When you're talking about feeling unwell, the Finnish word for 'illness' is sairaus. It's a noun, which means it names a thing – in this case, a state of not being healthy. For example, if someone has a cold, you could refer to it as a sairaus. It's a useful word to know when discussing health or sickness in Finnish.
When talking about various medical conditions and illnesses in Finnish, you will often encounter the word sairaus. This noun directly translates to 'illness' or 'disease' in English. It's a fundamental word to know when describing health issues or discussing medical topics. You might use it to say someone has a particular illness, or to refer to the general concept of sickness. Understanding sairaus is a good step towards more complex medical vocabulary.
§ What 'sairaus' Means
Let's talk about the Finnish word sairaus. It's an important one to know, especially if you ever need to discuss health or medical topics in Finland. Simply put, sairaus means 'illness' or 'sickness' in English. It's a noun, and it's used very commonly in everyday conversation, news, and official documents.
- DEFINITION
- illness, sickness, disease
Think of it as the general term for any kind of health problem that makes you feel unwell or prevents your body from functioning normally. It can refer to a mild cold, a chronic condition, or something more serious. It's a broad term, like 'illness' in English, which covers a wide range of health issues.
Minulla on joku sairaus.
Here, Minulla on joku sairaus means 'I have some illness.' You're not specifying what it is, just that you're sick.
Mikä sairaus hänellä on?
This translates to 'What illness does he/she have?' Again, it's a general question about their health condition.
§ When to Use 'sairaus'
You'll hear and use sairaus in many different contexts. Here are some common situations:
- Talking about general health: When you want to refer to a health problem without being specific.
- Medical discussions: Doctors and nurses will use this term.
- Insurance and official forms: It's the standard word for 'illness' in these documents.
- News and public health information: When discussing diseases or public health concerns.
It's crucial to understand that sairaus is usually more formal than just saying you 'don't feel well' (vointi ei ole hyvä) or that you're 'sick' (olen kipeä). While kipeä is an adjective meaning 'sore' or 'sick' (as in 'I am sick'), sairaus is the noun, the actual condition.
Influenssa on yleinen sairaus.
This means 'Influenza is a common illness.'
Hän jäi pois töistä sairauden takia.
Here, sairauden takia means 'due to illness.' Notice how sairaus changes its form to sairauden due to grammatical cases. This is called the genitive case, and you'll learn more about cases later. For now, just recognize the base word.
§ Common Phrases with 'sairaus'
Here are some phrases where you'll often encounter sairaus:
- Tarttuva sairaus: infectious disease
- Krooninen sairaus: chronic illness
- Mielisairaus: mental illness (literally 'mind-illness')
- Lastentauti (lasten sairaus): childhood disease (often shortened to lastentauti)
- Sairausloma: sick leave (literally 'illness-holiday')
- Sairausvakuutus: health insurance (literally 'illness-insurance')
As you can see, sairaus forms the basis for many other related terms. Understanding its core meaning will help you decode these longer words.
Tarvitsen sairauslomaa.
This means 'I need sick leave.' Very practical, right?
So, to wrap it up, sairaus is your go-to word for 'illness' in Finnish. It's a foundational word for discussing health, and you'll find it incredibly useful. Keep practicing these examples, and you'll be using it naturally in no time!
§ Understanding 'sairaus'
The Finnish word for 'illness' is sairaus. It's a noun. You'll hear and use it quite a bit when talking about health. It's a straightforward word, but like many Finnish nouns, it changes form depending on how you use it in a sentence.
- Finnish Word
- sairaus (noun)
- Definition
- illness
- CEFR Level
- A2
Let's look at some examples of 'sairaus' in context. Pay attention to how the ending changes, as this is crucial in Finnish grammar.
Hänellä on harvinainen sairaus.
Translation hint: He/She has a rare illness.
Mikä sairaus se on?
Translation hint: What illness is it?
§ Basic forms and cases
Finnish is a case language. This means words change their endings based on their role in a sentence. For 'sairaus', we'll mostly focus on the nominative, partitive, genitive, and illative for now. Don't worry too much about memorizing all the names yet; focus on the endings and how they change the meaning.
