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Vocabulary
존경하다

A2 verb #5,000 most common 10 min read

존경하다

jongyeonghada Top 5,000

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips 존경하다 in 30 Seconds

Explanation 존경하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 존경하다 as a special way to say you 'really, really like' a teacher or a parent because they are good people. You don't need to worry about complex philosophy yet. Just remember the basic sentence: '저는 선생님을 존경합니다.' (I respect my teacher). In Korean schools, this is one of the first 'big' verbs children learn. It's used when you want to show that you are a polite student. You use it with the object marker 을 or 를. For example, '엄마를 존경해요' (I respect Mom). At this stage, focus on the present tense and the polite ending '-해요' or the formal '-합니다'. This word helps you express high-level positive feelings that go beyond just having fun together. It shows you think the other person is a great example to follow. Practice saying it to people you look up to in your Korean studies, like your tutor or a helpful elder.

At the A2 level, you should start distinguishing 존경하다 from other verbs like '좋아하다' (to like). While you like your friends, you 존경 people who are older, wiser, or very talented. You will often see this word in the form '존경하는 [Person]' meaning 'the person I respect.' For example, in a short self-introduction, you might say, '제가 존경하는 사람은 우리 아버지입니다' (The person I respect is my father). You should also learn the noun form '존경' (respect) and how it's used with '받다' (to receive) to say '존경을 받다' (to be respected). This is a common way to describe famous historical figures. You might read a simple story about King Sejong and see that '그는 많은 사람들의 존경을 받았습니다' (He received many people's respect). This level is about using the word in simple descriptions of people you admire and understanding that it's a 'high-status' word.

At the B1 level, you begin to use 존경하다 in more complex sentence structures, such as using it as a modifier for nouns: '존경할 만한 인물' (a person worthy of respect). You should also be aware of the difference between 존경하다 and 존중하다 (to respect/value rights or opinions). This is a common point of confusion. At this level, you can explain *why* you respect someone using grammar like '-기 때문에' or '-(으)니까'. For example, '그분은 정직하기 때문에 제가 존경합니다' (I respect him because he is honest). You will also hear this word in more formal settings, like in a news report or a formal speech at a workplace. You should be comfortable conjugated it into various tenses and using it in the '-(으)시-' honorific form if you are talking about someone else respecting a third party of high status. It's about moving from simple admiration to explaining the virtues that lead to that admiration.

At the B2 level, you should understand the cultural and historical depth of 존경하다. This includes its roots in Confucian thought, where respect for authority and elders is a fundamental virtue. You can use the word to discuss social issues, such as the 'lack of respected leaders' (존경받는 리더의 부재) in modern society. You should also be familiar with the adjective '존경스럽다' (to be admirable/respect-worthy) and how it differs from the verb. For instance, you might describe a difficult decision as '존경스러운 결정' (an admirable decision). At this level, you can participate in a debate or write an essay about role models, using 존경하다 to articulate the qualities of character you value most. You should also be able to recognize the word in literature, where it might be used to describe the internal emotional state of a character looking up to a mentor or a spiritual figure.

At the C1 level, your usage of 존경하다 should be nuanced and precise. You understand that this word is part of a larger vocabulary of 'honor' and 'reverence.' You can distinguish it from '공경하다' (respecting elders specifically) and '숭배하다' (worshiping). You can use the word in academic or professional writing to discuss leadership theories or historical analysis. For example, you might analyze how a certain historical figure 'earned the respect of the masses' (대중의 존경을 이끌어내다). You also understand the social implications of *not* using this word when expected, or using it ironically. Your vocabulary includes related hanja-based terms like '존경심' (a feeling of respect) or '경외심' (a sense of awe and respect). You can handle complex honorific shifts where the subject and object both require careful linguistic treatment. You are not just using the word; you are using it to navigate the intricate social hierarchies of Korean culture.

At the C2 level, you possess a native-like grasp of 존경하다, including its philosophical underpinnings. You can discuss the evolution of the concept of 'respect' from traditional Confucian 'filial piety' (효) to modern democratic 'mutual respect' (상호 존중). You can use the word in high-level literary criticism or philosophical discourse to discuss the 'ethics of respect.' You are comfortable with archaic or highly formal variations found in classical literature or high-level diplomacy. You can use the word in a way that perfectly balances humility and sincerity, which is essential for high-level social interactions in Korea. You understand how the concept of '존경' shapes the Korean psyche and influences everything from family dynamics to national politics. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item but a tool for expressing complex ideas about human dignity, virtue, and the ideal relationship between the individual and society.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

존경하다 in 30 Seconds

A verb meaning to respect or admire a person's character.
Commonly used for teachers, parents, and historical heroes.
Implies a vertical relationship of looking up to a role model.
Distinguished from 'jonjung' (respect for rights or opinions).

