Glass is a common, transparent, and fragile material used in countless everyday objects.
Word in 30 Seconds
- Transparent, brittle material, often made from sand.
- Used for windows, cups, mirrors, and more.
- Commonly found in homes and buildings.
Overview
玻璃（bōli）是一个在日常生活中非常常见的词语，指的是一种非晶质的固体物质，通常是透明的，并且比较易碎。它最常见的成分是二氧化硅，也就是沙子，经过高温熔化冷却后形成。玻璃的性质使其用途非常广泛，从建筑到家居用品，再到科学仪器，都能看到它的身影。
作为名词，'玻璃' 可以指代材料本身，也可以指代用玻璃制成的物品。例如，'窗户是玻璃做的' 指的是材料，而 '打碎了一个玻璃' 指的是用玻璃制成的杯子或碗等物品。它经常与表示形状、透明度、易碎性或用途的形容词一起使用，例如 '透明玻璃'、'碎玻璃'、'玻璃杯'、'玻璃瓶'。
在日常对话中，'玻璃' 经常出现在与家居、建筑、餐饮和交通相关的语境中。例如，人们会谈论 '擦玻璃'、'更换玻璃'、'打碎玻璃'、'玻璃门'、'玻璃杯'、'玻璃瓶'、'汽车的挡风玻璃' 等。在商店里，'玻璃制品' 是一个常见的商品类别。
与 '玻璃' 类似的词语不多，但可以区分一下：
- 水晶 (shuǐjīng)：通常指天然形成的水晶石，具有晶莹剔透的特性，也指一种高质量的、含铅的玻璃，比普通玻璃更亮、更重，常用于制作高档酒杯或装饰品。
- 塑料 (sùliào)：指人造的高分子聚合物，很多塑料制品可以模仿玻璃的外观，但质感、透明度和易碎性与玻璃不同。例如，'塑料杯' 和 '玻璃杯' 是两种不同的物品。
- 镜子 (jìngzi)：特指用于反射影像的玻璃制品，表面涂有反光层。镜子是玻璃的一种特殊应用。
Examples
请小心，这个杯子是易碎的玻璃制品。
everydayPlease be careful, this cup is a fragile glass product.
建筑物的窗户大多采用钢化玻璃，以提高安全性。
formalMost windows in buildings use tempered glass to enhance safety.
哎呀，我把桌子上的玻璃杯打碎了！
informalOh no, I broke the glass on the table!
光学实验中需要使用高纯度石英玻璃制成的试管。
academicTest tubes made of high-purity quartz glass are required for optical experiments.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
打碎玻璃
to break glass
擦玻璃
to clean glass
玻璃制品
glassware / glass products
Often Confused With
While 'shuǐjīng' can refer to natural crystals, it also denotes lead glass, a type of glass with added lead oxide that makes it sparkle more and heavier than regular glass. Ordinary 'bōli' is the general term for glass.
Plastic ('sùliào') is a synthetic material, often lighter and less brittle than glass. While some plastics can be transparent, they have a different feel and appearance compared to glass.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
Glass (玻璃) is a very common noun used in everyday contexts. It can refer to the material itself or to an object made from it. Be mindful of context to understand if someone is talking about the substance or a specific item like a glass cup.
Common Mistakes
Learners might sometimes confuse 'bōli' with 'shuǐjīng' (crystal/lead glass) when referring to high-quality glassware. Also, ensure you use the correct measure word, often '个' (ge) for individual glass items.
Tips
Identify glass objects
Look around your home for common glass items like windows, drinking glasses, mirrors, and light bulbs.
Handle with care
Remember that glass is fragile and can break easily, potentially causing cuts. Always handle glass objects carefully.
Symbolism of glass
In some cultures, clear glass can symbolize clarity and transparency, while broken glass might represent bad luck or a need for caution.
Word Origin
The word '玻璃' (bōli) has ancient origins, possibly related to Sanskrit words for crystal or glass. Its current form has been used for centuries in Chinese to describe this versatile material.
Cultural Context
In Chinese culture, intact glass items, especially windows, can symbolize good fortune and a clear future. Conversely, breaking glass might be seen as a bad omen, requiring rituals to ward off misfortune.
Memory Tip
Imagine a 'boiling' pot of sand (sounds like 'bōli') turning into smooth, clear glass. Think of 'bōli' as the 'body' of a window or a glass.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions玻璃是一种由沙子等高温熔化制成的无定形固体，通常透明且易碎。塑料是人造聚合物，种类繁多，有些透明，但质感和耐久性与玻璃不同。
玻璃的分子结构没有规则的晶格排列，使得其内部存在微小的裂痕和缺陷。在受到冲击时，这些裂痕会迅速扩展，导致玻璃破碎。
玻璃用途非常广泛，包括制作镜子、灯泡、显示屏（如手机和电视）、光学透镜、实验室器皿、建筑材料（如玻璃幕墙）以及各种装饰品。
处理碎玻璃时一定要非常小心。最好戴上厚手套，用扫帚和簸箕收集较大的碎片，然后用湿纸巾或胶带粘起细小的玻璃渣。将收集的碎玻璃放在不易破损的容器中，并明确标记，以免伤到他人。
Test Yourself
这个杯子是______做的。
根据句意，杯子通常是用玻璃、陶瓷或塑料制作的。在选项中，'玻璃'是最合适的答案。
关于玻璃，下列说法哪个是错误的？
玻璃的特性是透明但易碎，选项 B 描述错误。
词语：我、打碎、一个、玻璃
这是一个描述过去发生的简单事件的句子，主语+谓语+宾语结构，并且量词'一个'放在名词'玻璃'前面。
Score: /3
Summary
Glass is a common, transparent, and fragile material used in countless everyday objects.
- Transparent, brittle material, often made from sand.
- Used for windows, cups, mirrors, and more.
- Commonly found in homes and buildings.
Identify glass objects
Look around your home for common glass items like windows, drinking glasses, mirrors, and light bulbs.
Handle with care
Remember that glass is fragile and can break easily, potentially causing cuts. Always handle glass objects carefully.
Symbolism of glass
In some cultures, clear glass can symbolize clarity and transparency, while broken glass might represent bad luck or a need for caution.
Examples
4 of 4请小心，这个杯子是易碎的玻璃制品。
Please be careful, this cup is a fragile glass product.
建筑物的窗户大多采用钢化玻璃，以提高安全性。
Most windows in buildings use tempered glass to enhance safety.
哎呀，我把桌子上的玻璃杯打碎了！
Oh no, I broke the glass on the table!
光学实验中需要使用高纯度石英玻璃制成的试管。
Test tubes made of high-purity quartz glass are required for optical experiments.
