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A2 noun #80 most common 12 min read

por exemplo

Top 80

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to 'por exemplo' as a fixed phrase. It is one of the first connectors students learn because it allows them to expand their very limited vocabulary by pointing to things. For an A1 student, the focus is on the literal translation 'for example' and its placement at the end of a sentence or after a noun. The goal is to help the student move from one-word answers to slightly more descriptive ones. For instance, instead of just saying 'Eu gosto de comida,' a student can say 'Eu gosto de comida, por exemplo, pizza.' This level of usage is purely functional and helps build confidence in basic communication. Students are taught to recognize the phrase in simple texts and to use it to clarify their own basic needs and preferences. The emphasis is on the fact that it doesn't change—no need to worry about gender or pluralization, which is a relief for beginners struggling with Portuguese grammar.

At the A2 level, 'por exemplo' becomes a tool for social interaction and basic description. Students learn to use it more naturally within sentences, not just as an afterthought. They begin to understand the importance of commas and the rhythm of the phrase. At this stage, learners are expected to describe their daily lives, hobbies, and surroundings in more detail. 'Por exemplo' allows them to provide the specific details that make these descriptions interesting. They also start to distinguish it from 'como' (like/as). A2 students learn that 'por exemplo' is a safe, universal choice for any situation. They are also introduced to the idea that it can start a sentence to provide a clarifying instance of a previous thought. The focus is on increasing the 'flow' of their speech and making their descriptions more concrete and less abstract.

At the B1 level, the learner's use of 'por exemplo' becomes more strategic. They use it to support their opinions and to explain their thoughts more clearly. B1 students are expected to handle more complex topics, such as work, school, and travel. In these contexts, providing examples is crucial for effective communication. They learn to use 'por exemplo' to break down complex ideas into manageable parts. They also begin to notice the phrase in more varied contexts, such as news articles or short stories. At this level, the teacher might start pointing out the slight redundancy of 'como por exemplo' and encourage the student to use more varied connectors like 'tais como'. The learner's ability to use 'por exemplo' correctly with proper punctuation is now expected to be consistent. It serves as a vital tool for the B1 goal of 'maintaining a conversation' and 'expressing personal opinions'.

At the B2 level, 'por exemplo' is used with a high degree of fluency and precision. The learner understands the stylistic nuances of where to place the phrase for maximum impact. They can use it to introduce counter-arguments or to provide evidence in a structured debate. B2 students are also expected to be familiar with more formal alternatives like 'nomeadamente' or 'a saber', and they know when 'por exemplo' is the better choice for maintaining a neutral or friendly tone. Their written work should show a sophisticated use of the phrase to guide the reader through their arguments. They also understand how to use the phrase to soften suggestions or to make their speech sound more collaborative. At this level, the focus is on 'finesse'—using the phrase not just because they need to, but because it improves the overall quality and clarity of their communication.

At the C1 level, 'por exemplo' is a tool for rhetorical precision. The learner uses it effortlessly in complex academic, professional, and social situations. They are aware of the subtle differences in meaning and tone between 'por exemplo', 'a título de exemplo', and 'exemplificando'. In long, complex sentences, they use 'por exemplo' to provide necessary pauses and to ground abstract theories in reality. They can identify and use the phrase in a wide range of registers, from highly technical scientific papers to colloquial storytelling. C1 learners also understand the cultural context of providing examples in Lusophone cultures—how it can be used to show humility, to build rapport, or to demonstrate expertise. Their use of the phrase is indistinguishable from that of a native speaker, including the subtle intonation patterns that signal its presence in spoken discourse.

At the C2 level, the mastery of 'por exemplo' is absolute. The learner uses it with complete stylistic flexibility. They might even intentionally break the standard rules for creative or emphatic effect in literature or high-level oratory. They have a deep understanding of the phrase's history and its relationship to other connective devices in the Portuguese language. At this level, the learner can appreciate the use of 'por exemplo' in the works of great Portuguese-language authors and can replicate that level of sophistication in their own writing. They use the phrase to navigate the most delicate social and professional situations with ease, using it to clarify, persuade, and illustrate with perfect timing and tone. For a C2 learner, 'por exemplo' is not just a vocabulary item; it is a finely tuned instrument in their extensive linguistic orchestra.

Practice it Examples Notes & Tips

por exemplo in 30 Seconds

Means 'for example' or 'for instance'.
Used to provide specific illustrations of a general topic.
Always stays the same (no plural or gender changes).
Usually requires commas in writing for clarity.