- Nominative: sairaus (the illness, an illness - basic form, subject of the sentence)
- Partitive: sairautta (some illness, an illness - used with negative verbs, or when referring to an undefined amount)
- Genitive: sairauden (of the illness, illness's - indicates possession)
- Illative: sairauteen (into the illness - indicates movement towards something)
§ 'Sairaus' in different contexts
Let's dive into some practical examples to see how 'sairaus' changes and what prepositions (or rather, postpositions in Finnish) you might use with it. Finnish doesn't really use prepositions like English; instead, it uses postpositions or case endings to show relationships between words.
§ Talking about having an illness
When you want to say someone has an illness, you often use the adessive case (ending -lla/-llä) with the person, and 'sairaus' remains in its nominative or partitive form, depending on the context.
Minulla on jokin sairaus.
Translation hint: I have some illness. (Here, 'sairaus' is in nominative, acting as the subject of the sentence 'on' which means 'is' or 'there is' in this construction, with the adessive 'minulla' meaning 'on me' or 'I have'.)
Hänellä on vakava sairaus.
Translation hint: He/She has a serious illness.
§ Describing symptoms or effects of an illness
When you're talking about the symptoms or effects related to an illness, you might see 'sairaus' in the genitive case (sairauden) or combined with other words.
Sairauden oireet ovat lieviä.
Translation hint: The illness's symptoms are mild. (Literally, 'of the illness the symptoms are mild'.)
Tämä lääke auttaa sairautta.
Translation hint: This medicine helps the illness. (Here, 'sairautta' is in the partitive case, as the object of 'auttaa' (to help) which often takes the partitive.)
§ Related phrases and words
'Sairaus' is also part of many common phrases. Here are a few to get you started:
- Sairausloma: sick leave (literally 'illness leave')
- Sairasloma todistus: sick leave certificate (often just 'sairauslomatodistus' as one word)
- Sairastua: to fall ill, to get sick (this is a verb related to sairaus)
Tarvitsen sairauslomaa.
Translation hint: I need sick leave.
Hän sairastui
Translation hint: He/She fell ill yesterday.
§ Practicing 'sairaus'
The best way to get comfortable with 'sairaus' and its different forms is to practice. Try to form your own sentences. Think about times you'd use 'illness' in English and then try to translate those ideas into Finnish, even if it's just a simple phrase.
Here are some questions to get you thinking:
- Do you know anyone with a sairaus? (Tunnetko ketään jolla on sairaus?)
- What is the most common sairaus in Finland? (Mikä on yleisin sairaus Suomessa?)
Keep practicing, and you'll get the hang of it!
§ Understanding 'sairaus' and its nuances
The Finnish word 'sairaus' generally means 'illness' or 'disease'. It's a straightforward noun, but like many words, its usage can sometimes trip up learners. The most common mistakes revolve around confusing it with 'kipu' (pain), 'vaiva' (ailment/trouble), or using it incorrectly in contexts where English might use 'sickness' or 'being sick'. Let's break down these common pitfalls to help you use 'sairaus' more accurately.
§ Mistake 1: Confusing 'sairaus' with 'kipu' (pain)
This is a very common error. While an illness can cause pain, 'sairaus' itself is not 'pain'. 'Kipu' is the Finnish word for 'pain'. Think of 'sairaus' as the condition, and 'kipu' as a symptom that might come with it.
- DEFINITION
- Sairaus: illness, disease
- DEFINITION
- Kipu: pain, ache
You wouldn't say 'Minulla on sairaus päässä' to mean 'I have a headache'. That would imply a brain disease. Instead, you'd say 'Minulla on pääkipu' (I have a headache) or 'Minun päätä särkee' (My head aches).
Flunssa on yleinen sairaus.
(A cold is a common illness.)
Minulla on kova kipu(I have severe pain in my back.)
§ Mistake 2: Overusing 'sairaus' for minor ailments or 'being sick'
In English, we often say 'I'm sick' even for a slight cold. In Finnish, while 'sairaus' can cover a cold, it sounds a bit too formal or serious for just feeling unwell. For a general feeling of being unwell or a minor ailment, you'd typically use 'olla sairas' (to be sick) or 'olla kipeä' (to be sore/ill).
'Olen sairas.' (I am sick/ill.) - This is a good general phrase.
'Olen kipeä.' (I am ill/sore.) - Also very common, especially for minor illnesses or aches.
