疲労困憊
Exhaustion is feeling extremely tired, like you have no energy left at all.
Explanation at your level:
Hello! Today we learn the word exhaustion. It means you are very, very tired. Like after you play a lot. You have no energy. You want to sleep. It is like when you finish a big race and cannot run anymore. You feel tired. That is exhaustion. It is a noun. We use it when we are very tired.
The word exhaustion is a noun that means a state of being extremely tired. It's more than just feeling a little tired; it's when you have almost no energy left. For example, after a long day of hiking or working hard, you might feel exhaustion. It's important to rest when you feel exhaustion because your body needs to recover its energy. Think of it as your energy level being completely empty.
Exhaustion is a noun describing a state of extreme physical or mental fatigue. It signifies a profound lack of energy, often resulting from prolonged effort, stress, or illness. When someone experiences exhaustion, even simple activities can seem very difficult. For instance, a student pulling an all-nighter to study might feel mental exhaustion, while an athlete after a marathon would experience physical exhaustion. Recognizing exhaustion is key to knowing when to rest and recover properly.
Exhaustion, as a noun, denotes a state of severe depletion of physical or mental energy. It goes beyond simple tiredness, implying a significant lack of capacity to continue activity. This condition can arise from prolonged exertion, intense stress, or chronic lack of sleep. Common contexts include athletic exhaustion following strenuous competition or mental exhaustion from demanding cognitive tasks. Understanding exhaustion is crucial for managing well-being, as prolonged states can have negative health implications.
Exhaustion is a noun signifying a profound state of fatigue, characterized by a critical depletion of physical or mental resources. It represents a level of tiredness where functional capacity is significantly impaired, often necessitating a prolonged period of recovery. This condition can manifest as burnout in professional settings, or as a symptom of underlying medical issues. The term implies a more severe and persistent state than mere fatigue, highlighting a genuine lack of reserves and a potential inability to perform even basic functions without considerable effort.
The noun exhaustion denotes an extreme state of fatigue, representing the ultimate depletion of physiological and psychological reserves. It signifies a condition where the organism's capacity for sustained activity is critically compromised, often leading to a breakdown in function. Historically, terms like 'shell shock' or 'combat fatigue' in military contexts touched upon aspects of severe exhaustion. In modern usage, it encompasses everything from the profound fatigue following extreme endurance events to the debilitating effects of chronic illness or severe psychological stress, often requiring comprehensive rest and therapeutic intervention for recovery.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Exhaustion means extreme tiredness, a lack of energy.
- It's a noun, usually uncountable.
- Can be physical or mental.
- Use it for severe tiredness, not just mild fatigue.
Hey there! Let's dive into the word exhaustion. Think of it as the ultimate level of tiredness. It's not just feeling a bit sleepy after a long day; it's that deep, bone-weary feeling where your energy tank is completely empty. You might feel it after pushing yourself really hard, whether that's physically, like running a marathon, or mentally, like studying for a super tough exam for hours on end.
When you're experiencing exhaustion, everything feels like a huge effort. Even getting out of bed can seem like a monumental task! It's your body and mind sending a strong signal that they need serious rest and recovery. Sometimes, exhaustion can creep up on you slowly due to ongoing stress or not getting enough sleep over time, while other times it hits you suddenly after a particularly demanding event. It's a crucial signal that your reserves are depleted and you need to recharge.
The word exhaustion comes to us from Latin! It traces back to the verb 'exhaurire', which means 'to draw out', 'to empty', or 'to drain completely'. Imagine a well being completely emptied – that's the core idea!
This Latin root 'exhaurire' is made up of 'ex-' (meaning 'out') and 'haurire' (meaning 'to draw' or 'to drink'). So, literally, it's about drawing something out until it's all gone. The word entered English around the 15th century, initially referring to the act of draining something completely. Over time, its meaning evolved to describe the state of being completely drained of energy, both physically and mentally. It's fascinating how the concept of 'emptying' became synonymous with the feeling of being utterly spent!
We use exhaustion to describe that feeling of being completely drained of energy. It's a noun, and it's generally considered neutral in formality, though it can sound quite serious depending on the context.
