When talking about your own husband, you can use 主人 (shujin). This word literally means 'master' or 'head of the household,' so it has a slightly old-fashioned feel.
Many people nowadays prefer to use other terms like 夫 (otto) which is more neutral, or even loan words like ダーリン (daarin) for 'darling.'
However, you will still hear 主人 (shujin) used, especially by older generations or in more formal contexts when a wife refers to her husband.
When talking about one's own husband in Japanese, you can use the word 主人 (shujin). This term is a bit more traditional and has a nuance of 'master' or 'head of the household,' which reflects older societal roles. While still understood, many younger Japanese people might opt for other terms like 夫 (otto) or even 旦那 (danna) when referring to their husband, as 主人 can sound a little formal or old-fashioned in some contexts.
When talking about one's own husband, 主人 (shujin) is a common term. It literally means 'master' or 'head of the house', which reflects traditional Japanese family structures.
However, it's becoming less common, especially among younger generations, as many now prefer more neutral terms like 夫 (otto). You might still hear it used by older people or in more formal contexts when referring to their own husband.
You wouldn't use it to refer to someone else's husband; in that case, you'd typically use ご主人 (goshujin). It’s also used for the owner of a shop or restaurant, or even a pet owner, as in 'the master of the dog'.
When talking about one's own husband, 主人 (shujin) is a common term. However, it can sometimes sound a bit old-fashioned or formal, especially among younger generations. Many Japanese women now prefer using 夫 (otto) or even just 旦那さん (dannasan) to refer to their husbands. You might also hear 主人 used to mean 'master' in a more traditional sense, like the owner of a shop or a pet's owner, so context is important.
主人 em 30 segundos
- Humble term for 'my husband'.
- Can also mean 'master' or 'owner'.
- Context is key for understanding.
§ Understanding 主人 (shujin)
You've learned that 主人 (shujin) means 'husband' or 'master'. Now, let's look at how to actually use it in sentences. It's pretty straightforward once you get the hang of it, but there are a few important points to keep in mind regarding its nuance and common usage.
§ Referring to your own husband
When you're talking about your own husband, 主人 (shujin) is a very common and traditional way to do it. It's a humble way to refer to him, showing respect from the wife's perspective. It's still widely used, especially by older generations, but younger couples might opt for other terms.
- Usage
- Use 主人 when referring to your own husband in conversation, especially when speaking to others.
私の主人は日本人です。
(My husband is Japanese.)
主人は今、出張中です。
(My husband is on a business trip right now.)
§ Referring to someone else's husband
When talking about someone else's husband, you generally do NOT use 主人 (shujin). Instead, you would use a more respectful term like ご主人 (goshujin).
- Usage
- When referring to someone else's husband, always use ご主人 (goshujin).
A: 山田さんのご主人は元気ですか？
(A: How is Yamada-san's husband doing?)
B: はい、元気です。
(B: Yes, he's doing well.)
§ The 'master' meaning
The other meaning of 主人 (shujin) is 'master', as in the master of a household, a pet, or an establishment. This usage is less common in everyday conversation for people but is still very much alive in certain contexts.
- For pets: You'll often hear pet owners refer to themselves as 主人 (shujin) when talking about their relationship with their pet.
- Of an establishment: It can refer to the owner or master of a traditional Japanese inn (旅館 - ryokan), restaurant, or shop. In this context, it often carries a sense of respect and authority.
犬が主人に忠実です。
(The dog is loyal to its master.)
この旅館の主人はとても親切です。
(The master/owner of this inn is very kind.)
§ Key takeaways for 主人 (shujin)
Here's a quick recap of the most important things to remember:
- Use 主人 (shujin) when referring to your own husband (humble, traditional).
- Use ご主人 (goshujin) when referring to someone else's husband (polite, respectful).
- It can also mean 'master' for pets or establishments, depending on context.
- Don't be surprised to hear other terms for 'husband' like 夫 (otto) or even just the husband's name with -さん (-san).
Practice using these terms, and you'll get more comfortable with their nuances. Keep an ear out for how native speakers use them in different situations!
§ 主人 (shujin) in daily life: Work, school, news
You've learned that 主人 (shujin) can mean 'husband' or 'master.' Now let's look at how you'll actually encounter this word in various situations, from casual conversations to more formal settings like news reports. Understanding the context is key to using and understanding 主人 correctly.
§ 主人 as 'My Husband'
The most common use of 主人 you'll hear is when a woman refers to her own husband. It's a traditional term, and while younger generations might use other words like 夫 (otto) or even just 旦那 (danna), 主人 is still very common, especially among people in their 40s and older, or in more formal speech. It conveys a sense of respect, and sometimes humility, depending on the speaker.
私の主人は出張中です。
Translation hint: My husband is on a business trip.
主人と週末に旅行に行きます。
Translation hint: I'm going on a trip with my husband this weekend.
§ 主人 as 'Master' (of a house, shop, or pet)
This usage of 主人 is less common in everyday conversation unless you're talking about specific contexts. You'll often see it in older literature, historical dramas, or when discussing traditional Japanese arts or services.
Owner of a shop/establishment
In traditional Japanese settings, like a ryokan (traditional inn) or a small, old-fashioned shop, the owner might be referred to as 主人. This signifies their role as the head or master of the establishment.
店の主人が新しいお茶を勧めてくれた。
Translation hint: The shop owner recommended new tea to me.
- DEFINITION
- In this context, 主人 refers to the male owner or proprietor of a business, often a traditional one. It implies their authority and responsibility over the establishment.
Master of a pet/animal
When talking about pets, especially dogs, their owner can be referred to as 主人. This usage emphasizes the pet's subservient role and the owner's responsibility for its care. While not as common as ペットの飼い主 (petto no kainushi - pet owner), you might still encounter it.
犬が主人の帰りを待っている。
Translation hint: The dog is waiting for its master (owner) to return.
Historical/Literary Contexts
In historical or fictional works, 主人 can refer to a feudal lord, a samurai's master, or the head of a household. This is where the 'master' meaning truly comes into play, signifying a person of authority and power over others.
家臣が主人に忠誠を誓った。
Translation hint: The vassal swore loyalty to his master (lord).
§ 主人 in News and Formal Reports
While news reports might try to be neutral, you will sometimes see 主人 used to refer to a husband, especially in direct quotes or when reporting on an older individual's statement. For example, if a woman gives an interview about an event, she might refer to her husband as 主人, and the news outlet would report it as such.
「主人が大変お世話になりました」と彼女は語った。
Translation hint: She said, "My husband received a great deal of help."
In official documents or more formal settings, words like 夫 (otto) are often preferred for 'husband' due to their neutral tone. However, the 'master' sense of 主人 can appear in legal or specialized texts, for example, when discussing property ownership or traditional apprenticeships.
- Work: You might hear it from older female colleagues when they talk about their husbands.
- School: Less common, unless discussing literature or history where the 'master' meaning is relevant.
- News: Primarily in direct quotes referring to 'husband', or rarely for 'master' in very specific contexts (e.g., a traditional craft master).
By observing these different scenarios, you can see how 主人, despite its dual meanings, is used quite distinctively in practice. Pay attention to who is speaking and the overall context, and you'll quickly grasp its intended meaning.