Using 'Minulla on sairaus' often implies a diagnosable disease, not just a temporary feeling of being unwell.
Hän on ollut sairas jo viikon.
(He has been sick for a week already.)
Minulla on vatsa kipeä.
(My stomach is sore/upset.)
§ Mistake 3: Confusing 'sairaus' with 'vaiva' (ailment/trouble)
'Vaiva' is another word that can sometimes be translated as 'ailment' or 'trouble', and it often refers to less severe or chronic conditions. While some overlap exists, 'sairaus' usually points to a more clearly defined medical condition or disease. 'Vaiva' can be broader, including things like a recurring minor ache or a nuisance.
- DEFINITION
- Vaiva: ailment, trouble, nuisance
For example, a sore knee might be a 'vaiva' if it's a minor, recurring issue, but if it's diagnosed as arthritis, then arthritis is a 'sairaus'.
Reuma on autoimmuunisairaus.
(Rheumatism is an autoimmune disease.)
Tämä niskavaiva palaa aina.
(This neck ailment always comes back.)
§ Correct usage scenarios for 'sairaus'
Use 'sairaus' when you are referring to a specific, diagnosable medical condition, often with a name.
When talking about a specific disease: 'diabetes on krooninen sairaus' (diabetes is a chronic illness).
In medical contexts: 'diagnoosi osoitti harvinaisen sairauden' (the diagnosis revealed a rare disease).
When discussing the concept of illness in general: 'sairauskierre' (a cycle of illness).
By being mindful of these distinctions, you'll sound much more natural and accurate when discussing health and illness in Finnish. Keep practicing, and you'll master 'sairaus' and its related terms in no time!
ज़रूरी व्याकरण
In Finnish, nouns decline based on case. 'Sairaus' (illness) is in the nominative singular. To say 'of an illness' (genitive case), it becomes 'sairauden'.
Sairauden takia hän ei voinut tulla. (Because of the illness, he couldn't come.)
When referring to 'an illness' in a general sense or as a subject of a sentence, use the nominative form 'sairaus'.
Sairaus on vakava. (The illness is serious.)
To express 'with an illness' or 'suffering from an illness', the elative case '-sta/-stä' is often used with verbs like 'kärsiä' (to suffer). For 'sairaus', it becomes 'sairaudesta'.
Hän kärsii harvinaisesta sairaudesta. (He suffers from a rare illness.)
The partitive case '-a/-ä' is used when the illness is an object of a negative sentence or an indefinite quantity. 'Sairaus' becomes 'sairautta'.
Minulla ei ole sairautta. (I don't have an illness.)
When talking about having a specific illness, the illative case '-an/-en' is not typically used directly with 'sairaus' in the sense of 'into an illness'. Instead, other constructions or forms of the word are used. However, 'sairaus' can be part of compound words or phrases.
Heillä on perinnöllinen sairaus. (They have a hereditary illness.)
स्तर के अनुसार उदाहरण
Sairaus uuvutti hänet täysin, ja hän joutui jäämään pitkälle sairauslomalle toipumaan.
The illness completely exhausted him, and he had to take a long sick leave to recover.
Harvinainen sairaus vaikeutti diagnosointia, ja lääkärit joutuivat tekemään perusteellisia tutkimuksia.
The rare illness made diagnosis difficult, and doctors had to conduct thorough examinations.
Perinnöllinen sairaus kulkee suvussa, ja sen ennaltaehkäisyyn panostetaan paljon.
A hereditary illness runs in the family, and a lot is invested in its prevention.
Vakava sairaus pakotti hänet luopumaan unelmistaan ja keskittymään terveydenhoitoon.
A serious illness forced him to give up his dreams and focus on healthcare.
Psyykkinen sairaus voi vaikuttaa elämänlaatuun merkittävästi, ja ammattitukia on tärkeää hakea.
Mental illness can significantly affect quality of life, and it's important to seek professional support.
Tarttuva sairaus levisi nopeasti yhteisössä, ja viranomaiset antoivat suosituksia leviämisen estämiseksi.
The infectious illness spread rapidly in the community, and authorities issued recommendations to prevent its spread.
Krooninen sairaus vaatii jatkuvaa hoitoa ja seurantaa, jotta oireet pysyvät hallinnassa.