You'll often hear it used in situations where someone has undergone significant physical or mental strain. For example, athletes might suffer from athletic exhaustion after a competition, or someone might experience mental exhaustion after a period of intense work or worry. It's also commonly linked to illness, like battlefield exhaustion (a term historically used for soldiers suffering from extreme stress and fatigue) or simply the exhaustion that comes from recovering from a severe flu.
Some common word pairings, or collocations, include: 'utter exhaustion', 'complete exhaustion', 'physical exhaustion', 'mental exhaustion', 'chronic exhaustion', and 'feel exhaustion'. It's a powerful word that clearly communicates a state of severe tiredness.
While 'exhaustion' itself is a strong word, it often appears in phrases that emphasize just how tired someone is. Here are a few ways we express that feeling:
- Running on fumes: This means you're continuing to do something, but you have very little energy left. Like a car running on the last drops of fuel. Example: After working 16 hours straight, I was running on fumes.
- Worn out: This is a very common way to say extremely tired, as if you've been used up. Example: The kids were completely worn out after their day at the amusement park.
- Dead on one's feet: This idiom paints a picture of someone so tired they can barely stand. Example: By the end of the long hike, we were all dead on our feet.
- Burned out: This usually refers to a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It's often associated with work. Example: She felt completely burned out after years of demanding her job.
- Wiped out: Similar to 'worn out', this means extremely tired, often after a lot of activity. Example: The intense workout left me totally wiped out.
Exhaustion is a noun. It's an uncountable noun, meaning we generally don't use 'exhaustions' in the plural. When we talk about it, we often use it with articles like 'the' or 'an' when referring to a specific instance or state, or without an article when speaking generally.
Pronunciation:
- British English (IPA): /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/
- American English (IPA): /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/
It has three syllables: ex-haus-tion. The stress is on the second syllable, 'haus'. A good way to remember the sound is that it rhymes with words like 'combustion' or 'production', though the 'ex-' at the beginning is pronounced like 'ig' or 'eg'. Pay attention to the 'sh' sound in the middle!
Fun Fact
The Latin root 'haurire' (to draw/drink) is also related to words like 'author' (one who draws forth ideas) and 'thirst'.
Pronunciation Guide
Starts with an 'ig' sound, stress on the second syllable 'zaws', ends with a 'chun' sound.
Similar to UK, starts with 'ig', stress on 'zaws', ends with 'chun'.
Common Errors
- Pronouncing the 'x' as /ks/ (eks-).
- Putting stress on the first syllable (EX-haus-chun).
- Mispronouncing the final '-tion' sound (e.g., saying '-shun' instead of '-chun').
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Requires understanding of nuanced tiredness.
Using it appropriately requires careful context.
Pronunciation and context are key.
Understanding context is important.
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
Advanced
Grammar to Know
Uncountable Nouns
We say 'much exhaustion', not 'many exhaustions'.
Adjective vs. Adverb
'Exhausted' (adj) describes a person; 'exhaustingly' (adv) describes something that causes tiredness.
Verb Forms
The verb 'to exhaust' means to make tired or use up.
Examples by Level
I feel exhaustion after playing.
I feel tiredness after playing.
Use 'feel' + noun
The long walk caused exhaustion.
The long walk caused tiredness.
Cause + noun
He has exhaustion.
He has tiredness.
Have + noun
She has much exhaustion.
She has much tiredness.
Much + uncountable noun
This is exhaustion.
This is tiredness.
This is + noun
I need rest from exhaustion.
I need rest from tiredness.
Rest from + noun
The exhaustion was big.
The tiredness was big.
The + noun + was + adjective
No more energy, only exhaustion.
No more energy, only tiredness.
Noun + noun
After the marathon, the runner felt exhaustion.
After the marathon, the runner felt extreme tiredness.
Subject + felt + noun
The long journey led to exhaustion.
The long journey led to extreme tiredness.
Subject + led to + noun
She suffered from exhaustion due to lack of sleep.
She suffered from extreme tiredness because of lack of sleep.
Suffer from + noun + due to + noun phrase
We need to avoid exhaustion by resting.
We need to avoid extreme tiredness by resting.
Verb + noun + by + gerund
The exhaustion made it hard to think.
The extreme tiredness made it hard to think.
The + noun + made it + adjective + to + verb
He experienced exhaustion after the intense training.
