When you need to describe someone who is fully focused on something, use 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén). This idiom literally translates to 'gather essence, converge spirit,' which vividly paints a picture of complete mental absorption.
It's used when someone is dedicating all their attention and energy to a task, like studying, working, or observing something closely. You can use it to talk about intense concentration, where distractions are ignored. For example, a student might be 聚精会神 while reading a textbook, or a craftsman might be 聚精会神 while working on a delicate piece.
§ Understanding 聚精会神's Grammar
Alright, let's break down how to use 聚精会神. It's an idiom (成语 chéngyǔ), which means it acts like a fixed phrase. Grammatically, it functions as a verb or an adverb. Most often, you'll see it describing how someone is doing something – with great concentration.
§ 聚精会神 as a Verb
When 聚精会神 acts as a verb, it usually means 'to concentrate one's attention fully' or 'to be completely absorbed'. It often takes an object that specifies what the concentration is directed towards, although sometimes the object is implied.
他聚精会神地听老师讲课。
Here, 他 (tā - he) is the subject, and 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén) is the verb. The '地' particle turns it into an adverbial phrase modifying '听' (tīng - listen). So, 'He listens to the teacher's lecture with great concentration.'
大家都聚精会神地看着屏幕。
In this case, 大家都 (dà jiā dōu - everyone) is the subject, and 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén) describes how they are 'looking at the screen' (看着屏幕 kànzhe píngmù).
§ 聚精会神 as an Adverbial Phrase
This is the most common usage. You'll often see 聚精会神 followed by 的 (de) or 地 (dì) when it modifies a verb. While both are pronounced 'de', 的 is used to connect a descriptive adjective to a noun, and 地 connects an adverbial phrase to a verb. For 聚精会神 modifying a verb, you'll almost always use 地.
学生们聚精会神地做作业。
Here, 聚精会神地 (jù jīng huì shén dì) describes how the students (学生们 xuéshēngmen) are 'doing homework' (做作业 zuò zuòyè). It means they are doing their homework with full concentration.
他在聚精会神地阅读。
Similar to the previous example, 在 (zài - in the process of) + 聚精会神地 (jù jīng huì shén dì) + 阅读 (yuèdú - read) means 'He is reading with full concentration.'
- Important Note
- While both 的 and 地 are pronounced 'de', in modern Chinese, 地 is almost exclusively used when connecting an adverb (like 聚精会神) to a verb. Don't mix them up!
§ Prepositions with 聚精会神
You usually don't need a specific preposition directly before 聚精会神. It already carries the meaning of 'with concentration'. However, it can appear in sentences with prepositions that establish context for the action of concentrating.
- 关于 (guānyú - regarding/about): You can specify *what* someone is concentrating on.
他聚精会神地思考着关于未来的计划。
Here, '关于未来的计划' (guānyú wèilái de jìhuà - plans about the future) is the object of '思考' (sīkǎo - to think), and 聚精会神地 describes how he is thinking.
§ Common sentence patterns
- Pattern 1: Subject + 聚精会神地 + Verb + Object
- This is the most frequent way to use it. The subject performs an action with full concentration.
小明聚精会神地画画。
- Pattern 2: Subject + 在 + 聚精会神地 + Verb
- Use 在 (zài) to indicate an ongoing action that is being performed with concentration.
老师在聚精会神地批改作业。
- Pattern 3: With specific contexts (often literary or formal)
- While less common in everyday conversation, 聚精会神 can sometimes stand alone to describe a state of being extremely focused, especially when the action is clear from context.
整个教室里，学生们都聚精会神。
This implies they are all concentrating on something, likely a lecture or exam.
수준별 예문
学生们聚精会神地听老师讲课。
The students were absorbed in listening to the teacher's lecture.
他聚精会神地盯着屏幕，生怕错过任何细节。
He concentrated intently on the screen, afraid of missing any detail.
她聚精会神地阅读着那本小说，完全沉浸其中。
She was absorbed in reading that novel, completely engrossed.
