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B1 adverb 11 min read

प्रतिवर्ष

prativarsh
Practice it Examples Notes & Tips प्रतिवर्ष in 30 Seconds
Explanation प्रतिवर्ष in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn about time and frequency. While 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) might be a bit advanced for a absolute beginner, it is helpful to recognize it as a formal version of 'every year'. You already know 'हर' (har) means 'every' and 'साल' (saal) means 'year'. 'प्रतिवर्ष' is simply the Sanskrit way of saying the same thing. Think of it as 'Per Year'. In A1, you focus on simple sentences like 'I go to India every year'. In Hindi, that's 'मैं हर साल भारत जाता हूँ'. If you saw 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a book, it would mean the same thing. You don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but recognizing the 'प्रति' (prati) part as 'every' will help you understand many other words later on. It is a building block for formal Hindi. Focus on the fact that it doesn't change—it's always 'प्रतिवर्ष', no matter who is talking or what they are talking about. This makes it a very 'safe' word to learn because you don't have to worry about complex grammar rules or endings.
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As an A2 learner, you are expanding your vocabulary to include more formal and specific terms. You are likely moving beyond just 'every day' and 'every month' to 'annually'. 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) is a great word to add to your repertoire for writing. When you write a short essay about your family traditions or festivals, using 'प्रतिवर्ष' makes your writing sound more 'official' and polished. For example, instead of saying 'हम हर साल दिवाली मनाते हैं' (We celebrate Diwali every year), you could say 'हम प्रतिवर्ष दिवाली मनाते हैं'. It shows you are paying attention to the different 'levels' of Hindi. At this level, you should start noticing 'प्रतिवर्ष' in news headlines or on posters for annual events like school 'Annual Days' (Varshik Utsav). You should also learn that 'प्रति' is a prefix that appears in many words you are starting to see, like 'प्रतिदिन' (every day). Understanding 'प्रतिवर्ष' helps you unlock the logic of the Hindi language's formal structure.
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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand and use 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) comfortably in formal contexts. This is the level where you distinguish between 'casual' and 'formal' Hindi. You should use 'प्रतिवर्ष' when discussing professional topics, academic schedules, or national events. You should also be aware of its grammatical role as an adverb. At B1, you are likely reading longer texts, such as news articles or short stories, where 'प्रतिवर्ष' is used to describe recurring phenomena like monsoon patterns, economic growth, or annual holidays. You should also be able to distinguish it from the adjective 'वार्षिक' (Varshik). For instance, you should know that 'प्रतिवर्ष' describes an action (We meet annually), while 'वार्षिक' describes a noun (The annual meeting). This is a key milestone in your journey toward fluency, as it allows you to participate in more sophisticated conversations and understand the 'High Hindi' used in media and government.
For a B2 learner, 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) should be a natural part of your formal vocabulary. You should be able to use it in complex sentences and understand its nuance compared to 'सालाना' (Saalana) and 'हर साल' (Har Saal). At this level, you are likely engaging with more abstract topics like environmental changes, economic policies, or sociological trends. 'प्रतिवर्ष' is essential for these discussions. You should be able to use it to describe rates of change, such as 'प्रतिवर्ष पाँच प्रतिशत की दर से' (at a rate of five percent per year). You should also be comfortable using it in the passive voice, which is common in formal Hindi reporting. For example, 'प्रतिवर्ष यह पुरस्कार घोषित किया जाता है' (Every year, this award is announced). Your goal at B2 is to sound like an educated speaker, and using 'प्रतिवर्ष' in the right context is a clear indicator of that. You should also be able to identify it in classical or modern literature, where it might be used to evoke a sense of timelessness or ritual.
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the stylistic implications of choosing 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) over its synonyms. you recognize it as a 'Tatsama' word that carries the weight of Sanskrit tradition. You can use it in academic writing, legal contexts, or high-level business negotiations without hesitation. You understand how it fits into the broader structure of 'Sarkari Hindi' and 'Shuddh Hindi'. At this level, you might explore the etymology further, seeing how 'प्रति' functions in philosophical or technical texts. You can use 'प्रतिवर्ष' to build rhetorical structure in a speech, using the repetition of the word to emphasize the regularity and importance of an event. You are also sensitive to the 'over-formality' trap; you know exactly when 'प्रतिवर्ष' would sound too stiff and when it is the only appropriate choice. You can effectively translate complex English concepts involving 'annualized' or 'per annum' into natural-sounding Hindi using 'प्रतिवर्ष' or its derivatives.
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As a C2 learner, your mastery of 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Prativarsh) is equivalent to that of a highly educated native speaker. You understand its historical journey from Sanskrit into modern Hindi and can appreciate its use in various literary eras. You can use the word to create specific tones in your writing—from the dry, objective tone of a scientific report to the grand, traditional tone of a commemorative speech. You are aware of the subtle regional preferences in India regarding Sanskrit-derived vs. Persian-derived vocabulary and can adapt your speech accordingly. You can also play with the word in creative writing, perhaps using its formality to create irony or to characterize a person as particularly stiff or official. Your understanding is not just about the meaning of the word, but about its cultural and social resonance within the Hindi-speaking world. You can debate the nuances between 'प्रतिवर्ष', 'सालाना', and 'अनुवर्ष' (a very rare, even more formal variant) with ease.
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Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

प्रतिवर्ष in 30 Seconds

  • Prativarsh is a formal Hindi adverb meaning 'annually' or 'every year'.
  • It is derived from Sanskrit and is used in professional, academic, and official contexts.
  • It is a synonym for 'har saal' but carries a much higher level of formality.
  • It is indeclinable, meaning it does not change its form based on gender or number.

The word प्रतिवर्ष (Prativarsh) is a sophisticated Hindi adverb that translates directly to 'annually' or 'every year' in English. It is a 'Tatsama' word, meaning it has been borrowed directly from Sanskrit into Hindi without any phonetic changes. This origin gives the word a formal, dignified, and official tone. While you might use 'हर साल' (Har Saal) when chatting with a friend about your summer vacations, you would encounter 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a news broadcast, a government report, or a formal invitation to a recurring ceremony. The word is composed of two parts: 'प्रति' (Prati), a prefix meaning 'each', 'every', or 'per', and 'वर्ष' (Varsh), the formal word for 'year'. Understanding this word is crucial for learners moving into the B1 level and beyond, as it marks the transition from basic communicative Hindi to academic and professional Hindi.

