Persian Grammar Hub

Understand Persian Grammar Faster

Browse the grammar system by level and category, then open clear explanations with practical examples.

193 Total Rules
40 Chapters
6 CEFR level
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Understand Persian Grammar Faster

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Active filters: CEFR level: A2
A2 Nouns & Pronouns Verified

Persian Plurals: Making things more than one (-hā & -ān)

Use `-hā` for all plurals unless you're writing formal literature or speaking about living beings in formal settings.

  • • Use `-hā` for everything: people, objects, and pla...
  • • Use `-ān` only for living things in formal or lite...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Nouns & Pronouns Verified

Persian Pronoun Endings: me, you, him (-am, -at, -aš)

Use pronominal suffixes to show possession or objects efficiently without sounding like a formal Persian textbook.

  • • Short endings added to nouns to show possession li...
  • • Replace full pronouns like 'man' or 'to' for a nat...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Nouns & Pronouns Verified

Persian Possession: My, Your, His (-am, -at, -ash)

Attach suffixes for casual talk or use the 'e' bridge for formal clarity to show ownership in Persian.

  • • Use Ezāfe (-e-) to link nouns to pronouns (e.g., k...
  • • Use suffixes (-am, -et, -esh) for fast, natural co...
10 examples 3 exercises 18 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

Formal Future Tense: I will go (khāham raft)

The formal future tense combines 'khāh' + personal ending + the past stem of the main verb, reserved purely for formal contexts.

  • • Used strictly for formal writing and news.
  • • Formed with root 'khāh-' plus endings.
10 examples 1 exercises 1 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

Present Perfect (I have gone)

Use Present Perfect for life experiences, recent actions with current results, or when time isn't specified.

  • • Used for 'I have done' actions
  • • Formula: Past Stem + h + Endings
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

Expressing Ability: How to use 'Can' (tavānestan)

Combine a conjugated form of `tavānestan` with a subjunctive verb to express what you can or cannot do.

  • • Use 'tavānestan' to express ability, possibility,...
  • • The main verb must always be in the present subjun...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

Persian Past Tense: I had, you had (dāshtan)

Mastering `dāsht` unlocks your ability to talk about past possessions, age, and memories in conversational Persian.

  • • The past stem of `dāshtan` is `dāsht`.
  • • Add standard personal endings like `-am` or `-i`.
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

The 4 Key Verb Prefixes (mi, be, na, nemi)

Master these four prefixes to control the timing, mood, and negativity of every Persian verb you speak.

  • • می (mi) marks continuous actions and daily habits.
  • • ب (be) starts commands and 'maybe' or 'should' sen...
10 examples 3 exercises 18 FAQ
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A2 Verb System Verified

The 'Right Now' Tense (دارم می‌روم)

Combine a conjugated form of `داشتن` with the present continuous to express 'right now' actions.

  • • Uses `داشتن` as a helper verb.
  • • Describes actions happening right this second.
10 examples 3 exercises 20 FAQ
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A2 Sentence Structure Verified

Persian Sentence Structure: Verb at the End (SOV)

Always place your verb at the end of the sentence to follow Persian's logical SOV structure.

  • • Subject comes first, then objects, and the verb al...
  • • Place time and location adverbs after the subject...
10 examples 1 exercises 18 FAQ
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A2 Sentence Structure Verified

Persian Time Adverbs: Where does 'today' go?

In Persian, time adverbs belong near the beginning of the sentence, usually right after the subject.

  • • Place time adverbs directly after the subject.
  • • Put time at the very beginning for strong emphasis...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Ezafe Construct Verified

Chaining Ezafe: Connecting Multiple Nouns (-e, -ye)

The Ezafe chain acts as linguistic glue, connecting multiple owners or descriptions to a single main noun.

  • • Use '-e' to link nouns and adjectives in a descrip...
  • • The first word is the main object; following words...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Questions & Negation Verified

Asking 'How' in Persian (Chetor)

Place `chetor` before a conjugated verb to ask about manner, health, or opinions in everyday Persian.

  • • Use `chetor` (چطور) for 'how' in almost any everyd...
  • • Place `chetor` immediately before the verb in your...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Questions & Negation Verified

Persian Negative Present Tense: Saying No (ne-mī-)

To negate Persian present verbs, combine `ne-` and `mī-` with the present stem and personal ending.