工程师们聚精会神地讨论着项目的技术问题。
The engineers were concentrating on discussing the technical issues of the project.
小猫聚精会神地看着窗外飞过的小鸟。
The kitten was intently watching the little bird flying outside the window.
画家聚精会神地在画布上描绘着他的梦想。
The painter was absorbed in depicting his dreams on the canvas.
选手们聚精会神地准备着比赛，不敢有丝毫懈怠。
The contestants were concentrating on preparing for the competition, not daring to be even slightly negligent.
他聚精会神地修理着这台老旧的收音机。
He was absorbed in repairing this old radio.
사용법
聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén) is a four-character idiom (成语 chéngyǔ) meaning to concentrate one's attention or to be absorbed in something. It emphasizes a high level of focus and mental engagement. You'll often see it used to describe someone deeply engrossed in a task, study, or activity.
Here are some common ways to use it:
- Subject + 聚精会神地 + Verb Phrase: This structure emphasizes how someone is doing something with great concentration.
Example: 他聚精会神地听老师讲课。(He listened to the teacher's lecture with great concentration.)
Example: 孩子们聚精会神地玩游戏。(The children were absorbed in playing games.) - 聚精会神 + 地 + 学习/工作/听: Similar to the above, directly pairing it with common verbs.
Example: 她聚精会神地工作，没有注意到时间。(She worked with great concentration and didn't notice the time.) - 形容词 + 聚精会神: While less common, you can sometimes use it to describe a state of being.
Example: 课堂上，学生们都非常聚精会神。(In the classroom, all the students were very absorbed.)
1. Using it for a brief moment of attention: 聚精会神 implies a sustained and deep level of focus. Don't use it for a fleeting glance or a quick moment of paying attention. For short bursts of attention, consider phrases like '专心' (zhuānxīn) or '注意' (zhùyì).
Incorrect: 他聚精会神地看了一眼手机。(He looked at his phone with great concentration for a moment.)
Correct: 他专心地看了一眼手机。(He looked at his phone attentively for a moment.)
2. Confusing it with '认真' (rènzhēn): While both relate to seriousness, 认真 can describe being serious or conscientious in general, not necessarily with intense concentration. 聚精会神 specifically highlights mental focus.
Incorrect: 他聚精会神地对待他的工作。(He treated his work with great concentration.) - While understandable, '认真' is more appropriate here for the general attitude.
Correct: 他认真对待他的工作。(He took his work seriously.)
Correct (for concentration): 他聚精会神地完成任务。(He completed the task with great concentration.)
3. Using it with objects that cannot concentrate: Remember, 聚精会神 describes a human or animal's mental state. You wouldn't say an object is concentrating.
Incorrect: 这台机器聚精会神地运行。(This machine ran with great concentration.)
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Describing someone deeply focused on a task.
- 他聚精会神地工作。
- 她聚精会神地听课。
- 孩子们聚精会神地看动画片。
When a situation requires intense concentration.
- 考试时要聚精会神。
- 开车时必须聚精会神。
- 做实验要聚精会神，不能分心。
Explaining why someone didn't notice something.
- 我当时聚精会神地看书，没听到你叫我。
- 他聚精会神地玩游戏，所以没注意到时间。
- 因为聚精会神地想问题，他忘了吃饭。
Encouraging someone to focus.
- 请大家聚精会神，认真听讲。
- 做这件事需要你聚精会神。
- 老师让学生们聚精会神地学习。
Describing the atmosphere of an attentive audience.