The Korean verb 존경하다 (jongyeonghada) is a cornerstone of interpersonal ethics and social structure in Korea. At its core, it means 'to respect' or 'to admire,' but it carries a weight that often transcends its English counterparts. While in English, one might say 'I respect your opinion' or 'I respect your privacy,' in Korean, 존경하다 is almost exclusively reserved for high-level admiration of a person's character, achievements, or moral standing. It is not just about acknowledging someone's rights; it is about looking up to them as a role model. The word is composed of two Hanja (Chinese characters): 尊 (높을 존) meaning 'high' or 'noble,' and 敬 (공경할 경) meaning 'reverence' or 'respect.' Together, they signify the act of holding someone in high reverence.

Social Hierarchy and Respect: In the context of Korean society, which is deeply influenced by Neo-Confucian values, 존경하다 is used to describe the relationship between a student and a teacher, a citizen and a great leader, or a child and a parent. It implies a vertical relationship where the subject looks upward toward the object of their respect. You wouldn't typically use this word for a peer unless they have performed an extraordinary feat that commands such deep admiration.
Emotional Depth: Using this word suggests that you are moved by someone's life path or their dedication to a cause. It is a very 'heavy' word. If you tell someone '저는 당신을 존경합니다' (I respect you), you are expressing a profound level of emotional and intellectual commitment to following their example. It is often heard in graduation speeches, documentaries about historical figures, or deep conversations about one's life influences.

저는 세종대왕을 진심으로 존경합니다.
— "I sincerely respect King Sejong the Great."

Understanding the nuance between 'liking' (좋아하다) and 'respecting' (존경하다) is crucial. While you can like a celebrity for their looks or talent, you 존경 them if their philanthropic work or personal integrity inspires you to be a better person. It is an active verb that implies a mental posture of humility. In modern Korea, while social structures are becoming more horizontal, this word remains a vital way to express the highest form of human connection and appreciation for excellence.

부모님을 존경하는 마음을 항상 가지고 살아야 합니다.
— "You must live always carrying a heart that respects your parents."

Furthermore, 존경하다 is rarely used in the passive voice in casual conversation. It is an active choice. One chooses to respect another based on a set of values. In writing, you will see it in the form of '존경받는' (being respected), which is a common adjective for leaders or elders who have earned the community's trust. To be '존경받는 인물' (a respected figure) is one of the highest honors in Korean society.

Usage in Media: In K-Dramas, you might hear a younger protagonist tell an older mentor, '선배님을 정말 존경합니다.' This marks a turning point in their relationship, moving from mere professional cooperation to a deep, personal bond based on shared values and mentorship.

그의 용기 있는 행동은 많은 사람들에게 존경을 받았습니다.
— "His courageous actions received respect from many people."

Using 존경하다 correctly requires an understanding of Korean particles and honorifics, as the word itself deals with high-status relationships. The basic structure is [Subject]이/가 [Object]을/를 존경하다. However, because the object of your respect is usually someone of higher status, you will often find yourself using honorific forms like 존경합니다 (formal) or 존경해요 (polite).

The Object Marker: When the person you respect is an elder or someone in a high position, you use the object marker 을/를. For example, '선생님을 존경합니다.' Some learners mistakenly use '께' (the honorific dative marker), but 존경하다 is a transitive verb that takes a direct object.
Tense and Conjugation: In the past tense, it becomes '존경했습니다' (I respected). In the future tense, '존경할 것입니다' (I will respect). However, respect is often viewed as a continuous state, so the present tense or the descriptive form '존경하는' is most common.

제가 가장 존경하는 인물은 이순신 장군입니다.
— "The person I respect the most is Admiral Yi Sun-sin."

When describing someone who is respected by others, you use the passive form 존경받다. This is a compound of 존경 (respect) and 받다 (to receive). For example, '그는 만인의 존경을 받는 지도자였다' (He was a leader who received the respect of everyone). This structure is very common in biographies and news reports.

나이가 들어도 배움을 멈추지 않는 당신을 존경합니다.
— "I respect you for not stopping learning even as you get older."

You can also use adverbs to modify the intensity of the respect. Common adverbs include 진심으로 (sincerely), 깊이 (deeply), and 무척 (very much). '진심으로 존경합니다' is a powerful phrase that can be used in letters to teachers or mentors to express heartfelt gratitude and admiration.

The Adjective Form: The noun form '존경' can be used with '스럽다' to create the adjective '존경스럽다' (to be worthy of respect). For example, '그의 희생은 정말 존경스럽다' (His sacrifice is truly respect-worthy/admirable). This is used when describing an action or a trait rather than the person directly.

선생님의 가르침을 항상 존경하는 마음으로 듣고 있습니다.
— "I am listening to the teacher's teachings with an always-respecting heart."