The Portuguese phrase por exemplo is the direct and most common equivalent of the English expression 'for example' or 'for instance'. At its core, it is composed of the preposition por (meaning 'by' or 'for') and the noun exemplo (meaning 'example'). While simple in structure, its utility in both spoken and written Portuguese is immense, serving as the primary linguistic bridge between a general statement and a specific illustration. Whether you are explaining a complex scientific theory, describing your favorite hobbies, or clarifying a misunderstanding, this phrase acts as a signal to your listener that concrete evidence or a specific case is about to follow.

Grammatical Function: It functions as an adverbial locution or a connective phrase. It is used to introduce an illustration of what has just been mentioned, providing clarity and depth to the discourse.

Existem muitas cidades bonitas em Portugal, por exemplo, Lisboa e Porto.

In everyday conversation, por exemplo is used to narrow down a broad topic. If someone asks you what kind of music you like, you might start with a broad category and then use the phrase to list specific artists. It is also a vital tool in professional settings. During a business presentation, you might present a strategy and then say, 'Por exemplo, podemos aumentar o investimento em marketing,' to show how that strategy looks in practice. The phrase is remarkably stable; unlike many other Portuguese expressions, it does not change based on gender or number, making it an easy and reliable tool for learners at the A2 level and beyond.

Placement in Sentences: It can appear at the beginning, middle, or end of a sentence. When placed in the middle or at the end, it is almost always set off by commas, just like in English.

Você pode usar frutas, por exemplo, para decorar o bolo.

The cultural weight of the word exemplo itself is significant in Portuguese. It carries the connotation of a model or a standard. Therefore, when you use por exemplo, you are not just giving a random sample; you are often providing a representative case that helps the listener understand the 'standard' or 'rule' you are discussing. This makes it a powerful rhetorical device in debates and academic writing. In the context of the CEFR A2 level, mastering this phrase allows a student to move beyond simple subject-verb-object sentences and begin constructing more complex, descriptive, and persuasive narratives.

Por exemplo, se chover amanhã, ficaremos em casa.

Register and Tone: The phrase is neutral. It is equally appropriate when talking to a child, a friend, or a high-ranking government official. Its versatility is its greatest strength.

Muitos animais, por exemplo os cães, são muito leais.

Podemos viajar para vários lugares, por exemplo, para a praia.

Using por exemplo correctly involves understanding its placement and the punctuation that accompanies it. In Portuguese, as in English, this phrase is a parenthetical expression. This means it can be inserted into a sentence to provide extra information without changing the fundamental grammatical structure of the sentence. The most important rule for English speakers to remember is the use of commas. In almost all cases, por exemplo should be separated from the rest of the sentence by commas to indicate a pause in thought.

At the Beginning of a Sentence: When starting a sentence with 'Por exemplo', you are usually linking it to a previous statement. It sets the stage for the specific case you are about to describe.

Por exemplo, se você quiser aprender piano, deve praticar todos os dias.

When placed in the middle of a sentence, por exemplo often follows the noun or category it is illustrating. This is perhaps the most common usage in descriptive writing. For instance, 'Alguns países, por exemplo, o Brasil e a Argentina, falam línguas românicas.' Here, the phrase acts as a pivot point between the general category ('alguns países') and the specific examples. Notice how the commas create a natural rhythm, allowing the listener to process the category before hearing the examples.

At the End of a Sentence: Using it at the end of a sentence is common in speech when the speaker realizes they need to provide an example after they've already made their main point.

Você deveria comer mais vegetais, brócolis por exemplo.

One nuance to consider is the combination with the word como. While saying 'como por exemplo' (like for example) is technically redundant, it is extremely common in colloquial Portuguese. It adds an extra layer of emphasis. However, in formal academic writing, it is better to choose one or the other. Another interesting aspect is how por exemplo can be used to soften a request or a suggestion. Instead of saying 'Do this,' saying 'You could do this, for example,' makes the speaker sound more collaborative and less demanding.

Interrogative Usage: You can use it in questions to ask for clarification or to prompt someone to give you more details.

Quais são os seus planos, por exemplo?

Finally, consider the rhythm of the phrase. In Portuguese, the stress in exemplo falls on the second syllable (e-XEM-plo). When combined with por, the whole phrase has a flowing, melodic quality that helps maintain the cadence of a conversation. Practice saying it as a single unit of sound rather than two separate words to sound more like a native speaker.