§ Don't use 主人 (shujin) for your own husband
Many learners, when first encountering 主人 (shujin), assume it's the standard word for 'my husband.' While it *can* mean 'one's husband,' using it to refer to your own husband in modern Japanese often sounds dated or can create a misunderstanding. It's more commonly used when speaking *about* someone else's husband, or in specific contexts like referring to the 'master' of a traditional Japanese household or business.
§ What to use instead of 主人 (shujin) for your own husband
When referring to your own husband, here are more appropriate and commonly used terms:
- 夫 (otto): This is the most neutral and widely accepted term for 'husband.' It's polite and appropriate in almost any situation.
- 旦那 (danna): This is a more casual term for 'husband' or 'master/patron.' While it can be used for your own husband, especially in more relaxed settings, some might find it slightly less formal than 夫 (otto). It also carries the meaning of 'master' or 'proprietor' in some contexts, similar to 主人 (shujin).
- 主人 (shujin): As discussed, using this for your own husband is generally not recommended in contemporary conversation. It can sound old-fashioned or, in some cases, might suggest a more subservient role.
- DEFINITION
- 夫 (otto): Neutral, common term for 'husband.'
- DEFINITION
- 旦那 (danna): Casual term for 'husband' or 'master/patron.'
Let's look at some examples:
私の夫は料理が得意です。
My husband is good at cooking.
これは私の旦那です。
This is my husband.
§ When to use 主人 (shujin) correctly
While not for your own husband, 主人 (shujin) is still a useful word. Here's when you'll typically encounter it:
- Referring to someone else's husband: When you're talking about another person's husband, it can be used, though again, 夫 (otto) is often a safer and more neutral choice.
- Master of a household or business: This is a very common and correct usage. Think of the owner of a traditional inn (旅館の主人 - ryokan no shujin) or a restaurant (店の主人 - mise no shujin).
- In historical or literary contexts: In older texts or stories, 主人 (shujin) was more frequently used by wives to refer to their husbands.
あの家の主人はとても親切です。
The master of that house is very kind.
お店の主人が挨拶に出てきました。
The owner of the shop came out to greet us.
In summary, while 主人 (shujin) means 'husband' or 'master,' be very careful about using it for your *own* husband. Stick to 夫 (otto) or 旦那 (danna) for that. Reserve 主人 (shujin) for when you're talking about the master/owner of a place, or occasionally another person's husband.
§ Understanding 主人 (shujin)
The Japanese word 主人 (shujin) can mean 'husband' or 'master'. It's an A2 CEFR level word, so it's quite common. But like many words, its usage comes with some important cultural context. Let's break it down.
- Definition
- One's husband; master.
§ How to use 主人 (shujin) for 'husband'
When referring to one's own husband, 主人 (shujin) is a traditional and somewhat formal term. It's often used by women when speaking about their husbands to others. However, its usage has been declining in favor of more modern or neutral terms. It can sometimes carry a nuance of the husband being the 'head of the household' or 'master' in a more traditional sense.
私の主人は医者です。
Translation hint: My husband is a doctor.
主人はまだ帰っていません。
Translation hint: My husband hasn't come home yet.
§ How to use 主人 (shujin) for 'master'
The 'master' meaning of 主人 (shujin) is used in various contexts. It can refer to the owner of a shop or business, the master of a pet, or even the host of a house. In historical contexts, it would refer to a feudal lord or master. This usage is more straightforward and less culturally nuanced than when referring to a husband.
その犬は主人に忠実です。
Translation hint: That dog is loyal to its master.
店に主人がいますか？
Translation hint: Is the shop owner (master) here?
§ Similar words and when to use them
When talking about 'husband', you have several options beyond 主人. Your choice depends on formality, your relationship to the person you're speaking to, and the nuance you want to convey.
- 夫 (otto): This is the most common and neutral term for 'husband'. It's widely used by both men and women to refer to their own husbands. It doesn't carry the same traditional nuance as 主人.
私の夫は会社員です。
Translation hint: My husband is an office worker.
- 旦那 (danna): This term also means 'husband' and is slightly more casual than 夫. It's often used by wives to refer to their husbands, and can also be used to refer to someone else's husband with respect. It can also refer to a patron or benefactor.
あなたの旦那さんは元気ですか？
Translation hint: Is your husband well?
- 夫 (goshujin): This is the respectful way to refer to someone else's husband. It uses the honorific prefix 'go-' (ご) with 主人. You should almost never use this to refer to your own husband, as it would be considered humble-form to speak of your own family members.
山田様のご主人様はどちらですか？
Translation hint: Where is Mr. Yamada's husband?
In summary, while 主人 can mean 'husband' or 'master', its use for 'husband' is becoming less frequent and can carry traditional implications. For general use, 夫 is your go-to. For respectful reference to someone else's husband, use ご主人.
Curiosidade
Historically, this word carried a stronger sense of ownership and hierarchy, reflecting traditional societal structures in Japan.
Guia de pronúncia
- Pronouncing the 'u' too long in 'shu'. It's a short 'u' sound.
Nível de dificuldade
short and common kanji
short and common kanji
common word
common word
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
In Japanese culture, using "主人" (shujin) to refer to one's husband is quite traditional. However, it's becoming less common, especially among younger generations. Many prefer to use "夫" (otto) for a more neutral and modern term.
私の主人は会社員です。(Watashi no shujin wa kaishain desu.) - My husband is an office worker.
"主人" can also refer to the male head of a household or the master of a pet. The context will make the meaning clear.
犬が主人に忠実だ。(Inu ga shujin ni chuujitsu da.) - The dog is loyal to its master.
When talking about someone else's husband, it's more polite to use "ご主人" (go-shujin). The prefix "ご" (go) adds politeness.
ご主人はお元気ですか。(Go-shujin wa o-genki desu ka?) - Is your husband doing well?
While "主人" can mean "master" in the sense of an owner or proprietor, especially in older contexts or when referring to a business owner, it's less frequently used in casual conversation for this meaning now. You might hear it in historical dramas or specific traditional settings.
この店の主人はとても親切です。(Kono mise no shujin wa totemo shinsetsu desu.) - The owner of this shop is very kind.
Be mindful of the connotation. Some people find "主人" to sound a bit old-fashioned or hierarchical when referring to a husband, implying a master-servant dynamic. "夫" (otto) or "ダーリン" (daarin - darling) are more common and contemporary choices for referring to one's own husband, and "ご主人" (go-shujin) for someone else's husband.
私の夫は料理が好きです。(Watashi no otto wa ryouri ga suki desu.) - My husband likes cooking.
Exemplos por nível
主人は今日ゴルフに行きました。
My husband went golfing today.
彼女の主人はとても親切です。
Her husband is very kind.
ご主人はお元気ですか？
Is your husband doing well?
ご主人 (go-shujin) is a polite way to refer to someone else's husband.
うちの主人は料理が得意です。
My husband is good at cooking.
うちの主人 (uchi no shujin) is a common way to refer to one's own husband informally.
主人が帰ってきたら、夕食にしましょう。
Let's have dinner when my husband comes home.
彼はその店の主人です。
He is the master of that shop.
In this context, 'master' refers to the owner or proprietor.