In summary, 존경하다 is a transitive verb that requires a direct object and is typically paired with honorific speech levels. It focuses on the character of the object and is often modified by adverbs that emphasize sincerity and depth.

In South Korea, 존경하다 is not a word you use lightly while buying coffee or chatting about the weather. It appears in specific, high-stakes social situations and formal contexts. One of the most common places you will hear it is in the education system. Students are taught from a young age to 존경 their teachers. On Teacher's Day (스승의 날), you will hear students shouting in unison, '선생님, 존경합니다!' or writing it in cards.

The Corporate World: In Korean companies, while hierarchy is strict, the word 존경하다 is used when a junior employee (후배) truly admires a senior's (선배) work ethic or leadership style. It might come up during a retirement party (퇴임식) or a promotion celebration. A speech might begin with, '제가 평소에 존경하던 부장님께서...' (The department manager whom I have always respected...).
Political and Social Discourse: Politicians and public figures often use the phrase '존경하는 국민 여러분' (Respected citizens). Here, it serves as a formal, honorific address to the public, showing that the speaker humbles themselves before the people they serve. It is a standard opening for any major national address or political speech.

"존경하는 국민 여러분, 오늘 저는 새로운 정책을 발표하고자 합니다."
— "Respected citizens, today I wish to announce a new policy."

In the media, particularly in talk shows or variety shows, guests are often asked, '누구를 가장 존경하세요?' (Who do you respect the most?). This question is a staple of celebrity interviews because the answer provides insight into the celebrity's values and inspirations. If a singer says they respect a legendary musician, it establishes their artistic lineage and humility.

그는 평생 동안 가난한 사람들을 도와 많은 이들의 존경을 샀습니다.
— "He helped the poor throughout his life and earned the respect of many."

Lastly, you will encounter this word in literature and academic writing. Essays on ethics or biography often analyze what it means to be a 존경받는 리더 (a respected leader). It is a key term in the discussion of 'In-gyeok' (인격), or personal character. To say someone has an '인격' that is '존경할 만하다' (worthy of respect) is the highest form of praise for their moral fiber.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make when using 존경하다 is applying it to the wrong objects. In English, 'respect' is a broad term. You can respect the speed limit, respect someone's privacy, or respect a decision. In Korean, using 존경하다 in these contexts sounds very strange or even humorous. For those situations, you must use 존중하다 (jonjunghada).

Confusing '존경' with '존중': If you say '저는 당신의 의견을 존경합니다' (I respect your opinion), a Korean speaker will understand you but find it awkward. Opinions are not entities that possess character; therefore, they are 'valued' or 'respected' using 존중. Use 존경 only for the person who holds the opinion.
Overuse in Casual Settings: Because the word is so heavy, using it for a friend you just met or for a celebrity you simply find 'cool' can feel hyperbolic. If you like a singer's voice, use '좋아하다' or '팬이다' (I'm a fan). Only use 존경하다 if you are prepared to discuss their virtues and how they have influenced your life.

❌ 저는 법을 존경합니다.
✅ 저는 법을 준수합니다 (I obey the law) or 존중합니다 (I respect the law).

Another common error is related to particles. As mentioned in the grammar section, some learners try to use the honorific dative '께' because they are talking to a person they respect. However, '께' means 'to' (as in 'I give to you'). 존경하다 is a transitive verb, so you must use the object marker 을/를. '부모님께 존경해요' is incorrect; it should be '부모님을 존경해요.'

❌ 선생님께 존경해요.
✅ 선생님을 존경합니다.

Finally, learners sometimes forget to use the appropriate speech level. If you are telling someone you respect them, you are by definition placing them in a higher position. Therefore, using the informal '반말' (banmal) like '너를 존경해' is extremely contradictory and potentially offensive unless you are very close friends who are having a rare, serious moment. Always default to '존경합니다' or '존경해요.'

Confusion with '칭찬하다': Sometimes people use '존경' when they mean 'praise' (칭찬). '칭찬하다' is usually something a superior does to an inferior (e.g., a teacher praising a student). You cannot '칭찬' a teacher; you can only '존경' them or '감사' (thank) them. Using the wrong one can make you sound arrogant.

While 존경하다 is the standard word for admire/respect, several other verbs and nouns cover related semantic ground. Understanding these will help you choose the precise word for the context.

존경하다 vs. 존중하다

존경하다: Directed at a person's character or greatness. (e.g., Respecting a hero).

존중하다: Directed at rights, opinions, or differences. (e.g., Respecting someone's choice). This is more horizontal and democratic.

공경하다 (Gonggyeonghada)

This word specifically means 'to respect and serve' elders. It is more traditional and focuses on the duty of younger people toward the elderly. While you can 존경 a young genius, you 공경 your grandparents.