Formal Usage
Used in financial reports, academic calendars, and official state communications. Example: 'भारत में प्रतिवर्ष गणतंत्र दिवस मनाया जाता है' (Republic Day is celebrated in India annually).
Literary Context
Found in literature to describe the cyclical nature of seasons or long-standing traditions. It adds a poetic weight that 'हर साल' lacks.

In the context of modern India, 'प्रतिवर्ष' is the standard term used in the corporate world for 'annual' events. If a company holds an 'Annual General Meeting', the notice will almost certainly use this word. It implies a sense of regularity and institutionalized tradition. For a learner, using 'प्रतिवर्ष' instead of 'हर साल' in a formal essay or a job interview instantly elevates your perceived proficiency level. It signals that you are comfortable with the higher-register, Sanskrit-derived vocabulary that characterizes educated speech in Hindi-speaking regions. However, it is important not to overuse it in very casual settings, as it might sound overly stiff or robotic, much like saying 'I partake in a meal annually' instead of 'I eat this every year' in English.

यह उत्सव प्रतिवर्ष मार्च के महीने में आयोजित किया जाता है। (This festival is organized annually in the month of March.)

Furthermore, 'प्रतिवर्ष' is often used to describe statistical trends. If you are reading a report on the economy or population growth, you will see phrases like 'प्रतिवर्ष वृद्धि' (annual growth). It is a versatile word because it can function as a standalone adverb or as part of a compound phrase. Unlike the English 'annual', which is primarily an adjective (e.g., 'annual report'), 'प्रतिवर्ष' functions as an adverbial phrase (every year). If you need the adjectival form in Hindi, you would use 'वार्षिक' (Varshik). This distinction is vital for grammatical accuracy. For instance, you say 'यह पत्रिका प्रतिवर्ष प्रकाशित होती है' (This magazine is published annually) but you would call it a 'वार्षिक पत्रिका' (Annual magazine).

विश्वविद्यालय प्रतिवर्ष नए छात्रों का स्वागत करता है। (The university welcomes new students every year.)

Using प्रतिवर्ष correctly requires an understanding of its position within a Hindi sentence. In Hindi, adverbs of frequency like 'प्रतिवर्ष' usually appear before the verb or at the very beginning of the sentence for emphasis. Because it is a formal word, the sentences it inhabits are often structured in the passive voice or a formal active voice. For example, 'प्रतिवर्ष बजट पेश किया जाता है' (Every year, the budget is presented). Here, starting with 'प्रतिवर्ष' sets a temporal frame for the entire statement. It creates a rhythm of regularity. If you place it later in the sentence, such as 'सरकार प्रतिवर्ष बजट पेश करती है' (The government presents the budget annually), the focus shifts slightly toward the actor (the government), but the meaning remains identical.

Sentence Structure 1: Emphasis on Frequency
[Frequency] + [Subject] + [Object] + [Verb]. Example: 'प्रतिवर्ष हज़ारों पर्यटक यहाँ आते हैं।' (Every year thousands of tourists come here.)
Sentence Structure 2: Standard Subject-Focus
[Subject] + [Frequency] + [Object] + [Verb]. Example: 'हम प्रतिवर्ष दिवाली मनाते हैं।' (We celebrate Diwali every year.)

One of the nuances of using 'प्रतिवर्ष' is its compatibility with other formal markers. Because it is a Sanskrit-derived word, it pairs naturally with other Sanskrit-derived terms. For instance, pairing 'प्रतिवर्ष' with 'आयोजन' (organization/event) sounds more natural than pairing it with the more casual 'काम' (work). It is also commonly used in the context of 'वृद्धि' (increase) or 'कमी' (decrease) to describe annual fluctuations in data. If you are describing a personal habit, 'प्रतिवर्ष' might sound too grand. For instance, 'मैं प्रतिवर्ष सेब खाता हूँ' (I eat an apple every year) sounds strange because it's a mundane action described with a majestic word. Use it for significant, recurring milestones.

कंपनी का टर्नओवर प्रतिवर्ष दस प्रतिशत बढ़ रहा है। (The company's turnover is increasing by ten percent annually.)

Another important aspect is the distinction between 'प्रतिवर्ष' and 'सालाना' (Saalana). While both mean annual, 'सालाना' is often used in administrative and revenue-related contexts (like 'saalana aamdani' - annual income), whereas 'प्रतिवर्ष' is broader and more literary. In a sentence like 'The earth revolves around the sun every year', 'प्रतिवर्ष' would be the preferred choice in a science textbook because it sounds more objective and precise. When writing, try to use 'प्रतिवर्ष' at the start of a paragraph to establish a recurring theme. It acts as a powerful anchor for the reader, signaling that the events described are part of a larger, predictable cycle.

प्रतिवर्ष वर्षा ऋतु में नदियाँ उफान पर होती हैं। (Every year during the rainy season, the rivers are in spate.)

In the auditory landscape of Hindi, प्रतिवर्ष is a staple of formal broadcasting. If you tune into 'All India Radio' (Akashvani) or watch news channels like 'DD News', you will hear this word frequently during economic segments or reports on national festivals. It is the language of the 'State'. When a news anchor announces the dates for the Kumbh Mela or the annual budget, 'प्रतिवर्ष' provides the necessary gravitas. It is also very common in educational settings. Teachers in schools and professors in universities use this word when discussing academic cycles, examination schedules, or historical events that recur. It is a word of the classroom and the lecture hall.

In Cinema and Media
While rare in 'Masala' Bollywood films, it appears in historical dramas or films focused on social issues where a character might be delivering a formal speech or reading a document. It signifies education and authority.
In Religious Discourses
Preachers (Pravachankars) often use 'प्रतिवर्ष' when discussing the significance of annual pilgrimages (Yatras) or festivals like Diwali and Holi in the context of eternal cycles (Samsara).