Existem muitos esportes interessantes, por exemplo, o surf.

Podemos usar cores vibrantes, por exemplo, o amarelo.

The phrase por exemplo is ubiquitous in the Lusophone world. From the bustling streets of Luanda to the historic centers of Lisbon and the vibrant neighborhoods of São Paulo, you will hear this phrase in almost every context imaginable. It is one of those 'glue' phrases that keeps communication moving smoothly. In a classroom setting, a teacher might use it dozens of times in a single lesson to illustrate grammatical rules or historical events. 'Os verbos irregulares, por exemplo, não seguem o padrão normal.' In this context, it serves as a pedagogical tool, helping students grasp abstract concepts through concrete instances.

In the Media: News anchors and journalists use it constantly to provide context to their reports. It helps in breaking down complex economic or political news for the general public.

A inflação afeta o preço dos alimentos, por exemplo, do arroz e do feijão.

In the workplace, por exemplo is essential for clear communication. During meetings, it is used to propose ideas or to clarify tasks. A manager might say, 'Precisamos melhorar nossa comunicação interna, por exemplo, usando uma nova plataforma de mensagens.' Here, it transforms a vague goal into a tangible suggestion. It is also very common in customer service. If you are at a restaurant and ask about the ingredients in a dish, the waiter might respond, 'Este prato contém vários temperos, por exemplo, coentro e alho.' It provides the specific detail that the customer is looking for.

In Literature and Academic Writing: Authors use it to ground their descriptions or arguments. It is a staple of non-fiction, essays, and scientific papers where evidence-based reasoning is paramount.

Muitos autores modernos, por exemplo José Saramago, exploram temas sociais complexos.

Socially, the phrase is used to find common ground. When meeting someone new, you might talk about your interests. 'Eu gosto de viajar, por exemplo, no ano passado fui para a Itália.' It invites the other person to share their own examples, fostering a reciprocal conversation. It is also used in storytelling. When someone is recounting an event, they might use por exemplo to highlight a specific moment that illustrates the overall mood or theme of the story. Its frequency in the language cannot be overstated; it is a foundational piece of the Portuguese linguistic toolkit.

Podemos marcar a reunião em qualquer dia, na terça-feira por exemplo.

Existem várias formas de pagamento, por exemplo, cartão de crédito ou boleto.

While por exemplo is a relatively straightforward phrase, English speakers often stumble over a few specific hurdles. The most common error is a literal translation of 'for example' using the wrong preposition. In English, we use 'for', which many learners instinctively translate to para. However, in Portuguese, the correct preposition is por. Saying 'para exemplo' is a clear marker of a non-native speaker and, while usually understood, sounds very unnatural. Another frequent mistake involves punctuation. Because por exemplo is an interjection or a parenthetical phrase, it requires commas. Omitting them can make a sentence feel rushed and difficult to parse.

The 'Para' vs. 'Por' Trap: Always use 'por'. Think of it as 'by way of example' rather than 'for the purpose of an example' to help remember the correct preposition.

Incorrect: Gosto de frutas, para exemplo maçãs.
Correct: Gosto de frutas, por exemplo, maçãs.

Another common issue is the redundancy of 'como por exemplo'. While widely used by native speakers in casual conversation, it is often criticized in formal writing as being repetitive. 'Como' already means 'like' or 'as', so adding 'por exemplo' is like saying 'like for example'. If you are writing an essay or a formal report, it is better to choose one. Another mistake is pluralizing the phrase. Even if you are providing ten examples, the phrase remains por exemplo (singular). There is no such thing as 'por exemplos' in this context.

Word Order Confusion: Learners sometimes place 'por exemplo' too far away from the word it is illustrating. It should ideally follow the general category immediately.

Comprei legumes, por exemplo, cenouras, no mercado.

Finally, be careful with the use of 'exemplo' in other contexts. While 'por exemplo' is a fixed phrase, 'exemplo' on its own is a noun that can be pluralized. For instance, 'Ele deu muitos exemplos' (He gave many examples). The mistake happens when learners try to apply the rules of the standalone noun to the fixed adverbial phrase. Keeping these two uses distinct in your mind will help you avoid grammatical errors. Also, remember that in Portuguese, the word 'exemplo' starts with an 'e' sound, not an 'i' sound as in the English 'example'. Mispronouncing the first vowel is a common phonetic mistake for English speakers.

Você pode escolher uma cor, azul por exemplo.

Muitas pessoas, por exemplo, meus pais, preferem o campo.