He experienced extreme tiredness after the intense training.
Subject + experienced + noun
The patient's exhaustion was a cause for concern.
The patient's extreme tiredness was a cause for concern.
Possessive + noun + was + noun phrase
Signs of exhaustion include extreme fatigue and lack of energy.
Signs of extreme tiredness include extreme fatigue and lack of energy.
Noun + include + noun phrase
The team pushed themselves to the brink of exhaustion during the final match.
The team pushed themselves to the edge of extreme tiredness during the final match.
to the brink of + noun
Chronic exhaustion can significantly impact one's quality of life.
Long-term extreme tiredness can greatly affect one's quality of life.
Adjective + noun + can + verb phrase
He was suffering from severe exhaustion after weeks of working overtime.
He was suffering from severe extreme tiredness after weeks of working overtime.
Suffer from + adjective + noun
The sheer exhaustion of the journey left them unable to enjoy the destination.
The sheer extreme tiredness of the journey left them unable to enjoy the destination.
The + adjective + noun + left + object + unable to + verb
Medical professionals need to be aware of the symptoms of exhaustion.
Medical professionals need to be aware of the symptoms of extreme tiredness.
Aware of + the + noun
Her exhaustion was palpable; she could barely keep her eyes open.
Her extreme tiredness was noticeable; she could barely keep her eyes open.
Adjective + noun + was + adjective
The lack of adequate rest contributed to their growing exhaustion.
The lack of enough rest contributed to their growing extreme tiredness.
Contributed to + noun phrase
They finally succumbed to exhaustion after days of non-stop activity.
They finally gave in to extreme tiredness after days of non-stop activity.
Succumb to + noun
The relentless demands of the job led to profound exhaustion and burnout.
The unceasing requirements of the job led to deep extreme tiredness and burnout.
Profound + noun
Symptoms of exhaustion can include dizziness, muscle weakness, and impaired judgment.
Symptoms of extreme tiredness can include dizziness, muscle weakness, and poor judgment.
Noun + can include + list of symptoms
Recovery from such extreme exhaustion often requires a significant period of rest and rehabilitation.
Recovery from such extreme extreme tiredness often requires a significant period of rest and rehabilitation.
Recovery from + adjective + noun
The expedition faced unexpected challenges, pushing the team's endurance to the point of exhaustion.
The expedition faced unexpected challenges, pushing the team's endurance to the point of extreme tiredness.
To the point of + noun
He spoke with a voice thick with exhaustion, barely able to articulate his thoughts.
He spoke with a voice heavy with extreme tiredness, barely able to express his thoughts.
Adjective + with + noun
The novel vividly portrays the psychological exhaustion experienced by soldiers in combat.
The novel vividly portrays the psychological extreme tiredness experienced by soldiers in combat.
Psychological + noun
Despite the overwhelming exhaustion, she managed to complete the task.
Despite the overwhelming extreme tiredness, she managed to complete the task.
Despite + adjective + noun
The constant pressure resulted in a state of chronic exhaustion.
The constant pressure resulted in a state of chronic extreme tiredness.
State of + adjective + noun
The relentless pace of modern life can lead to a pervasive sense of exhaustion, even in the absence of overt stressors.
The unceasing rhythm of modern life can lead to a widespread feeling of extreme tiredness, even without obvious pressures.
Pervasive sense of + noun
Physicians often differentiate between simple fatigue and true exhaustion, which may indicate underlying medical conditions.
Physicians often distinguish between simple tiredness and true extreme tiredness, which may indicate underlying medical conditions.
Differentiate between + noun + and + noun
The narrative explored the existential exhaustion that can accompany prolonged periods of introspection.
The narrative explored the existential extreme tiredness that can accompany prolonged periods of deep thought.
Existential + noun
Post-viral exhaustion can linger for months, severely impacting a patient's ability to return to normal activities.
Extreme tiredness after a virus can linger for months, severely impacting a patient's ability to return to normal activities.
Post-viral + noun
The sheer physical exhaustion of climbing Mount Everest is legendary among mountaineers.
The sheer physical extreme tiredness of climbing Mount Everest is legendary among mountaineers.
Sheer + adjective + noun
He described his mental exhaustion as a 'fog', where thoughts became sluggish and decisions difficult.