You will also encounter 'प्रतिवर्ष' in the legal and bureaucratic world. If you are dealing with property taxes, visa renewals, or any form of government registration in India, the forms and the officials will use this term. It is part of the 'Sarkari Hindi' (Government Hindi) lexicon. For a non-native speaker, hearing this word is a clue that the conversation has moved from casual pleasantries to a serious or official matter. It is also used in the context of environmental reporting. For example, 'प्रतिवर्ष हिमालय की बर्फ पिघल रही है' (Every year, the Himalayan ice is melting). In this context, it emphasizes the alarming regularity of a phenomenon.

प्रधानमंत्री प्रतिवर्ष लाल किले से भाषण देते हैं। (The Prime Minister gives a speech from the Red Fort every year.)

Finally, 'प्रतिवर्ष' is heard during award ceremonies. Whether it's the Filmfare Awards or the Padma Awards, the host will often mention that these accolades are given 'प्रतिवर्ष' to honor excellence. This usage reinforces the word's association with prestige and tradition. If you are attending a formal dinner or a corporate gala in India, expect to hear the CEO or the guest of honor use this word to describe the company's growth or its commitment to social responsibility. It is a word that builds a bridge between the present moment and the continuity of time.

यह पुरस्कार प्रतिवर्ष सर्वश्रेष्ठ लेखक को दिया जाता है। (This award is given annually to the best writer.)

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with प्रतिवर्ष is confusing its grammatical function with its adjectival counterpart, वार्षिक (Varshik). 'प्रतिवर्ष' is an adverbial phrase meaning 'every year'. You cannot use it to modify a noun directly in the way you use 'annual' in English. For example, in English, you say 'Annual Report'. If you translate this literally using 'प्रतिवर्ष', you get 'प्रतिवर्ष रिपोर्ट', which is incorrect. The correct Hindi term is 'वार्षिक रिपोर्ट'. Remember: 'प्रतिवर्ष' describes *how often* something happens, while 'वार्षिक' describes *what kind* of thing it is.

Mistake: Adverb vs Adjective
Incorrect: 'यह मेरी प्रतिवर्ष परीक्षा है।' (This is my every year exam.) Correct: 'यह मेरी वार्षिक परीक्षा है।' (This is my annual exam.)
Mistake: Redundancy
Incorrect: 'वह प्रतिवर्ष हर साल आता है।' (He comes every year every year.) Since 'प्रतिवर्ष' already means 'every year', adding 'हर साल' is redundant.

Another common error is using 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a context that is too informal. While not grammatically 'wrong', saying 'मैं प्रतिवर्ष ब्रश करता हूँ' (I brush every year) is semantically bizarre and stylistically mismatched. It sounds like a grand proclamation for a mundane (and in this case, unhygienic) activity. Learners often default to the most 'impressive' word they know, but in Hindi, the 'impressive' words (Tatsama) carry a specific social weight. Using them for daily chores can make you sound like you are reading from an 18th-century manuscript. Stick to 'हर साल' or 'रोज़' for daily or common personal activities.

गलत: हम प्रतिवर्ष बाज़ार जाते हैं। (Incorrect/Odd: We go to the market annually - sounds too formal for a simple trip.)

Finally, watch out for the placement of 'प्रतिवर्ष' in negative sentences. If you want to say 'This doesn't happen every year', the placement of 'नहीं' (not) is crucial. 'यह प्रतिवर्ष नहीं होता' is the correct way. Some learners try to combine 'प्रति' with 'नहीं' in ways that don't work. Also, remember that 'प्रतिवर्ष' implies a single occurrence each year. If something happens multiple times a year, you cannot use 'प्रतिवर्ष' to describe the frequency of the individual events, only the fact that the cycle repeats every year. For example, 'I visit twice every year' would be 'मैं प्रतिवर्ष दो बार जाता हूँ'.

सही: क्या यह घटना प्रतिवर्ष होती है? (Correct: Does this event happen annually?)

To truly master प्रतिवर्ष, you must understand its place in the ecosystem of Hindi time-adverbs. The most common alternative is हर साल (Har Saal). 'Har' is a Persian-derived prefix meaning 'every', and 'Saal' is the common word for 'year'. This is the 'workhorse' of the Hindi language. It is used in 90% of daily conversations. If you are talking to a child, a shopkeeper, or a friend, 'हर साल' is your best bet. It is friendly, accessible, and less 'heavy' than 'प्रतिवर्ष'. However, if you are writing a formal email to a professor or a business partner, 'प्रतिवर्ष' will make you sound more professional.

सालाना (Saalana)
Derived from Persian. Primarily used as an adjective for 'annual'. Common in financial contexts like 'saalana aamdani' (annual income) or 'saalana jalsa' (annual meeting/gathering).
वार्षिक (Varshik)
The Sanskrit-derived adjective for 'annual'. Used in formal titles like 'Varshik Utsav' (Annual Festival) or 'Varshik Patrika' (Annual Magazine).

Another interesting comparison is with सालों-साल (Saalon-saal), which means 'for years and years' or 'year after year'. While 'प्रतिवर्ष' emphasizes the specific recurring point in time, 'सालों-साल' emphasizes the long duration and continuity. For example, 'यह परंपरा सालों-साल से चली आ रही है' (This tradition has been going on for years and years). Then there is वर्षों (Varshon), which simply means 'for years'. Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the exact 'flavor' of frequency you want to convey. 'प्रतिवर्ष' is the most clinical and precise of the bunch.

तुलना: 'हर साल' (Casual) vs. 'सालाना' (Financial) vs. प्रतिवर्ष (Formal/Official).

When choosing between these, consider your audience. If you are in a government office in Delhi, 'प्रतिवर्ष' is perfect. If you are at a dhaba in Punjab, 'हर साल' is more appropriate. If you are looking at a bank statement, you will see 'सालाना'. This 'register switching' is a key skill in Hindi. 'प्रतिवर्ष' belongs to the 'High Hindi' register. By learning it, you aren't just learning a word; you are learning how to navigate the social hierarchy of the language. It shows respect for the formal traditions of Hindi literature and administration.

