درخشان کردن em 30 segundos
- A compound verb meaning 'to make shiny' or 'to make brilliant' in both physical and metaphorical senses.
- Commonly used for polishing objects like shoes, jewelry, and metal, or for describing success and excellence.
- Formed by the adjective 'derakhshān' (radiant) and the auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/make).
- Essential for describing high quality, cleanliness, and impressive achievements in Persian.
The Persian verb درخشان کردن (derakhshān kardan) is a compound verb that translates most literally to 'to make brilliant' or 'to make shiny.' It is composed of the adjective درخشان, meaning radiant, shining, or brilliant, and the auxiliary verb کردن, which means to do or to make. In everyday Persian, this verb is used to describe the physical act of polishing or cleaning something until it reflects light, but it also carries a significant metaphorical weight, especially in literature and formal discourse.
- Physical Polishing
- This refers to the act of cleaning surfaces like silver, gold, glass, or leather to achieve a high gloss. For example, a jeweler 'makes a diamond shiny' to increase its value.
جواهرساز با دقت الماس را برای مشتری درخشان کرد.
- Metaphorical Brilliance
- In a more abstract sense, it means to make a name, a reputation, or a future bright and successful. A student might 'make their future brilliant' through hard work.
تلاشهای او نام خانوادهاش را در تاریخ درخشان کرد.
Understanding the nuance between physical and metaphorical usage is key for B1 learners. In Iranian culture, hospitality often involves 'making the house shiny' (house cleaning/Khaneh-tekani) before guests arrive, particularly during Nowruz. This verb encapsulates the pride taken in presentation and excellence.
- Artistic Context
- In the arts, it can refer to adding highlights to a painting or polishing a piece of poetry until every word 'shines' with clarity and beauty.
Using درخشان کردن correctly requires understanding its role as a transitive compound verb. It always takes a direct object—the thing that is being made shiny. Because it is a compound verb, the 'kardan' part changes for tense, person, and number, while 'derakhshān' remains constant.
- Present Continuous
- To describe an ongoing action: 'I am making the silver shiny.' (من دارم نقره را درخشان میکنم).
او با واکس زدن، کفشهایش را درخشان میکند.
- Past Simple
- To describe a completed action: 'The rain made the leaves shiny.' (باران برگها را درخشان کرد).
In more formal or literary contexts, you might see this verb used with subjects like 'hope' or 'success.' For instance, 'The sun of hope made his heart brilliant.' This adds a poetic layer to your Persian. When talking about careers, one might say 'She made her resume brilliant with many awards.'
موفقیتهای ورزشی، کارنامه او را درخشان کرد.
- Imperative Mood
- Giving a command: 'Make your future brilliant!' (آیندهات را درخشان کن!).
In modern Iran, you will encounter درخشان کردن in various settings, ranging from the mundane to the highly formal. It is a versatile verb that bridges the gap between household chores and professional achievements.
- In the Bazaar
- If you visit a copper-smith (Mesgar) or a jeweler, they will often talk about 'making the metal shiny' after repair or cleaning. It implies restoring something to its original glory.
باید این سینی مسی را دوباره درخشان کنیم.
- In Media and News
- News anchors often use this verb when reporting on national achievements. 'Our scientists made the country's name brilliant in the world of physics.'
این کرم صورت شما را درخشان میکند.
You might also hear it in academic settings where a professor encourages students to 'make their minds brilliant' through study. It is a word associated with light, positivity, and high quality, making it very popular in motivational speeches and self-improvement literature in Persian.
Even intermediate learners make specific errors when using درخشان کردن. The most frequent issue is confusing it with other verbs related to light or cleanliness.
- Vs. Rowshan Kardan
- Learners often say 'derakhshān kardan' when they mean 'to turn on a light' (روشن کردن). Remember: you 'rowshan' a lamp, but you 'derakhshān' the lamp's glass base by polishing it.
اشتباه: من چراغ را درخشان کردم. (Wrong context for turning on a light).
- Vs. Tamiz Kardan
- 'Tamiz kardan' means to clean (remove dirt). 'Derakhshān kardan' is the step after cleaning—it's the polishing that creates a shine. Don't use 'derakhshān kardan' for just taking out the trash!
