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A2 adjective #5,000 mais comum 11 min de leitura

고집이 세다

gojibi seda
Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas 고집이 세다 em 30 segundos
Explicação 고집이 세다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are just beginning to grasp basic vocabulary and simple sentence structures. Understanding abstract concepts like personality traits such as 'stubborn' might be challenging. Focus would be on recognizing the word in very simple contexts, perhaps associated with pictures of children refusing something. Explanations would be extremely basic, possibly using single words or very short phrases. The goal is recognition, not production.
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A2 learners can understand and use common words and phrases related to everyday situations. They can describe their background, immediate environment, and needs in simple terms. '고집이 세다' fits well here as it describes a common observable behavior. Explanations can involve simple definitions and short, clear example sentences. Learners at this level can start to use the phrase in basic descriptive sentences about people they know.
At the B1 level, learners can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters. They can produce simple connected text on topics which are familiar or of personal interest. '고집이 세다' can be used to discuss character in more detail, compare people's traits, or explain reasons for certain behaviors. Explanations can delve into nuances and common contexts.
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B2 learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. They can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible. At this level, learners can appreciate the subtle differences between '고집이 세다' and similar terms, understand its implications in social dynamics, and use it in more sophisticated discussions about personality and motivation.
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C1 learners have a high degree of grammatical accuracy and can use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic and professional purposes. They can understand a wide range of demanding, longer texts, and recognize implicit meaning. For C1 learners, '고집이 세다' would be understood in its full idiomatic and cultural context, including its potential positive and negative connotations, and used to express nuanced opinions about character and behavior.
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C2 learners have a mastery of the language and can understand virtually everything heard or read with ease. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. At this level, '고집이 세다' would be understood not just as a lexical item but as part of a broader cultural understanding of personality, potentially analyzed for its etymological roots and social implications.
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Pratique Exemplos Notas e dicas

고집이 세다 em 30 segundos

  • Describes someone who is very firm in their opinions or plans.
  • Means to be stubborn, unyielding, or inflexible.
  • Often used to characterize a person's strong will and resistance to change.
  • Can be seen neutrally, positively (determination), or negatively (inflexibility).

Understanding '고집이 세다'

The Korean phrase '고집이 세다' (gojibi seda) is a common way to describe someone who is stubborn. It's not necessarily a harsh criticism, but it points to a strong will and a reluctance to change one's mind. Imagine a child who absolutely refuses to eat broccoli, or a friend who insists on taking a specific route even when there's heavy traffic – these are situations where '고집이 세다' might apply.

People use this phrase when they observe someone being particularly fixed in their ways. It can be used in everyday conversations among friends, family, or colleagues. For instance, if a group is planning a trip and one person is adamantly against any suggestion that deviates from their original idea, others might comment, '저 사람은 정말 고집이 세요' (That person is really stubborn).

It's important to note that '고집이 세다' can sometimes be seen as a negative trait, implying inflexibility or difficulty in cooperating. However, in certain contexts, it can also imply determination or strong conviction, especially if the person's '고집' is directed towards a noble cause or a deeply held principle. For example, an artist who refuses to compromise on their creative vision might be described as having '고집이 세다' in a way that highlights their dedication to their art.

Consider the nuance: if someone is stubborn about something trivial, it might be seen as annoying. But if they are stubborn about standing up for what they believe is right, it might be viewed more positively as conviction. The context and the speaker's tone play a significant role in how this phrase is perceived.

Let's look at some examples to solidify this understanding. If your friend always wants to go to the same restaurant and refuses to try new places, you might say, '제 친구는 정말 고집이 세서 새로운 식당에 가자고 해도 안 가요.' (My friend is so stubborn that even if I suggest going to a new restaurant, they won't go.) This clearly illustrates the unwillingness to change or try new things.

Another common scenario is within a family. A parent might say to their child, '네 고집대로만 하려고 하지 말고 엄마 말을 들어봐.' (Don't just try to do things your way; listen to what Mom says.) This highlights the parental attempt to guide a child who is being particularly set in their own ways.

In summary, '고집이 세다' is a descriptive phrase for someone who is firm in their decisions and resistant to change. It’s a versatile expression used in various social settings to characterize a person’s unyielding nature.

Literal Breakdown
고집 (gojip) means stubbornness, obstinacy, or tenacity. 세다 (seda) means to be strong.
Usage Context
Used to describe individuals who are resistant to changing their minds, opinions, or plans. It can be perceived neutrally, positively (as determination), or negatively (as inflexibility), depending on the situation.
Nuance
While often implying a negative trait of inflexibility, it can also denote strong conviction or determination when applied to someone pursuing a goal or principle steadfastly.

He is so stubborn that he never listens to anyone else's advice. 그는 남의 말을 절대 듣지 않는 고집이 센 사람이에요.

Constructing Sentences with '고집이 세다'

Using '고집이 세다' in sentences is quite straightforward. It functions as an adjective phrase describing a person's character. You can attach it directly to a noun (like '사람' - person) or use it predicatively after a subject.

The most common structure is Subject + (Object) + 고집이 세다. For example, '그 아이는 고집이 세다' (That child is stubborn). Here, '그 아이' (that child) is the subject, and '고집이 세다' describes the child.

You can also use it to modify a noun directly. To do this, you typically use the form '고집이 센' (gojibi sen) before the noun. For instance, '고집이 센 사람' means 'a stubborn person.' This is a very useful construction for describing people in more detail.