主人と一緒に旅行に行きたいです。
I want to travel with my husband.
主人は毎日早く起きます。
My husband wakes up early every day.
主人は今、出張中です。
My husband is currently on a business trip.
彼女の主人はとても優しい人です。
Her husband is a very kind person.
うちの主人は料理が得意です。
My husband is good at cooking.
主人が帰ってきたら、食事にしましょう。
Let's eat when my husband comes home.
昔、この家には主人が住んでいました。
A long time ago, the master lived in this house.
Here, '主人' refers to the 'master' of the house.
犬は主人に忠実です。
Dogs are loyal to their master.
主人の趣味は読書です。
My husband's hobby is reading.
主人が私の誕生日を祝ってくれました。
My husband celebrated my birthday for me.
主人は朝早く家を出ます。
My husband leaves home early in the morning.
彼女は主人と旅行に行きました。
She went on a trip with her husband.
この犬は主人によく懐いています。
This dog is very attached to its master.
主人が帰ってきたら、夕食の準備をします。
When my husband comes home, I will prepare dinner.
お店の主人はとても親切な人です。
The owner of the shop is a very kind person.
主人は私の誕生日にプレゼントをくれました。
My husband gave me a present for my birthday.
その家の主人は有名な画家だそうです。
I heard the master of that house is a famous painter.
主人の趣味は読書です。
My husband's hobby is reading.
主人は今、出張中で家にはいません。
My husband is currently on a business trip and not at home.
彼女は主人に優しい言葉をかけてもらった。
She received kind words from her husband.
この犬は主人にとても忠実です。
This dog is very loyal to its master.
主人は料理が得意で、いつも美味しいものを作ってくれます。
My husband is good at cooking and always makes delicious food for me.
昔、この屋敷には多くの使用人とその主人が住んでいました。
In the past, many servants and their master lived in this mansion.
主人が帰ってきたら、夕食の準備を始めよう。
When my husband comes home, I'll start preparing dinner.
彼女は主人の健康を気遣い、毎日栄養のある食事を作っています。
She cares about her husband's health and makes nutritious meals every day.
この主人はとても厳しかったが、使用人たちは彼を尊敬していた。
This master was very strict, but the servants respected him.
主人は今日、ゴルフに行きました。
My husband went golfing today.
彼女の主人はとても優しい人です。
Her husband is a very kind person.
お店の主人が私たちを温かく迎えてくれた。
The master of the shop warmly welcomed us.
この犬は主人によく懐いています。
This dog is very attached to its master.
主人は来月、海外出張の予定です。
My husband is scheduled for an overseas business trip next month.
昔は、家族の主人が全ての決定権を持っていた。
In the past, the head of the family held all decision-making power.
隣の家の主人は庭の手入れが趣味だそうです。
Apparently, my neighbor's husband enjoys gardening as a hobby.
彼はその店の主人として長年働いている。
He has been working as the master of that shop for many years.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
私の主人は会社員です。
My husband is an office worker.
ご主人はお元気ですか？
Is your husband well?
彼はこの店の主人です。
He is the owner of this shop.
主人はまだ家に帰っていません。
My husband has not come home yet.
ご主人によろしくお伝えください。
Please give my regards to your husband.
その犬は主人によく懐いています。
That dog is very attached to its master.
主人の趣味は読書です。
My husband's hobby is reading.
明日は主人の誕生日です。
Tomorrow is my husband's birthday.
主人と二人で旅行に行きました。
I went on a trip with my husband.
ご主人の出身はどちらですか？
Where is your husband from?
Frequentemente confundido com
While 主人 (shujin) and 夫 (otto) both mean 'husband', 夫 is a more common and neutral term used by a wife to refer to her husband. 主人 carries a slightly more traditional or humble nuance when used for one's own husband.
旦那 can also mean 'husband' (often more casual than 夫) or 'master/patron'. It's similar to 主人 in having both meanings, but the nuance and usage can differ. 主人 is more universally applicable as 'master/owner'.
ご主人 is the polite way to refer to someone else's husband, while 主人 is used by a wife to refer to her own husband (with a traditional nuance) or to mean 'master/owner'.
Padrões gramaticais
Expressões idiomáticas
"ご主人"
Another person's husband.
ご主人はお元気ですか？ (Is your husband doing well?)
neutral"主人の母"
My mother-in-law (husband's mother).
主人の母が遊びに来ます。 (My husband's mother is coming to visit.)
neutral"主人の実家"
My husband's family home.
お盆には主人の実家に帰省します。 (We go back to my husband's family home during Obon.)
neutral"主人と私"
My husband and I.
主人と私は週末によく映画を見に行きます。 (My husband and I often go to see movies on weekends.)
neutral"主人を持つ"
To have a master/owner (used for pets or servants, less common for humans now).
この犬は主人を持っています。 (This dog has an owner.)
neutral"主人役"
The host/master of ceremonies.
彼がパーティーの主人役を務めました。 (He played the role of host at the party.)
neutral"主人として"
As a master/host.
彼は主人として客をもてなしました。 (He entertained the guests as a host.)
neutral"主人顔"
A proud or self-important look (like one is the master).
彼は主人顔で座っていた。 (He sat with a self-important look.)
informal"主人の留守"
My husband's absence.
主人の留守中に友人が訪ねてきました。 (A friend visited while my husband was away.)
neutral"主人の意見"
My husband's opinion.
主人の意見を聞いてから決めます。 (I'll decide after hearing my husband's opinion.)
neutralFácil de confundir
Many learners get confused because it can mean 'husband' or 'master/owner'. The context is crucial for understanding its correct meaning.
When referring to a husband, it's often used by wives to refer to their own husband in a slightly traditional or humble way. When referring to a master or owner, it's used in contexts like a shop owner or a pet owner.
私の主人は会社員です。 (Watashi no shujin wa kaishain desu.) - My husband is an office worker. / ご主人はどちらにいらっしゃいますか？ (Goshujin wa dochira ni irasshaimasu ka?) - Where is your husband? (polite) / あの店の主人はとても親切です。 (Ano mise no shujin wa totemo shinsetsu desu.) - The owner of that shop is very kind.
This is a polite way to refer to someone else's husband, and it's easy to mix up with 主人 (shujin) when you're referring to your own.
ご主人 is used when speaking to or about someone else's husband. It includes the honorific prefix 'go-' (御) making it polite.
ご主人はお元気ですか？ (Goshujin wa ogenki desu ka?) - Is your husband well? / 彼女のご主人は医者です。 (Kanojo no goshujin wa isha desu.) - Her husband is a doctor.
This is another word for 'husband' and learners often wonder when to use it instead of 主人.
夫 is a more neutral and common term for 'husband'. It's generally safe to use in most situations, unlike 主人 which has a slightly more traditional or humble nuance when referring to one's own husband.
私の夫は料理が好きです。 (Watashi no otto wa ryōri ga suki desu.) - My husband likes cooking. / 夫と旅行に行きました。 (Otto to ryokō ni ikimashita.) - I went on a trip with my husband.
This can also mean 'husband' or 'master/patron', adding to the confusion with 主人.
旦那 can be a more casual or colloquial term for 'husband' (especially one's own husband). It can also refer to a patron or a male customer, similar to the 'master/owner' meaning of 主人 but often with a nuance of someone supporting or employing someone else.
