Past Tense: Fazer (To Do/Make)
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
The verb 'fazer' is highly irregular in the past tense; memorize the stem 'fiz-' and the specific endings.
- The stem changes from 'faz-' to 'fiz-' for all persons.
- The third-person singular (ele/ela) uses the ending '-ez' (fez).
- The first-person singular (eu) uses the ending '-iz' (fiz).
Overview
To effectively narrate past events in Portuguese, mastering the irregular verb fazer is essential. Meaning both "to do" and "to make", fazer is a cornerstone of daily communication, allowing you to describe completed actions, achievements, or even past weather conditions. Its irregular nature means it does not follow the standard conjugation patterns, demanding focused attention.
In the Preterite Tense (Pretérito Perfeito Simples), fazer describes actions that were completed and finite at a specific point in the past. These actions have a clear beginning and end, and their outcome is definitive. Understanding this perfective aspect is key to its correct usage.
For instance, Eu fiz um bolo means "I made a cake," implying the cake is finished, a past event with a clear resolution. This contrasts sharply with ongoing or habitual past actions.
Fazer is exceptionally versatile, covering a semantic range broader than its English equivalents. It’s not just about "doing homework" or "making dinner"; it extends to expressions of time (fez um ano), weather (fez sol), and even causing something (fez-me rir). Due to its high frequency and broad utility, accurately conjugating and applying fazer in the Preterite marks a significant step toward B1 fluency.
Conjugation Table
| Pronoun (Portuguese) | Conjugation | English Translation | Notes | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| :------------------- | :---------- | :-------------------- | :----------------------------------------- | ||
| Eu | fiz | I did/made | |||
| Tu (PT-PT, informal BR-PT) | fizeste | You (sing. informal) did/made | Common in Portugal, less so in Brazil. | ||
| Você | fez | You (sing. formal/BR) did/made | Standard in Brazil, formal in Portugal. | ||
| Ele/Ela | fez | He/She did/made | |||
| Nós | fizemos | We did/made | |||
| Vocês | fizeram | You (pl.) did/made | Standard for plural "you" in both regions. | ||
| Eles/Elas | fizeram | They did/made |
How This Grammar Works
fazer functions as a perfective verb, signaling that an action initiated and concluded within a defined past timeframe. This concept is vital: the action is perceived as a single, indivisible event, completed and sealed in the past. This contrasts with the Imperfect, which focuses on ongoing, habitual, or descriptive actions without a clear end.Fazer is classified as a strong verb in Portuguese when conjugated in the Preterite, a characteristic shared with other fundamental verbs like ter (to have), vir (to come), and estar (to be). Strong verbs exhibit significant stem changes in their Preterite forms, often tracing back to distinct Latin roots or phonetic shifts rather than merely attaching standard endings to the present-tense stem. This means you cannot predict its form by simply adding -i, -este, etc., to faz-; you must learn its unique stem transformations.facere (to make/do) evolved irregularly. The fec- stem (as in Spanish hizo or French fit) is evident in Portuguese fez, while feci gives rise to fiz. This historical journey explains why fazer "changes its clothes" so dramatically in the past.Eu fiz o trabalho, you're communicating a finished task, a done deal, not an ongoing process. This perfective aspect is a crucial grammatical principle underlying many past tenses in Romance languages.Formation Pattern
fazer in the Preterite is a textbook example of an irregular, or strong, verb. Instead of predictably attaching regular preterite endings to the verb's stem, fazer undergoes a significant stem change. Understanding this pattern, rather than memorizing individual forms in isolation, provides a more robust grasp of its conjugation.
faz- transforms into fiz-. This i vowel is characteristic of many strong preterites in Portuguese, particularly in the first-person singular (Eu).
Eu fiz (I did/made)
Tu fizeste (You did/made)
Nós fizemos (We did/made)
Vocês/Eles/Elas fizeram (You/They did/made)
Você/Ele/Ela), where the stem becomes fez. This form retains the 'e' vowel from the original fazer in a highly reduced and irregular manner. This particular form is historically derived and should be learned as a distinct element of the pattern.
