Using 'Each Other' (Ek Dusre) in Hindi
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'ek dusre' (एक-दूसरे) to express mutual actions between two or more people.
- Use 'ek dusre' for mutual actions: वे एक-दूसरे से बात कर रहे हैं (They are talking to each other).
- It acts as a single unit: It does not change based on gender or number.
- Always place it before the verb or the postposition: हम एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं (We know each other).
Overview
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) in Hindi functions as a reciprocal pronoun, denoting an action or relationship that is mutual between two or more parties. Unlike English, which differentiates between "each other" (for two) and "one another" (for more than two), Hindi's एक दूसरे comprehensively covers both scenarios without requiring a change in form. This grammatical construction is fundamental for expressing mutual actions, shared feelings, or interdependent states, significantly streamlining sentences that would otherwise necessitate repetitive or cumbersome phrasing.
For instance, instead of explicitly stating "Rahul looks at Priya, and Priya looks at Rahul," Hindi employs the more concise "They look at एक दूसरे." Its primary purpose is to eliminate redundancy by clearly indicating that the subject performs an action upon another, and that other performs the same action back upon the subject. This pronoun remains invariable in its core form (एक दूसरे), providing a stable and consistent foundation for expressing mutual interactions across diverse grammatical contexts. This linguistic efficiency compacts complex reciprocal ideas into a singular, easily recognizable unit, which is crucial for conveying nuanced interpersonal dynamics in Hindi.
How This Grammar Works
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) is intrinsically linked to the use of postpositions. In Hindi, postpositions are particles that follow a noun or pronoun, establishing its grammatical relationship to other elements within the sentence, analogous to prepositions in English. When एक दूसरे is used, the relevant postposition invariably attaches directly to दूसरे (dusre), rather than to एक (ek).एक दूसरे को (ek dusre ko) denotes a direct object relationship, signifying "to each other" or "each other as the direct recipient of an action." Conversely, एक दूसरे से (ek dusre se) typically indicates interaction, accompaniment, or the instrument by which the mutual action occurs, translating to "with/from/by each other." The selection of the appropriate postposition is governed by the verb's transitivity and its conventional grammatical requirements. A verb like देखना (to see) generally takes को for its direct object, hence एक दूसरे को देखना.बात करना (to talk) usually pairs with से, resulting in एक दूसरे से बात करना.एक दूसरे itself does not inflect for gender, number, or case. It remains एक दूसरे regardless of the characteristics of the interacting parties. Any agreement for gender and number within the sentence is solely managed by the main verb, which conjugates in accordance with the actual subject of the sentence.राधा और सीता एक दूसरे से बात कर रही हैं।(Radha aur Sita ek dusre se baat kar rahi hain.) – Radha and Sita are talking to each other. (Here,कर रही हैंagrees with the feminine plural subjectराधा और सीता.)हम एक दूसरे को समझते हैं।(Hum ek dusre ko samajhte hain.) – We understand each other. (समझते हैंagrees with the masculine plural subjectहम.)छात्र एक दूसरे के साथ घूम रहे थे।(Chhatr ek dusre ke saath ghoom rahe the.) – The students were walking with each other. (घूम रहे थेagrees with the masculine plural subjectछात्र.)
Formation Pattern
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) follows a clear and systematic pattern. The fundamental structure involves the subject, followed by एक दूसरे, then the appropriate postposition, and finally the conjugated main verb.
[Subject] + एक दूसरे [ek dusre] + [Postposition] + [Verb]
एक दूसरे and clarifies their respective semantic contributions.