Another mistake is using the passive form incorrectly. If something 'becomes shiny' on its own, you should use درخشان شدن (derakhshān shodan) instead of کردن. 'The sky became brilliant' is 'آسمان درخشان شد', not 'کرد'.
Persian is a language rich in synonyms, and depending on the level of formality or the specific object you are describing, you might want to use an alternative to درخشان کردن.
- Sayqal Dādan (صیقل دادن)
- This is more technical and specifically means 'to polish' or 'to sand down' a surface to make it smooth and reflective. Used for metals, stones, and mirrors.
او سنگ مرمر را صیقل داد.
- Jalā Dādan (جلا دادن)
- This is very similar to 'derakhshān kardan' but often used for jewelry or silverware. It carries a sense of 'burnishing' or giving a luster.
In informal speech, people might just say 'Bargh andākhtan' (برق انداختن), which is a very common way to say 'to make something sparkle' or 'to polish to a high shine,' especially when cleaning the house or a car.
او ماشینش را برق انداخت.
How Formal Is It?
Curiosidade
The word 'derakhshān' is related to the word for 'lightning' in some older Iranian dialects, emphasizing a sudden, powerful brilliance.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing 'kh' as 'k' (derak-shān).
- Stress on the first syllable.
- Merging 'derakhshān' and 'kardan' into one word without a slight pause.
- Mispronouncing the 'ā' (long a) as a short 'a'.
- Over-emphasizing the 'r' in 'derakhshān'.
Nível de dificuldade
Easy to recognize 'kardan' and the root 'derakhsh'.
Requires correct spelling of 'kh' and 'sh' and compound verb syntax.
Requires mastering the 'kh' sound and proper stress.
Distinctive sound makes it easy to catch in conversation.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Compound Verb Formation
Adjective (درخشان) + Auxiliary (کردن)
Direct Object Marker 'rā'
کفش را درخشان کرد (rā follows the noun)
Causative structure
Using 'kardan' to make something have a quality.
Tense Conjugation
درخشان میکنم (Present), درخشان کردم (Past)
Subjunctive Mood
باید درخشان کنم (Must make shiny)
Exemplos por nível
من کفشهایم را درخشان میکنم.
I make my shoes shiny.
Present tense of 'kardan'.
او سیب را درخشان کرد.
He made the apple shiny.
Simple past tense.
خورشید آب را درخشان میکند.
The sun makes the water shiny.
Subject is 'khorshid' (sun).
مادرم پنجره را درخشان کرد.
My mother made the window shiny.
Direct object is 'panjereh' (window).
آیا تو این سکه را درخشان میکنی؟
Do you make this coin shiny?
Question form.
ما ماشین را درخشان کردیم.
We made the car shiny.
Plural 'we'.
این صابون دستها را درخشان میکند.
This soap makes hands shiny.
Generic present tense.
درخشان کن!
Make [it] shiny!
Imperative (command).
او دیروز اتاقش را درخشان کرد.
She made her room shiny yesterday.
Use of 'diruz' (yesterday).
باید این قاشقهای نقره را درخشان کنیم.
We must make these silver spoons shiny.
Modal verb 'bāyad' (must).
او همیشه موهایش را درخشان میکند.
She always makes her hair shiny.
Adverb 'hamisheh' (always).
باران سنگهای خیابان را درخشان کرد.
The rain made the street stones shiny.
Natural phenomenon as subject.
من میخواهم آیندهام را درخشان کنم.
I want to make my future brilliant.
Metaphorical use at A2.
آیا شما میتوانید این الماس را درخشان کنید؟
Can you make this diamond shiny?
Modal verb 'tavānestan' (can).
او با دقت آینه را درخشان کرد.
He carefully made the mirror shiny.
Adverbial phrase 'bā deghat' (carefully).
این رنگ جدید خانه را درخشان میکند.
This new paint makes the house brilliant.
Subject is 'rang' (paint).
تلاشهای تو نامت را درخشان خواهد کرد.