Ele fez (He did/made)
fiz- or fez), specific Preterite endings are appended. These endings are also somewhat irregular and do not perfectly align with those of regular -ER or -IR verbs.
fiz | | Eu fiz |
fiz- | -este | Tu fizeste |
fez | | Ele/Ela/Você fez |
fiz- | -emos | Nós fizemos |
fiz- | -eram | Vocês/Eles/Elas fizeram |
fazer in the Preterite, unlike some regular verbs or other irregular preterites. This is a common point of confusion for learners who may expect an accent on the i or e to indicate stress. The stress naturally falls on the final syllable of fizeste, fizemos, and fizeram, and on the single syllable of fiz and fez.
When To Use It
fazer is employed to communicate completed actions or states that occurred at a specific, bounded point or period in the past. Its usage is precise, focusing on the finality of the event.- Single, Completed Actions: Use
fazerin the Preterite for actions that began and ended definitively in the past. Eu fiz a prova ontem.(I took the test yesterday. – The action of taking the test is finished.)Ele fez uma pergunta importante.(He asked an important question. – The act of asking is complete.)
- Sequence of Events: It describes a series of distinct actions that occurred one after another in the past.
Acordei, fiz café e saí para o trabalho.(I woke up, made coffee, and left for work. – A clear chronological progression of finished actions.)Ela estudou, fez o trabalho e depois descansou.(She studied, did the work, and then rested.)
- Actions with a Specific Duration in the Past: When an action lasted for a defined period that is now over.
Nós fizemos um curso intensivo por três meses.(We did an intensive course for three months. – The course is finished.)Ele fez natação por dez anos, mas parou no ano passado.(He swam for ten years, but stopped last year.)
- Expressions of Weather:
Fazeris commonly used to describe past weather conditions, indicating a specific weather event that occurred. Ontem fez muito sol na praia.(Yesterday was very sunny at the beach. – A specific weather condition that happened.)No inverno passado, fez um frio terrível.(Last winter, it was terribly cold.)
- Expressions of Time Elapsed: When referring to a duration of time that has passed since an event.
Fez dois anos que ela se mudou.(It's been two years since she moved. – Literally, "It made two years...")Fez uma semana que nos vimos pela última vez.(It's been a week since we last saw each other.)
- Achievement or Completion: To indicate the successful (or unsuccessful) accomplishment of a task or goal.
Finalmente fiz a minha primeira venda.(I finally made my first sale. – An accomplished goal.)Ele não fez o que prometeu.(He didn't do what he promised.)
Common Mistakes
fazer in the Preterite. Awareness of these common errors can significantly improve accuracy and fluency.- Regularization of the Verb: The most prevalent mistake is attempting to conjugate
fazeras if it were a regular-erverb. This leads to non-existent forms likefaziorfazeu. The strong verb nature offazermeans its stem transformation is irregular and must be learned. Always remember thefiz-stem and thefezexception.Eu fiz, not*Eu fazi.
- Mispronunciation of
fizeram: A common phonetic error is pronouncing the final-amoffizeram(they did/made) as the nasal diphthong~ão, typical of nouns ending in-ãoor verbs in the future tense (e.g.,farão). In the Preterite, the final-amrepresents a nasalizedasound followed by a brief, unstressedusound, often transcribed phonetically as /ãw̃/. It is distinctly different from the open~ãosound. Focus on a softer, slightly muted nasal ending, rather than a strong diphthong. Listen carefully to native speakers to internalize the correct pronunciation.
- Spelling
sinstead ofz: Althoughfizandfismight sound identical in some accents, the correct spelling is alwaysfiz(with az). This is a simple orthographic rule that, if ignored, can make your written Portuguese appear less polished.Eu fiz um desenho, not*Eu fis um desenho.
- Confusion with the Imperfect Tense: Incorrectly using the Preterite
fizwhen the Imperfectfaziais required is a fundamental error. The Preterite denotes completion, while the Imperfect denotes ongoing, habitual, or descriptive actions. UsingEu fiz natação quando era criança(I swam when I was a child, implying a one-time completed event) instead ofEu fazia natação quando era criança(I used to swim when I was a child, implying a habit) changes the meaning significantly.