एक दूसरे | Example Phrase | Devanagari Example |
ko | to/each other (direct object, recipient) | एक दूसरे को देखना (ek dusre ko dekhna) – to see each other | वे एक दूसरे को देखते हैं। (Ve ek dusre ko dekhte hain.) |
se | with/from/by each other (interaction, instrument, separation) | एक दूसरे से बात करना (ek dusre se baat karna) – to talk with each other | हम एक दूसरे से सीखते हैं। (Hum ek dusre se seekhte hain.) |
ke saath | with each other (accompaniment, together) | एक दूसरे के साथ रहना (ek dusre ke saath rahna) – to live with each other | दोस्त एक दूसरे के साथ रहते हैं। (Dost ek dusre ke saath rahte hain.) |
ke liye | for each other (purpose, benefit) | एक दूसरे के लिए कुछ करना (ek dusre ke liye kuchh karna) – to do something for each other | हमें एक दूसरे के लिए जीना चाहिए। (Hamein ek dusre ke liye jeena chahiye.) |
ka/ke/ki | each other's (possessive) | एक दूसरे की मदद करना (ek dusre ki madad karna) – to help each other (lit. to do each other's help) | वे एक दूसरे का सम्मान करते हैं। (Ve ek dusre ka samman karte hain.) |
का/के/की, these forms will inflect according to the gender and number of the noun being possessed, not according to the gender or number of the individuals involved in the reciprocal relationship. For example, एक दूसरे की किताब (each other's book, किताब is feminine) versus एक दूसरे का फ़ोन (each other's phone, फ़ोन is masculine).
दोनों भाई एक दूसरे से बहुत प्यार करते हैं। (Donon bhai ek dusre se bahut pyaar karte hain.) – Both brothers love each other very much.
छात्रों ने एक दूसरे के नोट्स देखे। (Chhatron ne ek dusre ke notes dekhe.) – The students saw each other's notes. (नोट्स is masculine plural, hence के.)
When To Use It
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) is extensive, covering any scenario where a mutual interaction, shared emotion, or reciprocal relationship needs to be conveyed. Its versatility makes it indispensable in Hindi communication.- 1To Express Mutual Actions: Use
एक दूसरेwhen two or more subjects perform the same action upon each other.
वे एक दूसरे को देख रहे थे।(Ve ek dusre ko dekh rahe the.) – They were looking at each other.हम एक दूसरे को चिट्ठी लिखते हैं।(Hum ek dusre ko chitthi likhte hain.) – We write letters to each other.बच्चे एक दूसरे पर हँस रहे थे।(Bachche ek dusre par hans rahe the.) – The children were laughing at each other.
- 1To Indicate Mutual States or Feelings: This is crucial for describing shared emotions, understanding, or reciprocal sentiments between individuals or groups.
अध्यापक और छात्र एक दूसरे को समझते हैं।(Adhyapak aur chhatr ek dusre ko samajhte hain.) – The teacher and students understand each other.पति-पत्नी एक दूसरे से बहुत खुश हैं।(Pati-patni ek dusre se bahut khush hain.) – The husband and wife are very happy with each other.वे एक दूसरे से नफ़रत करते हैं।(Ve ek dusre se nafrat karte hain.) – They hate each other.
- 1To Characterize Reciprocal Relationships:
एक दूसरेhelps define the nature of a connection, whether positive or negative.
दोनों देश एक दूसरे के दुश्मन हैं।(Donon desh ek dusre ke dushman hain.) – Both countries are enemies of each other.वे एक दूसरे के अच्छे दोस्त हैं।(Ve ek dusre ke achchhe dost hain.) – They are good friends with each other.हमें एक दूसरे के प्रति ज़िम्मेदार होना चाहिए।(Hamein ek dusre ke prati zimmedaar hona chahiye.) – We should be responsible towards each other.
- 1For Spatial or Positional Relationships (less common but valid): While other constructions might sometimes be preferred,
एक दूसरेcan describe objects positioned reciprocally.
किताबें एक दूसरे के ऊपर रखी हैं।(Kitaben ek dusre ke upar rakhi hain.) – The books are placed on top of each other.ये दोनों दीवारें एक दूसरे से सटी हुई हैं।(Ye donon divaren ek dusre se sati hui hain.) – These two walls are stuck to each other.
- 1With Compound Verbs: It frequently appears in conjunction with compound verbs, particularly those expressing assistance or communication.
हमें एक दूसरे की मदद करनी चाहिए।(Hamein ek dusre ki madad karni chahiye.) – We should help each other (lit. do each other's help).वे एक दूसरे का सहयोग करते हैं।(Ve ek dusre ka sahayog karte hain.) – They cooperate with each other.