- 观众们聚精会神地看着表演。
- 听众们聚精会神地听讲座。
- 全班同学都聚精会神地盯着老师。
대화 시작하기
"你最近有什么事情让你聚精会神地去做吗？"
"你觉得在什么情况下，人们最容易聚精会神？"
"你觉得聚精会神地工作和放松地工作，哪个更有效率？"
"你有没有因为太聚精会神而忽略了身边的事情？"
"你觉得在学习中文的时候，怎么才能更聚精会神？"
일기 주제
描述一次你聚精会神地完成某项任务的经历。你当时在做什么？感觉如何？
你认为在你的生活中，有哪些事情需要你投入更多的聚精会神？为什么？
写一篇关于如何培养聚精会神的文章。你可以分享一些你自己的方法或建议。
想象一下，如果你能完全聚精会神地学习一门新的技能，你会选择什么技能？为什么？
描述一下一个你观察到别人聚精会神工作或学习的场景。你从中学到了什么？
자주 묻는 질문
10 질문聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén) means to gather one's spirit and attention. It implies a very high level of concentration, where you are completely engrossed in what you're doing, to the point of not noticing anything else around you. It's more intense and focused than simply 'concentrating'. Think of it as being 'absorbed' or 'engrossed' rather than just 'paying attention'.
Sure! You could say: 他聚精会神地听老师讲课。
(Tā jù jīng huì shén de tīng lǎoshī jiǎngkè.)
He listened to the teacher's lecture with great concentration (literally: gathered his spirit and attention to listen).
It's almost always used in a positive context. It describes a desirable state of deep focus, often when someone is doing something important, studying, working, or observing carefully.
Yes, many! You'd use it when someone is deeply focused on:
- Studying or taking an exam: 学生们聚精会神地准备考试。(Xuéshengmen jù jīng huì shén de zhǔnbèi kǎoshì.) - The students concentrated intently on preparing for the exam.
- Reading a book: 他聚精会神地读着小说。(Tā jù jīng huì shén de dúzhe xiǎoshuō.) - He was absorbed in reading the novel.
- Listening to something important: 大家聚精会神地听报告。(Dàjiā jù jīng huì shén de tīng bàogào.) - Everyone listened to the report with full concentration.
- Working on a task: 工程师们聚精会神地调试设备。(Gōngchéngshīmen jù jīng huì shén de tiáoshì shèbèi.) - The engineers were focused on debugging the equipment.
It usually implies a sustained period of deep concentration, not just a fleeting moment. While you can be 'momentarily focused,' 聚精会神 suggests a more prolonged and complete immersion in a task or activity.
Yes, there are a few.
- 专心致志 (zhuānxīn zhìzhì) is very similar and often interchangeable, also meaning to be dedicated and focused.
- 全神贯注 (quán shén guàn zhù) is another common one, meaning to concentrate all one's attention, very close to 聚精会神.
- 全心投入 (quánxīn tóurù) means to commit oneself wholeheartedly, which can imply deep concentration.
While they all relate to focus, 聚精会神 and 全神贯注 often emphasize the gathering of mental energy for a task.
It's more formal and often used in written language or more formal speech. It's a four-character idiom (成语 chéngyǔ), which tend to be a bit more elevated than everyday vocabulary. You wouldn't typically use it in very casual conversation with close friends about something trivial.
You would typically say something like: 他聚精会神地学习。
(Tā jù jīng huì shén de xuéxí.)
He concentrated intently on his studies.
The '地' particle connects the adverbial phrase 聚精会神 to the verb 学习 (to study).
No, you generally would not. 聚精会神 carries a positive connotation of focus on something worthwhile or neutral. If someone is concentrating on something negative, you'd use different words, like '沉迷于' (chénmí yú - to be addicted to/indulge in) for negative absorption, or simply '专心做坏事' (zhuānxīn zuò huàishì - concentrating on doing bad things) if you want to be direct.
Break down the characters:
- 聚 (jù): gather
- 精 (jīng): essence, spirit, energy
- 会 (huì): assemble, meet
- 神 (shén): spirit, attention
So, literally 'gather essence, assemble spirit'. This imagery helps to remember the idea of bringing all your mental energy and focus together. Practice using it in sentences related to studying or work, as those are common contexts.
셀프 테스트 60 질문
她___地听老师讲课。
The word '认真' (rènzhēn) means serious or conscientious, which fits the context of listening to a teacher attentively. '聚精会神' implies a similar level of focused attention.
小明喜欢___地看书。
'安静' (ānjìng) means quiet, which often goes hand-in-hand with concentrating on reading. While '认真' could also work, '安静' sets the scene for focused activity.