숭배하다 (Sungbaehada)

This means 'to worship' or 'to idolize.' It is much stronger than 존경하다 and is used for religious contexts or extreme fan devotion. Using this for a regular teacher would be excessive.

서로의 다름을 존중하는 문화가 필요합니다.
— "We need a culture that respects each other's differences."

Another alternative is 흠모하다 (Heummohada), which means to admire or adore someone deeply, often from a distance. It has a slightly more poetic or romanticized undertone than the civic-minded 존경하다. You might 흠모 a famous poet's life and work.

어르신을 공경하는 것은 우리의 미덕입니다.
— "Respecting and serving elders is our virtue."

In professional settings, if you want to say you 'value' someone's expertise, you might use 높이 평가하다 (to evaluate highly). This is less emotional and more objective. For example, '회사는 그의 능력을 높이 평가하고 있습니다' (The company evaluates his ability highly/respects his skill).

Summary of Nuance: Choosing the right word depends on the 'target' of your respect. If it's the person's soul and life, use 존경. If it's their right to speak, use 존중. If it's their age, use 공경.

How Formal Is It?

Fun Fact

The character '敬' (Respect) originally depicted a person holding a stick to maintain discipline and a person kneeling, signifying that respect requires both self-discipline and humility.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /t͡ɕon.ɡjʌŋ.ɦa.da/

US /t͡ʃon.ɡjʌŋ.hɑ.dɑ/

In Korean, syllables generally have equal weight, but a slight pitch accent may occur on the first syllable '존' in emphatic speech.

Rhymes With

변경하다 (byeongyeonghada) 성경 (seonggyeong) 환경 (hwanggyeong) 동경하다 (donggyeonghada) 안경 (angyeong) 정경 (jeonggyeong) 풍경 (punggyeong) 전경 (jeongyeong)

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'jon' like 'john' with a long English vowel.
Mixing up 'n' and 'ng' (saying 'jong-gyeon' instead of 'jon-gyeong').
Over-aspirating the 'h' in 'hada'.
Failing to pronounce the 'y' in 'gyeong', making it sound like 'gong'.
Using a voiced 'j' like in 'jump' instead of the lighter Korean 'ㅈ'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 2/5

The word is common in textbooks and media, making it easy to recognize.

Writing 3/5

Requires correct use of the object marker and honorific verb endings.

Speaking 3/5

Must be careful with the 'ng' pronunciation and choosing the right speech level.

Listening 2/5

Distinctive sound makes it relatively easy to pick out in formal speech.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

사람 (Person) 선생님 (Teacher) 좋아하다 (To like) 받다 (To receive) 마음 (Heart/Mind)

Learn Next

존중하다 (To respect rights) 공경하다 (To respect elders) 인격 (Character) 훌륭하다 (To be great/admirable) 본받다 (To emulate/follow someone's example)

Advanced

숭배하다 (Worship) 경외심 (Awe) 귀감 (Model) 헌신 (Devotion) 덕망 (Reputation for virtue)

Grammar to Know

Object Marker 을/를

선생님을 존경합니다. (Respect the teacher.)

Present Participle Modifier -는

존경하는 인물 (The person I respect.)

Passive Construction -받다

그는 존경받는 의사다. (He is a respected doctor.)

Honorific Suffix -시-

우리 할아버지는 모든 이에게 존경받으신다. (My grandfather is respected by everyone.)

Causative/Descriptive -스럽다

그의 행동은 정말 존경스럽다. (His action is truly admirable.)

Examples by Level

저는 선생님을 존경합니다.

I respect my teacher.

존경합니다 is the formal polite form of 존경하다.

우리 아버지를 정말 존경해요.

I really respect my father.

존경해요 is the standard polite form.

누구를 존경합니까?

Who do you respect?

Interrogative formal form.

저는 어머니를 존경해요.

I respect my mother.

Direct object marker 를 is used.

그 가수를 존경해요.

I respect that singer.

Usage for someone with great talent/character.

우리는 세종대왕을 존경합니다.

We respect King Sejong the Great.

Plural subject '우리' (we).

할아버지를 존경해요.

I respect my grandfather.

Standard usage for family elders.

정말 존경합니다!

I really respect you!

Adverb '정말' adds emphasis.

제가 가장 존경하는 사람은 어머니입니다.

The person I respect the most is my mother.

존경하는 is the present participle modifying '사람'.

그는 많은 학생들에게 존경을 받아요.

He is respected by many students.

존경을 받다 means 'to receive respect' (passive meaning).

위인전에서 존경하는 인물을 찾았어요.

I found a person I respect in a biography.

인물 means 'figure' or 'person'.

훌륭한 의사 선생님을 존경하게 되었어요.

I came to respect the great doctor.

-게 되다 indicates a change in state.