Your efforts will make your name brilliant.
Future tense.
هنرمند با استفاده از نور، نقاشی را درخشان کرد.
The artist made the painting brilliant by using light.
Prepositional phrase 'bā estefādeh az'.
این موفقیت کارنامه او را درخشان کرده است.
This success has made his resume brilliant.
Present perfect tense.
او سعی کرد با لبخندش فضا را درخشان کند.
She tried to make the atmosphere brilliant with her smile.
Infinitive 'derakhshān kardan'.
ما باید فرهنگ خود را در جهان درخشان کنیم.
We must make our culture brilliant in the world.
Abstract direct object.
او هر روز کفشهایش را درخشان میکرد.
He used to make his shoes shiny every day.
Past continuous/habitual.
این محصول پوست شما را درخشان میکند.
This product makes your skin radiant.
Commercial register.
او با علم خود دنیای ما را درخشان کرد.
He made our world brilliant with his knowledge.
Formal/Honorific tone.
نویسنده با کلمات خود، داستان را درخشان کرد.
The writer made the story brilliant with his words.
Literary context.
او توانست با مدیریت صحیح، شرکت را درخشان کند.
He was able to make the company brilliant through proper management.
Complex sentence structure.
این کشف جدید، تاریخ علم را درخشان خواهد کرد.
This new discovery will make the history of science brilliant.
Academic tone.
او با فداکاریاش، نام انسانیت را درخشان کرد.
With his sacrifice, he made the name of humanity brilliant.
Abstract/Moral context.
نقرهکار با مهارت تمام، ظرف را درخشان کرد.
The silversmith made the vessel brilliant with total skill.
Specific profession context.
امید میتواند حتی تاریکترین روزها را درخشان کند.
Hope can make even the darkest days brilliant.
Philosophical subject.
او با اصلاح اشتباهات، گزارش را درخشان کرد.
He made the report brilliant by correcting the mistakes.
Professional context.
باید یاد بگیریم که چگونه استعدادهایمان را درخشان کنیم.
We must learn how to make our talents brilliant.
Subjunctive mood with 'chegoune'.
حکیم با سخنان نغز خود، محفل را درخشان کرد.
The sage made the gathering brilliant with his pithy words.
Formal/Literary vocabulary ('naghz', 'mahfel').
هنر او توانست مرزهای زیبایی را درخشان کند.
His art was able to make the boundaries of beauty brilliant.
High-level abstraction.
او با تالیف این کتاب، کارنامه علمی خود را درخشان کرد.
By authoring this book, he made his scientific record brilliant.
Gerund-like structure 'bā taalif'.
نور حقیقت میتواند هر ذهنی را درخشان کند.
The light of truth can make any mind brilliant.
Metaphorical 'light' as subject.
او با بازسازی بنا، شکوه گذشته را درخشان کرد.
By restoring the building, he made the past glory brilliant.
Focus on restoration.
این پیروزی، جایگاه کشور را در عرصه بینالمللی درخشان کرد.
This victory made the country's position brilliant in the international arena.
Political/Diplomatic register.
او با صیقل دادن روح خود، نگاهش به جهان را درخشان کرد.
By polishing his soul, he made his outlook on the world brilliant.
Spiritual/Mystical context.
تحلیلهای دقیق او، ابعاد پنهان موضوع را درخشان کرد.
His precise analyses made the hidden dimensions of the subject brilliant.
Analytical register.
تلالو اندیشههای او، افقهای فکری معاصرانش را درخشان کرد.
The shimmer of his thoughts made the intellectual horizons of his contemporaries brilliant.
Highly sophisticated vocabulary ('talālo', 'ofogh-hā').
او با استناد به منابع کهن، روایت تاریخی را درخشان کرد.
By citing ancient sources, he made the historical narrative brilliant.
Historiographical context.
ظرافت طبع او، هر اثر هنری را که لمس میکرد، درخشان میکرد.
The delicacy of his nature made every artwork he touched brilliant.
Subtle character description.
او با نبوغ خود، عصر ظلمت را درخشان کرد.
With his genius, he made the age of darkness brilliant.