He described his mental extreme tiredness as a 'fog', where thoughts became slow and decisions difficult.
Mental + noun
The prolonged exposure to extreme conditions resulted in a state of near-total exhaustion.
The prolonged exposure to extreme conditions resulted in a state of near-total extreme tiredness.
Near-total + noun
Understanding the nuances between fatigue, tiredness, and exhaustion is crucial in clinical diagnosis.
Understanding the subtle differences between fatigue, tiredness, and extreme tiredness is crucial in clinical diagnosis.
Nuances between + noun + and + noun
The philosophical concept of ennui can be seen as a form of existential exhaustion, a weariness with the world and its perceived lack of meaning.
The philosophical concept of boredom can be seen as a form of existential extreme tiredness, a weariness with the world and its perceived lack of meaning.
Existential + noun
The study investigated the neurobiological underpinnings of exhaustion, exploring how prolonged stress impacts neurotransmitter function.
The study investigated the neurobiological foundations of extreme tiredness, exploring how prolonged stress impacts neurotransmitter function.
Neurobiological underpinnings of + noun
Historical accounts of polar expeditions frequently detail the bone-deep exhaustion that plagued explorers facing extreme cold and isolation.
Historical accounts of polar expeditions frequently detail the bone-deep extreme tiredness that plagued explorers facing extreme cold and isolation.
Bone-deep + noun
The phenomenon of 'compassion fatigue' among caregivers is a specific manifestation of emotional exhaustion, stemming from continuous exposure to suffering.
The phenomenon of 'compassion fatigue' among caregivers is a specific manifestation of emotional extreme tiredness, stemming from continuous exposure to suffering.
Emotional + noun
In thermodynamics, the concept of 'heat death' could be metaphorically linked to a universal exhaustion of energy.
In thermodynamics, the concept of 'heat death' could be metaphorically linked to a universal extreme tiredness of energy.
Universal + noun
The athlete's triumph over exhaustion was as remarkable as the victory itself, showcasing incredible mental fortitude.
The athlete's triumph over extreme tiredness was as remarkable as the victory itself, showcasing incredible mental fortitude.
Triumph over + noun
Scholars debate whether the societal malaise described in late-stage capitalism constitutes a form of collective exhaustion.
Scholars debate whether the societal unease described in late-stage capitalism constitutes a form of collective extreme tiredness.
Collective + noun
The literature often employs the motif of the 'weary traveler' to symbolize profound human exhaustion in the face of life's arduous journey.
The literature often employs the motif of the 'weary traveler' to symbolize profound human extreme tiredness in the face of life's arduous journey.
Profound human + noun
Common Collocations
Idioms & Expressions
"Running on fumes"
Continuing to function with very little energy left.
After the long journey, the car was running on fumes.
casual"Worn out"
Extremely tired.
The kids were worn out after playing all day.
neutral"Dead on one's feet"
So tired one can barely stand.
By the end of the shift, I was dead on my feet.
casual"Burned out"
Emotionally, physically, and mentally exhausted, usually from prolonged stress.
She felt burned out from her demanding job.
neutral"Wiped out"
Extremely tired.
That intense workout left me completely wiped out.
casual"Running on empty"
Having no energy left.
I've been working 14-hour days; I'm running on empty.
casualEasily Confused
Both relate to tiredness.
Fatigue is a general tiredness, often less severe and potentially temporary. Exhaustion implies a deeper, more profound lack of energy, often resulting from extreme exertion or prolonged stress.
After a long day, I felt fatigue. After running the marathon, I felt exhaustion.
Both describe a lack of energy.
Tiredness is a common, everyday feeling of wanting to sleep or rest. Exhaustion is a more extreme state where energy reserves are severely depleted.
I feel tiredness after staying up late. I feel exhaustion after climbing a mountain.
Often accompanies exhaustion.
Weakness refers to a lack of physical strength or power. Exhaustion is a state of extreme tiredness, which often *causes* weakness, but exhaustion is primarily about energy depletion.
The illness caused both weakness and exhaustion.
Both refer to extreme tiredness, often from work.
Burnout is typically a specific type of chronic exhaustion resulting from prolonged, excessive stress, particularly in work or caregiving roles. It often includes emotional depletion and cynicism. Exhaustion is a broader term for extreme tiredness.