친구의 성실한 모습을 존경해요.

I respect my friend's diligent side.

Respecting a specific trait of a person.

존경하는 마음으로 선물을 준비했어요.

I prepared a gift with a heart of respect.

존경하는 마음 is a common idiomatic expression.

그 작가는 전 세계에서 존경받는 사람이에요.

That author is a person respected all over the world.

존경받는 is the adjective form of 'receive respect'.

부모님을 존경하는 것은 당연해요.

It is natural to respect your parents.

-는 것 creates a noun phrase.

그분의 정직한 삶을 진심으로 존경합니다.

I sincerely respect his honest life.

진심으로 adds a layer of sincerity.

어려운 환경을 이겨낸 그를 존경하지 않을 수 없어요.

I cannot help but respect him for overcoming a difficult environment.

-지 않을 수 없다 means 'cannot help but'.

존경하는 선생님의 말씀을 잊지 않겠습니다.

I will not forget the words of the teacher I respect.

Future tense with strong intention (-겠-).

다른 사람을 존경하는 태도가 중요합니다.

An attitude of respecting others is important.

태도 (attitude) is the noun being described.

그 지도자는 국민의 존경을 한 몸에 받았습니다.

That leader received the full respect of the citizens.

'한 몸에 받다' is an idiom for receiving all of something.

누군가를 존경한다는 것은 그를 닮고 싶다는 뜻이에요.

To respect someone means you want to be like them.

-는다는 것 explains a concept.

우리는 서로의 인격을 존경해야 합니다.

We must respect each other's character.

인격 (character/personality) is the object.

그는 평생 동안 존경받을 만한 일을 해왔어요.

He has done things worthy of respect throughout his life.

-을 만하다 means 'worthy of' or 'deserving'.

진정한 리더라면 부하 직원들에게 존경받아야 한다.

A true leader should be respected by their subordinates.

-아야 한다 expresses necessity/duty.

그의 헌신적인 태도는 존경심을 불러일으키기에 충분했다.

His devoted attitude was enough to evoke a sense of respect.

존경심 (feeling of respect) and 불러일으키다 (evoke).

사회적으로 존경받는 인물이 되는 것은 쉬운 일이 아니다.

Becoming a socially respected figure is not an easy task.

사회적으로 (socially) modifies the phrase.

나는 그의 예술적 성취보다 그의 인간미를 더 존경한다.

I respect his humanity more than his artistic achievements.

Comparison using -보다 (than).

존경하는 인물을 롤모델로 삼아 열심히 노력하고 있습니다.

I am working hard, taking the person I respect as my role model.

-로 삼다 means 'to take/use as'.

그의 용기는 우리 모두에게 깊은 존경의 대상이 되었다.

His courage became an object of deep respect for all of us.

존경의 대상 (object of respect).

남을 존경할 줄 아는 사람이 진정으로 존경받을 수 있다.

A person who knows how to respect others can truly be respected.

-을 줄 알다 (to know how to).

선생님의 가르침은 제 삶에 큰 존경의 이정표가 되었습니다.

The teacher's teachings became a great milestone of respect in my life.

이정표 (milestone/guidepost) used metaphorically.

역사적 인물에 대한 존경은 때로 맹목적인 추종으로 변질되기도 한다.

Respect for historical figures sometimes degenerates into blind following.

맹목적인 (blind) and 변질되다 (degenerate/deteriorate).

그의 철학은 시대를 초월하여 많은 이들에게 존경을 사고 있다.

His philosophy transcends time and is earning respect from many.

존경을 사다 (to buy/earn respect) is a common collocation.

학문적 성과뿐만 아니라 도덕적 결단력에서도 그는 존경받아 마땅하다.

He deserves respect not only for his academic achievements but also for his moral decisiveness.

-아 마땅하다 means 'to be deserved/right'.

존경심은 강요에 의해 생기는 것이 아니라 자연스럽게 우러나오는 것이다.

Respect is not created by coercion but emerges naturally.

우러나오다 (to well up/emerge from within).

우리는 그가 보여준 고결한 인격에 대해 깊은 존경을 표하는 바입니다.

We wish to express our deep respect for the noble character he showed.

-하는 바입니다 is a formal way to express an opinion or action.

지도자가 존경을 잃으면 그 조직의 기강은 무너지기 마련이다.

If a leader loses respect, the discipline of the organization is bound to collapse.

-기 마련이다 means 'to be bound to/natural that'.

그의 삶은 후세에 존경의 귀감이 될 것입니다.

His life will serve as a model of respect for future generations.

귀감 (model/exemplar).

권위주의적인 사회일수록 존경과 복종을 혼동하는 경우가 많다.

The more authoritarian a society is, the more often it confuses respect and obedience.

-을수록 (the more... the more...).

