Velik is the essential Slovenian adjective for expressing size, scale, and significance.
Wort in 30 Sekunden
- Describes physical size or abstract importance of objects and people.
- Must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun.
- Often used colloquially to describe a person's height.
Overview
Velik je eden najpogosteje uporabljenih pridevnikov v slovenskem jeziku in spada v osnovni besedni zaklad (A1). Njegova primarna funkcija je določanje fizične velikosti predmetov, bitij ali prostorov, ki presegajo običajna merila. Vendar pa njegova uporaba sega daleč prek zgolj fizičnega opisa, saj ga pogosto uporabljamo v prenesenem pomenu za izražanje pomembnosti, intenzivnosti ali stopnje določenega pojava. Pridevnik se v slovenščini sklanja in spreminja glede na spol, število in sklon samostalnika, ki ga določa. Za moški spol uporabimo obliko 'velik' (npr. velik pes), za ženski spol 'velika' (npr. velika hiša) in za srednji spol 'veliko' (npr. veliko okno). V množini se oblike spremenijo v 'veliki', 'velike' in 'velika'. Posebnost je stopnjevanje: osnovnik je 'velik', primernik 'večji' in presežnik 'največji'. Zanimivo je, da se v pogovornem jeziku 'velik' pogosto uporablja namesto besede 'visok', ko govorimo o telesni višini ljudi. Najpogosteje ga uporabljamo v vsakdanjih situacijah za opisovanje predmetov ali prostorov. Pogost je tudi v kontekstu čustev ali dogodkov, kjer poudari njihovo moč (npr. veliko veselje, velik strah). V poslovnem ali formalnem okolju ga srečamo pri opisovanju dosežkov (npr. velik uspeh) ali težav (npr. velik izziv). Čeprav je 'velik' splošen izraz, imamo v slovenščini več sinonimov, ki dodajo specifičen odtenek. 'Ogromen' ali 'velikanski' uporabimo, ko je nekaj izjemno veliko, skoraj nepredstavljivo. 'Obsežen' se uporablja za stvari, ki zavzemajo veliko površino ali vključujejo veliko vsebine (npr. obsežna knjiga). 'Visok' se primarno nanaša na vertikalno razsežnost, vendar se v določenih kontekstih prekriva z besedo 'velik'. Nasprotje besedi 'velik' je 'majhen'.
Beispiele
Imam velik avto.
everydayI have a big car.
To je velik dosežek za našo ekipo.
formalThis is a great achievement for our team.
Danes je velik dan!
informalToday is a big day!
Raziskava je pokazala velik vpliv na okolje.
academicThe research showed a large impact on the environment.
Häufige Kollokationen
Häufige Phrasen
Velika noč
Easter
velika začetnica
capital letter
na veliko
on a large scale
Wird oft verwechselt mit
Visok specifically means 'tall' or 'high', while 'velik' is more general for 'big'. However, they are often used interchangeably for people's height.
Debel means 'fat' or 'thick'. Beginners sometimes use 'velik' when they want to describe someone's girth.
Grammatikmuster
How to Use It
Nutzungshinweise
The word 'velik' is neutral and suitable for all social settings. In informal spoken Slovenian, it is almost exclusively used for human height instead of 'visok'. In formal writing, it is used to quantify importance or scale.
Häufige Fehler
The most common error is failing to match the adjective ending with the noun's gender (e.g., saying 'velik hiša' instead of 'velika hiša'). Another error is using it to translate 'old' when referring to age, which is a direct carryover from English 'grown up'.
Tips
Always match the noun's gender
Remember to change the ending: velik (m), velika (f), veliko (n). Forgetting this is a common beginner mistake.
Distinguish between 'veliko' as adjective and adverb
As an adjective, it means 'large' (neuter). As an adverb, it means 'a lot' or 'much' and does not change its form.
Size implies importance in idioms
Being a 'velik človek' (big person) usually refers to someone's great character or historical significance, not just their physical size.
Wortherkunft
Derived from Proto-Slavic *velikъ, which originally meant 'strong' or 'powerful', later evolving to denote physical size.
Kultureller Kontext
In Slovenia, 'Velika noč' (Easter) is the most significant religious holiday, literally meaning 'The Big Night'. Size often equates to social standing in older idioms.
Merkhilfe
Associate the 'V' in 'Velik' with 'Vast'. A vast space is a 'velik' space.
Häufig gestellte Fragen
4 FragenDa, v slovenščini pogosto rečemo 'On je velik', ko mislimo, da je nekdo visok. Čeprav je 'visok' bolj natančen izraz, je 'velik' v tem kontekstu povsem običajen.
'Velik' je pridevnik za moški spol (velik pes), 'veliko' pa je oblika za srednji spol (veliko mesto) ali pa prislov, ki pomeni 'a lot' (veliko spim).
Stopnjevanje je nepravilno. Osnovnik je 'velik', primernik je 'večji' (bigger) in presežnik je 'največji' (the biggest).
Ne, za starost uporabljamo pridevnik 'star'. Vendar pa otroci pogosto rečejo 'ko bom velik', kar pomeni 'ko bom odrasel'.
Teste dich selbst
Ljubljana je ___ mesto.
Samostalnik 'mesto' je srednjega spola, zato pridevnik dobi končnico -o.
Kaj je antonim besede 'velik'?
'Majhen' pomeni 'small', kar je neposredno nasprotje besedi 'velik'.
zelo / tista / velika / hiša / je
Slovenian neutral word order typically follows Subject + Verb + Adverb + Adjective.
Ergebnis: /3
Summary
Velik is the essential Slovenian adjective for expressing size, scale, and significance.
- Describes physical size or abstract importance of objects and people.
- Must agree in gender, number, and case with the noun.
- Often used colloquially to describe a person's height.
Always match the noun's gender
Remember to change the ending: velik (m), velika (f), veliko (n). Forgetting this is a common beginner mistake.
Distinguish between 'veliko' as adjective and adverb
As an adjective, it means 'large' (neuter). As an adverb, it means 'a lot' or 'much' and does not change its form.
Size implies importance in idioms
Being a 'velik človek' (big person) usually refers to someone's great character or historical significance, not just their physical size.
Beispiele
4 von 4Imam velik avto.
I have a big car.
To je velik dosežek za našo ekipo.
This is a great achievement for our team.
Danes je velik dan!
Today is a big day!
Raziskava je pokazala velik vpliv na okolje.
The research showed a large impact on the environment.