Common Mistakes
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) requires careful attention to common pitfalls that Hindi learners frequently encounter. Understanding the reasons behind these errors is more effective than rote memorization.- 1Omitting the Essential Postposition: This is the most prevalent and fundamental error.
एक दूसरेalmost invariably requires a postposition to grammatically connect it to the verb and the rest of the sentence. Its omission renders the phrase isolated and the sentence often nonsensical or incomplete.
- Incorrect:
हम एक दूसरे जानते हैं।(Hum ek dusre jaante hain.) – Literally: We each other know. This lacks the crucial direct object marker. - Correct:
हम एक दूसरे को जानते हैं।(Hum ek dusre ko jaante hain.) – We know each other. - Grammatical Reason: The transitive verb
जानना(to know) requires its direct object to be marked byको. Without it,एक दूसरेcannot properly function as the object of the action.
- 1Confusing with Reflexive Pronouns (
अपना,खुद): A critical distinction lies between reciprocal action (involvingएक दूसरे) and reflexive action (involvingअपनाorखुद).एक दूसरेdenotes a mutual, back-and-forth action between distinct entities. In contrast,अपना(apna) signifies possession related to the subject (one's own), andखुद(khud) orअपने आप(apne aap) indicates that the subject is performing an action upon itself (myself/himself/herself/themselves).
वे एक दूसरे को देख रहे हैं।(Ve ek dusre ko dekh rahe hain.) – They are looking at each other (reciprocal action).वे अपने आप को देख रहे हैं।(Ve apne aap ko dekh rahe hain.) – They are looking at themselves (reflexive action, e.g., in a mirror).वे अपना काम कर रहे हैं।(Ve apna kaam kar rahe hain.) – They are doing their own work (reflexive possessive).- Semantic Impact: Misusing these alters the entire meaning, changing mutual interaction into self-directed action or possession, which can lead to significant misunderstanding.
- 1Attempting to Inflect
दूसरेfor Gender/Number: Learners often mistakenly try to changeदूसरे(dusre) toदूसरा(masculine singular) orदूसरी(feminine singular) to match the gender or number of the individuals involved. This is incorrect.एक दूसरेis a fixed, invariable phrase. Its form remains constant.
- Incorrect:
लड़कियाँ एक दूसरी को हँसाती हैं।(Ladkiyan ek dusri ko hansati hain.) - Correct:
लड़कियाँ एक दूसरे को हँसाती हैं।(Ladkiyan ek dusre ko hansati hain.) – The girls make each other laugh. - Linguistic Principle:
दूसरेhere is not an adjective modifying a noun that would require inflection. It is an integral, unchanging part of the reciprocal pronoun. The verb's conjugation (हँसाती हैं) already conveys the feminine plural nature of the subject (लड़कियाँ), so further inflection of the reciprocal pronoun is unnecessary and ungrammatical.
- 1Incorrect Placement of Postpositions: Postpositions in Hindi consistently attach after the noun or pronoun they govern. With
एक दूसरे, the postposition must followदूसरे. Placing it beforeएकor betweenएकandदूसरेis grammatically erroneous.
- Incorrect:
एक के साथ दूसरे(ek ke saath dusre) orएक के लिए दूसरे(ek ke liye dusre) - Correct:
एक दूसरे के साथ(ek dusre ke saath) – with each other. - Grammatical Rule:
एक दूसरेfunctions as a single conceptual unit. The postposition modifies this entire reciprocal concept by attaching to its final component,दूसरे.
- 1Overlapping with
आपस में(aapas mein): While both convey reciprocity, they carry distinct nuances.आपस मेंtypically translates to "among themselves" or "mutually within a group," often implying a more generalized or diffuse interaction within a collective.एक दूसरे, conversely, emphasizes a direct, explicit "each other" dynamic, focusing on the individual-to-individual reciprocal act.
