B2 noun 2 min read

~을/를 막론하고

It means regardless of or no matter what.

-eul/reul mangnonhago
Practice it

Explanation at your level:

This phrase means 'no matter what.' You use it to talk about everyone. For example, 'no matter your age, you can play.' It is a very useful way to include everyone in your sentence.

Use this when you want to show that something is true for every person or thing. It makes your sentences sound very smart. For example, 'Regardless of the weather, we will go outside.'

This is a formal way to say 'regardless of.' It is common in news and formal talks. It helps you group things together so you don't have to list every single exception.

At this level, you can use it to emphasize universality. It is perfect for essays or formal presentations where you need to state that a rule or situation is absolute and covers all variables.

In advanced contexts, this phrase is used to establish a premise that overrides individual differences. It is often found in academic writing to define the scope of a study or a social policy that applies to all subjects without bias.

Mastery of this phrase involves understanding its rhetorical weight. It is not just a synonym for 'regardless'; it carries the nuance of 'it is beneath discussion to even consider an exception.' It is a powerful tool for persuasive rhetoric and high-level discourse.

Word in 30 Seconds

  • Means 'regardless of' or 'no matter what'.
  • Used in formal and professional contexts.
  • Attaches directly to a noun.
  • Emphasizes that exceptions are not allowed.

Hey there! Think of ~을/를 막론하고 as a super-powered way to say 'no matter what.' When you use this, you are telling your listener that the specific thing you mentioned—whether it's age, gender, or status—doesn't change the fact of what you're about to say.

It's like saying, 'Hey, this applies to everyone, regardless of who they are!' It adds a layer of authority and total inclusion to your sentences. You'll hear this a lot in speeches, news reports, and formal writing because it sounds very professional and definitive.

The phrase comes from the Sino-Korean characters 莫 (막), meaning 'do not' or 'none,' and 論 (론), meaning 'to discuss' or 'to argue.' Literally, it translates to 'without needing to discuss' or 'not worth arguing about.'

Historically, this phrase was used to dismiss potential counter-arguments. By saying something is 'not to be discussed,' you are essentially saying it is so obvious that it doesn't need to be debated. Over time, it evolved into a standard way to express 'regardless of' in both written and spoken Korean.

You use this phrase after a noun. For example, if you say 'age-막론하고,' you mean 'regardless of age.' It is very common in formal settings, like business meetings or public announcements.

While it is very versatile, try to avoid using it in very casual, 'text-message' style conversations with close friends, as it can sound a bit too stiff. Instead, save it for when you want to make a strong, clear point that leaves no room for exceptions.

While it is a phrase itself, it often pairs with specific concepts. 1. 남녀노소 막론하고 (Regardless of age or gender). 2. 지위 고하를 막론하고 (Regardless of high or low status). 3. 장소를 막론하고 (Regardless of the place). 4. 시대를 막론하고 (Regardless of the era). 5. 이유 여하를 막론하고 (Regardless of the reason).

Grammatically, it follows a noun directly. It is a fixed expression, so you don't conjugate '막론' itself. The pronunciation is straightforward: mak-ron-ha-go. Focus on the crisp 'k' sound in 'mak' and the clear 'r' in 'ron'.

It acts like a conjunction-like particle. It doesn't change based on the noun before it, making it quite easy to use once you memorize the pattern! Just attach it to your noun and keep going with your sentence.

Fun Fact

The character 莫 (막) originally depicted the sun disappearing behind the grass.

Pronunciation Guide

UK mak.ron.ha.go

Crisp K and clear R sounds.

US mak.ron.ha.go

Similar to UK, focus on clear syllables.

Common Errors

  • Soft K sound
  • Dropping the R
  • Incorrect syllable stress

Rhymes With

하고 가고 보고 타고 살고

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

Easy to read but formal

Writing 3/5

Requires formal structure

Speaking 2/5

Easy to pronounce

Listening 2/5

Clear structure

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

나이 이유 성별

Learn Next

불문하고 상관없이

Advanced

동서고금 지위고하

Grammar to Know

Object Particle

을/를

Formal Connectors

고

Noun Modification

Noun phrase

Examples by Level

1

나이를 막론하고 모두 환영합니다.

Age / regardless / all / welcome.

Noun + 막론하고

1

성별을 막론하고 모두 참여하세요.

2

장소를 막론하고 어디서나 가능합니다.

3

이유를 막론하고 늦으면 안 됩니다.

4

국적을 막론하고 친구가 될 수 있어요.

5

직업을 막론하고 모두가 힘든 시기입니다.

6

시간을 막론하고 언제든 연락하세요.