- Incorrect
Tuusage in Brazil: WhileTu fizesteis grammatically correct, in many parts of Brazil, especially in informal contexts, people often useTu fez(conjugatingtuwith thevocê/ele/elaform). While understandable, this is considered colloquial and grammatically non-standard. For formal or written Brazilian Portuguese, and for standard usage everywhere, adhere toTu fizesteor simply useVocê fez.
Contrast With Similar Patterns
fazer in the Preterite is deepened by contrasting it with other past tense forms and semantically similar verbs. This highlights the precise function of the Preterite.Fiz (Preterite) vs. Fazia (Imperfect): The Aspectual Dividefiz) focuses on the completion of an action, while the Imperfect (fazia) emphasizes its duration, repetition, or description in the past.Fiz(Snapshot 📸): A single, completed action, a specific event in time.Ontem eu fiz um bolo para a festa.(Yesterday I made a cake for the party. – The cake is finished, the action is done.)O que você fez no fim de semana?(What did you do on the weekend? – Asking about completed activities.)
Fazia(Video 📹): An action that was ongoing, habitual, or serving as background description. No specific end point is implied.Quando eu era criança, eu fazia bolos com a minha avó.(When I was a child, I used to make cakes with my grandmother. – A repeated habit.)Ela fazia a lição de casa enquanto ouvia música.(She was doing her homework while listening to music. – An ongoing action in the past.)
Fez (Preterite) vs. Esteve (Preterite of estar) for WeatherFazer is used for general atmospheric conditions, while estar often refers to a temporary state or a feeling associated with the weather.Fazer(General Weather Condition):Ontem fez muito calor.(Yesterday it was very hot. – A general weather condition.)No Natal, fez um dia lindo.(On Christmas, it was a beautiful day.)
Estar(Temporary State/Feeling):Ontem a praia estava quente e agradável.(Yesterday the beach was hot and pleasant. – Describing the state of the beach, influenced by the weather.)Eu estava com calor.(I was feeling hot. – Describing a personal sensation.)
Fazer (Preterite) vs. Ir (Preterite) for "Going" vs. "Doing/Making a Trip"ir (to go) explicitly states movement, fazer can be used idiomatically to describe taking a trip or journey.Ir(To go to a place):Eu fui a Paris no ano passado.(I went to Paris last year.)
Fazer(To make/take a trip):Eu fiz uma viagem inesquecível a Paris.(I took an unforgettable trip to Paris.)Nós fizemos um cruzeiro pelo Mediterrâneo.(We did/took a cruise in the Mediterranean.)
Real Conversations
Observing fazer in real-world contexts, from casual chats to more formal exchanges, reveals its versatility and common idiomatic uses. Pay attention to how natives utilize it to recount past experiences.
- Casual Conversation (Brazilian Portuguese):
- "E aí, o que você fez no feriado?" (So, what did you do on the holiday?)
- "Ah, fiz uma maratona de séries e depois fiz um churrasco com a família." (Oh, I binge-watched series and then had a barbecue with family.)
- (Using a gente): "Ontem à noite, a gente fez pizza em casa." (Last night, we made pizza at home.)
- Texting/Social Media (Both BR-PT and PT-PT):
- "Fiz um almoço delicioso hoje! 😋" (I made a delicious lunch today!)
- "Miga, tu fizeste a inscrição pro evento?" (Girl, did you do the registration for the event? – PT-PT/informal BR-PT)
- "Melhor viagem que já fiz! #tbt" (Best trip I've ever taken! #throwbackthursday)
- Formal/Work Context:
- "Eu fiz o relatório final conforme solicitado." (I completed the final report as requested.)
- "A equipe fez um excelente trabalho no projeto." (The team did an excellent job on the project.)
- (In Portugal, when addressing a superior): "O senhor fez os ajustes necessários?" (Sir, did you make the necessary adjustments?)