Chronic illness requires continuous treatment and monitoring to keep symptoms under control.
Äkillinen sairaus keskeytti matkan, ja hänen oli palattava kotiin toipumaan rauhassa.
A sudden illness interrupted the trip, and he had to return home to recover in peace.
Sairaus iskee usein silloin, kun sitä vähiten odottaa, mullistaen arjen ja pakottaen pohtimaan elämän perusasioita uudella tavalla.
Illness often strikes when one least expects it, revolutionizing daily life and forcing one to reflect on the basic things in life in a new way.
Pitkäaikainen sairaus voi koetella ihmisen henkistä kanttia äärimmilleen, vaatien sinnikkyyttä ja sopeutumiskykyä jatkuviin muutoksiin.
A long-term illness can test a person's mental fortitude to the extreme, requiring perseverance and adaptability to continuous changes.
Vaikka sairaus usein rajoittaa fyysistä toimintakykyä, se voi samalla avata ovia syvemmälle itsetuntemukselle ja uusien merkitysten löytämiselle.
Although illness often limits physical ability, it can at the same time open doors to deeper self-knowledge and the discovery of new meanings.
Yhteiskunnan on kyettävä vastaamaan erilaisten sairauksien asettamiin haasteisiin tarjoamalla kattavaa tukea ja hoitoa kaikille tarvitseville.
Society must be able to respond to the challenges posed by various illnesses by providing comprehensive support and care to all who need it.
Sairaus ei ole vain yksilön ongelma, vaan se heijastuu laajasti perheen, ystävien ja koko yhteisön hyvinvointiin, edellyttäen yhteistä vastuunottoa.
Illness is not just an individual's problem, but it broadly reflects on the well-being of family, friends, and the entire community, requiring shared responsibility.
Tieteellinen tutkimus etsii jatkuvasti uusia keinoja sairauksien ehkäisemiseksi ja parantamiseksi, antaen toivoa entistä terveemmästä tulevaisuudesta.
Scientific research constantly seeks new ways to prevent and cure illnesses, giving hope for an even healthier future.
Vaikka sairaus voi tuoda mukanaan paljon surua ja ahdistusta, se voi myös toimia katalyyttinä myönteisille elämänmuutoksille ja arvojen uudelleenarvioinnille.
Although illness can bring much sorrow and anxiety, it can also act as a catalyst for positive life changes and a re-evaluation of values.
On tärkeää muistaa, että sairaus ei määrittele ihmistä kokonaisuutena, vaan jokainen ansaitsee tulla kohdelluksi yksilönä, jolla on ainutlaatuinen tarina ja kokemus.
It is important to remember that illness does not define a person as a whole, but everyone deserves to be treated as an individual with a unique story and experience.
शब्द परिवार
संज्ञा
क्रिया
विशेषण
खुद को परखो 36 सवाल
Minulla on ______. Olen kipeä. (I have an ______. I am sick.)
The word 'sairaus' (illness) fits here to complete the sentence about having a sickness.
Flunssa on yleinen ______. (Flu is a common ______.)
Here, 'sairaus' (illness) is used to describe flu as a type of illness.
Hänellä on vakava ______. (He has a serious ______.)
'Sairaus' (illness) completes the sentence, meaning he has a serious illness.
Mikä tämä ______ on? (What is this ______?)
The question asks what 'this illness' is, so 'sairaus' is the correct word.
Toivon, että hänen ______ paranee pian. (I hope his ______ gets better soon.)
In this sentence, we are talking about 'his illness' getting better, so 'sairaus' is correct.
Yskä ja kuume ovat yleisiä ______ oireita. (Cough and fever are common symptoms of ______.)
Here, we need the genitive form 'sairauden' (of illness) because it's 'symptoms of illness'.
Listen to the sentence and understand the core meaning.
Pay attention to the word 'vakava' (serious).
This is a question asking about an illness.
Read this aloud:
Minulla on sairaus.
Focus: sai-rau-us
तुमने कहा:
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Read this aloud:
Onko sinulla sairaus?
Focus: sai-rau-us
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
Tämä on yleinen sairaus.
Focus: sai-rau-us
तुमने कहा:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence about someone having an illness. Use 'sairaus'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Minulla on sairaus.