While por exemplo is the most common way to introduce an illustration, Portuguese offers several alternatives that can add variety and precision to your speech and writing. Understanding these synonyms allows you to avoid repetition and match the tone of your conversation or document. The most direct alternative is como, which translates to 'like' or 'as'. It is shorter and very common in casual speech. However, como is less formal and sometimes less precise than por exemplo, as it can also be used for comparisons.

Tais como: This translates to 'such as'. It is slightly more formal than 'como' and is excellent for listing multiple items in a series.

Frutas tropicais, tais como a manga e o abacaxi, são deliciosas.

In more formal or academic contexts, you might encounter a saber or nomeadamente. A saber is similar to the English 'namely' or 'to wit'. It is used when you are about to list all the components of something, rather than just a few examples. Nomeadamente is very common in European Portuguese and is used to highlight specific examples within a group, similar to 'notably' or 'specifically'. Another sophisticated option is a título de exemplo, which literally means 'by way of example'. This is frequently used in legal or academic writing to introduce a case study or a specific piece of evidence.

Comparison of Alternatives

Como: Casual, quick, versatile.
Tais como: Formal, great for lists.
A saber: Precise, used for exhaustive lists.
Nomeadamente: Formal, highlights specific items.

O projeto tem vários custos, nomeadamente com transporte e pessoal.

For learners, the best strategy is to master por exemplo first, as it is never 'wrong' in any context. Once you feel comfortable, you can start incorporating como for speed and tais como for more structured writing. Another phrase to be aware of is exemplificando, which is the gerund form of the verb exemplificar (to exemplify). It is used to start a sentence that will serve as an illustration of the previous point. 'Exemplificando, podemos observar o comportamento das células sob o microscópio.' This is a more active way of introducing an example and is very effective in scientific or technical explanations.

A título de exemplo, vejamos o que aconteceu no ano passado.

Ele tem muitos talentos, como cantar e dançar.

How Formal Is It?

Formal

"A inflação, por exemplo, é um fator determinante."

Neutral

"Você pode comer, por exemplo, uma maçã."

Informal

"Tipo, por exemplo, se a gente fosse lá..."

Child friendly

"Os animais, por exemplo o gatinho, fazem barulho."

Slang

"Tipo assim, por exemplo, saca?"

Fun Fact

The word 'exemplo' comes from the Latin 'eximere', which means 'to take out'. So an example is literally something 'taken out' of a larger group to show its nature.

Pronunciation Guide

UK /puɾ iˈzẽ.plu/

US /poʊr ɪˈzɛm.ploʊ/

The primary stress is on the second syllable of 'exemplo' (XEM).

Rhymes With

templo contemplo desexemplo contemplo atemplo extemplo intemplo retemplo

Common Errors

Pronouncing 'exemplo' with a hard 'x' like 'ks'. It should be a 'z' sound.
Pronouncing the first 'e' in 'exemplo' like the 'e' in 'egg'. It's closer to 'ee' or 'i'.
Forgetting the nasal sound of the 'em' in 'exemplo'.
Stress on the first syllable of 'exemplo'.
Pronouncing 'por' as 'para'.

Difficulty Rating

Reading 1/5

Very easy to recognize as it looks like the English equivalent.

Writing 2/5

Easy, but requires remembering the 'por' instead of 'para' and the commas.

Speaking 2/5

Easy to say, but requires correct nasalization of 'em'.

Listening 1/5

Very easy to hear and understand in context.

What to Learn Next

Prerequisites

por exemplo como um uma

Learn Next

tais como nomeadamente a saber ilustrar explicar

Advanced

exemplificação paradigma espécime amostragem consubstanciar

Grammar to Know

Use of commas with parenthetical phrases.

O sol, por exemplo, é uma estrela.

Difference between 'por' and 'para'.

Por exemplo (correct) vs Para exemplo (incorrect).

Invariability of adverbial locutions.

Sempre 'por exemplo', nunca 'por exemplos'.

Nasal vowels in Portuguese.

The 'em' in 'exemplo' is nasal.

Placement of connectors in a sentence.

Can be at start, middle, or end.

Examples by Level

Eu gosto de frutas, por exemplo, maçã.

I like fruits, for example, apple.

Simple placement at the end of a list.

Você fala línguas, por exemplo, inglês?

Do you speak languages, for example, English?

Used in a simple question.

Temos cores, por exemplo, azul e vermelho.

We have colors, for example, blue and red.

Listing two items.