- Asking about Causation/Effect:
- "Aquela notícia fez-me pensar." (That news made me think. – PT-PT, fez-me is common for "made me")
- "O filme fez a gente chorar." (The movie made us cry. – BR-PT, fez a gente for "made us")
Cultural Insight
a gente in Brazilian Portuguese to mean "we" but conjugated in the third-person singular (e.g., a gente fez instead of nós fizemos) is a significant feature of informal speech. While grammatically nós fizemos is correct, a gente fez is far more prevalent in daily, casual communication in Brazil. In Portugal, nós fizemos is standard across most contexts, and a gente is less common or carries a slightly different, more specific meaning (e.g., "the people").Progressive Practice
Mastering fazer in the Preterite requires consistent and varied practice. Move beyond simple conjugation drills to contextual application to solidify your understanding.
- Conjugation Drills: Start by confidently conjugating fazer for all pronouns in the Preterite. Write out the forms repeatedly, or use flashcards. Focus particularly on the fiz and fez forms, which are the most irregular.
- Self-check: Can you immediately produce Eu fiz, Você fez, Nós fizemos?
- Sentence Completion: Fill in the blanks with the correct Preterite form of fazer.
- Ontem, eu ____ (fazer) as compras para o jantar.
- Eles ____ (fazer) uma viagem incrível no verão passado.
- Minha irmã ____ (fazer) um bolo delicioso para o meu aniversário.
- Transformation Exercises: Take sentences in the present tense using fazer and rewrite them in the Preterite. This helps internalize the form changes.
- Present: Eu faço a minha cama todos os dias.
- Preterite: Ontem, eu fiz a minha cama.
- Narrative Building: Write a short paragraph describing a completed past event, such as your last weekend, a recent vacation, or a typical day last year. Intentionally incorporate fazer in the Preterite multiple times, alongside other past tenses.
- Example: No sábado, eu fiz um churrasco com amigos. Depois, fizemos uma caminhada no parque. À noite, fiz pipoca e assisti a um filme.
- Contrast Practice (Preterite vs. Imperfect): Create pairs of sentences where the choice between fiz and fazia significantly alters the meaning. This is crucial for B1 learners.
- Quando criança, eu fazia muito esporte. (Habitual)
- Ontem, eu fiz muito esporte. (Completed action)
- Speaking Practice: Engage in conversations about past events. Ask and answer questions like O que você fez ontem?, O que você fez no seu aniversário?, Quando foi a última vez que você fez algo novo?. Pay attention to your own production and seek feedback.
- Listening and Reading: Actively identify instances of fazer in the Preterite in Portuguese podcasts, news articles, song lyrics, or book excerpts. Note the context and how it contributes to the meaning of completion.
Quick FAQ
fazer in the Preterite, providing further clarity on its usage and common nuances.fazer in the Preterite also mean 'to cause' or 'to bring about'?Yes, absolutely. Fazer is often used to express causation in the past. This is particularly common in European Portuguese with object pronouns.
A notícia fez-me chorar.(The news made me cry. – PT-PT)Aquela situação fez a gente pensar.(That situation made us think. – BR-PT)
fez (Preterite) differ from faz (Present) when talking about weather?Fez refers to a completed weather condition in the past, while faz refers to the current or general weather condition.
Hoje faz sol.(Today it's sunny. – Present)Ontem fez sol.(Yesterday it was sunny. – Preterite)
fizera a correct form? When is it used?Fizera is a form of the Mais-que-Perfeito Simples (Pluperfect Simple). While grammatically correct, it is largely literary or archaic in spoken Brazilian Portuguese and is predominantly replaced by the Mais-que-Perfeito Composto (Compound Pluperfect) with ter (tinha feito). In Portugal, fizera is still occasionally used, primarily in formal writing or journalism, to indicate an action completed before another past action.
Ele já fizera o trabalho quando cheguei.(He had already done the work when I arrived. – More common:Ele já tinha feito o trabalho...)
ter feito (to have done/made)? How does it compare to fiz?Ter feito uses the auxiliary verb ter in the present tense followed by the past participle feito. It describes a completed action with relevance to the present, or a repeated action in the recent past.