कंपनी प्रतिवर्ष अपने कर्मचारियों को बोनस देती है। (The company gives a bonus to its employees annually.)

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The root 'Varsh' originally meant 'to rain'. Because the monsoon was the most significant event of the year in ancient India, the time between two monsoons became known as a 'Varsh'.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /pɾʌ.t̪i.ʋʌɾ.ʃ/
US /pɾə.ti.vərʃ/
The primary stress is on the first syllable 'Pra', with a secondary stress on 'Varsh'.
Rhymes With
उत्कर्ष (Utkarsh) संघर्ष (Sangharsh) सहर्ष (Saharsh) आदर्श (Aadarsh) परामर्श (Paramarsh) स्पर्श (Sparsh) हर्ष (Harsh) निष्कर्ष (Nishkarsh)
Common Errors
  • Pronouncing 'Prati' as 'Preeti' (long 'i'). It should be short.
  • Pronouncing 'Varsh' as 'Barsh'. This is a common regional error (especially in Bengal or Bihar) but should be avoided in standard Hindi.
  • Dropping the 'r' in 'Varsh'. The 'r' is a conjunct (reph) and must be heard as a slight roll before the 'sh'.
  • Using a dental 's' instead of the retroflex 'sh' (ष).
  • Making the 'a' in 'Pra' too long like 'Praa'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'Prati' and 'Varsh'.

Writing 4/5

Requires knowledge of when to use formal vs informal registers.

Speaking 4/5

Pronunciation of conjunct 'rsh' can be tricky for beginners.

Listening 3/5

Common in news and formal media.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

साल (Year) हर (Every) दिन (Day) महीना (Month) समय (Time)

Learn Next

वार्षिक (Annual) प्रतिदिन (Daily) प्रतिशत (Percent) आयोजन (Organization) समीक्षा (Review)

Advanced

कालक्रम (Chronology) शताब्दी (Century) युगांतर (Change of era) सांवत्सरिक (Annual - very formal) निरंतरता (Continuity)

Grammar to Know

Adverbs of Frequency placement

Frequency words like 'प्रतिवर्ष' usually come after the subject.

Indeclinables (Avyay)

'प्रतिवर्ष' does not change with gender, number, or case.

Tatsama vs Tadbhava usage

Use 'प्रतिवर्ष' (Tatsama) for formal and 'हर साल' (Tadbhava/Hybrid) for informal.

Compound word formation with 'Prati'

'Prati' + Noun creates an adverb of frequency (e.g., प्रतिदिन, प्रतिपल).

Passive voice in reporting

Recurring events often use 'किया जाता है' with 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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Examples by Level

1

मैं प्रतिवर्ष भारत जाता हूँ।

I go to India every year.

A simple sentence using 'Prativarsh' as an adverb of frequency.

2

हम प्रतिवर्ष दिवाली मनाते हैं।

We celebrate Diwali every year.

Subject + Adverb + Object + Verb.

3

यहाँ प्रतिवर्ष मेला लगता है।

A fair is held here every year.

The verb 'lagta hai' indicates a recurring event.

4

वह प्रतिवर्ष नया घर देखता है।

He looks at a new house every year.

Simple present tense with frequency.

5

प्रतिवर्ष बारिश होती है।

It rains every year.

Starting with the adverb for emphasis.

6

मेरा जन्मदिन प्रतिवर्ष आता है।

My birthday comes every year.

Simple statement of a recurring fact.

7

स्कूल प्रतिवर्ष खुलता है।

The school opens every year.

Using a formal word for a simple cycle.

8

पेड़ प्रतिवर्ष फल देते हैं।

Trees give fruit every year.

Describing a natural cycle.

1

हम प्रतिवर्ष गर्मियों में पहाड़ों पर जाते हैं।

We go to the mountains every year in summer.

Adding a time phrase 'garmion mein' (in summers).

2

सरकार प्रतिवर्ष नया बजट बनाती है।

The government makes a new budget every year.

Formal context: government actions.

3

यह त्यौहार प्रतिवर्ष धूमधाम से मनाया जाता है।

This festival is celebrated with great pomp every year.

Passive construction: 'manaya jata hai'.

4

प्रतिवर्ष हज़ारों छात्र परीक्षा देते हैं।

Every year thousands of students give the exam.

Using 'hazaron' (thousands) with 'prativarsh'.

5

वह प्रतिवर्ष अपने गाँव जाता है।

He goes to his village every year.

Personal routine in a slightly formal tone.

6

नदी में प्रतिवर्ष बाढ़ आती है।

Floods come in the river every year.

Describing a recurring natural disaster.

7

कंपनी प्रतिवर्ष अपना लाभ घोषित करती है।

The company declares its profit every year.

Business context: 'labh ghoshit karna'.

8

प्रतिवर्ष 15 अगस्त को झंडा फहराया जाता है।

The flag is hoisted every year on 15th August.

Specific date with annual frequency.

1

इस क्षेत्र में प्रतिवर्ष वर्षा का औसत बढ़ रहा है।

The average rainfall in this area is increasing annually.

Using 'ausat' (average) with 'prativarsh'.

2

प्रतिवर्ष आयोजित होने वाली यह संगोष्ठी बहुत महत्वपूर्ण है।

This seminar, which is held annually, is very important.

Relative clause 'aayojit hone wali'.

3

हमें प्रतिवर्ष अपने स्वास्थ्य की जाँच करानी चाहिए।

We should get our health checked every year.

Using 'chahiye' (should) for advice.

4

यह पत्रिका प्रतिवर्ष चार भाषाओं में प्रकाशित होती है।

This magazine is published annually in four languages.

Formal passive voice 'prakashit hoti hai'.

5

प्रतिवर्ष लाखों लोग कुंभ मेले में स्नान करते हैं।

Every year millions of people bathe in the Kumbh Mela.

Describing large-scale cultural events.