Historical metaphor.
ایمان قلبی او، مسیر دشوار زندگیاش را درخشان کرد.
His heartfelt faith made the difficult path of his life brilliant.
Existential/Religious tone.
او با پیوند زدن سنت و مدرنیته، معماری شهر را درخشان کرد.
By linking tradition and modernity, he made the city's architecture brilliant.
Sociological/Architectural context.
کلام او چنان قدرتی داشت که میتوانست هر ناامیدی را درخشان کند.
His speech had such power that it could make any despair brilliant.
Rhetorical focus.
او با کشف این فرمول، آینده تکنولوژی را درخشان کرد.
By discovering this formula, he made the future of technology brilliant.
Scientific breakthrough context.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
— To improve one's record or history of achievements.
او با این پروژه سوابق خود را درخشان کرد.
— To make the environment or atmosphere bright and positive.
او با گلهای تازه محیط را درخشان کرد.
— To make one's smile bright (often used in dental ads).
این خمیردندان لبخند شما را درخشان میکند.
— To bring honor and brilliance to one's family name.
او با موفقیتش نام خانوادگیاش را درخشان کرد.
— To make a shop window display attractive and bright.
فروشنده ویترین مغازه را درخشان کرد.
— To light up the stage or dominate a performance.
بازیگر با بازی عالیاش صحنه را درخشان کرد.
— To brighten the horizon (often metaphorical for hope).
امید افق زندگی ما را درخشان کرد.
— To make someone's eyes sparkle (with joy or tears).
خبر خوش چشمان او را درخشان کرد.
Frequentemente confundido com
Means to turn on a light/lamp or to make a room bright with a light source.
Means to remove dirt; 'derakhshān kardan' is the extra step of making it shine.
Means to whiten; sometimes used for cleaning pots, but 'derakhshān' is for shine.
Expressões idiomáticas
— To make someone very happy or proud, causing their eyes to light up.
هدیه او چشم مادرش را درخشان کرد.
Informal— To make someone proud and successful (literally 'white-faced and brilliant').
او با نمراتش پدرش را روسپید و درخشان کرد.
Formal— A poetic idiom (from Hafiz) meaning to turn something worthless into something brilliant through a glance or spiritual power.
آنان که خاک را به نظر درخشان کنند...
Literary— An impossible task; used to describe someone trying to improve something that is already perfect.
تعریف از هنر تو مثل درخشان کردن خورشید است.
Poetic— To pave a way for a very successful future.
او برای فرزندانش آیندهای درخشان کرد.
Neutral— To bring hope or light to a bad situation.
او با مهربانیاش تاریکی زندگی آنها را درخشان کرد.
Literary— To become legendary or immortalized through great deeds.
کوروش نام خود را در تاریخ درخشان کرد.
Formal— To be the 'life of the party' or the most distinguished guest.
حضور استاد محفل ما را درخشان کرد.
Formal— To improve one's inner self or character.
او با خودسازی گوهر وجودش را درخشان کرد.
Mystical— To do good deeds that look good on one's spiritual or professional record.
او با کارهای خیریه کارنامهاش را درخشان کرد.
FormalFácil de confundir
Both share the same root.
'Derakhshidan' is intransitive (something shines on its own). 'Derakhshān kardan' is transitive (you make something shine).
ستاره میدرخشد (The star shines). او ستاره را درخشان کرد (He made the star brilliant - metaphorical).
Both involve light.
'Tābidan' is the act of light falling on something. 'Derakhshān kardan' is the result of polishing or improving.
خورشید میتابد. خورشید دریا را درخشان کرد.
Very close synonyms.
'Jalā dādan' is often used specifically for metals and jewelry in a professional context.
او انگشتر را جلا داد.
Both mean polishing.
'Sayqal dādan' implies a physical smoothing or grinding process.
او آینه را صیقل داد.
Same meaning.
'Bargh andākhtan' is very informal/slang.
ماشین رو برق انداختم!
Padrões de frases
من [Object] را درخشان میکنم.
من سیب را درخشان میکنم.
[Subject] [Object] را درخشان کرد.