존경이라는 감정은 타자의 탁월함에 대한 겸허한 인정에서 비롯된다.

The emotion of respect originates from a humble recognition of another's excellence.

비롯되다 (originate/start from).

그는 자신의 지위를 이용해 존경을 강요하기보다 실천을 통해 존경을 획득했다.

Rather than forcing respect using his position, he acquired it through practice.

획득하다 (acquire/gain).

진정한 존경은 비판적 시각을 견지하면서도 상대의 가치를 긍정하는 행위이다.

True respect is the act of affirming another's value while maintaining a critical perspective.

견지하다 (maintain/hold) and 긍정하다 (affirm).

현대 사회에서 존경의 대상이 파편화되는 현상은 가치관의 혼란을 반영한다.

The fragmentation of objects of respect in modern society reflects a confusion of values.

파편화 (fragmentation) and 반영하다 (reflect).

그의 서거는 국가적으로 존경받는 큰 별이 졌음을 의미했다.

His passing meant that a great, nationally respected star had set.

서거 (passing of a high person) and 별이 지다 (a star sets/dies).

존경의 염을 담아 이 헌사를 바칩니다.

I dedicate this tribute with feelings of respect.

염 (feeling/thought) and 헌사 (tribute/dedication).

공동체 내에서 존경받는 원로의 존재는 갈등 조정의 핵심적인 역할을 한다.

The existence of a respected elder within a community plays a key role in conflict mediation.

원로 (elder/senior statesman) and 갈등 조정 (conflict mediation).

존경은 단순한 예우를 넘어 인간 존엄성에 대한 심오한 통찰을 전제로 한다.

Respect goes beyond simple courtesy and presupposes a profound insight into human dignity.

예우 (courtesy/treatment) and 전제로 하다 (presuppose).

Common Collocations

존경을 받다

진심으로 존경하다

존경하는 인물

존경을 표하다

깊이 존경하다

존경의 대상

존경을 사다

존경받는 리더

존경심이 생기다

상호 존경

Common Phrases

존경하는 국민 여러분

— A formal way to address the nation in a speech. It shows the speaker's humility.

존경하는 국민 여러분, 새해 복 많이 받으십시오.

존경하는 재판장님

— A formal address to a judge in a courtroom. It is the standard legal address.

존경하는 재판장님, 피고인은 반성하고 있습니다.

존경하는 마음을 담아

— Doing something with a heart full of respect. Often used for gifts or letters.

존경하는 마음을 담아 이 편지를 씁니다.

존경받을 만한 행동

— An action that is worthy of being respected by others.

그의 기부는 정말 존경받을 만한 행동이었다.

존경해 마지않다

— To respect someone immensely and without ceasing. A very formal expression.

저는 그분을 존경해 마지않습니다.

존경의 염

— The feeling or thought of respect. Used in very formal writing.

깊은 존경의 염을 표합니다.

존경심을 표하다

— To express one's feeling of respect to someone.

그의 업적에 존경심을 표하기 위해 모였습니다.

존경하는 스승님

— A polite and affectionate way to refer to a teacher one admires.

존경하는 스승님, 가르침에 감사드립니다.

존경받는 지도자

— A leader who has earned the respect of their followers.

그는 한국 역사에서 가장 존경받는 지도자 중 한 명이다.

존경하는 선배님

— Used in professional or academic settings to address an admired senior.

존경하는 선배님께 조언을 구하고 싶습니다.

Often Confused With

존경하다 vs 존중하다

Used for rights, opinions, and diversity. '존경' is for the person's character.

존경하다 vs 공경하다

Specifically for respecting and serving elders. '존경' is broader.

존경하다 vs 좋아하다

Liking someone vs. admiring their character. You can like a friend but not necessarily 'respect' them in this deep sense.

Idioms & Expressions

"존경을 한 몸에 받다"

— To be the sole focus of everyone's respect; to be universally admired.

그는 국민의 존경을 한 몸에 받는 영웅이었다.

Formal

"우러러보다"

— Literally to look up, but figuratively to respect someone as a superior.

모든 학생들이 그 선생님을 우러러보았다.

Neutral

"발끝에도 못 미치다"

— To not even reach someone's toes; used when saying one cannot compare to someone they respect.

저는 제가 존경하는 그분의 발끝에도 못 미칩니다.

Informal/Humble

"고개를 숙이다"

— To bow one's head; used to show respect or submission to someone's greatness.

그의 고결한 인격 앞에 모두가 고개를 숙였다.

Formal

"손꼽아 존경하다"

— To respect someone as one of the best (counting on fingers).

그는 내가 손꼽아 존경하는 인물이다.

Neutral

"마음으로 따르다"

— To follow someone with one's heart; implying respect-based loyalty.

부하들은 그 장군을 진심으로 마음으로 따랐다.