Translate: 'The illness is bad.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Sairaus on paha.
Complete the sentence: 'Hänellä on _____' (He/She has an illness).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hänellä on sairaus.
What does the person need to do?
Read this passage:
Minulla on sairaus. Se ei ole hyvä. Minun täytyy mennä lääkäriin. Lääkäri auttaa minua.
What does the person need to do?
The passage says 'Minun täytyy mennä lääkäriin.' which means 'I have to go to the doctor.'
The passage says 'Minun täytyy mennä lääkäriin.' which means 'I have to go to the doctor.'
What is the doctor's opinion?
Read this passage:
Tämä on paha sairaus. Se kestää kauan. Mutta lääkäri sanoo, että paranen.
What is the doctor's opinion?
The passage states 'Mutta lääkäri sanoo, että paranen.' which means 'But the doctor says that I will get better.'
The passage states 'Mutta lääkäri sanoo, että paranen.' which means 'But the doctor says that I will get better.'
What is important to do when sick?
Read this passage:
Sairaus on yleinen. Monet ihmiset sairastuvat. On tärkeää levätä ja juoda paljon.
What is important to do when sick?
The passage says 'On tärkeää levätä ja juoda paljon.' meaning 'It is important to rest and drink a lot.'
The passage says 'On tärkeää levätä ja juoda paljon.' meaning 'It is important to rest and drink a lot.'
Mitä tarkoitetaan, kun sanotaan, että 'sairaus ei katso aikaa eikä paikkaa'?
Fraasi 'sairaus ei katso aikaa eikä paikkaa' tarkoittaa, että tauti voi ilmetä odottamatta milloin ja missä tahansa.
Valitse oikea sana täydentämään lause: 'Jatkuva stressi voi johtaa moniin _______, kuten unettomuuteen ja sydänvaivoihin.'
Kontekstissa, jossa puhutaan terveysongelmista, 'sairauksiin' (illnesses) on oikea valinta.
Mikä seuraavista lauseista kuvaa parhaiten sanan 'sairaus' vaikutusta yhteiskuntaan?
Sairaudet voivat todellakin aiheuttaa taloudellisia (kuten sairauslomien ja hoitojen kustannukset) ja sosiaalisia haasteita (kuten yhteisöjen eristäminen epidemioiden aikana).
On totta, että 'sairaus' tarkoittaa aina fyysistä vaivaa, eikä se voi viitata mielenterveysongelmiin.
Sana 'sairaus' kattaa sekä fyysiset että mielenterveydelliset ongelmat suomen kielessä. Esimerkiksi masennus on mielenterveyden sairaus.
Vakava sairaus voi vaikuttaa henkilön koko elämänlaatuun ja tulevaisuudensuunnitelmiin.
Vakavat sairaudet voivat todellakin muuttaa elämänlaatuja ja pakottaa ihmiset muuttamaan suunnitelmiaan, kuten työn tai opintojen suhteen.
Finnish society considers the impact of 'sairaus' primarily on individuals, with little emphasis on its broader societal implications.
Finnish society places significant emphasis on public health and welfare, recognizing that illness affects not just individuals but also has broader societal and economic implications.
Imagine you are writing an email to a Finnish friend explaining that you can't make it to a planned event because of an illness. Mention what kind of illness it is (e.g., flu, cold) and apologize. Use 'sairaus' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Hei [ystävän nimi], Olen pahoillani, mutta en pääse tänään, koska minulla on sairaus. Luulen, että se on vain flunssa, mutta minun on parasta pysyä kotona. Olen todella pahoillani ja toivon, että näemme pian! Terveisin, [Oma nimi]
Write a short paragraph about the importance of preventing illness during winter. Discuss common ways to stay healthy.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Talvella sairauden ehkäisy on erittäin tärkeää. Flunssat ja muut virustaudit leviävät helposti kylmällä säällä. Hyvä käsienpesu, riittävä lepo ja terveellinen ruokavalio auttavat pysymään terveenä. Rokotukset voivat myös suojata vakavilta sairauksilta. Muista pitää huolta itsestäsi!