Eu bebo chá, por exemplo, chá verde.

I drink tea, for example, green tea.

Specifying a type of drink.

Ela estuda muito, por exemplo, à noite.

She studies a lot, for example, at night.

Giving an example of time.

Gosto de animais, por exemplo, gatos.

I like animals, for example, cats.

Basic noun illustration.

Ele toca instrumentos, por exemplo, piano.

He plays instruments, for example, piano.

Illustrating a skill.

Vou ao mercado, por exemplo, no sábado.

I go to the market, for example, on Saturday.

Example of a day of the week.

Podemos ir ao cinema, por exemplo, amanhã à tarde.

We can go to the cinema, for example, tomorrow afternoon.

Suggesting a specific time.

Existem muitos países na Europa, por exemplo, a França.

There are many countries in Europe, for example, France.

Illustrating a geographic category.

Você pode usar este aplicativo, por exemplo, para aprender português.

You can use this app, for example, to learn Portuguese.

Giving an example of a purpose.

Muitas pessoas, por exemplo, meus amigos, gostam de futebol.

Many people, for example, my friends, like soccer.

Using commas to set off the phrase in the middle.

Por exemplo, se você estiver cansado, pode descansar aqui.

For example, if you are tired, you can rest here.

Starting a sentence with the phrase.

Eu visito museus, por exemplo, o Museu do Louvre.

I visit museums, for example, the Louvre Museum.

Specific proper noun example.

Ela faz exercícios, por exemplo, natação e ioga.

She does exercises, for example, swimming and yoga.

Listing multiple activities.

Você tem hobbies, por exemplo, colecionar selos?

Do you have hobbies, for example, collecting stamps?

Clarifying a question.

A tecnologia mudou nossas vidas, por exemplo, a forma como comunicamos.

Technology changed our lives, for example, the way we communicate.

Illustrating an abstract concept.

Podemos economizar energia, por exemplo, desligando as luzes.

We can save energy, for example, by turning off the lights.

Giving a practical example of an action.

Alguns problemas sociais, por exemplo, o desemprego, são difíceis de resolver.

Some social problems, for example, unemployment, are hard to solve.

Parenthetical insertion in a complex sentence.

Por exemplo, no Brasil, o café é uma parte essencial da cultura.

For example, in Brazil, coffee is an essential part of the culture.

Introducing a cultural fact.

Você deve levar roupas quentes, por exemplo, um casaco pesado.

You should take warm clothes, for example, a heavy coat.

Giving specific advice.

Existem várias formas de arte, por exemplo, a escultura e a pintura.

There are various forms of art, for example, sculpture and painting.

Categorizing types of art.

Muitas empresas, por exemplo, as de tecnologia, oferecem trabalho remoto.

Many companies, for example, tech ones, offer remote work.

Specifying a type of industry.

Você pode escolher um prato, o bacalhau por exemplo.

You can choose a dish, the codfish for example.

End-of-sentence placement for emphasis.

A globalização tem efeitos diversos, por exemplo, a homogeneização cultural.

Globalization has diverse effects, for example, cultural homogenization.

Academic usage for complex phenomena.

É necessário adotar medidas urgentes, por exemplo, a redução das emissões de CO2.

It is necessary to adopt urgent measures, for example, the reduction of CO2 emissions.

Formal policy suggestion.

Muitos filósofos, por exemplo, Kant e Hegel, discutiram a natureza da razão.

Many philosophers, for example, Kant and Hegel, discussed the nature of reason.

Citing academic authorities.

O autor utiliza várias metáforas, por exemplo, o mar como símbolo da liberdade.

The author uses various metaphors, for example, the sea as a symbol of freedom.

Literary analysis.

Por exemplo, se analisarmos os dados estatísticos, veremos uma tendência clara.

For example, if we analyze the statistical data, we will see a clear trend.

Introducing data analysis.

Existem restrições legais, por exemplo, quanto ao uso de dados pessoais.

There are legal restrictions, for example, regarding the use of personal data.

Legal/Professional context.

A dieta mediterrânea é saudável, incluindo, por exemplo, muito azeite e peixe.

The Mediterranean diet is healthy, including, for example, lots of olive oil and fish.

Detailed dietary description.

Podemos considerar outras opções, a energia solar por exemplo.

We can consider other options, solar energy for example.

Proposing an alternative.

A complexidade da psique humana manifesta-se de várias formas, por exemplo, através dos sonhos.

The complexity of the human psyche manifests in various ways, for example, through dreams.