  • • Use the prefix `ne-mī-` before the present stem fo...
  • • Present tense covers right now, habitual actions,...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Questions & Negation Verified

Won't do it: The Negative Future (na-khāhandan)

The negative future uses a negated auxiliary verb `khāh-` followed by the main verb's past stem.

  • • Used for formal, written, or highly certain future...
  • • Formed by: `na-` + `khāh` + personal ending + past...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Compound Verbs Verified

The Magic of Compound Verbs (Kār Kardan)

Compound verbs are a noun plus a dummy verb; only the dummy verb changes form.

  • • Combine a noun/adjective with a helper verb.
  • • Only conjugate the helper verb (second part).
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Compound Verbs Verified

Persian 'Becoming' and Passive: Using Shodan (شدن)

Use `shodan` to describe changes of state and to form the passive voice in Persian compound verbs.

  • • Shodan means 'to become' and forms compound verbs.
  • • It is the primary tool for the Persian passive voi...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Imperatives Verified

Persian Commands & Requests: Do this! (Imperatives)

Master the present stem and add `be-` for instant commands, switching to `-id` for polite, formal requests.

  • • Use prefix `be-` + present stem for informal comma...
  • • Add `-id` to the stem for formal or plural request...
11 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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A2 Prepositions & Postpositions Verified

Persian Location Words: In, On, Under (dar, rū, zīr)

Use `dar` for general location, but remember to link `rū` and `zīr` to their nouns using the Ezafe sound.

  • • `dar` (در) = In / At (general location)
  • • `rū-ye` (روی) = On (surface contact)
10 examples 1 exercises 1 FAQ
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A2 Prepositions & Postpositions Verified

The Magic of With & Without: 'Bā' vs 'Bedūn'

Use `bā` for connections and tools, and `bedūn-e` for absence, remembering the crucial Ezafe connector for the latter.

  • • `bā` (با) means "with" and goes before the noun.
  • • `bedūn-e` (بدونِ) means "without" and needs the `-...
10 examples 8 exercises 8 FAQ
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Why Learn Persian Grammar?

Grammar is the foundation of language fluency. Without understanding grammar patterns, you can memorize vocabulary but struggle to form correct sentences. Here's why structured grammar study matters:

Build Accurate Sentences

Move beyond memorized phrases. Understand the rules so you can create original, correct sentences in any situation.

Pass Language Exams

Grammar is tested in every major language exam — IELTS, DELE, DELF, JLPT, HSK, TOPIK, and more. Our CEFR-aligned curriculum maps directly to exam requirements.

Understand Native Speakers

Knowing grammar helps you parse complex sentences, understand nuance, and follow conversations even when speakers use advanced constructions.

Progress Faster

Students who study grammar systematically reach fluency faster than those who rely on immersion alone. Structure accelerates learning.

How Our Persian Grammar Course Works

1

Choose Your Level

Start with your CEFR level — from A0 Zero Point to C2 Mastery. Not sure? Begin at A0 and progress at your own pace.

2

Study Structured Chapters

Each chapter covers a grammar topic with clear explanations, pattern tables, and real-world example sentences.

3

Practice with Exercises

Test your understanding with interactive exercises — fill-in-the-blank, multiple choice, sentence building, and translation practice.

4

Track & Progress

Your progress is saved automatically. Complete chapters, unlock new levels, and watch your grammar mastery grow.

Frequently Asked Questions About Persian Grammar

SubLearn covers 193 Persian grammar rules organized across 6 CEFR proficiency levels (from A1 to C2), spanning 40 structured chapters. Each rule includes clear explanations, real-world examples, and interactive practice exercises.

Our Persian grammar curriculum covers CEFR levels from A1 to C2. Each level is designed to match your current proficiency — beginners start with basic sentence patterns at A1, while advanced learners tackle nuanced structures at C1-C2.

Yes! All Persian grammar rules, explanations, and examples are completely free to access. You can browse the full curriculum, read detailed explanations, and practice with exercises at no cost.

Grammar is organized into 40 thematic chapters following the CEFR framework. Each chapter groups related rules together — for example, verb tenses, sentence structure, or particles — so you can learn related concepts in a logical sequence.

Yes! Create a free account to track which grammar rules you've studied, see your progress across all CEFR levels, and pick up exactly where you left off. Your learning progress syncs across devices.

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