うちの旦那は毎日遅くまで働いています。 (Uchi no danna wa mainichi osoku made hataraiteimasu.) - My husband works late every day. / お旦那さん、いらっしゃいませ。 (Odannasan, irasshaimase.) - Welcome, sir. (used by shop staff to a male customer)
The added 'sama' makes it even more polite, but can be confusing in terms of when it's appropriate.
ご主人様 is a highly honorific and very polite term. It's often used by servants to their master/owner, or sometimes in very formal or specific contexts like addressing a landlord or a very important client. It's rarely used to refer to one's own husband in daily conversation.
ご主人様、お食事の準備ができました。 (Goshujin-sama, oshokuji no junbi ga dekimashita.) - Master, dinner is ready.
Padrões de frases
私の主人は[職業]です。
私の主人は医者です。 (My husband is a doctor.)
主人は[趣味]が好きです。
主人は読書が好きです。 (My husband likes reading.)
主人はよく[場所]に行きます。
主人はよく出張に行きます。 (My husband often goes on business trips.)
主人は[性格]です。
主人は親切な人です。 (My husband is a kind person.)
これは主人の[物]です。
これは主人の本です。 (This is my husband's book.)
主人の意見は[意見]です。
主人の意見はいつも参考になります。 (My husband's opinion is always helpful.)
主人は私に[動詞]させました。
主人は私に新しいドレスを買わせました。 (My husband made me buy a new dress.)
主人は[状況]にもかかわらず、[行動]しました。
主人は忙しいにもかかわらず、手伝ってくれました。 (My husband helped me despite being busy.)
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Como usar
主人 (shujin) is a term with a dual meaning that can sometimes cause confusion for learners. Historically and in certain contexts, it refers to the 'master' or 'head of a household'. However, in modern everyday Japanese, its most common usage is to refer to 'one's own husband'. It is a humble and somewhat old-fashioned way for a woman to refer to her husband when speaking to others. While still understood, some younger generations might opt for more neutral terms like 夫 (otto) or 旦那 (danna) in casual conversation. When referring to someone else's husband, it is generally more polite to use ご主人 (goshujin).
A common mistake is using 主人 to refer to someone else's husband. For example, saying 「これはあなたの主人です」 (Kore wa anata no shujin desu - This is your husband) would sound very awkward and impolite. Instead, you should say 「これはあなたのご主人です」 (Kore wa anata no goshujin desu). Another mistake is using it as a general term for 'man' or 'male person'. It specifically refers to 'one's own husband' or, in certain contexts, 'master'. Using it out of these contexts would be incorrect.
Memorize
Mnemônico
Think of 'SHU' for 'shoe' and 'JIN' for 'jin'gle. Imagine your HUSBAND's shoes jingle-bell walking around the house. Or, if thinking of 'master,' a 'master' wearing fancy 'shoes' and making a 'jingle' with their keys.
Associação visual
Picture a happy couple, with the wife lovingly pointing to her husband and saying '主人'. For the 'master' meaning, visualize a dog wagging its tail excitedly at its '主人'.
Word Web
Desafio
Try to form a sentence where you introduce your 'husband' using 主人, or describe a pet's loyalty to its 'master'. For example, '私の主人は料理が得意です。' (My husband is good at cooking.)
Origem da palavra
Comes from the words 主 (shu) meaning 'master' or 'lord', and 人 (jin/nin) meaning 'person'.
Significado original: Originally referred to the head of a household or a master in a master-servant relationship.
Sino-JapaneseContexto cultural
When referring to one's husband, it’s a more traditional and humble term. While still used, especially by older generations or in certain formal contexts, many younger Japanese women might prefer calling their husband by his name or using terms like 夫 (otto) or sometimes even the more modern パートナー (partner). It's good to be aware of the nuances when choosing how to refer to a husband.
Pratique na vida real
Contextos reais
Talking about your own husband
- 私の主人は会社員です。
- 私の主人は料理が得意です。
- 主人は毎日早く帰ってきます。
Referring to the male head of a traditional Japanese household (less common in modern usage)
- この家の主人は彼です。
- 主人の留守中、私が家を守ります。
- 主人が畑仕事をしていました。
Referring to the owner of a shop or business (can be male or female, but traditionally male)
- このお店の主人はとても親切です。
- 主人が今日は休みです。
- 主人が新しいメニューを考えました。
When speaking to someone about their husband (using a more formal or respectful tone, though ご主人 (go-shujin) is more common)
- 主人はお元気ですか？
- 主人はお仕事がお忙しいですか？
- 主人はゴルフがお好きですか？
In historical or literary contexts, referring to a master or lord
- 家臣は主人に忠誠を誓った。
- 主人の命令には逆らえない。
- あの武士は主人を失った。
Iniciadores de conversa
"あなたの主人はどんな人ですか？"
"主人は普段何をしていますか？"
"あなたの国では、夫婦をどう呼びますか？"
"お店の主人と話したことがありますか？どんな人でしたか？"
"日本の昔の物語で、主人と家来の関係について何か知っていますか？"
Temas para diário
今日の出来事を主人に話すとしたら、何を話しますか？
もしあなたがお店の主人だったら、どんなお店を開きたいですか？
あなたの理想の主人像（夫として、または雇い主として）を考えてみてください。
「主人」という言葉から連想される日本の文化や習慣について書いてみましょう。
もしあなたが歴史上の人物で、主人に仕える立場だったら、どんなことをしますか？
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasBoth 主人 (shujin) and 夫 (otto) mean 'husband.' However, 主人 (shujin) can sound a bit old-fashioned or formal when referring to your own husband. It can also imply a sense of the husband being the 'head of the household' or 'master,' which some people might not prefer. 夫 (otto) is a more neutral and common term for 'husband' used today. You'll hear both, but 夫 (otto) is generally safer and more current.
Yes, you can. When talking about someone else's husband, it's generally fine to use 主人 (shujin) as an honorific, similar to how you might say 'Mr. Smith.' For example, スミスさんのご主人 (sumisu-san no goshujin) means 'Mr. Smith's husband.' However, ご主人 (goshujin) with the honorific 'go-' is more polite and commonly used in this context.
Not always. While it frequently means 'husband,' 主人 (shujin) can also mean 'master' or 'owner.' For example, 犬の主人 (inu no shujin) means 'the dog's owner,' and 店の主人 (mise no shujin) means 'the shop owner.' The context will usually make the meaning clear.
It's not necessarily rude, but it can sound a bit dated or sometimes even a little condescending depending on the couple's dynamic. Many younger couples prefer 夫 (otto) or even just referring to him by name. Some women use it, and it's a personal choice, but be aware of its nuances. It's often used when talking about your husband to others rather than to him.
Here are a few:
- 私の主人 (watashi no shujin): My husband
- ご主人様 (goshujin-sama): Master (very polite, often used in service or historical contexts, or by pets in manga/anime)
- ご主人はお元気ですか？ (goshujin wa ogenki desu ka?): Is your husband well? (Polite question)
You would typically use the polite form, ご主人 (goshujin). So you could say: こちらはご主人ですか？ (Kochira wa goshujin desu ka?) - 'Is this your husband?' or この方がご主人ですか？ (Kono kata ga goshujin desu ka?) - 'Is this person your husband?'