बच्चे आपस में खेल रहे हैं।(Bachche aapas mein khel rahe hain.) – The children are playing among themselves. (General, collective play within the group, not necessarily directly with each other.)बच्चे एक दूसरे से खेल रहे हैं।(Bachche ek dusre se khel rahe hain.) – The children are playing with each other. (Highlights direct, interactive play between individual children.)- Distinction: While sometimes interchangeable depending on context,
एक दूसरेmore strongly stresses the specific, direct, individual-to-individual nature of the reciprocal action.आपस मेंis more suited for describing actions internal to or characteristic of a group, where the individual targets of reciprocity are less emphasized.
Real Conversations
एक दूसरे (ek dusre) is an indispensable component of everyday Hindi, appearing across a wide spectrum of communication, from informal chats to more structured discussions. Its consistent usage across registers makes it a high-frequency and essential element for B1 learners aiming for authentic interaction.
Casual Conversations and Social Interactions:
In daily dialogue, एक दूसरे is commonly used to describe interactions within families, among friends, or general social dynamics.
- Friends discussing plans: हम सब दोस्त कल एक दूसरे से मिले और बहुत मज़ा आया। (Hum sab dost kal ek dusre se mile aur bahut maza aaya.) – All of us friends met each other yesterday and had a lot of fun.
- Partners talking about relationship: कभी-कभी पति-पत्नी को एक दूसरे की बात ध्यान से सुननी चाहिए। (Kabhi-कभी pati-patni ko ek dusre ki baat dhyaan se sunni chahiye.) – Sometimes a husband and wife should listen carefully to each other's words.
- Family dynamics: भारत में लोग त्योहारों पर एक दूसरे के घर जाते हैं। (Bharat mein log tyoharon par ek dusre ke ghar jaate hain.) – In India, people go to each other's houses during festivals.
Digital Communication (Texting, Social Media):
Its conciseness makes एक दूसरे perfect for fast-paced digital exchanges.
- Instagram caption for friends: ये दोस्त हमेशा एक दूसरे को सपोर्ट करते हैं, यही असली दोस्ती है! (Ye dost hamesha ek dusre ko support karte hain, yahi asli dosti hai!) – These friends always support each other, this is real friendship!
- WhatsApp group chat: आजकल हर कोई एक दूसरे की स्टोरी देख रहा है। (Aajkal har koi ek dusre ki story dekh raha hai.) – Nowadays, everyone is watching each other's stories.
- Online forum/discussion: हमें एक दूसरे के विचारों का सम्मान करना चाहिए, भले ही हम सहमत न हों। (Hamein ek dusre ke vicharon ka samman karna chahiye, bhale hi hum sahmat na hon.) – We should respect each other's opinions, even if we don't agree.
Workplace or Academic Contexts (B1-appropriate Scenarios):
Even in slightly more formal settings, when collaboration or mutual responsibilities are discussed, एक दूसरे is prevalent.
- Project meeting: इस प्रोजेक्ट में, हमें एक दूसरे के काम की नियमित रूप से समीक्षा करनी पड़ेगी। (Is project mein, hamein ek dusre ke kaam ki niyamit roop se samiksha karni padegi.) – In this project, we will have to regularly review each other's work.
- Team discussion: टीम के सदस्य एक दूसरे की मदद कर रहे थे ताकि समय पर लक्ष्य पूरा हो सके। (Team ke sadasya ek dusre ki madad kar rahe the taki samay par lakshya pura ho sake.) – Team members were helping each other so that the goal could be completed on time.
Cultural Insight
एक दूसरे in Hindi reflects a deep-seated cultural emphasis on interpersonal relationships and mutual interdependence. In collectivistic societies like India, the concept of individuals supporting, understanding, and interacting with each other is paramount. Phrases like एक दूसरे का साथ देना (to support each other), एक दूसरे की इज़्ज़त करना (to respect each other), and एक दूसरे को समझना (to understand each other) are not just grammatical constructions but embody core social values. Learners who internalize the usage of एक दूसरे will not only improve their grammar but also gain a more nuanced understanding of Indian social dynamics, allowing for more culturally resonant communication.Quick FAQ
एक दूसरे (ek dusre).- Does
एक दूसरेchange for the gender or number of the interacting parties?
एक दूसरे is invariable in its form. It maintains its structure regardless of whether the individuals involved are masculine, feminine, singular, or plural. The verb's conjugation solely reflects the gender and number of the subject performing the action.- Can
एक दूसरेbe used for more than two people?