6

संस्था प्रतिवर्ष गरीब बच्चों को छात्रवृत्ति प्रदान करती है।

The organization provides scholarships to poor children annually.

Formal vocabulary: 'sanstha' and 'chhatravritti'.

7

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले चुनावों में जनता उत्साह से भाग लेती है।

The public participates with enthusiasm in the elections held every year.

Note: Elections aren't usually annual, but this describes a general scenario.

8

पर्यावरण दिवस प्रतिवर्ष 5 जून को मनाया जाता है।

Environment Day is celebrated every year on June 5th.

Standard factual reporting.

1

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले जलवायु परिवर्तन के कारण ग्लेशियर पिघल रहे हैं।

Glaciers are melting due to the climate change occurring annually.

Complex cause-effect structure.

2

इस रिपोर्ट के अनुसार, प्रतिवर्ष साक्षरता दर में वृद्धि हो रही है।

According to this report, the literacy rate is increasing every year.

Reporting statistics: 'saksharta dar'.

3

प्रतिवर्ष आयोजित यह साहित्यिक उत्सव लेखकों के लिए एक मंच प्रदान करता है।

This literary festival, organized annually, provides a platform for writers.

Using 'manch' (platform) in a metaphorical sense.

4

सरकार को प्रतिवर्ष बुनियादी ढांचे पर अधिक निवेश करना चाहिए।

The government should invest more in infrastructure every year.

Economic discussion: 'buniyadi dhancha' (infrastructure).

5

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाली यह परेड भारत की सैन्य शक्ति का प्रदर्शन करती है।

This annual parade showcases India's military strength.

Formal verb: 'pradarshan karna'.

6

वैज्ञानिक प्रतिवर्ष नई प्रजातियों की खोज करते हैं।

Scientists discover new species every year.

Scientific context: 'prajati' (species).

7

प्रतिवर्ष की भांति, इस वर्ष भी वर्षा समय पर हुई है।

Like every year, this year too the rain has occurred on time.

Idiomatic phrase: 'prativarsh ki bhanti' (as usual every year).

8

संस्थान प्रतिवर्ष अपने शोध पत्र प्रकाशित करता है।

The institute publishes its research papers annually.

Academic register: 'shodh patra' (research paper).

1

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले इस सांस्कृतिक संगम से राष्ट्रीय एकता सुदृढ़ होती है।

National unity is strengthened by this cultural confluence that occurs annually.

High-level vocabulary: 'sangam', 'sudridh'.

2

प्रतिवर्ष की जाने वाली यह समीक्षा नीतियों की प्रभावशीलता को परखने का अवसर देती है।

This annual review provides an opportunity to test the effectiveness of policies.

Complex noun phrases and formal verbs.

3

प्रतिवर्ष के आंकड़ों का विश्लेषण करने पर यह स्पष्ट होता है कि निर्यात बढ़ रहा है।

Upon analyzing the annual data, it becomes clear that exports are increasing.

Using 'vishleshan' (analysis) and 'niryat' (export).

4

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले इस मंथन से नए विचारों का जन्म होता है।

New ideas are born from this annual brainstorming (churning).

Metaphorical use of 'manthan' (churning).

5

प्रतिवर्ष की यह परंपरा हमारी विरासत का अभिन्न अंग बन गई है।

This annual tradition has become an integral part of our heritage.

Abstract concepts: 'virasat' (heritage), 'abhinn' (integral).

6

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले प्रवास के कारण पक्षियों का पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र में महत्व बढ़ जाता है।

Due to annual migration, the importance of birds in the ecosystem increases.

Scientific terminology: 'pravas' (migration), 'paristhitiki tantra' (ecosystem).

7

प्रतिवर्ष बजट के आवंटन में शिक्षा को प्राथमिकता दी जानी चाहिए।

Priority should be given to education in the annual budget allocation.

Administrative Hindi: 'aavantan' (allocation).

8

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाली यह त्रासदी मानवीय भूलों का परिणाम है।

This annual tragedy is the result of human errors.

Sophisticated critique: 'trasedi' (tragedy), 'manviya bhool' (human error).

1

प्रतिवर्ष के इस चक्रीय घटनाक्रम में समय की शाश्वतता का बोध होता है।

In this annual cyclical sequence of events, one perceives the eternity of time.

Philosophical register: 'chakriya' (cyclical), 'shashvatta' (eternity).

2

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाली यह साहित्यिक गोष्ठी भाषाई विमर्श को नई दिशा प्रदान करती है।

This annual literary symposium provides a new direction to linguistic discourse.

Academic discourse: 'vimars' (discourse).

3

प्रतिवर्ष के आर्थिक सर्वेक्षणों से यह परिलक्षित होता है कि समाज में असमानता विद्यमान है।

It is reflected from the annual economic surveys that inequality exists in society.

High-level verbs: 'parilakshit' (reflected), 'vidyaman' (existing).

4

प्रतिवर्ष की यह पुनरावृत्ति न केवल परंपरा है, अपितु एक सामाजिक दायित्व भी है।

This annual repetition is not just a tradition, but also a social responsibility.

Using 'apunrit' (repetition) and 'apitu' (but also).

5

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले इस उत्सव की प्रासंगिकता आज के युग में और भी बढ़ गई है।

The relevance of this annual festival has increased even more in today's era.

Abstract noun: 'prasangikta' (relevance).

6

प्रतिवर्ष के इन आयोजनों के माध्यम से हम अपनी जड़ों से जुड़े रहते हैं।

Through these annual events, we remain connected to our roots.

Metaphorical and cultural depth.

7

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले इस विस्थापन की समस्या का समाधान ढूंढना अनिवार्य है।

It is mandatory to find a solution to the problem of this annual displacement.

Policy-level Hindi: 'visthapan' (displacement), 'anivarya' (mandatory).

8

प्रतिवर्ष के इस अनुष्ठान में श्रद्धा और विश्वास का अद्भुत संगम दिखाई देता है।

A wonderful confluence of devotion and faith is seen in this annual ritual.

Ritualistic context: 'anushthan' (ritual).