علی ماشین را درخشان کرد.
باید [Object] را درخشان کنیم.
باید آینده را درخشان کنیم.
[Subject] با [Means] [Object] را درخشان کرد.
او با تلاش کارنامهاش را درخشان کرد.
[Abstract Subject] [Abstract Object] را درخشان میکند.
نور دانش ذهن را درخشان میکند.
[Sophisticated Subject] [Object] را درخشان خواهد ساخت.
نبوغ او افقها را درخشان خواهد ساخت.
آیا میتوانی [Object] را درخشان کنی؟
آیا میتوانی این نقره را درخشان کنی؟
او همیشه [Object] را درخشان نگه میدارد.
او همیشه کفشهایش را درخشان نگه میدارد.
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Verbos
Adjetivos
Relacionado
Como usar
Common in both speech and writing, especially in positive contexts.
-
Using it for 'turning on' a light.
→
روشن کردن
'Derakhshān kardan' is for the quality of the surface, not the power state.
-
Saying 'درخشان را کرد'.
→
را درخشان کرد [Object]
The object marker 'rā' must follow the noun, not the adjective part of the verb.
-
Confusing it with 'derakhshidan'.
→
درخشان کردن
'Derakhshidan' is 'to shine' (no object), 'derakhshān kardan' is 'to make [something] shine'.
-
Using it for 'cleaning' dirt only.
→
تمیز کردن
'Derakhshān kardan' implies a higher level of shine beyond just being clean.
-
Misspelling 'درخشان' with 'ز' or 'ذ'.
→
درخشان
It always uses 'د' (dāl) and 'ر' (re).
Dicas
Compound Verb Logic
Always remember that only 'kardan' changes. 'Derakhshān' stays exactly the same regardless of tense or person.
Metaphor Power
Use this verb when you want to sound more advanced and positive about someone's achievements.
Nowruz Prep
Impress Iranians by saying you are 'derakhshān kardan' your house for the New Year.
The 'KH' Sound
Practice the 'kh' sound at the back of your throat to make the word sound authentic.
Avoid Overuse
While positive, don't use it for mundane cleaning like washing dishes unless they really sparkle.
Formal Contexts
In professional emails, use it to describe the 'brilliant' results of a project.
Root Recognition
If you see 'D-R-KH-SH', it almost always relates to shining or brilliance.
Compliments
Use it as a compliment: 'You've made your work brilliant!'
Ad Catchphrases
Listen for it in shampoo and jewelry commercials in Farsi media.
Visual Cues
Picture a flashlight hitting a mirror and the verb will stick.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'Derakhshān' as 'The Rock Shone'. When you polish a rock (Derakhshān), you make it shiny (Kardan).
Associação visual
Imagine a jeweler holding a diamond up to a lamp. As he polishes it, the room fills with 'derakhshesh' (brilliance).
Word Web
Desafio
Try to find three things in your room right now that you could 'derakhshān kardan' and say the sentence in Persian.
Origem da palavra
From Middle Persian 'draxs-'. The root is shared with other Indo-European languages related to light and vision.
Significado original: To gleam, to flash, or to be visible through light.
Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.Contexto cultural
No specific sensitivities; it is an overwhelmingly positive and safe word to use.
While English uses 'polish' for shoes and 'brighten' for futures, Persian uses 'derakhshān kardan' for both, showing a unified concept of brilliance.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Cleaning
- واکس زدن
- دستمال کشیدن
- پاک کردن
- برق انداختن
Career
- موفقیت شغلی
- پیشرفت
- ارتقا
- رزومه
Nature
- طلوع خورشید
- انعکاس نور
- مهتاب
- ستارگان
Art
- رنگآمیزی
- نورپردازی
- جلوه دادن
- شاهکار
Beauty
- آرایش
- شفافیت پوست
- سلامت مو
- زیبایی
Iniciadores de conversa
"چطور میتوانیم آیندهمان را درخشان کنیم؟"
"آیا تا به حال سعی کردهای چیزی را درخشان کنی و خراب شود؟"
"کدام هنرمند به نظر تو دنیا را درخشان کرده است؟"
"برای درخشان کردن کفشها از چه واکسی استفاده میکنی؟"
"چه چیزی چشمان تو را درخشان میکند؟"
Temas para diário
امروز چه کاری انجام دادی که آیندهات را درخشانتر کند؟
توصیف کن که چگونه نور خورشید اتاق تو را درخشان میکند.