主人 (shujin) is made of two kanji:
- 主 (shu): This means 'master,' 'lord,' 'chief,' or 'main.'
- 人 (jin): This means 'person.'
No, 主人 (shujin) specifically refers to a married husband or a master/owner. For a boyfriend, you'd use 彼氏 (kareshi). For a fiancé, you'd use 婚約者 (konyakusha) or 夫 (otto) if you're talking about him as your future husband, but not 主人 (shujin) until after marriage.
Yes. Besides 夫 (otto), another common term is 旦那 (danna). 旦那 (danna) is generally casual and friendly, often used among friends. It can also mean 'patron' or 'master' in some contexts. So you have:
- 主人 (shujin): Can be formal or slightly dated for your own husband, polite for others' husbands.
- 夫 (otto): Neutral, common, and polite for your own husband.
- 旦那 (danna): Casual for your own husband, also 'patron.'
Understanding the nuances helps you choose the most appropriate word for different situations and avoid sounding impolite or old-fashioned. Japanese society places importance on respect and context, so using the right word for 'husband' demonstrates your understanding of these social cues. While people will likely understand what you mean regardless, using the most fitting term makes your Japanese sound more natural and sophisticated.
Teste-se 144 perguntas
私の___は会社員です。
The sentence means 'My husband is a company employee.' The word '主人' (shujin) means 'husband' in this context.
犬は___に従います。
The sentence means 'The dog obeys its master.' Here, '主人' (shujin) refers to 'master'.
彼女の___はとても優しいです。
The sentence means 'Her husband is very kind.' '主人' (shujin) is the correct word for husband.
その店の___は日本語が話せます。
The sentence means 'The master of that shop can speak Japanese.' '主人' (shujin) can also refer to the master or owner of a shop.
私の___は料理が上手です。
The sentence means 'My husband is good at cooking.' '主人' (shujin) is the appropriate word for husband.
猫は___と一緒に寝ます。
The sentence means 'The cat sleeps with its master.' '主人' (shujin) in this context means 'master'.
Which of these is typically used to refer to one's own husband?
主人 (shujin) is a common way for a wife to refer to her own husband. 先生 (sensei) means teacher, 友達 (tomodachi) means friend, and 家族 (kazoku) means family.
If someone is talking about their husband, they might say '私の___'. What word would fill the blank?
私の主人 (watashi no shujin) means 'my husband'. 学生 (gakusei) means student, 猫 (neko) means cat, and 車 (kuruma) means car.
In a traditional context, '主人 (shujin)' can also refer to the 'master' of a house or business. Which sentence shows this meaning?
While the other options use 主人 (shujin) to mean 'husband', this sentence uses it to mean 'master' of a shop.
主人 (shujin) is a polite way to refer to someone else's husband.
主人 (shujin) is typically used by a wife to refer to her own husband. For someone else's husband, you would use a different term like ご主人 (goshujin).
The word 主人 (shujin) can mean both 'one's own husband' and 'master'.
主人 (shujin) has these two common meanings: one's own husband and the master of a house or business.
If a woman introduces her partner as '私の主人 (watashi no shujin)', she is referring to her boyfriend.
私の主人 (watashi no shujin) specifically means 'my husband'. For a boyfriend, a different term like 彼氏 (kareshi) would be used.
Write a short sentence introducing your husband using 「主人」. For example, 'My husband is a teacher.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の主人は先生です。
Write a sentence saying 'My husband likes coffee.'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の主人はコーヒーが好きです。
Write a sentence asking 'Is your husband a company employee?'
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
ご主人は会社員ですか。
What nationality is '私の主人'?
Read this passage:
私の主人は日本人です。彼は毎日、会社に行きます。仕事はとても忙しいです。
What nationality is '私の主人'?
The passage states '私の主人は日本人です。' which means 'My husband is Japanese.'
The passage states '私の主人は日本人です。' which means 'My husband is Japanese.'
What is '私の主人'’s job?
Read this passage:
私の主人は英語の先生です。彼は英語を教えるのが好きです。
What is '私の主人'’s job?
The passage says '私の主人は英語の先生です。' which translates to 'My husband is an English teacher.'
The passage says '私の主人は英語の先生です。' which translates to 'My husband is an English teacher.'
What does '私の主人' do every day according to the passage?
Read this passage:
私の主人は毎日、新聞を読みます。そして、朝食を食べます。
What does '私の主人' do every day according to the passage?
The passage states '私の主人は毎日、新聞を読みます。' meaning 'My husband reads the newspaper every day.'
The passage states '私の主人は毎日、新聞を読みます。' meaning 'My husband reads the newspaper every day.'
This sentence means 'My husband is Japanese.' The word order is 'My husband is Japanese.'
This sentence means 'My husband went to work.' The word order is 'Husband (topic marker) work to went.'
This sentence means 'He is my husband.' The word order is 'He (topic marker) my husband is.'
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女は私の___です。(She is my husband.)
主人 (shujin) refers to 'one's husband'. 妻 (tsuma) means 'wife', 彼氏 (kareshi) means 'boyfriend', and 彼女 (kanojo) means 'girlfriend' or 'she'.
Which of the following can mean 'master' in a traditional sense, like the head of a household?
主人 (shujin) can also refer to a 'master' or 'head of a household'. 学生 (gakusei) means 'student', 先生 (sensei) means 'teacher', and 友達 (tomodachi) means 'friend'.
In the sentence, '私の主人は料理が上手です。(My husband is good at cooking.)', what does 主人 refer to?
主人 (shujin) is a humble way to refer to one's own husband.
主人 is commonly used to refer to someone else's husband.
主人 (shujin) is typically used to refer to one's own husband. When referring to someone else's husband, words like ご主人 (goshujin) are used.
The word 主人 can be used to mean 'master' in the context of an owner of a shop.
Yes, 主人 (shujin) can also mean 'master' or 'owner', particularly in traditional contexts like a shop owner or head of a household.
主人 is a formal way to address your own husband directly.
While it refers to one's own husband, 主人 (shujin) is more often used when speaking about him to others, rather than addressing him directly. It can sound a bit distant if used directly.
My husband is at work now.
This is my husband.
My husband came home.
Read this aloud:
私の主人は医者です。
Focus: しゅじん (shujin)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
主人は料理が好きです。
Focus: すきです (sukidesu)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
主人は毎日早く起きます。
Focus: まいにち (mainichi)
Você disse:
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This sentence means 'My husband is a doctor.' The order follows a typical Japanese sentence structure: topic (私の主人) + は particle + description (医者です).
This sentence means 'My husband always comes home early.' The order is topic (主人) + は particle + adverb (いつも) + adverb (早く) + verb (帰ります).
This sentence means 'He is my master's friend' or 'He is my husband's friend.' The order is topic (彼) + は particle + possessive (主人の) + noun (友人) + です.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女は優しい___を持っています。
While 主人 (shujin) can mean 'husband,' when referring to someone else's husband, it's polite to use ご主人 (goshujin). 夫 (otto) is another word for 'husband' but is more commonly used for one's own, and 彼氏 (kareshi) means 'boyfriend.'