High-level psychological discussion.

A arquitetura barroca, por exemplo, caracteriza-se pela exuberância ornamental.

Baroque architecture, for example, is characterized by ornamental exuberance.

Art history critique.

Devemos ponderar as implicações éticas, por exemplo, no campo da inteligência artificial.

We must weigh the ethical implications, for example, in the field of artificial intelligence.

Ethical/Philosophical debate.

Por exemplo, a teoria da relatividade revolucionou a nossa compreensão do tempo e do espaço.

For example, the theory of relativity revolutionized our understanding of time and space.

Scientific history.

Muitas línguas indígenas, por exemplo, o tupi-guarani, influenciaram o português do Brasil.

Many indigenous languages, for example, Tupi-Guarani, influenced Brazilian Portuguese.

Linguistic analysis.

A volatilidade do mercado financeiro, por exemplo, exige estratégias de investimento prudentes.

The volatility of the financial market, for example, requires prudent investment strategies.

Economic commentary.

O realismo mágico, por exemplo na obra de Gabriel García Márquez, funde o real com o fantástico.

Magical realism, for example in the work of Gabriel García Márquez, merges the real with the fantastic.

Literary criticism.

Poderíamos citar, por exemplo, o impacto da Revolução Industrial na estrutura familiar.

We could cite, for example, the impact of the Industrial Revolution on the family structure.

Sociological observation.

A idiossincrasia do sistema jurídico lusitano, por exemplo, reflete séculos de tradição romana.

The idiosyncrasy of the Lusitanian legal system, for example, reflects centuries of Roman tradition.

Highly formal/Academic.

Por exemplo, a subtileza da ironia camoniana exige uma leitura atenta e erudita.

For example, the subtlety of Camonian irony requires an attentive and erudite reading.

Classical literary analysis.

A convergência de interesses geopolíticos, por exemplo na bacia do Mediterrâneo, molda a política externa.

The convergence of geopolitical interests, for example in the Mediterranean basin, shapes foreign policy.

Geopolitical discourse.

Poder-se-ia argumentar, por exemplo, que a ontologia heideggeriana redefine o conceito de ser.

One could argue, for example, that Heideggerian ontology redefines the concept of being.

Philosophical argumentation.

A resiliência dos ecossistemas, por exemplo perante as alterações climáticas, é um tema de estudo fulcral.

The resilience of ecosystems, for example in the face of climate change, is a central theme of study.

Environmental science.

A fluidez das identidades contemporâneas, por exemplo no espaço digital, desafia as categorias sociológicas tradicionais.

The fluidity of contemporary identities, for example in the digital space, challenges traditional sociological categories.

Modern sociology.

Por exemplo, a polifonia narrativa em Dostoievski permite uma exploração profunda da moralidade.

For example, the narrative polyphony in Dostoevsky allows for a deep exploration of morality.

Comparative literature.

A eficácia da retórica política, por exemplo em tempos de crise, depende da empatia do orador.

The effectiveness of political rhetoric, for example in times of crisis, depends on the speaker's empathy.

Political science/Communication.

Common Collocations

dar um exemplo

como por exemplo

citar por exemplo

servir de exemplo

um bom exemplo

seguir o exemplo

sem exemplo

por exemplo apenas

tomar como exemplo

exemplo prático

Common Phrases

Só por exemplo

Dê-me um exemplo

Um exemplo disso é

Para dar um exemplo

Como, por exemplo, o caso de

Vejamos, por exemplo

Pense, por exemplo

Digamos, por exemplo

Por exemplo, no meu caso

Apenas um exemplo

Often Confused With

por exemplo vs por acaso

Means 'by chance' or 'incidentally'. Often confused because of the 'por'.

por exemplo vs por enquanto

Means 'for now'. Also starts with 'por'.

por exemplo vs para exemplo

A common incorrect translation of 'for example'.

Idioms & Expressions

"Dar o exemplo"

To behave in a way that others should copy.

O líder deve dar o exemplo.

neutral

"Fazer escola"

To set an example that many others follow.

O seu estilo de pintura fez escola.

neutral

"Ser um mau exemplo"

To be a bad influence or model.

Não seja um mau exemplo para as crianças.

neutral

"Exemplo de vida"

Someone whose life story is inspiring.

Ela é um verdadeiro exemplo de vida.

neutral

"Pregar pelo exemplo"

To teach others through one's own actions.