Describe a situation where someone might need to take a sick leave from work or school due to a serious illness. What steps would they typically take in Finland?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
Jos henkilöllä on vakava sairaus, joka estää häntä menemästä töihin tai kouluun, hänelle myönnetään sairausloma. Ensimmäinen askel on yleensä ottaa yhteyttä lääkäriin diagnoosin ja lääkärintodistuksen saamiseksi. Sen jälkeen työnantajalle tai koululle ilmoitetaan poissaolosta ja toimitetaan lääkärintodistus, jos sitä vaaditaan. Sairausloman aikana on tärkeää levätä ja parantua.
Miksi on tärkeää hakeutua lääkärin hoitoon ajoissa?
Read this passage:
Monet ihmiset kokevat erilaisia sairauksia elämänsä aikana. Jotkut ovat lyhytaikaisia, kuten flunssa, kun taas toiset voivat olla kroonisia ja vaativat pitkäaikaista hoitoa. Tärkeää on hakeutua lääkärin hoitoon ajoissa, jotta sairaus ei pahene ja parantuminen on nopeampaa. Julkinen terveydenhuolto Suomessa tarjoaa apua monenlaisiin terveysongelmiin.
Miksi on tärkeää hakeutua lääkärin hoitoon ajoissa?
Tekstissä mainitaan, että 'Tärkeää on hakeutua lääkärin hoitoon ajoissa, jotta sairaus ei pahene ja parantuminen on nopeampaa.'
Tekstissä mainitaan, että 'Tärkeää on hakeutua lääkärin hoitoon ajoissa, jotta sairaus ei pahene ja parantuminen on nopeampaa.'
Miksi sairaat lapset pyydetään pitämään kotona koulusta tai päiväkodista?
Read this passage:
Lasten sairaudet ovat usein erilaisia kuin aikuisten. Esimerkiksi vesirokko ja tuhkarokko ovat tyypillisiä lapsuusiän sairauksia, joihin useimmat aikuiset ovat jo sairastaneet tai saaneet rokotuksen. On tärkeää, että vanhemmat tunnistavat lapsen sairauden oireet ja vievät lapsen lääkäriin tarvittaessa. Koulut ja päiväkodit pyytävät usein pitämään sairaat lapset kotona tartuntojen leviämisen estämiseksi.
Miksi sairaat lapset pyydetään pitämään kotona koulusta tai päiväkodista?
Tekstissä sanotaan: 'Koulut ja päiväkodit pyytävät usein pitämään sairaat lapset kotona tartuntojen leviämisen estämiseksi.'
Tekstissä sanotaan: 'Koulut ja päiväkodit pyytävät usein pitämään sairaat lapset kotona tartuntojen leviämisen estämiseksi.'
Mikä on paras keino ehkäistä monia sairauksia tekstin mukaan?
Read this passage:
Terveelliset elämäntavat ovat paras keino ehkäistä monia sairauksia. Säännöllinen liikunta, tasapainoinen ruokavalio ja riittävä uni vahvistavat immuunijärjestelmää ja auttavat kehoa taistelemaan infektioita vastaan. Vaikka kaikkiin sairauksiin ei voi vaikuttaa elämäntavoilla, niiden avulla voi merkittävästi vähentää riskiä sairastua yleisimpiin tauteihin.
Mikä on paras keino ehkäistä monia sairauksia tekstin mukaan?
Tekstissä kerrotaan: 'Terveelliset elämäntavat ovat paras keino ehkäistä monia sairauksia.'
Tekstissä kerrotaan: 'Terveelliset elämäntavat ovat paras keino ehkäistä monia sairauksia.'
This sentence describes how his illness affected his ability to work effectively. The possessive suffix '-nsa' attaches to 'sairaus' (illness) and 'kyky' (ability) to indicate 'his/her illness' and 'his/her ability'.
This sentence means 'A long-term illness can cause significant financial challenges.' 'Pitkäaikainen' (long-term) modifies 'sairaus' (illness), and 'merkittäviä taloudellisia haasteita' (significant financial challenges) is the object of 'aiheuttaa' (to cause).
This sentence translates to 'Sick leave has been granted to the employee due to his illness.' 'Sairausloma' (sick leave) is the subject, 'myönnetty' (granted) is the past participle, and 'hänen sairautensa vuoksi' (due to his illness) explains the reason.
/ 36 correct
Perfect score!