Which sentence correctly uses 主人 to refer to one's own husband?
主人 (shujin) is typically used to refer to one's own husband. When talking about someone else's husband, ご主人 (goshujin) is more appropriate. The last option is also correct, as 'my' is implied.
In a traditional Japanese household setting, who would the wife refer to as 主人?
In a traditional context, a wife would refer to her husband as 主人 (shujin). It implies a sense of 'master' or 'head of the household,' though its usage for 'husband' is more common now.
主人 can be used to politely refer to someone else's husband.
This is false. When referring to someone else's husband, the more polite term is ご主人 (goshujin). 主人 (shujin) is generally used for one's own husband.
In a historical context, 主人 could also mean 'master' of a household or a shop.
This is true. While commonly meaning 'husband' today, historically and in certain contexts, 主人 (shujin) also means 'master' or 'owner' of a house, shop, or establishment.
It is always appropriate to use 主人 when talking about your own husband in any social situation.
This is false. While 主人 (shujin) is used for one's own husband, in very formal situations or when speaking to someone of higher status, 夫 (otto) might be considered more neutral or humble. The usage can depend on the specific social context and speaker's relationship.
The speaker is talking about their husband's current activity.
The speaker is describing their husband's profession.
The speaker is asking about the owner of a dog.
Read this aloud:
主人は料理が得意です。
Focus: しゅじん (shujin)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
私の主人はとても優しい人です。
Focus: やさしい (yasashii)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
主人が帰ってきたら、食事にしましょう。
Focus: かえってきたら (kaettekitarra)
Você disse:
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Write a sentence introducing your friend's husband using 主人 (shujin).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の友達の主人はとても親切な人です。
Imagine you are talking about your own husband. Write a short sentence about something he likes to do, using 主人 (shujin).
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の主人は週末にゴルフをするのが好きです。
You are writing a letter to someone and need to refer to the 'master' of a traditional Japanese inn. Write a sentence using 主人 (shujin) in this context.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
その旅館の主人はとても丁寧な方でした。
佐藤さんの主人は何をする人ですか？
Read this passage:
佐藤さんは今朝、主人が作った朝食を食べました。主人はいつも早起きです。
佐藤さんの主人は何をする人ですか？
文章に「主人が作った朝食」とあるので、佐藤さんの主人は朝食を作る人だとわかります。
文章に「主人が作った朝食」とあるので、佐藤さんの主人は朝食を作る人だとわかります。
「彼」は何をしていますか？
Read this passage:
これは私の主人の会社です。彼はそこで毎日働いています。
「彼」は何をしていますか？
「彼はそこで毎日働いています」とあるので、会社で毎日働いていることがわかります。
「彼はそこで毎日働いています」とあるので、会社で毎日働いていることがわかります。
この庭園は誰のものでしたか？
Read this passage:
この庭園は昔、ある裕福な主人のものでした。彼は美しい花を育てるのが好きでした。
この庭園は誰のものでしたか？
「この庭園は昔、ある裕福な主人のものでした」と明記されています。
「この庭園は昔、ある裕福な主人のものでした」と明記されています。
'私の主人' means 'my husband'. '料理が得意です' means 'is good at cooking'. The particles connect the phrases.
'彼が' means 'he is'. 'この店の主人' means 'the master of this shop'. The order clarifies who is the master.
'主人は' means 'my husband (or master)'. '今' means 'now'. '出かけています' means 'is out/gone out'.
彼女はいつも___を立てて、彼の意見を尊重する。
In this context, '主人' (shujin) refers to one's husband. The sentence means 'She always respects her husband's opinion.'
その犬は新しい___によく懐いているようだ。
Here, '主人' (shujin) means 'master' in the context of a pet owner. The sentence means 'The dog seems to be very attached to its new master.'
___は単身赴任で大阪に住んでいる。
'主人' (shujin) is used here to refer to 'her husband'. The sentence means 'Her husband is living in Osaka on a solo transfer.'
使用人は___の命令に忠実に従った。
In this sentence, '主人' (shujin) means 'master' in the sense of an employer. The sentence means 'The servant faithfully obeyed the master's orders.'
夕食後、___と一緒にテレビを見るのが彼女の習慣だ。
'主人' (shujin) refers to 'her husband' in this context. The sentence means 'It's her habit to watch TV with her husband after dinner.'
この家の___は庭の手入れをとても大切にしている。
Here, '主人' (shujin) can refer to the 'master' or 'head of the household'. The sentence means 'The master of this house takes great care of the garden.'
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女は優しい___を持っています。
While 夫 (otto) also means husband, 主人 (shujin) is often used with a nuance of respect or when speaking to someone outside the family about one's husband.
Which of the following sentences uses 主人 correctly in the context of 'master'?
In this sentence, 主人 refers to the owner or master of the dog, which is a correct usage.
When referring to 'my husband' in a more formal or respectful way, which is a good choice?
主人 (shujin) can be used to refer to 'my husband' in a polite or slightly more formal context, especially when speaking to someone outside the family. 夫 (otto) is also common but can be more neutral.
主人 can only refer to a husband, never a master of an animal or servant.
主人 can refer to both one's husband and a master/owner (e.g., of a pet or a shop).
When talking about your own husband to someone outside your family, using 主人 is generally considered polite.
Yes, 主人 is a common and polite way to refer to one's own husband when speaking to outsiders.
The word 主人 is at the CEFR A2 level, but these exercises are designed for B2 learners.
The word itself is A2, but the contextual usage and nuanced understanding required for these exercises are at the B2 level.
What should be done when the husband returns?
What is the speaker's husband's profession?
Who lived in the house in the past?
Read this aloud:
主人は今、出張中です。
Focus: しゅじんはいま、しゅっちょうちゅうです
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
私は主人の健康を願っています。
Focus: わたしはしゅじんのけんこうをねがっています
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
その犬は主人によく懐いています。
Focus: そのいぬはしゅじんによくなついています
Você disse:
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Imagine you are introducing your husband to a new friend. Write a short sentence using 主人 to describe him.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
こちらは私の主人です。 (This is my husband.)
Write a sentence using 主人 to refer to the male head of a household or the master of a pet.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
その犬は主人によく懐いている。(That dog is very attached to its master.)
You are writing a diary entry about a conversation you had with your husband. Write a sentence from your diary entry that includes 主人.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今日、主人と将来の計画について話し合った。(Today, I discussed future plans with my husband.)
この文の「主人」は誰を指していますか？
Read this passage:
先日、私の主人が新しい仕事を見つけました。彼はとても喜んでいて、私も嬉しいです。これを機に、家族で旅行に行きたいと思っています。
この文の「主人」は誰を指していますか？
文脈から「私の主人」は筆者自身の夫を指しています。'私の主人' (my husband) and '家族で旅行' (family trip) indicate it's the writer's husband.
文脈から「私の主人」は筆者自身の夫を指しています。'私の主人' (my husband) and '家族で旅行' (family trip) indicate it's the writer's husband.
この文の「主人」はどのような立場の人を指していますか？
Read this passage:
その店の主人は、いつも客に親切です。彼は朝早くから夜遅くまで店を開けています。
この文の「主人」はどのような立場の人を指していますか？
「その店の主人」という表現と、店を開けているという行動から、お店のオーナーを指していることがわかります。'店の主人' (master of the shop) and '店を開けています' (opens the shop) implies he is the owner.
