“核准” signifies a formal, authoritative approval following a rigorous review process, essential for official documents, projects, and regulatory decisions in Chinese-speaking contexts.
Word in 30 Seconds
- “核准” means to officially approve or sanction after careful, formal review.
- Primarily used in formal, official, and written contexts like government decrees or business approvals.
- Highly formal register; inappropriate for casual conversation or social media interactions.
- Common mistake: Confusing it with “批准” (pīzhǔn); “核准” implies stricter, official scrutiny.
- Reflects bureaucratic processes and the importance of official endorsement in Chinese culture.
概述 — 意义、细微差别、情感分量
“核准”的核心意义是“审查并批准”，即上级或有权机构在审阅下级或相关方的提议、申请、计划或报告后，给予正式的、具有法律效力的同意。它不仅仅是简单的“同意”，更强调“经过严格审查”和“正式认可”的过程。与“批准”相比，“核准”更侧重于审核过程的严谨性、合规性以及最终决定的权威性。它通常涉及对文件、数据、资质等进行详细核对，确保符合所有规定或标准。例如，政府对某项大型工程的“核准”会涉及环保、规划、资金、安全等多个维度的全面审查。这个词语本身是中性的，不带有强烈的情感色彩。但在被核准方看来，获得“核准”意味着其努力得到认可，计划得以实施，这会带来积极的情绪；对于核准方而言，则体现其职责和权力。在官方语境中，它传达出严肃、正式、负责任的态度，强调决策的合法性和正当性。
使用模式 — 正式/非正式、书面/口语、地域使用
“核准”是一个高度正式的词语，几乎完全用于正式语境。在日常口语交流中极少使用，人们更倾向于用“同意”、“批准”、“行”等更口语化的词。例如，朋友之间不会说“我核准你的计划”，而会说“我同意你的计划”。它主要用于书面语，尤其是在公文、法律文件、规章制度、商业合同、新闻报道、学术论文等。在口语中，即便在正式场合，也常被“批准”或“通过”取代，因为“核准”听起来更具官方色彩和书面感。在中国大陆、香港、澳门、台湾等华语地区，“核准”的用法和意义基本一致，没有显著的地域差异。它是一个标准化的官方用语，在行政管理和法律条文中普遍使用。
常见语境 — 工作、旅行、媒体、文学、社交媒体
在工作语境中，特别是在企业、政府部门和各类机构中，“核准”是高频词。例如，项目核准、预算核准、人事任免核准、资质核准、上市申请核准等。它代表了决策链条中的关键环节，是推进各项工作的前提。在旅行方面，涉及国际旅行或特殊旅行许可时可能会出现，例如“签证核准”、“出入境许可核准”，但更多时候会用“批准”。在媒体报道中，常用于描述政府部门或大型机构的重大决策，如“国家发展改革委核准某重大工程项目”、“证监会核准某公司IPO申请”，以体现新闻的权威性和事件的重要性。在文学作品中，尤其是在严肃文学或历史题材作品中，可能用于描绘官僚体系的运作或历史事件中的决策过程，但相对不常见，因为它缺乏文学色彩和情感表达。在社交媒体上，“核准”极少出现，因为其正式性与社交媒体的轻松、非正式氛围格格不入。如果出现，通常是引用官方新闻或文件内容，而非用户自行使用。
与近义词比较 — 如何区分
- 批准 (pīzhǔn): “批准”是“核准”最接近的近义词，两者在很多情况下可以互换。但“批准”的范围更广，既可以指上级对下级的同意，也可以指一般性的许可，强调的是“准许”这个结果。而“核准”则更强调“核对、审查”的过程，以及在此基础上做出的“准许”决定。它通常涉及更严格的审查程序和更高级别的授权。例如，领导可以“批准”你的请假，但这通常不涉及严格的“核对”；而国家“核准”一项投资计划，则必然经过多部门的严格审查。可以说“批准某项申请”，也可以说“核准某项申请”，但“核准”听起来更正式、更严谨、更具法律效力。
- 同意 (tóngyì): “同意”是最普通的表示“赞成”的词，可以是口头的、非正式的，也可以是书面的，但它不带有“审查”或“授权”的意味，仅仅是表示意见上的一致。而“核准”是带有权力色彩的正式同意，是经过审查后的权威性许可。例如，你可以“同意”朋友的建议，但不会“核准”他的建议。
- 许可 (xǔkě): “许可”强调的是“允许做某事”，通常指一般性的授权或准许，不一定经过严格的审查。例如，获得驾驶“许可”通常只需通过考试。而“核准”则是在严格审查、符合各项标准后的正式准许。例如，新药上市需要获得国家药监局的“核准”，这涉及大量的临床数据审查。
- 审批 (shěnpī): “审批”是一个动词词组，强调“审查”和“批准”这两个动作的结合，与“核准”的含义非常接近，有时可以互换。但“审批”可能更强调整个流程，包括中间的审查环节和多个部门的会签。而“核准”则更侧重于最终的、具有法律效力的“准许”决定。例如，可以说“项目正在审批中”（强调过程），但通常说“项目已核准”（强调结果）。
语域与语调 — 何时使用，何时避免
“核准”的使用时机非常明确：在政府公文、法律文件、企业规章、重大项目批复、资质认证、金融交易、学术科研项目申报等正式、严肃的场合。它适用于需要强调权威性、程序严谨性和法律效力的语境。例如，公司章程的修改需要股东大会“核准”，政府预算需要人大“核准”。应避免在日常口语交流、私人信件、非正式的商业沟通、社交媒体、文学创作（除非特意营造官僚气氛）中使用“核准”。在这些场合使用“核准”会显得过于生硬、不自然，甚至令人觉得故作姿态。例如，你不会对同事说“我核准了你的午餐计划”，而会说“我同意你的午餐计划”。
搭配与语境 — 常用词语搭配及解释
- 核准项目/计划/方案: 指对某个具体工程、研发计划或实施方案进行审查并批准。例：政府已核准了这项环保项目，预计明年启动。（强调政府对具体项目的审查和认可）
- 核准预算/报告: 对财务预算或工作报告进行审查并同意。例：董事会经过讨论，最终核准了公司的年度预算报告。（体现对财务计划的正式认可）