درباره کسی بنویس که با حضورش زندگی تو را درخشان کرده است.
اگر میتوانستی یک بخش از دنیا را درخشان کنی، کجا را انتخاب میکردی؟
تفاوت بین تمیز کردن و درخشان کردن در زندگی شخصی چیست؟
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasNo, for electronic devices, use 'rowshan kardan' (روشن کردن).
It is neutral to formal. In very casual speech, 'bargh andākhtan' is more common.
Yes, but usually metaphorically (making their name or future brilliant), not physically making a person shiny.
The past participle is 'درخشان کرده'.
درخشان نکن (Derakhshān nakon).
Yes, in the context of healthy, radiant skin in beauty ads.
'Sayqal dādan' is more about the physical process of smoothing a surface.
Frequently, to describe the beloved's face or the effect of divine light.
Yes, if the room is so clean it literally sparkles.
Yes, it is a very useful B1-level compound verb.
Teste-se 105 perguntas
Write a sentence about polishing your shoes.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Write a sentence about a brilliant future.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Use 'درخشان کردن' in a question.
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Write a sentence about the sun and the sea.
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Write a sentence about a jeweler.
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Write a sentence using the future tense.
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Write a sentence about a clean house.
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Talk about how you prepare for a special event using 'درخشان کردن'.
Read this aloud:
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Listen to the description: 'A person is using a cloth on a silver tray.' What verb are they likely performing?
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Summary
The verb 'درخشان کردن' is your go-to word for taking something from dull to dazzling. Whether you are polishing your silver spoons or polishing your reputation, this verb signifies an intentional act of making something radiant and superior. Example: 'او با تلاش زیاد آیندهاش را درخشان کرد' (He made his future brilliant with much effort).
- A compound verb meaning 'to make shiny' or 'to make brilliant' in both physical and metaphorical senses.
- Commonly used for polishing objects like shoes, jewelry, and metal, or for describing success and excellence.
- Formed by the adjective 'derakhshān' (radiant) and the auxiliary verb 'kardan' (to do/make).
- Essential for describing high quality, cleanliness, and impressive achievements in Persian.
Compound Verb Logic
Always remember that only 'kardan' changes. 'Derakhshān' stays exactly the same regardless of tense or person.
Metaphor Power
Use this verb when you want to sound more advanced and positive about someone's achievements.
Nowruz Prep
Impress Iranians by saying you are 'derakhshān kardan' your house for the New Year.
The 'KH' Sound
Practice the 'kh' sound at the back of your throat to make the word sound authentic.
Exemplo
با پولیش ماشین را درخشان کرد.
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عنابی
B1Jujube-colored/dark red; a dark reddish-brown color.
آبرنگ
B1Uma tinta que usa água como solvente; aguarela. É apreciada pela sua leveza e transparência.
آبی آسمانی
B1Azul-celeste; uma cor azul clara e brilhante como o céu limpo.
آبی کردن
A2Azular; tornar azul. Ele pintou a parede de azul.
آغشتن
B2Manchar ou mergulhar algo em um líquido.
اکرولیک
B1Tinta acrílica. Uma tinta de secagem rápida usada em artes plásticas e na construção civil.
اکریلیک
B1Uma tinta de secagem rápida contendo pigmento suspenso em uma emulsão de polímero acrílico. É muito comum em oficinas de arte e na indústria têxtil no Irã.
آلبالویی
B1Uma cor vermelha profunda, como a das cerejas ácidas. É uma cor muito apreciada na moda e na decoração de interiores no Irã.
انعکاس
B1O reflexo da montanha no lago é perfeito.
آستر
B1Forro (roupas) ou Primário (pintura). 'O forro do casaco é de cetim.' 'É necessário aplicar um primário na madeira.'