Common Collocations

प्रतिवर्ष वृद्धि
प्रतिवर्ष आयोजन
प्रतिवर्ष प्रकाशित
प्रतिवर्ष भुगतान
प्रतिवर्ष आगमन
प्रतिवर्ष समीक्षा
प्रतिवर्ष पुरस्कार
प्रतिवर्ष गिरावट
प्रतिवर्ष नवीनीकरण
प्रतिवर्ष उत्सव

Common Phrases

प्रतिवर्ष की भांति

— Like every year; as is the custom every year.

प्रतिवर्ष की भांति इस बार भी पूजा होगी।

प्रतिवर्ष के अनुसार

— According to the annual pattern.

प्रतिवर्ष के अनुसार वर्षा कम हुई है।

प्रतिवर्ष होने वाला

— That which happens every year.

यह प्रतिवर्ष होने वाला कार्यक्रम है।

प्रतिवर्ष की रिपोर्ट

— The report for every year.

प्रतिवर्ष की रिपोर्ट जमा करें।

प्रतिवर्ष का लक्ष्य

— The goal set for each year.

हमारा प्रतिवर्ष का लक्ष्य बढ़ रहा है।

प्रतिवर्ष की आय

— Income generated every year.

उसकी प्रतिवर्ष की आय स्थिर है।

प्रतिवर्ष की छुट्टी

— Annual leave or holiday.

वह प्रतिवर्ष की छुट्टी पर गया है।

प्रतिवर्ष का बजट

— The budget for every year.

प्रतिवर्ष का बजट फरवरी में आता है।

प्रतिवर्ष की परंपरा

— An annual tradition.

यह हमारे परिवार की प्रतिवर्ष की परंपरा है।

प्रतिवर्ष की दर

— The annual rate (of interest, growth, etc.).

ब्याज प्रतिवर्ष की दर से लगेगा।

Often Confused With

प्रतिवर्ष vs वार्षिक

वार्षिक is an adjective (annual), while प्रतिवर्ष is an adverb (annually).

प्रतिवर्ष vs प्रत्येक

प्रत्येक means 'each' or 'every' (general), while प्रतिवर्ष specifically means 'every year'.

प्रतिवर्ष vs सालाना

सालाना is often used for money/income, whereas प्रतिवर्ष is more general and formal.

Idioms & Expressions

"सालों-साल का साथ"

— A friendship or partnership that lasts for many years.

हमारा सालों-साल का साथ है।

Neutral
"वर्षों का अनुभव"

— Years of experience.

उन्हें इस काम में वर्षों का अनुभव है।

Formal
"दिन दूनी रात चौगुनी"

— To progress very rapidly (literally: double by day, fourfold by night).

आपका व्यापार प्रतिवर्ष दिन दूनी रात चौगुनी तरक्की करे।

Idiomatic/Blessing
"एक ही राग अलापना"

— To keep saying the same thing (can be used for annual complaints).

वह प्रतिवर्ष एक ही राग अलापता है कि उसे छुट्टी चाहिए।

Informal
"समय का पहिया"

— The wheel of time (often used with annual cycles).

समय का पहिया प्रतिवर्ष घूमता रहता है।

Literary
"पुरानी रीत"

— An old custom.

यह प्रतिवर्ष की पुरानी रीत है।

Neutral
"आँखें बिछाना"

— To wait eagerly (e.g., for an annual event).

लोग प्रतिवर्ष इस मेले के लिए आँखें बिछाए रहते हैं।

Poetic
"नाम कमाना"

— To earn fame.

वह प्रतिवर्ष खेल में नाम कमाता है।

Neutral
"गाँठ बाँधना"

— To remember something firmly.

यह बात गाँठ बाँध लो कि प्रतिवर्ष मेहनत करनी होगी।

Informal
"हाथ धो बैठना"

— To lose something.

बाढ़ के कारण किसान प्रतिवर्ष अपनी फसल से हाथ धो बैठते हैं।

Colloquial

Easily Confused

प्रतिवर्ष vs वार्षिक

Both mean 'annual/annually'.

वार्षिक is an adjective. You say 'वार्षिक उत्सव' (Annual Festival). प्रतिवर्ष is an adverb. You say 'उत्सव प्रतिवर्ष होता है' (The festival happens annually).

यह हमारी वार्षिक (adj) बैठक है जो प्रतिवर्ष (adv) होती है।

प्रतिवर्ष vs प्रतिदिन

Both start with 'Prati'.

प्रतिदिन means every day. प्रतिवर्ष means every year.

मैं प्रतिदिन व्यायाम करता हूँ और प्रतिवर्ष डॉक्टर के पास जाता हूँ।

प्रतिवर्ष vs वर्षगाँठ

Both contain 'Varsh'.

वर्षगाँठ is a noun meaning 'anniversary' or 'birthday'. प्रतिवर्ष is an adverb.

हम प्रतिवर्ष अपनी वर्षगाँठ मनाते हैं।

प्रतिवर्ष vs सालाना

They are synonyms.

सालाना is Persian-derived and common in accounts. प्रतिवर्ष is Sanskrit-derived and common in literature/news.

मेरी सालाना आय और प्रतिवर्ष का खर्च बराबर है।

प्रतिवर्ष vs हर साल

Direct synonyms.

हर साल is for friends/family. प्रतिवर्ष is for bosses/professors.

हर साल हम मिलते हैं, पर प्रतिवर्ष रिपोर्ट भी देनी पड़ती है।

Sentence Patterns

A1

Subject + प्रतिवर्ष + Verb.

मैं प्रतिवर्ष पढ़ता हूँ।

A2

प्रतिवर्ष + [Festival/Event] + मनाया जाता है।

प्रतिवर्ष होली मनाई जाती है।

B1

Subject + प्रतिवर्ष + [Object] + Verb-Present Habitual.

वह प्रतिवर्ष एक नई कार खरीदता है।

B2

[Organization] + प्रतिवर्ष + [Action] + करती है।

सरकार प्रतिवर्ष नए नियम लागू करती है।

C1

प्रतिवर्ष की भांति + [Current Event] + भी + [Verb].

