To deliberately distance oneself from physical objects or negative situations.
Palavra em 30 segundos
- To physically move away from an object or danger.
- To intentionally stay away from unpleasant situations or people.
- Used for both concrete physical actions and abstract concepts.
Overview
- 1概要：「避ける」は、自分にとって不都合な対象との接触や関わりを断つ、あるいは距離を置くことを指します。物理的な接触を回避するだけでなく、トラブルや責任といった目に見えないものに対しても広く用いられます。
- 1使用パターン：主に「～を避ける」という形で使われます。名詞（危険、渋滞、質問など）を目的語にとり、それらを「避ける」という構造が基本です。また、文脈によって「よける（物理的に避ける）」と「さける（抽象的なものを避ける）」という二つの読み方がある点に注意が必要です。
- 1一般的な文脈：日常生活では「渋滞を避ける」「直射日光を避ける」のように環境的な要因に対して使われます。また、ビジネスや人間関係では「責任を避ける」「質問を避ける」「彼を避ける」のように、心理的な距離や対立を回避する文脈で頻繁に使用されます。
- 1類語との比較：「逃げる（にげる）」は、既にある状況から立ち去るというニュアンスが強く、「避ける」は事前に予測して接触を回避するという計画的なニュアンスが含まれます。「回避する（かいひする）」は「避ける」の硬い表現であり、公的な文書やニュースなどで好んで使われます。
Exemplos
車を避けて歩道を通る。
everydayI dodge the car and walk on the sidewalk.
トラブルを避けるために沈黙を守る。
formalI remain silent to avoid trouble.
あの人、最近私を避けているみたい。
informalIt seems like that person has been avoiding me lately.
リスクを避ける戦略が必要だ。
academicA strategy to avoid risk is necessary.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
人目を避ける
avoid public attention
直射日光を避ける
avoid direct sunlight
無駄な争いを避ける
avoid unnecessary conflict
Frequentemente confundido com
Nigeru implies running away from a situation already in progress. Sakeru is more about preventing contact before it happens.
Fusegu means to block or prevent something from occurring. Sakeru means to move away or stay away from it.
Padrões gramaticais
How to Use It
Notas de uso
The verb is versatile and used across all registers. 'Sakeru' is standard, while 'yokeru' is specifically for physical obstacles. In professional settings, 'kaihi' is a more sophisticated alternative.
Erros comuns
Learners often use 'nigeru' when they mean 'sakeru'. Remember that 'nigeru' implies fear or defeat, while 'sakeru' is a neutral action of avoidance. Also, confusing the reading 'yokeru' vs 'sakeru' is a common pronunciation error.
Tips
Distinguish between physical and abstract usage
Use 'yokeru' for dodging a ball or puddle. Use 'sakeru' for avoiding questions or trouble.
Avoid overusing in formal writing
In very formal business reports, consider using 'kaihi suru' instead of 'sakeru' for a more professional tone.
Indirect communication in Japan
Japanese people often use 'sakeru' to maintain harmony. Avoiding a direct answer is a common way to show consideration.
Origem da palavra
Derived from the verb 'saku' (to divide/split), implying keeping a distance or separation. It evolved to mean creating a gap between oneself and an unwanted object.
Contexto cultural
Avoiding direct confrontation is a key aspect of Japanese social etiquette. Using 'sakeru' to describe one's actions reflects the cultural value of maintaining 'wa' (harmony).
Dica de memorização
Think of 'Sakeru' as 'Sack-er'—you put the problem in a sack and move it away. Or imagine 'Yo-keru' like 'You-care' enough to move out of the way of a ball.
Perguntas frequentes
3 perguntas物理的にものを避ける場合は「よける」と読むことが多いですが、抽象的な事柄や人間関係の場合は「さける」と読むのが一般的です。ただし、両方の読み方が許容されるケースも多く、文脈で判断します。
基本的にはネガティブなものを遠ざけるという意味ですが、リスクを避けることで「安全を確保する」というポジティブな結果につながるため、戦略的な意味合いで使われることが多いです。
「避ける」は対象から離れることですが、「防ぐ」は対象が起こらないように食い止めることを指します。アプローチの仕方が異なります。
Teste-se
忙しい時間を___ために、早めに出発した。
不都合な状況を回避する文脈なので「避ける」が適切です。
Pontuação: /1
Summary
To deliberately distance oneself from physical objects or negative situations.
- To physically move away from an object or danger.
- To intentionally stay away from unpleasant situations or people.
- Used for both concrete physical actions and abstract concepts.
Distinguish between physical and abstract usage
Use 'yokeru' for dodging a ball or puddle. Use 'sakeru' for avoiding questions or trouble.
Avoid overusing in formal writing
In very formal business reports, consider using 'kaihi suru' instead of 'sakeru' for a more professional tone.
Indirect communication in Japan
Japanese people often use 'sakeru' to maintain harmony. Avoiding a direct answer is a common way to show consideration.
Exemplos
4 de 4車を避けて歩道を通る。
I dodge the car and walk on the sidewalk.
トラブルを避けるために沈黙を守る。
I remain silent to avoid trouble.
あの人、最近私を避けているみたい。
It seems like that person has been avoiding me lately.
リスクを避ける戦略が必要だ。
A strategy to avoid risk is necessary.
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