एक दूसरे is suitable for both two and multiple parties without any change in its form.सभी छात्र एक दूसरे से बात कर रहे थे।(Sabhi chhatr ek dusre se baat kar rahe the.) – All the students were talking to one another.
- Is
एक दूसरेconsidered formal or informal?
एक दूसरे is neutral in tone. It is appropriate for all registers of Hindi, ranging from highly formal speeches and academic writing to casual conversation among friends and family. Its use with आप (formal 'you'), तुम (informal 'you'), or तू (intimate/very informal 'you') depends entirely on the overall social context and the desired level of politeness.- Can
एक दूसरेbe used for inanimate objects?
एक दूसरे is predominantly used for people or living beings to denote conscious, reciprocal interaction. While less common for inanimate objects, it can be acceptably used, especially when describing physical or spatial relationships where objects are arranged reciprocally.ये दोनों दीवारें एक दूसरे से सटी हुई हैं।(Ye donon divaren ek dusre se sati hui hain.) – These two walls are stuck to each other.अलमारी में किताबें एक दूसरे के ऊपर रखी थीं।(Almari mein kitaben ek dusre ke upar rakhi thin.) – The books were placed on top of each other in the cupboard.
- How do I express the possessive form, "each other's"?
का, के, or की) directly to दूसरे. The specific form of the possessive postposition (का, के, or की) will agree in gender and number with the possessed item, not with the individuals who are possessing it.हमें एक दूसरे की कहानियाँ सुननी चाहिए।(Hamein ek dusre ki kahaniyan sunni chahiye.) – We should listen to each other's stories. (कहानियाँis feminine plural, henceकी.)वे एक दूसरे के घर गए।(Ve ek dusre ke ghar gaye.) – They went to each other's houses. (घरis masculine singular, and in the oblique case,केis used before masculine singular nouns when followed by a postposition or when plural.)
- What is the core difference between
एक दूसरेandआपस में? एक दूसरेimplies a direct, reciprocal action or relationship between individuals, distinctly emphasizing the "A acts on B, and B acts on A" dynamic. It focuses on the specific, bidirectional nature of the interaction.आपस में(aapas mein) translates to "among themselves" or "mutually within a group." It often describes an action that occurs within a group but might not necessarily be explicitly directed from one specific individual to another in a precise two-way fashion. It conveys a more collective or diffuse sense of reciprocity or internal group activity.- Example Comparison:
बच्चे आपस में खेल रहे हैं।(Bachche aapas mein khel rahe hain.) – The children are playing among themselves (general group play, perhaps individual play happening simultaneously in a group context). Vs.बच्चे एक दूसरे से खेल रहे हैं।(Bachche ek dusre se khel rahe hain.) – The children are playing with each other (emphasizes direct, interactive, one-on-one or small-group play). While there can be some overlap,एक दूसरेtends to highlight the bilateral nature of the interaction more strongly.
Reciprocal Pronoun Usage
| Structure | Hindi | Romanization | Meaning |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Direct
|
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं
|
Ve ek-dusre ko jaante hain
|
They know each other
|
|
Indirect
|
वे एक-दूसरे से बात करते हैं
|
Ve ek-dusre se baat karte hain
|
They talk to each other
|
|
Possessive
|
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं
|
Ve ek-dusre ki madad karte hain
|
They help each other
|
|
Negative
|
वे एक-दूसरे को नहीं जानते
|
Ve ek-dusre ko nahi jaante
|
They don't know each other
|
|
Interrogative
|
क्या आप एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं?
|
Kya aap ek-dusre ko jaante hain?
|
Do you know each other?
|
|
Plural Group
|
हम एक-दूसरे के साथ हैं
|
Hum ek-dusre ke saath hain
|
We are with each other
|
Meanings
The phrase 'ek dusre' functions as a reciprocal pronoun meaning 'each other' or 'one another'. It is used to describe actions that are shared or mutual between two or more entities.
Mutual Action
Describing an action performed mutually.