他___地学习中文。
'努力' (nǔlì) means to work hard or make an effort. This reflects a concentrated and dedicated approach to learning Chinese.
孩子们___地玩游戏。
'开心' (kāixīn) means happy. When children are happy playing, they are often absorbed in their game, which is a form of concentration.
老师说，上课要___听。
'仔细' (zǐxì) means careful or attentive. This directly relates to the idea of concentrating when listening in class.
他___地画画。
'认真' (rènzhēn) means serious or conscientious. When someone is drawing '认真地', it means they are focused and absorbed in their artwork.
他___地听老师讲课。
The context implies someone listening very attentively to the teacher, which '聚精会神' (to concentrate one's attention) describes perfectly.
学习的时候，我们要___，不要分心。
To avoid distraction while studying, one needs to '聚精会神' (concentrate one's attention).
她___地看着书，连我叫她都没听到。
The sentence indicates she was so absorbed in her book that she didn't hear the speaker, which points to '聚精会神' (to be absorbed in).
工程师们___地工作，希望早日完成任务。
Engineers working diligently to complete a task quickly would be '聚精会神' (concentrating their attention).
在重要的考试中，我们需要___答题。
For an important exam, it's crucial to '聚精会神' (concentrate one's attention) on answering the questions.
他看电影的时候总是___，忘记了周围的一切。
Someone who forgets everything around them while watching a movie is clearly '聚精会神' (absorbed in it).
Do you like listening to music?
What are your plans for this weekend?
He is currently learning Chinese.
Read this aloud:
请你告诉我你的名字。
Focus: 请
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
我喜欢吃中国菜。
Focus: 喜欢
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
这个苹果很好吃。
Focus: 苹果
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
This is a basic SVO (Subject-Verb-Object) sentence structure in Chinese.
This follows the SVO pattern, where '去' (to go) is the verb and '商店' (shop) is the destination.
In Chinese, adjectives often follow '很' (very) to form a descriptive sentence.
Describe a time you had to really focus on something. What was it, and why was it important to concentrate? Use '聚精会神' in your answer.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我记得有一次，我参加了一个很重要的考试。我坐在教室里，听着老师的指令，然后开始答题。那个时候，我真的是聚精会神，因为我知道这次考试对我很重要，我必须考好。
Imagine you are watching a captivating performance (like a play, concert, or sports game). How would you describe your level of attention using '聚精会神'?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
昨天我去看了一场精彩的篮球比赛。球员们在场上非常努力，他们的动作很快。我坐在观众席上，聚精会神地看着每一个细节，生怕错过任何一个精彩的瞬间。
You are trying to learn a new skill. What kind of concentration is needed? Explain how '聚精会神' applies.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我最近在学习画画。画画需要非常高的专注力，因为你需要注意线条、颜色和构图。每次画画的时候，我都努力做到聚精会神，这样才能画出好的作品。
根据短文，小明在学习时表现出了什么？
Read this passage:
小明正在图书馆里写作业。他非常认真，周围的同学说话的声音他都听不见，完全沉浸在自己的学习中。他希望快点完成作业，然后去看电影。
根据短文，小明在学习时表现出了什么？
短文描述小明“非常认真，周围的同学说话的声音他都听不见，完全沉浸在自己的学习中”，这表明他非常专注，也就是聚精会神。
短文描述小明“非常认真，周围的同学说话的声音他都听不见，完全沉浸在自己的学习中”，这表明他非常专注，也就是聚精会神。
学生们在课堂上的状态可以用哪个词来形容？
Read this passage:
老师在课堂上讲解一个很难的语法点。为了帮助学生理解，她讲得很慢，而且还举了很多例子。学生们都非常专心地听着，没有人玩手机，没有人交头接耳。
学生们在课堂上的状态可以用哪个词来形容？
文章提到学生们“非常专心地听着，没有人玩手机，没有人交头接耳”，这说明他们非常专注，因此“聚精会神”是最佳形容。
文章提到学生们“非常专心地听着，没有人玩手机，没有人交头接耳”，这说明他们非常专注，因此“聚精会神”是最佳形容。
看完电影后，作者感觉怎么样？
Read this passage:
昨天晚上，我看了一部非常好看的电影。电影的情节非常吸引人，我从头到尾都一动不动地坐在沙发上。我完全忘记了时间，直到电影结束才回过神来。
看完电影后，作者感觉怎么样？
短文描述作者“从头到尾都一动不动地坐在沙发上”并且“完全忘记了时间”，这表示作者完全被电影吸引，处于高度专注的状态。
短文描述作者“从头到尾都一动不动地坐在沙发上”并且“完全忘记了时间”，这表示作者完全被电影吸引，处于高度专注的状态。
Listen for how '聚精会神' is used to describe someone listening intently to a teacher.
