A sense of moral burden resulting from the belief that one has done something wrong.
Word in 30 Seconds
- A psychological state of self-reproach for perceived moral failures.
- Often involves a desire to make amends for one's actions.
- Commonly used in psychology, literature, and interpersonal relationship contexts.
Overview
- 1概述：‘负罪感’（Guilt）是一种高级的道德情感，它源于个体的自我反省能力。当一个人认为自己对某种负面结果负有责任，或者未能达到理想的自我标准时，这种心理负担便会产生。2) 用法模式：该词常作为及物动词‘产生’、‘充满’、‘减轻’或‘摆脱’的宾语。它既可以描述对具体事件的反应，也可以描述一种长期的心理状态。3) 常见语境：在心理学讨论中，它被视为一种社会调控机制，促使人们遵守规范；在文学作品中，它常被用来刻画角色的内心挣扎；在日常生活中，多用于表达对他人的亏欠感，如因工作繁忙无法陪伴家人而产生的负罪感。4) 词义辨析：‘负罪感’与‘内疚’（Nèijiù）语义接近，但‘负罪感’程度通常更重，有时带有法律或宗教色彩的‘罪’（Sin/Crime）的暗示；而‘羞耻感’（Shame）更多关注他人对自己的看法，‘负罪感’则更侧重于内心的自我审判。
Examples
我因为没时间陪孩子而感到深深的负罪感。
everydayI feel a deep sense of guilt for not having time to spend with my children.
幸存者往往会产生一种莫名的负罪感。
formalSurvivors often develop an inexplicable sense of guilt.
别再用那种眼神看我了，这让我很有负罪感。
informalStop looking at me like that; it's making me feel guilty.
适度的负罪感被认为是道德发展的必要组成部分。
academicA moderate sense of guilt is considered a necessary component of moral development.
Common Collocations
Common Phrases
幸存者负罪感
survivor guilt
深陷负罪感
deeply mired in guilt
Often Confused With
Neijiu is more common in daily conversation for minor regrets, while Fuzuigan is heavier and more formal.
Shame (Xiuchigan) is about feeling bad about *who you are* in the eyes of others, while Guilt (Fuzuigan) is about feeling bad about *what you did*.
Grammar Patterns
How to Use It
Usage Notes
The word is neutral to formal. It is frequently used in psychological counseling, self-help books, and dramatic literature. In casual speech, people might prefer '内疚' (nèijiù) unless they want to emphasize the weight of their regret.
Common Mistakes
Do not use '负罪感' to mean 'being guilty of a crime' in a legal sense (that would be '有罪'). Also, avoid using it for trivial things like dropping a spoon; '不好意思' or '抱歉' is sufficient there.
Tips
Pairing with verbs of movement
Use verbs like '摆脱' (bǎituō - break free) or '背负' (bēifù - carry) to give the abstract noun a physical weight.
Distinguish from legal guilt
In a courtroom, use '有罪' (guilty) or '罪名' (charge). '负罪感' is strictly for the feeling in one's heart.
Guilt vs. Shame Culture
In Chinese culture, guilt is often tied to failing family expectations or social harmony, distinct from individualistic moral guilt.
Word Origin
A compound of '负' (bear), '罪' (crime/sin), and '感' (sense). It reflects the conceptualization of guilt as a weight or debt one carries.
Cultural Context
In many modern Chinese discussions, '负罪感' is often linked to the 'Guilt-tripping' phenomenon in family dynamics, especially regarding filial piety.
Memory Tip
Break it down: '负' (to carry/bear) + '罪' (sin/fault) + '感' (feeling). Imagine carrying a heavy rock labeled 'wrongdoing' in your heart.
Frequently Asked Questions
4 questions在大多数日常语境下可以互换，但‘负罪感’语气更重，更正式，常用于探讨深层的心理或道德问题。
常用的形容词包括‘深重的’、‘强烈的’、‘巨大的’或‘挥之不去的’。
它是一个中性词，描述一种客观存在的心理状态。虽然体验是负面的，但在道德修养中被视为一种良知的体现。
法律上更常用‘罪恶感’或直接称‘犯罪意识’，‘负罪感’更多用于描述个人主观的情绪体验。
Test Yourself
由于没能参加好友的婚礼，他内心深处总有一种___。
‘负罪感’最适合描述因未能履行社交义务而产生的内心不安。
他试图通过做慈善来___内心的负罪感。
‘减轻’ (alleviate) 是描述减少负面情绪的常用动词。
充满了 / 他的 / 负罪感 / 心里 / 强烈的
The standard structure is: [Subject/Location] + 充满了 + [Adjective] + [Noun].
Score: /3
Summary
A sense of moral burden resulting from the belief that one has done something wrong.
- A psychological state of self-reproach for perceived moral failures.
- Often involves a desire to make amends for one's actions.
- Commonly used in psychology, literature, and interpersonal relationship contexts.
Pairing with verbs of movement
Use verbs like '摆脱' (bǎituō - break free) or '背负' (bēifù - carry) to give the abstract noun a physical weight.
Distinguish from legal guilt
In a courtroom, use '有罪' (guilty) or '罪名' (charge). '负罪感' is strictly for the feeling in one's heart.
Guilt vs. Shame Culture
In Chinese culture, guilt is often tied to failing family expectations or social harmony, distinct from individualistic moral guilt.
Examples
4 of 4我因为没时间陪孩子而感到深深的负罪感。
I feel a deep sense of guilt for not having time to spend with my children.
幸存者往往会产生一种莫名的负罪感。
Survivors often develop an inexplicable sense of guilt.
别再用那种眼神看我了，这让我很有负罪感。
Stop looking at me like that; it's making me feel guilty.
适度的负罪感被认为是道德发展的必要组成部分。
A moderate sense of guilt is considered a necessary component of moral development.
Related Content
This Word in Other Languages
Related Vocabulary
More emotions words
有点
A1A little; somewhat; rather.
可恶
A2Hateful; detestable; abominable.
心不在焉
A2Absent-minded; preoccupied.
接受地
A2Acceptingly; receptively.
成就感
B1Sense of achievement; fulfillment.
撒娇
A2To act like a spoiled child; to act cute.
上瘾
B1To be addicted to something.
沉迷
A2To be addicted to; to be engrossed in.
敬佩
B1Admiration; respect; reverence.
佩服
B1To admire; to respect.