7

지위를 막론하고 법은 평등합니다.

8

종교를 막론하고 평화를 원합니다.

1

남녀노소 막론하고 이 영화를 좋아합니다.

2

학벌을 막론하고 실력이 중요합니다.

3

상황을 막론하고 최선을 다해야 합니다.

4

지역을 막론하고 인기가 많습니다.

5

나이를 막론하고 배움은 끝이 없습니다.

6

지위를 막론하고 예의를 지켜야 합니다.

7

이유를 막론하고 실수는 실수를 인정해야 합니다.

8

분야를 막론하고 전문가가 필요합니다.

1

어떤 경우를 막론하고 규칙은 준수되어야 합니다.

2

출신을 막론하고 우리는 동료입니다.

3

어떠한 변명을 막론하고 결과가 중요합니다.

4

사회적 지위를 막론하고 모두가 평등합니다.

5

관심사를 막론하고 누구나 즐길 수 있습니다.

6

어떠한 이유를 막론하고 폭력은 정당화될 수 없습니다.

7

시대와 장소를 막론하고 사랑은 변하지 않습니다.

8

개인의 성향을 막론하고 팀워크가 필수입니다.

1

어떠한 정치적 견해를 막론하고 인권은 보호받아야 합니다.

2

학문적 배경을 막론하고 누구나 이 연구에 기여할 수 있습니다.

3

어떠한 경제적 상황을 막론하고 교육의 기회는 균등해야 합니다.

4

어떠한 문화적 차이를 막론하고 인간의 본질은 같습니다.

5

어떠한 시련을 막론하고 우리는 전진해야 합니다.

6

어떠한 법적 지위를 막론하고 기본적인 권리는 보장됩니다.

7

어떠한 기술적 난관을 막론하고 프로젝트를 완료해야 합니다.

8

어떠한 개인적 감정을 막론하고 공적인 업무는 우선입니다.

1

어떠한 시대적 배경을 막론하고 정의는 갈구되어 왔습니다.

2

어떠한 이념적 대립을 막론하고 평화는 인류의 궁극적 목표입니다.

3

어떠한 철학적 논쟁을 막론하고 생명의 존엄성은 절대적입니다.

4

어떠한 역사적 맥락을 막론하고 진실은 밝혀지기 마련입니다.

5

어떠한 지리적 경계를 막론하고 환경 문제는 지구적 과제입니다.

6

어떠한 사회적 통념을 막론하고 개인의 자유는 존중받아야 합니다.

7

어떠한 예술적 사조를 막론하고 창의성은 인간의 본능입니다.

8

어떠한 세대적 격차를 막론하고 소통은 관계의 핵심입니다.

Common Collocations

남녀노소 막론하고
지위를 막론하고
이유를 막론하고
나이를 막론하고
성별을 막론하고
장소를 막론하고
시대를 막론하고
국적을 막론하고
분야를 막론하고
상황을 막론하고

Idioms & Expressions

"남녀노소 막론하고"

Regardless of age or gender

남녀노소 막론하고 축제에 참여했다.

neutral

"지위 고하를 막론하고"

Regardless of one's status

지위 고하를 막론하고 법은 공정해야 한다.

formal

"이유 여하를 막론하고"

Regardless of the reason

이유 여하를 막론하고 내 잘못이다.

formal

"동서고금을 막론하고"

Regardless of time and place

동서고금을 막론하고 사랑은 중요한 가치다.

literary

"어떠한 경우를 막론하고"

Under any circumstances

어떠한 경우를 막론하고 거짓말은 나쁘다.

formal

"신분을 막론하고"

Regardless of social status

신분을 막론하고 모두가 평등한 권리를 가진다.

formal

Easily Confused

~을/를 막론하고 vs 상관없이

Both mean regardless.

상관없이 is more neutral.

날씨와 상관없이 vs 날씨를 막론하고.

~을/를 막론하고 vs 불문하고

Both are formal.

불문하고 is often used in legal contexts.

성별 불문하고.

~을/를 막론하고 vs 관계없이

Both mean regardless.

관계없이 is very common in daily life.

나이와 관계없이.

~을/를 막론하고 vs 가리지 않고

Both imply no selection.

가리지 않고 is casual.

음식을 가리지 않고 먹다.

Sentence Patterns

A2

Noun + 를 막론하고 + Clause

성별을 막론하고 모두 참여하세요.

B1

Noun + 를 막론하고 + Noun + 를 막론하고

나이를 막론하고, 국적을 막론하고 환영합니다.

B2

어떠한 + Noun + 를 막론하고

어떠한 이유를 막론하고 안 됩니다.