Neutral

"귀감이 되다"

— To become a model or mirror for others to follow out of respect.

그의 삶은 많은 청년들에게 귀감이 되고 있다.

Formal

"이름을 떨치다"

— To make one's name known far and wide through respected deeds.

그는 훌륭한 학자로 이름을 떨쳐 존경을 받았다.

Neutral

"무릎을 꿇다"

— To kneel down; used metaphorically for showing extreme respect or surrender to greatness.

그의 천재성 앞에 모두가 무릎을 꿇었다.

Literary

"하늘처럼 받들다"

— To serve or respect someone as if they were the sky (the highest authority).

그는 부모님을 하늘처럼 받들며 살았다.

Traditional

Easily Confused

존경하다 vs 존중하다

Both translate to 'respect' in English.

존중 is horizontal (opinions, rights), 존경 is vertical (admiration of character).

의견을 존중합니다 (I respect your opinion) vs. 선생님을 존경합니다 (I respect my teacher).

존경하다 vs 공경하다

Both are types of respect.

공경 is specifically for elders/parents and implies service/care.

어르신을 공경하다.

존경하다 vs 칭찬하다

Both are positive evaluations.

칭찬 is top-down (praise), 존경 is bottom-up (respect).

선생님이 학생을 칭찬하다.

존경하다 vs 숭배하다

Both involve high regard.

숭배 is 'worship' and is much more intense/religious.

신을 숭배하다.

존경하다 vs 흠모하다

Both mean to admire.

흠모 has a poetic/longing nuance, often for someone distant.

그녀는 그 작가를 평생 흠모했다.

Sentence Patterns

[Person]을/를 존경합니다.

어머니를 존경합니다.

제가 존경하는 사람은 [Person]입니다.

제가 존경하는 사람은 우리 선생님입니다.

[Action]하는 [Person]을/를 존경해요.

열심히 일하는 아버지를 존경해요.

[Person]은/는 존경받을 만한 분입니다.

이순신 장군은 존경받을 만한 분입니다.

[Person]의 [Quality]에 대해 존경을 표합니다.

그의 용기 있는 행동에 대해 깊은 존경을 표합니다.

[Person]은/는 [Context]에서 존경의 귀감이 됩니다.

그는 학계에서 존경의 귀감이 되고 있습니다.

[Person]에게 존경심을 느낍니다.

그의 정직함에 존경심을 느낍니다.

누구를 가장 존경해요?

세상에서 누구를 가장 존경해요?

Word Family

Nouns

존경 (Respect/Admiration)

존경심 (Feeling of respect)

존경 대상 (Object of respect)

Verbs

존경받다 (To be respected)

존경하다 (To respect)

Adjectives

존경스럽다 (To be admirable/respect-worthy)

존경할 만하다 (To be worthy of respect)

존중 (Respect for rights)

공경 (Respect for elders)

숭배 (Worship)

예우 (Courteous treatment)

경의 (Honor/Homage)

How to Use It

frequency

High in formal, educational, and emotional contexts; Low in casual daily chores.

Common Mistakes

Using '께' as the object marker. → 부모님을 존경해요.
Learners think honorifics require '께' (to), but '존경하다' is a transitive verb requiring '을/를'.
Using it for 'privacy' or 'opinions'. → 사생활을 존중해요.
존경 is for people's character; 존중 is for rights/opinions.
Using informal 'banmal' to a teacher. → 선생님을 존경합니다.
Saying '존경해' to a superior is a contradiction in terms and disrespectful.
Confusing with '좋아하다'. → 그 가수를 존경해요 (if admiring their life).
If you just like their music, '좋아해요' is better. '존경' is for their virtue.
Mispronouncing 'gyeong' as 'gyeon'. → 존경 (Jongyeong)
The 'ng' ending is vital; 'gyeon' changes the word entirely.

Tips

Use the correct particle

Always use 을/를 with 존경하다. Never use 께 or 에게, even if the person is an elder. It is a transitive verb.

Historical Figures

If you are learning Korean, mentioning that you respect King Sejong (세종대왕) is always a great conversation starter with Koreans.

The Passive Form

Learn '존경받다' (to be respected). It's very common in biographies and when describing successful people.

Interviews

In job interviews, if asked about a role model, use the word '존경하다' to show you value character and growth.

Person-focused

Remember that '존경' is for people. For abstract things like 'privacy' or 'law,' use '존중' or '준수'.

Teacher's Day

On May 15th, use '존경합니다' in a message to your Korean teacher to make a great impression.

Formal Speeches

When you hear '존경하는...' at the start of a speech, get ready for a formal and serious topic.

Hanja Roots

Knowing that '존' means high and '경' means reverence helps you feel the 'weight' of the word.

Humility

When using this word, it's polite to use humble pronouns like '저' (I) instead of '나'.