Pay attention to how '聚精会神' describes children watching a cartoon with great focus.
Listen for '聚精会神' in the context of someone always concentrating on their work.
Read this aloud:
请用“聚精会神”造一个句子。
Focus: 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén)
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
你上一次聚精会神地做某事是什么时候？
Focus: 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén)
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
如果你想学好中文，就必须聚精会神地学习。
Focus: 聚精会神 (jù jīng huì shén)
당신의 답변:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Choose the sentence where “聚精会神” is used correctly:
“聚精会神” means to concentrate with full attention. Listening attentively to a teacher is a correct context.
Which of the following is an antonym for “聚精会神”?
“聚精会神” means to concentrate, so its opposite would be to be absent-minded or distracted.
In which situation would someone most likely be “聚精会神”?
A difficult lecture requires high concentration to understand, fitting the meaning of “聚精会神”.
A student who is “聚精会神” in class is likely to be easily distracted.
“聚精会神” means to concentrate fully, which implies not being easily distracted.
If you are “聚精会神” while reading a book, it means you are reading it very carefully and attentively.
Being “聚精会神” while reading means you are fully absorbed and paying close attention to the text.
You can use “聚精会神” to describe someone who is sleeping soundly.
“聚精会神” refers to active concentration and attention, not the state of being asleep.
Describe a time you had to 聚精会神 to complete a task. What was the task, and what did you do to maintain your focus?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
上周我有一个很重要的报告要写，所以我必须聚精会神。我关掉了手机，清空了桌面，并告诉我的家人不要打扰我。我连续工作了几个小时，最终完成了报告。
Imagine you are teaching someone a new skill that requires a lot of concentration. What advice would you give them to help them 聚精会神?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
如果你想聚精会神地学习新技能，我建议你找一个安静的地方，减少所有干扰。你也可以设定小目标，每完成一个目标就休息一下，这有助于保持专注。
In what situations do you find it most challenging to 聚精会神? What strategies do you use to overcome these challenges?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
在嘈杂的环境中，我发现很难聚精会神。我会戴上降噪耳机，或者找一个更安静的地方工作。如果我感到疲劳，我会休息一会儿，喝杯咖啡，然后再继续。
医生在做什么？
Read this passage:
医生正在给病人做手术，他聚精会神地操作着每一个步骤，生怕出现一点差错。护士们也都很安静，不敢发出任何声音，以免打扰到医生。
医生在做什么？