C1

Noun + (고하)를 막론하고

지위 고하를 막론하고 평등합니다.

B1

Noun + 를 막론하고 + Subject + Verb

이유를 막론하고 결과가 중요합니다.

Word Family

Nouns

막론 Not discussing

Verbs

막론하다 To not discuss

Related

불문하고 Synonym

How to Use It

frequency

8/10

Formality Scale

Very Formal Formal Neutral Casual

Common Mistakes

막론하고을 → 막론하고
It is a particle phrase, no extra particle needed.
막론하다 → 막론하고
It needs the 'go' suffix to function as a connector.
막론해서 → 막론하고
Standard usage is '막론하고'.
막론하는 → 막론하고
It is not a descriptive verb form.
막론한 → 막론하고
Incorrect grammatical structure.

Tips

💡

Memory Palace

Visualize a gate (막) where everyone enters, regardless of who they are.

💡

Professionalism

Use it in emails to sound more authoritative.

🌍

Public Speaking

Use it to show you are being inclusive.

💡

Noun Attachment

Always check for the object particle '를' before it.

💡

Clear Enunciation

Practice the 'k' and 'r' sounds slowly.

💡

Don't conjugate

Never change '막론하고' to '막론했다'.

💡

Sino-Korean

Learning the characters helps you understand the nuance.

💡

Flashcards

Use noun-phrase pairs for quick recall.

💡

Context

Use it to bridge two ideas.

💡

Structure

Think of it as 'Regardless of X, Y happens'.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Imagine a 'Mark' (막) who says 'No, don't talk (론) about it, just do it regardless!'

Visual Association

A person waving their hand to dismiss an argument, saying 'it doesn't matter!'

Word Web

Regardless Inclusion Universality Formal

Challenge

Try using it in a sentence about your favorite hobby today.

Word Origin

Sino-Korean

Original meaning: Not worth discussing

Cultural Context

None, it is a standard formal expression.

Equates to 'regardless of' or 'no matter what.'

Used in many political speeches in Korea. Often seen in formal company mottos.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

At work

  • 직급을 막론하고
  • 분야를 막론하고
  • 상황을 막론하고

In news

  • 나이를 막론하고
  • 지역을 막론하고
  • 이유를 막론하고

In school

  • 성적을 막론하고
  • 학년을 막론하고
  • 관심사를 막론하고

In public announcements

  • 누구를 막론하고
  • 어디를 막론하고
  • 언제를 막론하고

Conversation Starters

"What is a rule that should apply regardless of status (지위를 막론하고)?"

"Do you think age (나이를 막론하고) matters in friendships?"

"Should we help people regardless of their background (출신을 막론하고)?"

"Is it possible to be happy regardless of the situation (상황을 막론하고)?"

"What is something that is popular regardless of time (시대를 막론하고)?"

Journal Prompts

Write about a time you were treated fairly regardless of your status.

Discuss why 'regardless of reason' is a strong statement.

Imagine a world where everyone is treated equally regardless of their background.

Reflect on a hobby you enjoy regardless of the time or place.

Frequently Asked Questions

8 questions

Yes, as long as it makes sense logically.

No, it is very professional.

No, it stays the same.

It is a connector, so it usually connects to a main clause.

Yes, especially in news or formal announcements.

막론하고 is more formal and emphasizes the dismissal of discussion.

Yes, like 'regardless of the mistake'.

Not at all, it is a fixed phrase!

Test Yourself

fill blank A1

나이를 ___ 모두 환영합니다.

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 막론하고

The correct pattern is Noun + 막론하고.

multiple choice A2

Which means 'regardless of reason'?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 이유를 막론하고

The standard phrase is 이유를 막론하고.

true false B1

Is '막론하고' used in very casual slang?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: False

It is generally formal.

match pairs B1

Word

Meaning

All matched!

Matching nouns to the phrase.

sentence order B2

Tap words below to build the sentence
Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:

Noun + 막론하고 + Subject + Verb.

fill blank B2

___ 막론하고 우리는 하나입니다.

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 출신을

Needs the object particle '를'.

multiple choice C1

Which is the most formal synonym?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 불문하고

불문하고 is very formal.

true false C1

Can you use '막론하고' with a verb?

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: False

It attaches to nouns.

sentence order C2

Tap words below to build the sentence
Correct! Not quite. Correct answer:

Standard formal structure.

fill blank C2

어떠한 ___ 막론하고 결과는 동일합니다.

Correct! Not quite. Correct answer: 경우를

Requires the object particle.

Score: /10

Related Content

Was this helpful?

Comments (0)

Login to Comment
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts!