The word 'sestra' functions as both a kinship term for sister and a professional title for a nurse.
30초 단어
- Sestra means a female sibling in Slovenian language.
- It is also the standard term for a female nurse.
- Do not confuse it with 'sestrična', which means female cousin.
Pregled
Beseda 'sestra' je eden temeljnih samostalnikov v slovenščini, ki označuje žensko osebo v neposrednem sorodstvenem razmerju. Kot beseda na stopnji A1 je ključna za opisovanje družine in osebnih odnosov. Pomeni žensko bitje, ki ima iste starše kot govorec ali tretja oseba. Je beseda ženskega spola, ki se v jeziku uporablja vsakodnevno in nima slabšalnega prizvoka. 2) Vzorci uporabe: V slovenščini se 'sestra' sklanja po prvi ženski sklanjatvi na -a. To pomeni: sestra (imenovalnik), sestre (rodilnik), sestri (dajalnik), sestro (tožilnik), o sestri (mestnik) in s sestro (orodnik). Posebnost slovenščine je dvojina, zato za dve sestri rečemo 'dve sestri', za tri ali več pa 'sestre'. Pogosto jo spremljajo pridevniki, ki določajo starostno razmerje, kot sta 'starejša' (older) ali 'mlajša' (younger). 3) Pogosti konteksti: Beseda se uporablja v treh glavnih okoljih. Prvo je družinsko, kjer označuje sorodnico. Drugo je poklicno zdravstveno okolje; v Sloveniji je popolnoma običajno, da pacienti medicinsko sestro pokličejo preprosto 'sestra', kar velja za vljudno in uveljavljeno obliko ogovora. Tretji kontekst je verski, kjer 'sestra' označuje nuno ali članico samostanske skupnosti, pogosto v kombinaciji z redovnim imenom. 4) Primerjava s podobnimi besedami: Začetniki pogosto zamenjujejo besedo 'sestra' z besedo 'sestrična'. V slovenščini je razlika stroga: sestra je 'sister', sestrična pa je 'female cousin' (hči strica ali tete). Druga pomembna razlika je med 'rodno sestro' in 'polsestro', kjer slednja označuje sorodstvo le po enem staršu. Za izražanje naklonjenosti se uporablja pomanjševalnica 'sestrica', ki je zelo pogosta v otroški literaturi in pesmih.
예시
Moja sestra ima dolge lase.
everydayMy sister has long hair.
Gospa sestra, ali lahko dobim kozarec vode?
formalNurse, can I have a glass of water?
Ej, sestra, si videla mojo majico?
informalHey sis, have you seen my shirt?
Vloga sestre v družini se je skozi zgodovino spreminjala.
academicThe role of the sister in the family has changed throughout history.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
usmiljena sestra
sister of mercy
glavna sestra
head nurse
자주 혼동되는 단어
Sestrična is a female cousin (daughter of an aunt/uncle), while sestra is a female sibling.
Svakinja is a sister-in-law, not a biological sister.
문법 패턴
How to Use It
사용 참고사항
The word 'sestra' is neutral in register. In healthcare, it is the standard way to address female nursing staff. In a religious context, it is used for nuns, often capitalized as 'Sestra'.
자주 하는 실수
English speakers often use 'sestra' for cousins because of the broader use of 'sister' in some dialects. Always use 'sestrična' for cousins. Another mistake is forgetting the dual form 'sestri' for exactly two sisters.
Tips
Use adjectives for age distinction
Always specify 'mlajša sestra' (younger) or 'starejša sestra' (older) to be precise about family hierarchy.
Avoid the common cousin confusion
Many English speakers accidentally use 'sestra' for cousins. In Slovenian, 'sestra' is strictly for siblings.
Addressing nurses in Slovenia
In Slovenian hospitals, it is polite to address a nurse simply as 'sestra' followed by her name if known.
어원
Derived from Proto-Slavic *sestra, which comes from the Proto-Indo-European root *swésōr.
문화적 맥락
Family is highly valued in Slovenia, and the bond between siblings (sestrstvo/bratstvo) is often celebrated in folk music and literature.
암기 팁
Think of the English word 'sister' or German 'Schwester'; they all share the same Indo-European root and sound very similar.
자주 묻는 질문
4 질문Uporabimo izraz 'medicinska sestra' ali pogovorno le 'sestra'. To je standarden izraz v zdravstvu.
Sestra je vaša rodna sestra (sister), sestrična pa je hči vašega strica ali tete (cousin).
Zaradi dvojine rečemo 'dve sestri'. Končnica se spremeni iz -a v -i.
Beseda je nevtralna in se uporablja tako v formalnih kot neformalnih situacijah.
셀프 테스트
Moja ___ je stara osem let.
V imenovalniku ednine uporabimo osnovno obliko 'sestra'.
Izberi pravilen poklic:
Medicinska sestra je poklic osebe, ki pomaga zdravniku.
sestra / moja / v / dela / šoli
Standardni besedni red v slovenščini je osebek, povedek in nato prislovno določilo.
점수: /3
Summary
The word 'sestra' functions as both a kinship term for sister and a professional title for a nurse.
- Sestra means a female sibling in Slovenian language.
- It is also the standard term for a female nurse.
- Do not confuse it with 'sestrična', which means female cousin.
Use adjectives for age distinction
Always specify 'mlajša sestra' (younger) or 'starejša sestra' (older) to be precise about family hierarchy.
Avoid the common cousin confusion
Many English speakers accidentally use 'sestra' for cousins. In Slovenian, 'sestra' is strictly for siblings.
Addressing nurses in Slovenia
In Slovenian hospitals, it is polite to address a nurse simply as 'sestra' followed by her name if known.
예시
4 / 4Moja sestra ima dolge lase.
My sister has long hair.
Gospa sestra, ali lahko dobim kozarec vode?
Nurse, can I have a glass of water?
Ej, sestra, si videla mojo majico?
Hey sis, have you seen my shirt?
Vloga sestre v družini se je skozi zgodovino spreminjala.
The role of the sister in the family has changed throughout history.