- 核准申请/请求: 对个人或机构提出的申请或请求进行审查并予以批准。例：移民局核准了他的签证申请，他可以合法入境了。（强调对个人请求的官方审查和许可）
- 核准文件/批文: 指对提交的正式文件或上级下发的批复文件进行审核确认。例：所有合同草案都必须经过法务部门核准后才能生效。（强调法律文件的正式生效流程）
- 经...核准: 表示某事经过了某个机构的正式审查和批准。例：该公司的上市申请已获得证监会核准。（强调权威机构的审查结果）
- 核准通过: 强调审查后获得通过的结果。例：新药的临床试验报告已核准通过，即将进入生产阶段。（强调审查结果是积极的）
Examples
国家发展和改革委员会已核准该地区的新能源项目，预计投资百亿元。
Formal/BusinessThe National Development and Reform Commission has approved the new energy project in the region, with an estimated investment of tens of billions of yuan.
经过严格审查，公司董事会核准了这份年度财务报告。
Business/FormalAfter rigorous review, the company's board of directors approved the annual financial report.
他的移民申请在经过漫长的等待后，终于获得了官方的核准。
Formal/EverydayAfter a long wait, his immigration application finally received official approval.
这项新药的临床试验方案必须经国家药品监督管理局核准方可实施。
Academic/BusinessThe clinical trial protocol for this new drug must be approved by the National Medical Products Administration before it can be implemented.
市政府核准了新的城市规划草案，旨在改善交通拥堵问题。
Formal/GovernmentThe municipal government approved the new urban planning draft, aiming to improve traffic congestion.
在古代，重大决策常需经皇帝核准方能颁布施行。
Literary/HistoricalIn ancient times, major decisions often required the emperor's approval before they could be promulgated and implemented.
尽管团队内部存在争议，最终方案还是获得了高层的核准。
Business/InformalDespite internal team disagreements, the final proposal still received high-level approval.
按照规定，所有涉及资金使用的请示都必须由财务总监核准。
Business/EverydayAccording to regulations, all requests involving the use of funds must be approved by the CFO.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
“核准” is a highly formal verb, almost exclusively used in official, bureaucratic, or legal contexts. It implies a thorough review and authoritative decision-making process. It is predominantly found in written documents such as government decrees, corporate resolutions, and regulatory filings. Avoid using “核准” in casual spoken Chinese, as it would sound stiff and unnatural. For informal situations, “同意” (agree) or “批准” (approve) are more appropriate. There are no significant regional preferences; its formal usage is consistent across Chinese-speaking areas. Do not use it on social media unless quoting an official statement, as its formality clashes with the platform's casual nature.
Common Mistakes
A common mistake is using “核准” interchangeably with “批准” (pīzhǔn) without understanding the nuance; “核准” implies a stricter, more official scrutiny. Another error is applying “核准” to informal situations, leading to register mismatch, like saying 'My friend 核准d my plan.' Learners might also incorrectly translate 'approve' directly without considering the formal context required for “核准.” It's crucial to remember that “核准” is reserved for authoritative bodies granting formal sanction after a review, not general agreement. Avoid using it for personal or everyday approvals, as this would sound unnatural and overly bureaucratic.