Years of overwork led to burnout, a state of complete exhaustion.
Sentence Patterns
Subject + feel + exhaustion
I feel exhaustion after the long trip.
Subject + suffer from + exhaustion
The patient suffers from extreme exhaustion.
The + adjective + exhaustion + resulted in...
The severe exhaustion resulted in hospitalization.
Push oneself to the point of + exhaustion
He pushed himself to the point of exhaustion.
A state of + exhaustion
She was in a state of exhaustion.
Word Family
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
Related
How to Use It
Formality Scale
Common Mistakes
We don't typically make uncountable nouns plural. Instead, we might use phrases like 'different types of exhaustion' or 'periods of exhaustion'.
You can feel 'exhausted' (adjective), and the state you are in is 'exhaustion' (noun). Example: 'I feel exhausted.' vs. 'I suffer from exhaustion.'
'Exhaustion' implies a much deeper, more severe level of tiredness where energy is completely depleted.
Saying 'eks-haus-chun' is a common mistake. Aim for 'ig-zaws-chun' or 'eg-zaws-chun'.
'To exhaust' means to make someone or something extremely tired or to use up completely. 'Exhaustion' is the resulting state.
Tips
Sound Association
Link 'exhaustion' to the sound of 'ex-haust'. Imagine your energy 'ex-iting' your 'haust' (house) – it's all gone!
When to Use It
Use 'exhaustion' for that feeling of being completely drained, not just a little tired. Think 'marathon finish line' tired, not 'long day at work' tired (unless it was an exceptionally long day!).
Work-Life Balance
In many cultures, there's a growing emphasis on avoiding 'burnout' (a form of chronic exhaustion) by maintaining a healthy work-life balance.
Uncountable Noun
Remember, 'exhaustion' is uncountable. You don't have 'two exhaustions'; you have 'periods of exhaustion' or 'levels of exhaustion'.
The 'X' Sound
Don't say 'eks-haus-chun'. Practice the /ɪɡˈzɔːstʃən/ sound – it's more like 'ig-zaws-chun'.
Noun vs. Adjective
Distinguish between the noun 'exhaustion' (the state) and the adjective 'exhausted' (feeling the state). You *feel* exhausted; you *suffer from* exhaustion.
Latin Roots
The word comes from Latin 'exhaurire', meaning 'to drain completely'. Visualize draining a liquid until the container is totally empty!
Contextual Learning
Learn 'exhaustion' by reading about extreme sports, military history, or accounts of long journeys. Context helps solidify the meaning.
Formal vs. Casual
While 'exhaustion' can be used in most contexts, very casual chats might use 'totally wiped out' or 'dead tired'.
Visual Aid
Picture a battery icon that's completely red and flashing 'empty'. That's the visual of exhaustion.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
Think of 'ex-' as 'out' and 'haustion' sounding like 'house-gone'. When your house is gone (empty), you're exhausted!
Visual Association
Imagine an empty fuel gauge on a car, or a battery icon completely drained.
Word Web
Challenge
Try describing a time you felt exhaustion using at least three different descriptive words (e.g., 'utter', 'complete', 'profound').
Word Origin
Latin
Original meaning: 'To draw out', 'to empty', 'to drain completely'.
Cultural Context
While 'exhaustion' itself is not sensitive, discussing someone's exhaustion should be done with empathy, as it implies a significant level of suffering.
In English-speaking cultures, 'exhaustion' is commonly discussed in contexts ranging from sports and fitness to work-life balance and health. There's a cultural appreciation for hard work, but also a growing awareness of the importance of rest and avoiding burnout.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
Sports and Fitness
- athletic exhaustion
- pushing to the point of exhaustion
- recovery from exhaustion
Work and Study
- mental exhaustion
- work-related exhaustion
- avoiding burnout and exhaustion
Health and Medicine
- chronic exhaustion
- symptoms of exhaustion
- suffering from exhaustion
Travel and Adventure
- exhaustion from the journey
- physical exhaustion
- bone-deep exhaustion
Conversation Starters
"Have you ever experienced complete exhaustion after a big event?"
"What's the longest you've ever stayed awake, and did you feel exhaustion?"
"How do you usually recover when you feel exhausted?"