“हम एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं।”
“वे एक-दूसरे को देख रहे थे।”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + ek-dusre + Verb
|
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं
|
|
Negative
|
Subject + ek-dusre + nahi + Verb
|
वे एक-दूसरे को नहीं जानते
|
|
Question
|
Kya + Subject + ek-dusre + Verb?
|
क्या आप एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं?
|
|
Possessive
|
Subject + ek-dusre + ki/ka + Noun
|
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं
|
|
Postposition
|
Subject + ek-dusre + se + Verb
|
वे एक-दूसरे से लड़ते हैं
|
|
Past Tense
|
Subject + ek-dusre + ko + dekha
|
उन्होंने एक-दूसरे को देखा
|
Formality Spectrum
वे एक-दूसरे की सहायता करते हैं। (General)
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं। (General)
वो एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं। (General)
वो एक-दूसरे की हेल्प करते हैं। (General)
Reciprocal Action Map
Actions
- बात करना to talk
- मदद करना to help
Relationships
- जानना to know
- प्यार करना to love
Ek Dusre vs Apas Mein
Examples by Level
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
They know each other.
हम एक-दूसरे से बात करते हैं।
We talk to each other.
वे एक-दूसरे को देखते हैं।
They see each other.
क्या आप एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं?
Do you know each other?
दोस्त एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं।
Friends help each other.
वे एक-दूसरे से प्यार करते हैं।
They love each other.
क्या वे एक-दूसरे से नफरत करते हैं?
Do they hate each other?
हम एक-दूसरे को उपहार देते हैं।
We give gifts to each other.
टीम के सदस्य एक-दूसरे का सम्मान करते हैं।
Team members respect each other.
वे एक-दूसरे की राय का सम्मान करते हैं।
They respect each other's opinions.
हमें एक-दूसरे पर भरोसा करना चाहिए।
We should trust each other.
वे एक-दूसरे के बिना नहीं रह सकते।
They cannot live without each other.
दोनों देशों ने एक-दूसरे के साथ समझौता किया।
Both countries made an agreement with each other.
वे एक-दूसरे के काम में बाधा डाल रहे थे।
They were hindering each other's work.
हमें एक-दूसरे के प्रति दयालु होना चाहिए।
We should be kind to each other.
वे एक-दूसरे से अलग हो गए।
They separated from each other.
साहित्य में पात्र अक्सर एक-दूसरे के पूरक होते हैं।
In literature, characters are often complementary to each other.
वे एक-दूसरे के विचारों को चुनौती देते हैं।
They challenge each other's ideas.
एक-दूसरे के सहयोग से ही यह संभव हुआ।
It was only possible through each other's cooperation.
वे एक-दूसरे के अस्तित्व को नकार नहीं सकते।
They cannot deny each other's existence.
ऐतिहासिक रूप से, ये समुदाय एक-दूसरे के साथ घुल-मिल गए।
Historically, these communities merged with each other.
वे एक-दूसरे के प्रति अगाध श्रद्धा रखते हैं।
They hold immense reverence for each other.
एक-दूसरे के पूरक के रूप में, उन्होंने कार्य किया।
Acting as complements to each other, they worked.
वे एक-दूसरे की छाया की तरह साथ चलते हैं।
They walk together like each other's shadows.
Easily Confused
Learners often use them interchangeably, but 'ek-dusre' is for direct reciprocal action, whereas 'apas mein' is for collective interaction.
Learners forget that the verb dictates the postposition (ko, se, ki).
Learners try to pluralize 'dusre'.
Common Mistakes
वे एक-दूसरे को प्यार
वे एक-दूसरे से प्यार करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे जानते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे का बात करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे से बात करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरों को जानते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करता है
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं
हम एक-दूसरे के साथ प्यार करते हैं
हम एक-दूसरे से प्यार करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे को मदद करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे का राय का सम्मान करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे की राय का सम्मान करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे से भरोसा करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे पर भरोसा करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे के लिए बात करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे से बात करते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे के पूरक हैं
वे एक-दूसरे के पूरक हैं (Correct, but check context)
वे एक-दूसरे के साथ मिल गए
वे एक-दूसरे में मिल गए
वे एक-दूसरे के प्रति नफरत रखते हैं
वे एक-दूसरे से नफरत करते हैं
Sentence Patterns
वे एक-दूसरे ___ जानते हैं।
हम एक-दूसरे ___ मदद करते हैं।
वे एक-दूसरे ___ बात कर रहे हैं।
हमें एक-दूसरे ___ सम्मान करना चाहिए।
Real World Usage
हम एक-दूसरे को मिस कर रहे हैं!