प्रतिवर्ष की भांति इस बार भी मेला लगा है।

C2

प्रतिवर्ष के + [Noun-Plural] + का + [Analysis/Review].

प्रतिवर्ष के आंकड़ों का विश्लेषण आवश्यक है।

Any

क्या + Subject + प्रतिवर्ष + Verb?

क्या आप प्रतिवर्ष यहाँ आते हैं?

Any

Subject + प्रतिवर्ष + नहीं + Verb.

वह प्रतिवर्ष नहीं आता।

Word Family

Nouns

वर्ष (Year)
वर्षा (Rain - related root)
वर्षगाँठ (Anniversary/Birthday)

Adjectives

वार्षिक (Annual)
अर्धवार्षिक (Semi-annual)
द्विवार्षिक (Biennial)

Related

प्रतिदिन (Daily)
प्रतिमाह (Monthly)
प्रतिसप्ताह (Weekly)
शताब्दी (Century)
दशक (Decade)
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How to Use It

frequency

Common in formal writing, moderate in speech.

Common Mistakes
  • Using 'प्रतिवर्ष' as an adjective. → वार्षिक

    You cannot say 'प्रतिवर्ष रिपोर्ट'. You must say 'वार्षिक रिपोर्ट' (Annual Report).

  • Saying 'प्रतिवर्ष हर साल'. → प्रतिवर्ष OR हर साल

    This is redundant. Both mean the same thing. Choose one.

  • Pronouncing it as 'Pratibarsh'. → Prativarsh

    The 'v' sound is standard in Hindi. 'b' is a regional dialect variation.

  • Using it for daily tasks. → हर रोज़ / प्रतिदिन

    Don't use 'प्रतिवर्ष' when you mean 'every day'. 'Varsh' means year.

  • Incorrect placement in negative sentences. → यह प्रतिवर्ष नहीं होता।

    The 'नहीं' should generally come after 'प्रतिवर्ष' and before the verb.

Tips

When in doubt, use 'हर साल'

If you are worried about sounding too formal, 'हर साल' is always a safe and natural alternative in any situation.

No plural form

Never try to pluralize 'प्रतिवर्ष'. It doesn't exist. It's a fixed adverbial phrase.

The 'V' sound

Make sure to use the 'v' sound in 'Varsh'. Using a 'b' sound (Barsh) is common in some dialects but isn't considered standard for exams or formal speech.

Pair with formal verbs

If you use 'प्रतिवर्ष', try to use other formal words like 'आयोजन' (organization) or 'घोषणा' (announcement) to keep the tone consistent.

Business Hindi

In business meetings, 'प्रतिवर्ष' will help you sound more educated and professional.

Look for 'Prati-'

Learning this word helps you learn others. 'Prati-' almost always means 'every' or 'per' in formal Hindi.

B1 Level

For B1 exams, examiners look for your ability to use Sanskritized words like 'प्रतिवर्ष' correctly in essays.

Festival descriptions

When describing Indian festivals to someone formally, 'प्रतिवर्ष' is the most respectful term to use.

News Radio

Listen to the 15-minute news summaries on All India Radio; you will hear 'प्रतिवर्ष' used for economic and national news.

Synonym awareness

Knowing both 'हर साल' and 'प्रतिवर्ष' allows you to understand both the common man and the news anchor.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Prati' as 'Party' and 'Varsh' as 'Verse'. You have a 'Party' where you sing a 'Verse' every year. Party-Verse = Prati-Varsh.

Visual Association

Imagine a wall calendar where the pages are flipping rapidly, and every time it hits January 1st, a giant stamp saying 'PRATI' hits the page.

Word Web

Time Calendar Cycle Routine Anniversary Budget Monsoon Tradition

Challenge

Try to write three sentences about things you do only once a year using 'प्रतिवर्ष'. For example, your taxes, your medical check-up, and a specific holiday.

Word Origin

The word is a 'Tatsama' compound directly from Sanskrit. Sanskrit words are the foundation of formal Hindi vocabulary.

Original meaning: 'Prati' (towards/every) + 'Varsha' (year/rain). In ancient times, 'Varsha' referred to the rainy season, which eventually became the term for a full year cycle.

Indo-Aryan family, derived from Vedic Sanskrit.

Cultural Context

There are no specific sensitivities, but using 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a very casual or slang-heavy conversation might make you sound elitist or out of touch.

For English speakers, the distinction between 'every year' and 'annually' is the best parallel for 'har saal' vs 'prativarsh'.

The Government of India's 'Annual Budget' (Prativarsh Budget). The 'Prativarsh' address by the President on the eve of Republic Day. Literary works of Premchand often use such formal terms to describe the rigid structures of village life.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Education

  • प्रतिवर्ष परीक्षा
  • प्रतिवर्ष प्रवेश
  • प्रतिवर्ष छात्रवृत्ति
  • प्रतिवर्ष परिणाम

Finance

  • प्रतिवर्ष ब्याज
  • प्रतिवर्ष लाभ
  • प्रतिवर्ष निवेश
  • प्रतिवर्ष कर

Festivals

  • प्रतिवर्ष उत्सव
  • प्रतिवर्ष मेला
  • प्रतिवर्ष पूजा
  • प्रतिवर्ष परंपरा

Government

  • प्रतिवर्ष बजट
  • प्रतिवर्ष रिपोर्ट
  • प्रतिवर्ष जनगणना
  • प्रतिवर्ष चुनाव

Environment

  • प्रतिवर्ष वर्षा
  • प्रतिवर्ष तापमान
  • प्रतिवर्ष प्रदूषण
  • प्रतिवर्ष वृक्षारोपण

Conversation Starters

"क्या आप प्रतिवर्ष अपने देश जाते हैं?"

"आपके शहर में प्रतिवर्ष कौन सा बड़ा उत्सव मनाया जाता है?"

"क्या आपकी कंपनी प्रतिवर्ष बोनस देती है?"

"प्रतिवर्ष बजट आने पर क्या आपको चिंता होती है?"

"आप प्रतिवर्ष अपने स्वास्थ्य के लिए क्या करते हैं?"