Don't Overuse

If you use it for every celebrity you like, it loses its meaning. Save it for truly inspirational figures.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Jon' as a person's name and 'Gyeong' as the scenery (pung-gyeong). You admire the 'scenery' of 'Jon's' character because he is such a great person.

Visual Association

Imagine a student bowing deeply to an old teacher who is holding a book. The student is looking up (존) with a sincere heart (경).

Word Web

Teacher Parent Hero Role Model Hanja Honorifics Admiration Integrity

Challenge

Try to write down three people in your life you **존경하다** and list one reason for each using the '-기 때문에' (because) grammar.

Word Origin

The word is a Sino-Korean term (Hanja). It combines two characters that emphasize elevation and reverence.

Original meaning: To hold someone in a high, noble position and treat them with a cautious, reverent heart.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-derived)

Cultural Context

Avoid using '존경해' (informal) to anyone older than you or in a higher position, as it sounds dismissive of the very respect you are trying to express.

English speakers often use 'respect' for boundaries (e.g., respect my space). In Korean, this is '존중' (jonjung). '존경' is much more emotional and person-focused.

Admiral Yi Sun-sin (The most respected military hero in Korea) King Sejong the Great (The most respected monarch and creator of Hangeul) Yuna Kim (A modern figure often cited as '존경하는 인물' for her hard work)

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

School/Education

선생님을 존경합니다.
존경하는 스승님께.
학문적 성취를 존경하다.
가르침을 존경하다.

Family

부모님을 존경해요.
할아버지는 존경받는 분이에요.
아버지의 삶을 존경합니다.
어머니의 사랑을 존경해요.

Professional/Work

선배님의 능력을 존경합니다.
존경받는 상사가 되고 싶어요.
그의 리더십은 존경받을 만해요.
전문성을 존경하다.

Historical/Political

세종대왕을 존경합니다.
존경하는 국민 여러분.
역사적 인물에 대한 존경.
민주주의를 위해 싸운 분들을 존경하다.

Personal Values

누구를 존경하세요?
저는 정직한 사람을 존경해요.
존경하는 인물이 누구예요?
존경하는 마음이 생겼어요.

Conversation Starters

"한국에서 가장 존경하는 위인이 누구예요? (Who is the historical figure you respect most in Korea?)"

"존경하는 사람이 있으면 삶이 어떻게 달라질까요? (How does life change if you have someone you respect?)"

"부모님을 존경하는 특별한 이유가 있나요? (Is there a special reason you respect your parents?)"

"직장에서 존경받는 리더는 어떤 사람일까요? (What kind of person is a respected leader at work?)"

"최근에 존경하게 된 인물이 있나요? (Is there someone you've recently come to respect?)"

Journal Prompts

내가 가장 존경하는 인물과 그 이유에 대해 써 보세요. (Write about the person you respect the most and the reason why.)

존경받는 사람이 되기 위해 내가 노력해야 할 점은 무엇인가요? (What things should I work on to become a respected person?)

존경과 좋아하는 감정의 차이는 무엇이라고 생각하나요? (What do you think is the difference between respect and liking?)

어린 시절 존경했던 사람과 지금 존경하는 사람이 다른가요? (Is the person you respected as a child different from the one you respect now?)

존경하는 마음이 내 삶에 어떤 긍정적인 영향을 주었나요? (What positive impact has a heart of respect had on my life?)

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Generally, no. It's too formal and heavy. If you want to say you respect a friend's skill, use '대단하다' (great) or '존중하다' (respect their choice). You can only use '존경' if your friend did something truly heroic.

It is better to say '존경해요' or '존경합니다'. Using '존경해' (informal) sounds strange because the word itself implies the person is in a higher position than you.

존경 (Jongyeong) is for a person's character or greatness (e.g., a hero). 존중 (Jonjung) is for valuing someone's rights, opinions, or differences (e.g., respecting a decision).

You say '존경하는 선생님'. The '-하는' makes it an adjective modifying the teacher.

No. You use it for the creator (the director or author), but for the work itself, you would say it was '감명 깊었다' (deeply moving) or '훌륭하다' (great).

It's a formal way to show that they serve the people and hold the citizens in high regard. It's standard political etiquette.

Yes, young people and hip-hop fans use the English word '리스펙트' as slang to mean 'I admire what you did.' It's much lighter than '존경하다'.

Yes, '존경했습니다' means you respected someone in the past. If you still respect them, use the present tense '존경합니다'.

The most common antonym is '무시하다' (to ignore/look down on). In a social context, these two are opposites.

Yes, it is used very frequently in North Korean media to describe the citizens' mandated 'respect' for their leaders.

Test Yourself 200 questions

writing

Translate to Korean: 'I respect my parents.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Requires formal polite ending and object marker.