B2 adverb 중립 #4,000 가장 일반적인 1분 분량

不由得

buyoude /bù yóu de/
Practice it

It describes actions or reactions that are involuntary, driven by emotions, senses, or external stimuli.

30초 단어

  • Cannot help but, involuntarily.
  • Used for natural reactions to emotions or stimuli.
  • Emphasizes lack of conscious control.

Overview

“不由得”是一个副词，用来描述一种不受主观意志控制的、自然的反应或动作。它强调的是一种即时、本能的感受或行为，往往是情感的流露或身体的自然反应。

“不由得”通常放在动词或形容词前面，表示“不自觉地”、“忍不住”做某事。它可以与各种表示情感、感官刺激或身体反应的词语搭配使用。

这个词语常出现在描述人物情感反应的场景中，例如看到感人的画面、听到令人惊讶的消息、闻到特殊的香味等。它也可能用于描述身体的本能反应，如打喷嚏、咳嗽等。

“不由得”与“忍不住”意思相近，都表示无法控制。但“不由得”更侧重于生理或情感的自然流露，强调的是“不自觉”，而“忍不住”则更侧重于主观上想要克制但未能成功。例如，“听到这个消息，他不由得愣住了”强调的是惊讶带来的本能反应；而“他太想念家乡了，忍不住流下了眼泪”则强调主观情感的涌现。此外，“不禁”也常与“不由得”混淆，但“不禁”更常用于表示“不自觉地”发出某种感叹或做出某种动作，如“不禁笑出声”。

예시

1

看到老照片，他不由得想起了童年。

everyday

Seeing the old photos, he couldn't help but recall his childhood.

2

听到这个不幸的消息，她不由得潸然泪下。

formal

Upon hearing this unfortunate news, she involuntarily burst into tears.

3

这味道太香了，我都不由得咽了口口水。

informal

This smell is so delicious, I couldn't help but swallow.

4

面对如此复杂的局面，研究人员不由得感到一丝担忧。

academic

Faced with such a complex situation, the researchers couldn't help but feel a sense of unease.

자주 쓰는 조합

不由得感叹 cannot help but sigh/exclaim
不由得想起 cannot help but recall/think of
不由得笑起来 cannot help but laugh
不由得皱眉 cannot help but frown

자주 쓰는 구문

让人不由得

makes one cannot help but

不由得心头一震

felt a jolt in one's heart

자주 혼동되는 단어

不由得 vs 忍不住

'不由得' emphasizes an involuntary, natural reaction, often physiological or emotional. '忍不住' suggests a conscious effort to suppress something (like an action, feeling, or urge) that ultimately fails.

不由得 vs 不禁

'不禁' is often used for spontaneous expressions or actions, similar to '不由得', but can sometimes carry a slightly more literary tone. It often describes reactions like sighing, laughing, or feeling something.

문법 패턴

主语 + 不由得 + 动词/形容词 （由于某种原因/情况）主语 + 不由得 + 动词/形容词

How to Use It

사용 참고사항

This adverb is commonly used to describe reactions that are not consciously controlled. It fits well in narratives describing emotional responses or physical reactions to stimuli. It's generally neutral in formality but leans slightly towards descriptive or literary language.

자주 하는 실수

Learners might confuse '不由得' with '忍不住' or '不禁'. Remember that '不由得' focuses on the lack of control due to emotion or stimulus, while '忍不住' implies a failed attempt at suppression, and '不禁' often describes a spontaneous utterance or feeling.

Tips

💡

Think 'Can't help but'

When you see '不由得', think of the English phrase 'cannot help but' or 'involuntarily'. It signals a natural, unforced reaction.

⚠️

Not for deliberate actions

Avoid using '不由得' for actions that are consciously decided or performed. It signifies a lack of control, not a choice.

🌍

Expressing genuine emotion

Using '不由得' often adds a layer of sincerity and authenticity to the expression of emotions in Chinese communication.

어원

The word '不由得' is composed of '不' (not), '由' (by, from), and '得' (a structural particle indicating possibility or degree). Literally, it means 'not from (one's own will)'.

문화적 맥락

In Chinese culture, expressing genuine emotions, even involuntary ones, is often seen as a sign of sincerity. Using '不由得' can add authenticity to a description of feelings or reactions.

암기 팁

Imagine a puppet whose strings are pulled by emotions or external forces, making it react '不由得' (without its own will).

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문

“不由得”更侧重于生理或情感的自然流露，强调的是“不自觉”；而“忍不住”则更侧重于主观上想要克制但未能成功。例如，看到感人的电影“不由得”流泪，是情感的自然反应；而“他知道不该吃零食，但实在太饿了，还是忍不住吃了一块”，是克制失败。

“不由得”通常用在主语后面，动词或形容词前面，构成“主语 + 不由得 + 动词/形容词”的结构。例如：“看到这一幕，我不由得感到悲伤。”

“不由得”不能直接表示“没有办法”。它描述的是一种不受控制的反应，而不是指客观上无法改变的情况。例如，不能说“我考试不及格，不由得重考”。

一般情况下，“不由得”后面接动词或形容词，表示不自觉的动作或状态。直接接名词的情况比较少见，除非名词后面省略了动词，例如“他看到这景象，不由得一阵心酸”（心酸是形容词，这里省略了“感到”）。

셀프 테스트

fill blank

听到这个笑话，大家 ______ 笑了起来。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 不由得

这里描述的是听到笑话后自然产生的笑声，是情感的本能反应，所以用“不由得”最合适。

multiple choice

哪句话正确使用了“不由得”？

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 看到老朋友的信，他不由得热泪盈眶。

“热泪盈眶”是看到老朋友信件后自然的情感反应，符合“不由得”的用法。其他选项要么逻辑不通，要么用法错误。

sentence building

请用“不由得”、“看到”、“感人”、“场景”、“感到”、“难过”组成句子。

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 不由得感到难过，看到那感人的场景。

这个选项结构完整，逻辑清晰，表达了看到感人场景后自然产生的难过情绪。

점수: /3

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