Ele prega pelo exemplo, trabalhando duro todos os dias.

neutral

"Sem precedentes"

Something that has no previous example (unprecedented).

Uma crise sem precedentes.

formal

"Abrir um precedente"

To do something that sets an example for future similar actions.

Se deixarmos ele sair cedo, abriremos um precedente.

neutral

"Castigo exemplar"

A punishment meant to serve as a warning to others.

Ele recebeu um castigo exemplar.

formal

"Comportamento exemplar"

Perfect or model behavior.

O aluno teve um comportamento exemplar.

neutral

"Exemplo acabado"

A perfect or complete example of something.

Este livro é o exemplo acabado do romantismo.

formal

Easily Confused

por exemplo vs como

Both introduce examples.

'Como' is more casual and can also mean 'like' or 'as' for comparisons. 'Por exemplo' is more specific to illustrating.

Ele é forte como um leão. (Comparison) / Ele gosta de animais, por exemplo, leões. (Illustration)

por exemplo vs tais como

Both introduce examples.

'Tais como' is more formal and usually introduces a list of multiple items.

Frutas tais como uva, maçã e pera.

por exemplo vs nomeadamente

Both introduce examples.

'Nomeadamente' is more formal and highlights specific, important examples within a group.

Todos vieram, nomeadamente o diretor.

por exemplo vs a saber

Both introduce details.

'A saber' introduces an exhaustive list of all items, not just a few examples.

As cores da bandeira, a saber: verde e amarelo.

por exemplo vs tipo

Used as 'for example' in slang.

'Tipo' is very informal and should be avoided in writing or professional settings.

Ele é, tipo, muito chato.

Sentence Patterns

[Category], por exemplo, [Item].

Frutas, por exemplo, maçã.

Por exemplo, se [Condition], [Result].

Por exemplo, se chover, não vamos.

[Subject], [Verb], [Object], [Item] por exemplo.

Eu como de tudo, carne por exemplo.

[Subject], por exemplo, [Item], [Verb] [Object].

Muitos países, por exemplo o Brasil, exportam café.

Poderíamos citar, por exemplo, [Concept].

Poderíamos citar, por exemplo, a liberdade.

A [Noun], por exemplo [Noun], [Verb] [Adverb].

A arte, por exemplo a pintura, evolui constantemente.

[Verb] [Object], por exemplo, [Verb] [Object].

Gosto de viajar, por exemplo, visitar museus.

Existem [Noun], por exemplo, [Noun] e [Noun].

Existem cores, por exemplo, azul e verde.

Word Family

Nouns

Verbs

Adjectives

How to Use It

frequency

Extremely high in all forms of Portuguese.

Common Mistakes

para exemplo → por exemplo
Using 'para' instead of 'por' is a literal translation of 'for' from English. In Portuguese, the fixed phrase uses 'por'.
por exemplos → por exemplo
Learners often try to pluralize the phrase when giving multiple examples. The phrase remains singular.
Gosto de frutas por exemplo maçãs. → Gosto de frutas, por exemplo, maçãs.
Forgetting the commas makes the sentence grammatically incorrect and harder to read.
como por exemplo → por exemplo (or) como
While common in speech, using both together is redundant in formal writing.
Pronouncing 'exemplo' with a 'ks' sound. → Pronouncing it with a 'z' sound.
The 'x' between vowels in this word always takes the 'z' sound in Portuguese.

Tips

Comma Rule

Always remember to put commas around 'por exemplo' in the middle of a sentence. It helps the reader identify it as an extra piece of information.

Avoid 'Para'

Never say 'para exemplo'. It's a literal translation from English that doesn't work in Portuguese. Stick with 'por'.

The 'Z' Sound

The 'x' in 'exemplo' is pronounced like a 'z'. Practice saying 'ee-ZEM-ploo' to sound more native.

Formal Alternatives

In formal essays, try using 'tais como' or 'nomeadamente' to avoid repeating 'por exemplo' too many times.

Listen for the Pause

Native speakers usually pause slightly before saying the phrase. This pause is your cue that an example is coming.

Universal Phrase

This phrase works everywhere Portuguese is spoken. You don't need to learn regional variations for it.

Hypotheticals

Use 'por exemplo' to introduce 'what if' scenarios. 'Por exemplo, se ganhássemos a loteria...'

Poor Example

Remember the sound 'Poor' to remember 'Por'. It's a 'Poor' way to remember a 'Good' phrase!

Placement

Try placing it at the end of a sentence for a more casual, conversational feel.