「その店の主人」という表現と、店を開けているという行動から、お店のオーナーを指していることがわかります。'店の主人' (master of the shop) and '店を開けています' (opens the shop) implies he is the owner.
「私の主人」はどのような活動を週末にしますか？
Read this passage:
私の主人は週末にゴルフに行くのが好きです。私も時々一緒にコースを回ります。
「私の主人」はどのような活動を週末にしますか？
「私の主人は週末にゴルフに行くのが好きです」という文から、ゴルフに行くことがわかります。The sentence clearly states '私の主人は週末にゴルフに行くのが好きです' (My husband likes to go golfing on weekends).
「私の主人は週末にゴルフに行くのが好きです」という文から、ゴルフに行くことがわかります。The sentence clearly states '私の主人は週末にゴルフに行くのが好きです' (My husband likes to go golfing on weekends).
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女はパーティーで彼の___を友人に紹介した。
「主人」is often used by a wife to refer to her own husband, especially in more formal or traditional contexts. While 「夫」is also correct,「主人」 fits slightly better in a polite introduction.
Which of the following sentences uses 「主人」 correctly to refer to the owner of a shop or business?
「主人」 can refer to the master or owner of a place, like a shop, inn, or even a pet. The other options use 「主人」 to refer to a husband or master in a different context.
What is the most natural way to introduce your husband to someone in a somewhat formal setting?
「主人」 (shujin) is a common and polite way for a wife to refer to her husband, especially when introducing him to others in a somewhat formal or traditional context. While 「夫」 (otto) is also correct, 「主人」 carries a slightly more respectful nuance in this specific situation.
The word 「主人」 can be used by a man to refer to his wife.
「主人」 is used by a wife to refer to her husband, or to refer to a master/owner. A man would typically use 「妻」 (tsuma) or 「家内」 (kanai) to refer to his wife.
It is always appropriate to use 「主人」 when referring to someone's husband, regardless of the speaker's relationship to the husband or the formality of the situation.
While 「主人」 is a polite term for 'my husband' when spoken by a wife, or 'master/owner', it's not universally appropriate for all situations or all speakers. For example, a third person might use 「ご主人」 (go-shujin) when speaking to a wife about her husband, or simply 「夫」 (otto).
When referring to the owner of a traditional Japanese inn (旅館), 「主人」 is an appropriate term.
「主人」 is commonly used to refer to the male owner or master of a business, such as a shop, restaurant, or traditional inn (旅館).
My husband came back, let's talk about this matter.
The master of this shop is always kind to customers.
My husband is very good at cooking.
Read this aloud:
私の主人は会社を経営しています。
Focus: しゅじん (shujin), けいえい (keiei)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
犬は主人に忠実な動物だ。
Focus: ちゅうじつ (chūjitsu), どうぶつ (dōbutsu)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
主人が出張でしばらく家を空けています。
Focus: しゅっちょう (shutchō), しばらく (shibaraku)
Você disse:
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Imagine you are introducing your husband (主人) to a new acquaintance. Write a short paragraph in Japanese, describing him briefly. Include at least two adjectives and one hobby.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
私の主人は田中健一です。彼はとても優しくて、いつも私を助けてくれます。趣味は読書で、週末はよく図書館に行きます。
You are writing a diary entry about a disagreement with your husband (主人). Describe the situation and your feelings in 3-4 sentences, using '主人' at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
今日は主人と少し喧嘩をしてしまいました。彼は私の意見を理解してくれないようで、少し悲しいです。でも、話し合えばきっと解決できると信じています。
Write a short letter (3-4 sentences) to your husband (主人) who is on a business trip, telling him something you miss about him or something you are looking forward to doing together when he returns.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
主人へ、出張お疲れ様です。あなたがいないと家が少し寂しいです。早く帰ってきて、一緒に映画を見るのが楽しみです。気をつけて帰ってきてくださいね。
佐藤さんは何について心配していますか？
Read this passage:
佐藤さんは最近、主人の健康について心配しています。毎日の仕事が忙しく、主人はあまり運動する時間がありません。佐藤さんは、主人のために新しい健康的なレシピを調べています。
佐藤さんは何について心配していますか？
文章の冒頭に「佐藤さんは最近、主人の健康について心配しています」と明記されています。
文章の冒頭に「佐藤さんは最近、主人の健康について心配しています」と明記されています。
この村の主人について、どのような特徴が述べられていますか？
Read this passage:
昔々、ある村に意地悪な主人がいました。彼は村人たちに毎日重い労働を課し、少しも休ませませんでした。しかし、ある日、若い旅人がその村にやってきて、主人の行いに疑問を呈しました。
この村の主人について、どのような特徴が述べられていますか？
「意地悪な主人がいました」という記述と、「村人たちに毎日重い労働を課し、少しも休ませませんでした」という内容から判断できます。
「意地悪な主人がいました」という記述と、「村人たちに毎日重い労働を課し、少しも休ませませんでした」という内容から判断できます。
山本さんは休日にどこへ行きますか？
Read this passage:
山本さんは、休日にいつも主人の実家を訪ねます。主人の両親は山本さんをいつも温かく迎えてくれます。特に、お義母さんの作る手料理は絶品で、山本さんはいつも楽しみにしています。
山本さんは休日にどこへ行きますか？
「休日にいつも主人の実家を訪ねます」と明確に書かれています。
「休日にいつも主人の実家を訪ねます」と明確に書かれています。
This sentence means 'My husband is good at cooking.' The particles が (ga) and は (wa) indicate the subject and topic, respectively, which is standard Japanese sentence structure.
This sentence means 'The store owner bowed deeply to the customer.' In this context, 主人 (shujin) refers to the store owner or master, and 客様に (o-kyaku-sama ni) indicates 'to the customer'.
This sentence means 'He is the master of this house.' The possessive particle の (no) connects 「この家」 (kono ie - this house) with 「主人」 (shujin - master).
彼女はいつも___を立てて、彼の意見を尊重する。
この文脈では、敬意を払う対象として「主人」が最も適切です。特に「立てる」という動詞と合わせて使われることが多いです。
その家の___は、昔ながらの厳しいしつけで知られていた。
この文脈での「主人」は、その家の長、つまり家長を指します。格式ばった表現で、その家の権威を示す場合に使われます。
店先に立つ彼は、まるでこの店の___のようだ。
この文脈では「主人」は、店主や店長を指します。その場所の責任者、所有者という意味合いで使われます。
ペットの犬は、いつも___の帰りを待ちわびている。
動物が人に対して使う「主人」は、飼い主を指します。特にペットが慕う相手に対して使われることが多いです。
「奥様、___はどちらにいらっしゃいますか？」と尋ねた。
他人に対して相手の夫を尋ねる場合は、敬意を込めて「ご主人」を使います。「主人」は自分の夫を指す場合に使うのが一般的です。
彼女は、___の仕事が忙しいので、家事を全てこなしている。
自分の夫について話す際に「主人」を使うのは一般的で、少し丁寧な印象を与えます。
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: 彼女はパーティーに___と一緒に行きました。
While 夫 (otto) and 旦那 (danna) also mean husband, 主人 (shujin) is often used when speaking about one's own husband in a more formal or slightly traditional context, especially when introducing him to others or referring to him in public. 彼氏 (kareshi) means boyfriend.