Tips
Know when to use '核准'
Use '核准' for official, formal approvals, especially in government, legal, or corporate documents. It implies a rigorous review process and carries significant authority. Avoid it in casual conversations or informal writing, where simpler alternatives are preferred.
Don't use '核准' casually
Using '核准' in everyday speech or informal contexts sounds unnatural and overly bureaucratic. Stick to simpler words like '同意' (agree) or '批准' (approve) for most situations. For instance, '我同意你的建议' (I agree with your suggestion) is natural, not '我核准你的建议'.
Understand official Chinese processes
'核准' reflects the importance of formal procedures and official endorsement in Chinese culture, particularly within government and large organizations. It signifies legitimacy, compliance with established rules, and a hierarchical decision-making structure. It's a key term in administrative language.
Distinguish from '批准' (pīzhǔn)
While both mean 'approve,' '核准' implies a more stringent, official, and often legally binding review and approval process by an authoritative body. Think 'sanction' or 'ratify' for '核准,' versus a more general 'approve' for '批准.' '核准' emphasizes the thorough checking ('核') before permission ('准').
Word Origin
The word “核准” is a compound verb in Chinese. “核” (hé) originally meant the pit of a fruit, but its meaning extended to 'to examine,' 'to verify,' or 'to check.' “准” (zhǔn) means 'to allow,' 'to permit,' or 'standard.' Thus, “核准” literally means 'to examine and permit.' This combination perfectly reflects its core meaning of formal approval after a careful and thorough review, a meaning that has remained consistent and central in modern Chinese official usage.
Cultural Context
“核准” reflects the hierarchical and bureaucratic nature often present in Chinese-speaking societies, where formal processes and official endorsements are crucial for legitimacy and compliance. It underscores the value placed on order, meticulous review, and top-down decision-making within governmental and corporate structures. In modern usage, especially in business, public administration, and academia, “核准” signifies a rigorous validation process, ensuring adherence to regulations and standards. While less common in social media, its appearance there usually indicates a direct quote from official sources, highlighting its authoritative weight and the importance of official sanction for significant undertakings.
Memory Tip
Imagine a strict 'Judge 核' (hé, like '核准') meticulously reviewing a '准' (zhǔn, meaning accurate/standard) document. He's wearing a stern face, magnifying glass in hand, ensuring everything is perfectly aligned and compliant before he gives his official '核准' stamp. This vivid image emphasizes the rigorous examination and formal, authoritative approval process inherent in the word.
Frequently Asked Questions
10 questions“核准”更侧重于“核对、审查”的过程，以及在此基础上做出的正式、权威的“准许”决定，通常涉及更严格的程序和法律效力。而“批准”的范围更广，可以指一般性的同意或准许，不一定经过严格审查，口语和书面语都可用。简单来说，“核准”比“批准”更正式、更严谨，带有更强的官方色彩。
不常用。“核准”是一个高度正式的书面词语，主要用于公文、法律文件、商业合同等。在日常口语交流中，人们更倾向于使用“同意”、“批准”、“通过”等更口语化的词汇。在口语中使用“核准”会显得过于生硬和不自然，甚至可能让人觉得你故作姿态。
“核准”的语气是严肃、正式且权威的。它表达的是一种经过深思熟虑、符合规定程序的认可和许可，通常由具有相应权限的机构或个人做出。这个词本身不带情感色彩，但它所代表的决策通常具有重要的影响和约束力。
当你需要表达一种经过官方或权威机构审查、具有法律效力的正式许可时，应使用“核准”。例如，政府对项目的认可、董事会对预算的通过。而“同意”只是表示意见上的一致，可以是口头的、非正式的，不涉及审查或授权，适用范围更广。
“核准”通常由具有审批权限的政府部门、企业高层、董事会、专业委员会等权威机构或个人来执行。例如，政府部门核准建设项目，公司董事会核准年度报告，证监会核准股票发行申请。执行核准的主体通常拥有最终决策权和法律责任。
有一些可以表达相反意义的词。例如，“驳回”、“否决”、“拒绝”等，这些词都表示拒绝或不批准某个申请、计划或提议。最直接的否定形式可以是“不予核准”，这在官方语境中也常被使用，表示不给予正式的批准。
“核准”最常见的英文翻译是 "approve" 或 "sanction"。在特定语境下，也可以翻译为 "ratify"（批准，认可）、"authorize"（授权）、"endorse"（认可，支持）等，具体取决于其所指的批准行为的性质和法律效力。选择最准确的翻译需结合具体上下文。
在商业语境中，“核准”常用于项目立项、预算批复、合同签订、资质认证、上市申请、并购重组、公司章程修改等重要环节。它意味着公司内部或外部监管机构对某项商业活动给予了正式的许可和认可，是业务推进的关键一步，确保合规性和合法性。
极少用于个人事务。例如，你不会说“我妈妈核准我出去玩”。但在一些非常正式的个人申请中，如签证申请、移民申请、国家奖学金申请等，如果需要经过严格的官方审查和权威机构的认可，则可能会用到“核准”这个词语。
“审批”是一个动词词组，强调“审查”和“批准”这两个动作的结合，更侧重于整个流程，包括中间的审查环节。而“核准”则更侧重于最终的、具有法律效力的“准许”决定。可以说“项目正在审批中”（强调过程），但通常说“项目已核准”（强调结果）。在很多情况下，两者可以互换，但“核准”听起来更像是一个最终的、盖棺定论的动作。
Test Yourself
公司的年度预算报告已经董事会______。
董事会对年度预算报告的审查和通过，是一个正式且具有权威性的过程，最适合用“核准”，强调其严谨性。虽然“批准”也可以，但“核准”更符合这种正式语境的深度审查。
A. 政府已核准这项重大基础设施建设项目。 B. 朋友们核准了我的周末旅行计划。 C. 证监会核准了这家公司的上市申请。 D. 董事会最终核准了并购方案。
“核准”用于正式、官方场合，强调严格审查和权威性。朋友之间的旅行计划通常用“同意”或“批准”，用“核准”过于正式，不符合语境，显得非常不自然。
(Use "核准" to form a sentence about a company decision.)