Eu fiz o trabalho ontem.(I did the work yesterday. – Preterite, specific completed action.)Eu tenho feito muito trabalho ultimamente.(I have been doing a lot of work lately. – Repeated action with current relevance.)Eu já fiz isso.(I have already done that. – Completed action with present relevance.)
fiz is a single, clear past event, ter feito connects the past action more directly to the present timeframe or describes a general experience over time. For B1, focusing on fiz for clear past events is primary, but recognizing ter feito for its present relevance is helpful.fazer in the Preterite?Yes, fazer is part of many idiomatic expressions. For example, fazer as pazes (to make up/reconcile).
Eles brigaram, mas fizeram as pazes rapidamente.(They fought, but made up quickly.)
fazer as part of a fixed phrase, and its Preterite conjugation follows the standard irregular pattern.Conjugation of Fazer (Pretérito Perfeito)
| Pronoun | Conjugation |
|---|---|
|
Eu
|
fiz
|
|
Tu
|
fizeste
|
|
Você/Ele/Ela
|
fez
|
|
Nós
|
fizemos
|
|
Vós
|
fizestes
|
|
Vocês/Eles/Elas
|
fizeram
|
Meanings
The verb 'fazer' in the past tense describes completed actions of making, doing, or creating.
Action/Task
To perform a task or activity.
“Eu fiz o dever de casa.”
“Nós fizemos o trabalho juntos.”
Creation
To create or build something.
“Ela fez uma escultura linda.”
“Eles fizeram um plano de viagem.”
Time/Weather
Used to describe weather or elapsed time in the past.
“Fez muito frio ontem.”
“Fez dois anos que nos vimos.”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subject + Verb
|
Eu fiz o trabalho.
|
|
Negative
|
Não + Subject + Verb
|
Eu não fiz o trabalho.
|
|
Question
|
Verb + Subject?
|
Você fez o trabalho?
|
|
Short Answer
|
Sim/Não + Verb
|
Sim, eu fiz.
|
|
Weather
|
Fez + Adjective
|
Fez sol.
|
|
Time
|
Fez + Time
|
Fez um mês.
|
Formality Spectrum
Eu realizei a tarefa. (Work)
Eu fiz o trabalho. (Work)
Eu fiz o trampo. (Work)
Eu mandei ver no trampo. (Work)
Uses of Fazer
Tasks
- Fazer o dever Do homework
Creation
- Fazer um bolo Make a cake
Weather
- Fez sol It was sunny
Time
- Fez um ano It's been a year
Examples by Level
Eu fiz o jantar.
I made dinner.
Você fez isso?
Did you do this?
Nós fizemos um bolo.
We made a cake.
Eles fizeram a lição.
They did the homework.
O que você fez ontem?
What did you do yesterday?
Fez muito frio na viagem.
It was very cold on the trip.
Eu não fiz nada hoje.
I didn't do anything today.
Vocês fizeram as malas?
Did you pack the bags?
Fez dois anos que nos mudamos.
It has been two years since we moved.
Ela fez um esforço enorme.
She made a huge effort.
Nós fizemos um acordo com eles.
We made an agreement with them.
Eles fizeram tudo o que podiam.
They did everything they could.
O projeto que ele fez foi um sucesso.
The project he did was a success.
Fez-se silêncio na sala.
Silence fell in the room.
Eles fizeram questão de vir.
They insisted on coming.
Eu fiz o que estava ao meu alcance.
I did what was within my reach.
Fez-se justiça após tantos anos.
Justice was served after so many years.
Ele fez valer a sua opinião.
He made his opinion count.
Nós fizemos jus à nossa reputação.
We lived up to our reputation.
O que eles fizeram foi um marco histórico.
What they did was a historical milestone.
Fez-se notar pela sua eloquência.
He made himself noticed by his eloquence.
Nada do que ele fez foi em vão.
Nothing he did was in vain.
Fizeram-se ouvir as vozes da mudança.
The voices of change made themselves heard.
Ele fez por onde merecer o prêmio.
He worked hard to deserve the prize.