In a traditional Japanese household setting, who would typically be referred to as 主人 (shujin) by the wife?
主人 (shujin) traditionally refers to the head of the household, which is usually the husband. It also means 'master' in other contexts.
Which of the following sentences correctly uses 主人 (shujin) in the sense of 'master'?
犬は主人に忠実です。 (Inu wa shujin ni chūjitsu desu.) means 'The dog is loyal to its master.' This sentence clearly uses 主人 in the sense of 'master.' The other options use it in the sense of 'husband' or imply 'our husband/my husband' if context were provided.
主人 (shujin) can be used to refer to someone's husband without any implication of a master-servant relationship.
Yes, 主人 (shujin) is commonly used by wives to refer to their own husband, especially in more formal or traditional settings, without necessarily implying a master-servant dynamic. It's a respectful term for one's husband.
It is common for a man to refer to his wife as 私の主人 (watashi no shujin).
No, this is incorrect. 主人 (shujin) is a term used by a wife to refer to her husband. A man would typically refer to his wife as 妻 (tsuma) or 奥さん (okusan).
When referring to the owner of a pet, 主人 (shujin) can be used.
Yes, 主人 (shujin) can indeed be used to refer to the 'master' or owner of a pet, especially in the context of an animal's loyalty to its owner.
Listen for 'shujin' and understand the instruction about a letter.
Pay attention to 'shujin' in the context of a shop owner.
Identify 'shujin' and what they are good at.
Read this aloud:
私の主人はとても優しい人です。
Focus: しゅじん (shujin)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
この犬の主人はどこにいますか？
Focus: しゅじん (shujin)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
主人が出かける前に、朝食を用意しました。
Focus: しゅじん (shujin), まえに (mae ni)
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Imagine you are introducing your spouse in a formal setting in Japan. Write a short paragraph about them, using "主人" appropriately. Focus on politeness and context.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
こちらは私の主人でございます。彼は会社員をしており、休日は一緒にゴルフを楽しむことが多いです。
You are writing a diary entry about a difficult decision your husband made. How would you describe his role and your feelings using "主人"? (max 3 sentences)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
主人は先日、大変な決断をしました。その重荷を思うと、私も心配でたまりません。しかし、私は主人を信じ、共に歩んでいきたいと思います。
Describe a hypothetical scenario where someone might use "主人" to refer to a 'master' (e.g., of a pet, a shop). Explain the context.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
この犬は賢いので、主人の言うことをよく聞きます。また、昔の徒弟制度では、職人が弟子を「主人」と呼ぶこともありました。これは、単なる所有者ではなく、敬意を込めた呼称です。
この文章から読み取れることとして、最も適切なものはどれですか？
Read this passage:
先日、友人と食事をしていた時のことです。友人が「うちの主人がね、最近ゴルフに夢中で、週末はいつもゴルフ場に行っているの」と話していました。私は彼女の主人がとても活動的な人なのだなと思いました。しかし、別の友人は「私はまだ結婚していないから、主人がいる生活は想像できないわ」と笑っていました。
この文章から読み取れることとして、最も適切なものはどれですか？
例文中の友人二人の会話から、「うちの主人がね」と自分の夫を指していること、「主人がいる生活」と結婚している状態を想像していることから、既婚女性が自分の夫を指すときに使う言葉であることがわかります。
例文中の友人二人の会話から、「うちの主人がね」と自分の夫を指していること、「主人がいる生活」と結婚している状態を想像していることから、既婚女性が自分の夫を指すときに使う言葉であることがわかります。
この文章において、「主人」の概念が現代社会でどのように変化していると述べられていますか？
Read this passage:
日本の伝統的な家屋では、家の主人が家族の中心であり、重要な決定を下す役割を担っていました。しかし、現代社会では家族のあり方も多様化し、この「主人」の概念も変化しつつあります。例えば、共働き夫婦が増え、夫婦で協力して家事や育児を行うことが一般的になっています。それでも、一部の伝統的な商店では、店主を「主人」と呼ぶ習慣が残っています。
この文章において、「主人」の概念が現代社会でどのように変化していると述べられていますか？
文章中には「現代社会では家族のあり方も多様化し、この『主人』の概念も変化しつつあります」と明記されており、共働き夫婦の例が挙げられています。
文章中には「現代社会では家族のあり方も多様化し、この『主人』の概念も変化しつつあります」と明記されており、共働き夫婦の例が挙げられています。
この物語において、「主人」が指すのは誰ですか？
Read this passage:
昔々、あるところに、美しい犬を飼っている裕福な主人がいました。その主人は、犬を非常に可愛がり、いつも最高の食事を与え、手厚く世話をしていました。しかし、ある日、主人が病気で倒れてしまい、犬の世話ができなくなってしまいました。村人たちは犬を心配しましたが、犬は主人が回復するまで、何も食べずに寄り添い続けました。
この物語において、「主人」が指すのは誰ですか？
文章では「美しい犬を飼っている裕福な主人がいました」とあり、その主人が犬を可愛がり、世話をしていたことから、犬の飼い主を指していると分かります。選択肢「裕福な男性」と「病気の男性」も部分的には正しいですが、「犬の飼い主」が最も包括的で正確です。
文章では「美しい犬を飼っている裕福な主人がいました」とあり、その主人が犬を可愛がり、世話をしていたことから、犬の飼い主を指していると分かります。選択肢「裕福な男性」と「病気の男性」も部分的には正しいですが、「犬の飼い主」が最も包括的で正確です。
This sentence means 'My husband is a doctor.' '私' (I) + 'の' (possessive particle) indicates possession. '主人' means husband. 'は' is the topic marker. '医者' means doctor. 'です' is a polite copula.
This sentence means 'He is my husband.' '彼' means he. 'は' is the topic marker. '私' (I) + 'の' (possessive particle) indicates possession. '主人' means husband. 'です' is a polite copula.
This sentence means 'The master plays with the dog.' '主人' can also mean master. 'は' is the topic marker. '犬' means dog. 'と' is a particle indicating 'with'. '遊びます' means plays.
/ 144 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
主人 (shujin) is a versatile word, most commonly meaning 'my husband' but also 'master' depending on the situation.
- Humble term for 'my husband'.
- Can also mean 'master' or 'owner'.
- Context is key for understanding.
Exemplo
私の主人はエンジニアです。
Conteúdo relacionado
Esta palavra em outros idiomas
Gramática relacionada
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還暦
B160th birthday (celebration of completing a 60-year cycle).
〜くらい
B1About; approximately; to the extent that.
認め合う
B1To recognize each other's worth; to acknowledge.
知人
B1Acquaintance.
顔見知り
A2Acquaintance; someone you know by sight.
甘える
B1To be spoiled, to fawn; to behave like a pampered child.
活発な
B1Active; lively; vigorous.
思春期
B1Adolescence; the period of transition from childhood to adulthood.
養子
B1Adopted child; a child taken into one's family by legal means.
養親
B2Adoptive parent.