这个句子展示了“核准”在公司高层决策中的正式和权威性，强调了经过审查和同意的过程，符合其使用语境。
老师核准了我的作业。
老师对作业的检查和认可，通常用“批改”或“批准”，而不是“核准”。“核准”过于正式，不适用于师生关系，存在语域搭配不当的错误。
Score: /4
Summary
“核准” signifies a formal, authoritative approval following a rigorous review process, essential for official documents, projects, and regulatory decisions in Chinese-speaking contexts.
- “核准” means to officially approve or sanction after careful, formal review.
- Primarily used in formal, official, and written contexts like government decrees or business approvals.
- Highly formal register; inappropriate for casual conversation or social media interactions.
- Common mistake: Confusing it with “批准” (pīzhǔn); “核准” implies stricter, official scrutiny.
- Reflects bureaucratic processes and the importance of official endorsement in Chinese culture.
Know when to use '核准'
Use '核准' for official, formal approvals, especially in government, legal, or corporate documents. It implies a rigorous review process and carries significant authority. Avoid it in casual conversations or informal writing, where simpler alternatives are preferred.
Don't use '核准' casually
Using '核准' in everyday speech or informal contexts sounds unnatural and overly bureaucratic. Stick to simpler words like '同意' (agree) or '批准' (approve) for most situations. For instance, '我同意你的建议' (I agree with your suggestion) is natural, not '我核准你的建议'.
Understand official Chinese processes
'核准' reflects the importance of formal procedures and official endorsement in Chinese culture, particularly within government and large organizations. It signifies legitimacy, compliance with established rules, and a hierarchical decision-making structure. It's a key term in administrative language.
Distinguish from '批准' (pīzhǔn)
While both mean 'approve,' '核准' implies a more stringent, official, and often legally binding review and approval process by an authoritative body. Think 'sanction' or 'ratify' for '核准,' versus a more general 'approve' for '批准.' '核准' emphasizes the thorough checking ('核') before permission ('准').
Examples
6 of 8国家发展和改革委员会已核准该地区的新能源项目，预计投资百亿元。
The National Development and Reform Commission has approved the new energy project in the region, with an estimated investment of tens of billions of yuan.
经过严格审查，公司董事会核准了这份年度财务报告。
After rigorous review, the company's board of directors approved the annual financial report.
他的移民申请在经过漫长的等待后，终于获得了官方的核准。
After a long wait, his immigration application finally received official approval.
这项新药的临床试验方案必须经国家药品监督管理局核准方可实施。
The clinical trial protocol for this new drug must be approved by the National Medical Products Administration before it can be implemented.
市政府核准了新的城市规划草案，旨在改善交通拥堵问题。
The municipal government approved the new urban planning draft, aiming to improve traffic congestion.
在古代，重大决策常需经皇帝核准方能颁布施行。
In ancient times, major decisions often required the emperor's approval before they could be promulgated and implemented.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
More work words
充裕的
B2Abundant, ample, or sufficient in quantity.
事故
A2accident; mishap
依照
A2According to; in accordance with.
准确地
A2accurately, precisely
做到
A2to achieve; to accomplish
积极地
A2actively; enthusiastically
应变
B2Adaptive; capable of dealing with emergencies.
行政
A2Administration; the management of affairs.
过后
A2Afterwards; at a later or subsequent time.
赞同
A2To approve of, to endorse; to agree with or support.