文章中明确提到“医生正在给病人做手术”，并且他“聚精会神地操作着每一个步骤”。
文章中明确提到“医生正在给病人做手术”，并且他“聚精会神地操作着每一个步骤”。
小明今天为什么能够很快完成作业？
Read this passage:
小明在写作业，他平时总是边听音乐边写，但今天为了尽快完成，他关掉了音乐，聚精会神地思考着题目。很快，他就完成了所有的作业。
小明今天为什么能够很快完成作业？
文章中提到小明“关掉了音乐，聚精会神地思考着题目。很快，他就完成了所有的作业”，这表明专注是完成作业的关键。
文章中提到小明“关掉了音乐，聚精会神地思考着题目。很快，他就完成了所有的作业”，这表明专注是完成作业的关键。
同学们为什么聚精会神地听课？
Read this passage:
老师在讲课的时候，同学们都聚精会神地听着。他们知道，如果错过了老师讲的重点，考试就会遇到困难。所以，大家都很认真地做笔记。
同学们为什么聚精会神地听课？
文章中明确说明“如果错过了老师讲的重点，考试就会遇到困难”，所以同学们“聚精会神地听着”。
文章中明确说明“如果错过了老师讲的重点，考试就会遇到困难”，所以同学们“聚精会神地听着”。
她____地听老师讲课，生怕漏掉一个字。
这句话描述了她非常专注地听课，生怕错过任何一个字，'聚精会神'最符合语境。
在比赛的关键时刻，他____，终于找到了制胜的方案。
在关键时刻需要高度集中注意力才能找到解决方案，'聚精会神'表达了这种专注。
工匠们____地雕刻着每一块木头，力求完美。
工匠们在雕刻时需要非常细致和专注，'聚精会神'准确地描述了他们的状态。
一个人在做需要高度集中注意力的任务时，应该聚精会神。
'聚精会神'就是指非常专注地集中注意力，所以这个说法是正确的。
当你在听一个无聊的讲座时，你通常会聚精会神。
无聊的讲座很难让人聚精会神，通常会让人分心。
老师要求学生在考试时聚精会神，以避免犯错。
考试需要高度的专注，'聚精会神'是考试时应有的状态，以减少错误。
Imagine you are describing a chess master deeply engrossed in a game. Write a short paragraph in Chinese, using '聚精会神' to convey their intense concentration. (Around 50-70 characters)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
那位棋手聚精会神地盯着棋盘，仿佛周围的一切都已消失。他眉头紧锁，每一个棋子的移动都经过深思熟虑，全神贯注于眼前的棋局。
Describe a student studying for a crucial exam. How would you use '聚精会神' to show their focus? Write a short description in Chinese. (Around 50-70 characters)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
期末考试临近，小明聚精会神地复习功课。他一头扎进书本，对外界的喧嚣充耳不闻，只专注于眼前的知识点。
You are observing an artist at work, completely absorbed in their creation. Use '聚精会神' to depict this scene in Chinese. (Around 50-70 characters)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
画室里，那位艺术家聚精会神地挥舞着画笔。他眼神专注，似乎已经与画布融为一体，沉浸在自己的艺术世界中。
根据这段文字，各国代表为什么会“聚精会神”？
Read this passage:
在一次重要的国际会议上，各国代表都聚精会神地听着发言。会议厅内气氛庄重，没有人发出任何声音，生怕错过任何一个细节。
根据这段文字，各国代表为什么会“聚精会神”？
文章中明确提到“重要的国际会议”和“生怕错过任何一个细节”，这都说明了会议的重要性是他们聚精会神的原因。
文章中明确提到“重要的国际会议”和“生怕错过任何一个细节”，这都说明了会议的重要性是他们聚精会神的原因。
工程师“不敢有丝毫懈怠”的原因是什么？
Read this passage:
那个年轻的工程师聚精会神地调试着复杂的仪器，脸上时不时露出思考的神色。他深知每一个参数都可能影响实验的最终结果，因此不敢有丝毫懈怠。
工程师“不敢有丝毫懈怠”的原因是什么？
文章中提到“他深知每一个参数都可能影响实验的最终结果，因此不敢有丝毫懈怠”，直接指出了原因。
文章中提到“他深知每一个参数都可能影响实验的最终结果，因此不敢有丝毫懈怠”，直接指出了原因。
孩子们“聚精会神”观看恐龙骨架的原因是？
Read this passage:
孩子们在博物馆里聚精会神地观看恐龙骨架。他们对这些远古生物充满了好奇，不时发出惊叹声，并互相讨论着恐龙的形态和习性。
孩子们“聚精会神”观看恐龙骨架的原因是？
文章中明确写道“他们对这些远古生物充满了好奇”，这是他们聚精会神的主要原因。
文章中明确写道“他们对这些远古生物充满了好奇”，这是他们聚精会神的主要原因。
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