Clarification

If someone looks confused, immediately follow up with 'por exemplo' and a specific case. It's the best way to clear up misunderstandings.

Memorize It

Mnemonic

Think of 'Poor Example'. Even though it's not poor, the 'Por' sounds like 'Poor'. 'Poor Example' helps you remember 'Por Exemplo'.

Visual Association

Imagine a large box of assorted fruits, and someone pulling out one single apple to show you. That apple is the 'exemplo' taken 'por' (by) the hand.

Word Web

exemplo por como ilustração caso fato detalhe amostra

Challenge

Try to write five sentences about your favorite things, using 'por exemplo' in a different position (start, middle, end) in each one.

Word Origin

From the Latin 'per exemplum'. 'Per' (through/by) and 'exemplum' (sample/pattern).

Original meaning: By way of a sample or pattern.

Romance (Latin origin).

Cultural Context

None. It is a neutral, safe phrase.

It maps perfectly to 'for example'. No cultural translation issues.

Used extensively in the sermons of Padre Antônio Vieira. Common in the pedagogical writings of Paulo Freire. Found in almost every Portuguese news broadcast.

Practice in Real Life

Real-World Contexts

Classroom

Pode dar um exemplo?
Por exemplo, nesta frase...
Vejam este exemplo.
Um exemplo de verbo...

Restaurant

Tem pratos vegetarianos, por exemplo?
O que tem no prato, por exemplo?
Peixe, por exemplo, o bacalhau.
Frutas, por exemplo, laranja.

Business Meeting

Por exemplo, nossa meta é...
Cito, por exemplo, o lucro.
Vejamos o exemplo da concorrência.
Um exemplo prático seria...

Travel

Lugares para visitar, por exemplo...
Transporte, por exemplo, o metrô.
Cidades, por exemplo, Lisboa.
Hotéis, por exemplo, este aqui.

Shopping

Outras cores, por exemplo, azul?
Tamanhos, por exemplo, o M.
Marcas, por exemplo, a Nike.
Preços, por exemplo, até 50 euros.

Conversation Starters

"Quais são os seus hobbies, por exemplo, você gosta de ler?"

"Que tipo de música você ouve, por exemplo, rock ou pop?"

"Onde você gostaria de viajar, por exemplo, para a Europa?"

"O que você gosta de comer no café da manhã, por exemplo, pão?"

"Quais filmes você recomenda, por exemplo, algum de ação?"

Journal Prompts

Escreva sobre três coisas que você fez hoje, por exemplo, o que você comeu.

Descreva seus planos para o futuro, por exemplo, onde você quer morar.

Fale sobre seus amigos, por exemplo, o que vocês fazem juntos.

Escreva sobre os benefícios de aprender português, por exemplo, viajar.

Descreva sua cidade, por exemplo, os lugares que você mais gosta.

Frequently Asked Questions

10 questions

Yes, the phrase 'por exemplo' is a fixed adverbial locution and never changes to plural, even if you are listing many things. You would say 'muitos países, por exemplo, o Brasil e a França', not 'por exemplos'.

In written Portuguese, yes, you should almost always use commas to set off 'por exemplo'. If it's in the middle of a sentence, put a comma before and after it. If it's at the end, put one before it. This follows the same logic as 'for example' in English.

No, 'para exemplo' is incorrect. Although 'for' often translates to 'para', in this specific fixed phrase, the correct preposition is always 'por'. Using 'para' is a common mistake for English speakers.

'Por exemplo' is more formal and explicit about giving an illustration. 'Como' is more casual and versatile, often used for both examples and comparisons. In formal writing, 'por exemplo' is usually preferred for clarity.

Technically, yes, it is redundant because both words serve the same purpose. However, it is extremely common in spoken Portuguese. In formal writing, it is better to use just one or the other.

The most common abbreviation is 'p. ex.', which is the equivalent of 'e.g.' in English. You will see this often in textbooks and formal documents.

The stress is on the second syllable: e-XEM-plo. Make sure to emphasize that middle part and keep the final 'o' short and soft.

Yes, it can. When it starts a sentence, it usually refers back to the previous sentence and provides a specific case to illustrate the point just made. For example: 'A vida é difícil. Por exemplo, ontem perdi meu emprego.'

Yes, it is used identically in all Portuguese-speaking countries. It is one of the most stable and universal phrases in the language.

Yes, you can use it to give examples of actions. For example: 'Você pode ajudar, por exemplo, limpando a mesa.'