हम एक-दूसरे का सपोर्ट करते हैं।
टीम एक-दूसरे के साथ मिलकर काम करती है।
क्या ये दो होटल एक-दूसरे के पास हैं?
हम एक-दूसरे के लिए खाना ऑर्डर करते हैं।
छात्र एक-दूसरे से सीखते हैं।
Fixed Phrase
Check the Verb
Learn Pairs
Natural Flow
Smart Tips
Always pair 'baat karna' with 'se'.
Always pair 'madad karna' with 'ki'.
Always pair 'bharosa karna' with 'par'.
Always pair 'samman karna' with 'ka'.
Pronunciation
Ek-dusre
Pronounced as 'ek-doo-sray'.
Question
क्या आप एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं? ↗
Rising intonation at the end for questions.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'Ek' (one) and 'Dusre' (other). One-other = Each other!
Visual Association
Imagine two people holding hands in a circle. The arrow goes from person A to B and B to A simultaneously.
Rhyme
Ek dusre, ek dusre, mutual action, like no other.
Story
Two friends, Ram and Sita, are always together. They help each other (ek-dusre ki madad). They talk to each other (ek-dusre se baat). They know each other (ek-dusre ko jante).
Word Web
Challenge
Write 3 sentences about your friends using 'ek-dusre' in 5 minutes.
Cultural Notes
Reciprocity is highly valued in Indian culture, often reflected in family and community language.
In business, 'ek-dusre' is used to emphasize teamwork.
Youth often mix English words like 'help' with 'ek-dusre'.
Derived from 'ek' (one) and 'dusra' (other).
Conversation Starters
क्या आप और आपके दोस्त एक-दूसरे को लंबे समय से जानते हैं?
क्या आपको लगता है कि लोग एक-दूसरे की मदद करते हैं?
टीम में एक-दूसरे का सम्मान करना क्यों ज़रूरी है?
क्या दो देश एक-दूसरे के बिना रह सकते हैं?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
वे एक-दूसरे ___ जानते हैं।
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
वे एक-दूसरों को प्यार करते हैं।
हम / एक-दूसरे / बात / करते / हैं
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
'Ek-dusre' changes based on gender.
A: क्या आप लोग दोस्त हैं? B: हाँ, हम ___ ।
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercisesवे एक-दूसरे ___ जानते हैं।
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
वे एक-दूसरों को प्यार करते हैं।
हम / एक-दूसरे / बात / करते / हैं
Match: Baat karna, Madad karna, Bharosa karna
वे एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
'Ek-dusre' changes based on gender.
A: क्या आप लोग दोस्त हैं? B: हाँ, हम ___ ।
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exerciseshain / jaante / ek dusre / hum / ko
They are waiting for each other.
हम एक दूसरे ___ साथ रहते हैं।
Match the pairs:
Choose the correct translation:
Ve ek dusre par pyaar karte hain.
एक दूसरे ___ भरोसा करो।
humein / chahiye / karni / madad / ek dusre / ki
We don't know each other's names.
Pick the right one:
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
No, it is invariant.
Yes, it works for any number of people.
It depends on the verb used.
It is neutral and used everywhere.
No, never.
'Ek-dusre' is reciprocal; 'apas mein' is collective.
Yes, to show teamwork.
Your sentence might be grammatically incorrect.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
el uno al otro
Hindi 'ek-dusre' is invariant.
l'un l'autre
Hindi is invariant.
einander
Hindi uses a two-word phrase.
otagai
Hindi uses it as a pronoun.
ba'd al-ba'd
Hindi is simpler in structure.
huxiang
Hindi places it as a pronoun object.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
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