"Do you think modern life contributes to more mental exhaustion?"
"What's the difference between feeling tired and feeling true exhaustion, in your opinion?"
Journal Prompts
Describe a time you felt utter exhaustion. What caused it, and how did you recover?
Reflect on the difference between physical and mental exhaustion in your own life.
Write about strategies you use to prevent or manage exhaustion.
Imagine you are advising someone suffering from chronic exhaustion. What advice would you give?
Frequently Asked Questions
8 questionsFatigue is a general term for tiredness, while exhaustion implies a much deeper, more severe depletion of energy, often to the point where functioning is significantly impaired.
Yes, chronic exhaustion can be a symptom of various medical conditions, such as anemia, thyroid problems, or chronic fatigue syndrome. If you experience persistent exhaustion, it's important to consult a doctor.
Recovery typically involves adequate rest, good nutrition, hydration, and managing stress. For severe or chronic exhaustion, professional medical advice is recommended.
Exhaustion itself is a state of depletion, which isn't ideal for well-being. However, experiencing it after significant effort (like a marathon) can be a sign of pushing your limits, and recovery is part of the process. Chronic or unexplained exhaustion is generally negative.
'Exhausted' is an adjective describing someone or something that IS very tired (e.g., 'I am exhausted.'). 'Exhausting' is an adjective describing something that CAUSES tiredness (e.g., 'The marathon was exhausting.').
Yes, mental exhaustion is very common. It results from prolonged or intense cognitive effort, stress, or emotional strain, leading to difficulty concentrating, decision-making, and feeling mentally drained.
It's an idiom meaning to continue functioning with very little energy left, similar to being exhausted.
Sleepiness is the urge to sleep. Exhaustion is a profound lack of energy, which might make you want to sleep, but it's more about the depletion of physical and mental resources than just feeling drowsy.
Test Yourself
After playing all day, the children felt ____.
The sentence describes a state of extreme tiredness after playing, which is 'exhaustion'.
Which word means extreme tiredness?
Exhaustion specifically means extreme tiredness.
Exhaustion means you have a lot of energy.
Exhaustion is the opposite of having a lot of energy; it means you have very little or no energy left.
Word
Meaning
These pairs correctly match the type of exhaustion with its description.
The correct sentence is 'He pushed himself to the point of exhaustion.'
The athlete suffered from ______ after the grueling race.
A grueling race typically leads to exhaustion, not positive emotions like elation or excitement.
Which of the following best describes 'burnout' in relation to exhaustion?
Burnout is a specific type of severe, chronic exhaustion, often linked to prolonged stress.
Exhaustion is only a physical condition.
Exhaustion can be both physical and mental, resulting from extreme physical or cognitive effort, or stress.
The explorers battled extreme cold and ______ on their journey to the pole.
Extreme conditions like cold often lead to exhaustion, making 'abundance', 'vitality', or 'luxury' inappropriate.
The novel's protagonist experienced profound ______ after years of relentless struggle against adversity.
Relentless struggle and adversity typically lead to profound exhaustion, not positive states like euphoria, resilience, or optimism.
Score: /10
Summary
Exhaustion is the ultimate state of energy depletion, signaling a critical need for rest and recovery.
- Exhaustion means extreme tiredness, a lack of energy.
- It's a noun, usually uncountable.
- Can be physical or mental.
- Use it for severe tiredness, not just mild fatigue.
Sound Association
Link 'exhaustion' to the sound of 'ex-haust'. Imagine your energy 'ex-iting' your 'haust' (house) – it's all gone!
When to Use It
Use 'exhaustion' for that feeling of being completely drained, not just a little tired. Think 'marathon finish line' tired, not 'long day at work' tired (unless it was an exceptionally long day!).
Work-Life Balance
In many cultures, there's a growing emphasis on avoiding 'burnout' (a form of chronic exhaustion) by maintaining a healthy work-life balance.
Uncountable Noun
Remember, 'exhaustion' is uncountable. You don't have 'two exhaustions'; you have 'periods of exhaustion' or 'levels of exhaustion'.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Phrases
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異変がある
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異常な
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擦り傷
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吸収する
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禁酒
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痛む
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鍼灸
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急性的
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急性な
B1Acute
急性の
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