这位作家借用了许多古典神话的元素。
This writer has borrowed/made use of many elements from classical mythology.
我们想借用一下你们的场地，开个小型会议。
We'd like to use your venue for a small meeting.
他说话老是借用一些老掉牙的比喻。
He always uses some old-fashioned metaphors when he speaks.
Related Content
이 단어를 다른 언어로
관련 표현
관련 어휘
academic 관련 단어
缺席
B1The state of being absent from a place or event where one is expected to be, such as a class, meeting, or ceremony.
抽象的
A2Abstract.
抽象地
B1In an abstract manner; conceptually.
艰深
B1Profound; abstruse; recondite.
学术性
A2Academic; scholarly; relating to education and scholarship.
学术化
B1Academic; characterized by formal study or research.
学术会议
A2Academic conference; a formal meeting for academic discussions.
学术交流
B1Exchange of ideas, information, and research among scholars.
学术期刊
B1A periodical publication containing scholarly articles.
教务处
A2Academic affairs office; department handling educational administration.