Easily Confused
Both can relate to time.
Both are past.
Singular vs Plural.
Common Mistakes
Eu fazi
Eu fiz
Ele fazou
Ele fez
Nós fazemos no passado
Nós fizemos
Eles faziam
Eles fizeram
Eu fiz o bolo ontem
Eu fiz um bolo ontem
Fezes tu?
Fizeste tu?
Eles fazaram
Eles fizeram
Fez dois anos que eu fiz
Fez dois anos que fiz
Ele fez de fazer
Ele fez
Nós fazemos ontem
Nós fizemos ontem
Fez-se a luz
Fez-se luz
Ele fez o que ele podia
Ele fez o que podia
Fizeram-se muitos erros
Cometeram-se muitos erros
Sentence Patterns
Eu fiz ___ ontem.
Você fez ___?
Fez ___ desde que chegamos.
Ele fez questão de ___.
Real World Usage
Fez o que hoje?
Eu fiz um curso de gestão.
Eu fiz o pedido agora.
Fizemos a reserva ontem.
Fiz um post novo!
O aluno fez a prova.
Stem focus
Don't regularize
Third person
Weather
Smart Tips
Think of the stem 'fiz-' first.
Always use 'fez' for past weather.
Always end with '-eram'.
Keep the verb form the same as the statement.
Pronunciation
Fiz vs Fez
Fiz (ee sound), Fez (eh sound).
Question
Você fez? ↑
Rising pitch at the end.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Remember: 'Fiz' is for me (I did), 'Fez' is for he/she (he did).
Visual Association
Imagine a wizard (he) making a potion (fez) and you (I) doing your homework (fiz) at the same time.
Rhyme
Eu fiz, você fez, o passado é de uma vez.
Story
Yesterday, I (eu) did (fiz) my laundry. My brother (ele) did (fez) the dishes. Together, we (nós) did (fizemos) a great job.
Word Web
Challenge
Write 5 sentences about what you did yesterday using 'fiz' and 'fez'.
Cultural Notes
Very common in daily speech. 'Fazer' is often used instead of 'realizar'.
More formal usage of 'tu' (fizeste).
Similar to Brazil, often used in informal contexts.
From Latin 'facere'.
Conversation Starters
O que você fez no fim de semana?
Você já fez algum curso de idiomas?
O que você fez para resolver aquele problema?
Se você pudesse ter feito algo diferente, o que faria?
Journal Prompts
Common Mistakes
Test Yourself
Eu ___ o jantar ontem.
Eles ___ a lição.
Find and fix the mistake:
Ele fazou o trabalho.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
She made a cake.
Answer starts with: Ela...
Fazer (Past)
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Fazer / tempo / ontem
Score: /8
Practice Exercises
8 exercisesEu ___ o jantar ontem.
Eles ___ a lição.
Find and fix the mistake:
Ele fazou o trabalho.
ontem / o / eu / fiz / jantar
She made a cake.
Fazer (Past)
Eu / Eles
Fazer / tempo / ontem
Score: /8
Practice Bank
10 exercisesNós ___ uma promessa.
O que ele ___?
barulho / Eles / muito / fizeram / ontem
Translate: 'I made coffee.'
Ontem a gente fizemos um passeio.
Match correctly:
Ontem ___ muito frio.
Vocês ___ o teste?
She did everything.
Eles fizerão o trabalho.
Score: /10
FAQ (8)
Yes, it is standard in both European and Brazilian Portuguese.
Only if the action was habitual or ongoing in the past.
It is an irregular historical form.
Just add 'não' before the verb.
Yes, for 'eles', 'elas', and 'vocês'.
Yes, always in the third person singular.
Singular vs plural.
The conjugation is the same, but the vocabulary around it changes.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
hice
The stem consonant is different.
fis
French uses it in literary contexts.
tat
Completely different root.
shita
Agglutinative vs inflectional.
fa'ala
Arabic is root-based.
zuò le
No conjugation.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
The Verb 'Fazer': To Do and To Make
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Portuguese Past Tense: Regular -ar Verbs (Pretérito Perfeito)
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