Journal Prompts

उन तीन चीजों के बारे में लिखें जो आप प्रतिवर्ष करना पसंद करते हैं।

क्या आपको लगता है कि प्रतिवर्ष एक ही जगह छुट्टियां बिताना अच्छा है? क्यों?

अपने स्कूल के प्रतिवर्ष होने वाले उत्सव (Annual Day) की यादें लिखें।

अगर आपको प्रतिवर्ष एक नया कौशल सीखना हो, तो इस साल आप क्या सीखेंगे?

प्रतिवर्ष बदलते मौसम का आपके मिजाज पर क्या असर पड़ता है?

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Yes, you can, but it might sound a bit formal. It's like saying 'annually' instead of 'every year' in English. People will understand you, but they might think you are being very serious or polite.

Mostly, yes. However, 'सालाना' is used more often in financial contexts like 'annual salary' (सालाना तनख्वाह). 'प्रतिवर्ष' is used more in news, reports, and when talking about traditions.

It is a Sanskrit word. 'Prati' means 'each' and 'Varsh' means 'year'. Hindi uses many Sanskrit words for formal speech.

No. 'प्रतिवर्ष' is an indeclinable word (Avyay). It stays the same whether a man, woman, or group is speaking.

You can use 'प्रतिवर्ष'. For example, '5 cm per year' would be '5 सेंटीमीटर प्रतिवर्ष'.

In Hindi script, it is written as one word: प्रतिवर्ष. In English transliteration, it can be written either way, but usually as one word.

वार्षिक is an adjective (Annual Report = वार्षिक रिपोर्ट). प्रतिवर्ष is an adverb (It happens annually = यह प्रतिवर्ष होता है).

Yes, but 'हर साल' is more common for birthdays. You would use 'प्रतिवर्ष' if you were writing a formal biography of someone.

Yes, it is 'प्रतिमाह' (Pratimaah) or 'हर महीने' (Har Maheene).

News anchors use 'Shuddh Hindi' (Pure Hindi), which relies heavily on Sanskrit words like 'प्रतिवर्ष' to sound authoritative and objective.

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Test Yourself 200 questions

writing

Write a sentence in Hindi about a festival you celebrate every year using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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writing

Translate into Hindi: 'The company publishes a report annually.'

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writing

Use 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a sentence about environmental change.

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writing

Write a short paragraph (3 sentences) about your annual vacation plans using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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writing

Translate: 'Like every year, this year too it rained heavily.'

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writing

Write a formal sentence about a school award using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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writing

Describe an annual habit you have using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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writing

Translate: 'The government updates the laws annually.'

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writing

Use 'प्रतिवर्ष' and 'प्रगति' in the same sentence.

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writing

Write a question in Hindi asking someone if they travel every year.

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writing

Translate: 'Annual growth is necessary for the economy.'

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writing

Write a sentence about a tree that bears fruit every year.

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writing

Translate: 'Every year, millions of people visit the Kumbh Mela.'

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writing

Use 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a sentence about your favorite hobby.

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writing

Translate: 'The annual meeting will be held tomorrow.' (Use 'प्रतिवर्ष होने वाली')

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writing

Write a sentence about a recurring natural disaster using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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writing

Translate: 'We should plant trees every year.'

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writing

Use 'प्रतिवर्ष' in a sentence about a historical event.

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writing

Translate: 'The literacy rate is increasing annually.'

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writing

Write a formal invitation sentence: 'The annual function is on Sunday.'

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speaking

Say 'I celebrate my birthday every year' in formal Hindi.

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speaking

Pronounce 'प्रतिवर्ष' clearly focusing on the 'v' and 'sh'.

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speaking

Tell your teacher that you visit your village every year.

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speaking

Ask a colleague if the company provides a bonus annually.

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speaking

Explain that the budget is presented every year in February.

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speaking

Describe an annual festival of your choice using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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speaking

State that the population is increasing every year.

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speaking

Say 'Like every year, we will win' in Hindi.

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speaking

Ask 'How much interest is charged annually?'

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speaking

Tell a friend that it rains heavily every year in your city.

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speaking

Give a formal statement about an annual award ceremony.

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speaking

Say 'We should check our health annually' in Hindi.

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speaking

Explain that school starts in April every year.

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speaking

Make a sentence with 'प्रतिवर्ष' and 'प्रदूषण' (pollution).

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speaking

Ask someone if they take a vacation every year.

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speaking

Say 'This tradition happens every year' formally.

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speaking

State that the literacy rate is rising annually.

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speaking

Say 'I learn a new language every year' using 'प्रतिवर्ष'.

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speaking

Ask 'Is this magazine published annually?'

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speaking

Say 'Every year, new flowers bloom here.'

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listening

Identify the word: 'Prativarsh'. What does it mean?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'हम प्रतिवर्ष यहाँ आते हैं।' Where do they go every year?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'बजट प्रतिवर्ष फरवरी में आता है।' When does the budget come?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष की भांति इस बार भी मेला लगा है।' Is the fair a new event?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'जनसंख्या प्रतिवर्ष दो प्रतिशत की दर से बढ़ रही है।' What is the rate of growth?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'यह पुरस्कार प्रतिवर्ष दिया जाता है।' How often is the award given?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष वर्षा कम हो रही है।' Is rainfall increasing or decreasing?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'वह प्रतिवर्ष विदेश जाता है।' Where does he go every year?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'परीक्षा प्रतिवर्ष मार्च में होती है।' When is the exam?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष हज़ारों छात्र यहाँ पढ़ते हैं।' How many students study here every year?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'यह संस्था प्रतिवर्ष दान देती है।' What does the organization do?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष की रिपोर्ट जमा करें।' What should be submitted?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'पेड़ प्रतिवर्ष फल देते हैं।' Do trees give fruit every day?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष 15 अगस्त को झंडा फहराया जाता है।' What happens on 15th August?

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listening

Listen to the sentence: 'प्रतिवर्ष नए नियम बनते हैं।' What is created every year?

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/ 200 correct

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