Let's explore various sentence patterns:

1. Predicative Use (Describing the subject):

- '우리 할아버지는 정말 고집이 세시다.' (Our grandfather is really stubborn.) - Note the honorific '세시다' used when referring to elders.

- '그녀는 자신의 의견에 대해 고집이 센 편이에요.' (She tends to be stubborn about her opinions.) - '편이에요' adds a nuance of 'tends to be' or 'is on the side of.'

- '이 문제는 그가 고집이 세서 해결하기 어려워요.' (This problem is difficult to solve because he is stubborn.)

2. Attributive Use (Modifying a noun):

- '고집이 센 아이들은 부모님을 힘들게 할 수 있어요.' (Stubborn children can make parents' lives difficult.)

- '그는 고집이 센 성격 때문에 직장에서 자주 마찰을 겪는다.' (He often experiences friction at work due to his stubborn personality.)

- '고집이 센 사람과는 타협하기가 쉽지 않다.' (It is not easy to compromise with a stubborn person.)

3. Using with other verbs or expressions:

- '그는 절대 자신의 생각을 바꾸지 않으려는 고집이 세다.' (He has a stubbornness that makes him never want to change his mind.) - This adds emphasis.

- '고집을 부리다' (to be stubborn, to insist) is a related verb phrase, and '고집이 세다' describes the inherent trait that leads to such actions.

When forming sentences, remember to conjugate the verb '세다' appropriately based on the politeness level you wish to convey (e.g., 세다, 세요, 습니다). The core meaning remains the same.

Basic Structure
Subject + 고집이 세다 (Predicate)
Attributive Form
고집이 센 + Noun
Example Sentence
아이들이 고집이 세서 원하는 것을 얻기 위해 울기도 한다. (Children are stubborn, so they sometimes cry to get what they want.)

This is a stubborn dog that never obeys commands. 이것은 말을 듣지 않는 고집이 센 개입니다.

Real-World Usage of '고집이 세다'

You'll hear '고집이 세다' in a wide variety of everyday Korean conversations. It's a descriptive term that people use frequently to characterize individuals or even themselves.

1. Family Conversations: Parents often use this phrase when talking about their children's behavior. For example, a mother might say to her friend, '우리 아들은 정말 고집이 세서 자기가 원하는 것만 하려고 해요.' (My son is so stubborn, he only wants to do what he wants.) Grandparents might also use it when discussing their grandchildren.

2. Among Friends: Friends might tease each other or describe a mutual acquaintance. '너 진짜 고집 세다. 내가 하자는 대로 좀 해봐!' (You're really stubborn. Just do as I suggest!) or '그 친구는 원래 고집이 세서 설득하기 어려워.' (That friend is naturally stubborn, so it's hard to persuade them.)

3. At Work/School: In a more professional or academic setting, it might be used to describe colleagues or students who are resistant to new ideas or methods. However, the tone might be more cautious or formal. '그 팀원은 고집이 센 편이라 새로운 제안에 대해 수용적이지 않습니다.' (That team member tends to be stubborn, so they are not receptive to new proposals.)

4. Media and Entertainment: You'll encounter this phrase in Korean dramas, movies, and variety shows. Characters might be portrayed as having '고집이 세다' to create conflict or humor. For instance, a character might be stubbornly pursuing a goal despite all odds, or stubbornly refusing to admit they are wrong.

5. Self-Description (with caution): While less common, someone might admit to being stubborn, often with a slight smile or a self-deprecating tone. '제가 좀 고집이 센 편이라서요.' (I tend to be a bit stubborn, so...)

The phrase is very common and easily understood by native Korean speakers. Its versatility allows it to be used in both casual and slightly more formal contexts, though its directness means it's often used among people who know each other well.

Common Scenarios
Discussing children's behavior, describing friends' personalities, explaining difficulties in decision-making or persuasion.
Media Examples
Often used for characters who are determined, unyielding, or resistant to change, contributing to plot development or humor.
Tone and Perception
Can range from affectionate teasing to mild criticism, depending on the relationship between speakers and the context of the stubbornness.

My grandmother is very stubborn and always insists on doing things her way. 우리 할머니는 고집이 아주 세셔서 항상 당신 방식대로 하시려고 해요.

Avoiding Pitfalls with '고집이 세다'

While '고집이 세다' is a common phrase, learners can sometimes misuse it or misunderstand its nuances. Here are some common mistakes to watch out for:

1. Confusing '고집이 세다' with '고집을 부리다':

- Mistake: Using '고집이 세다' when referring to a specific instance of stubborn behavior, rather than a personality trait.

- Correct Usage: '고집이 세다' describes a person's general disposition (they *are* stubborn). '고집을 부리다' (to act stubborn, to insist) describes a specific action or behavior of being stubborn in a particular situation.

- Example: You wouldn't say '그는 지금 고집이 세다' to mean 'He is being stubborn right now.' Instead, you'd say '그는 지금 고집을 부린다' or '그는 지금 고집이 세 보여요' (He seems stubborn right now).

2. Overusing it Negatively:

- Mistake: Assuming '고집이 세다' is always a strong criticism.

- Correct Usage: As mentioned before, it can sometimes imply determination or strong conviction, especially if the person's stubbornness is directed towards a principled stand. Context and tone are crucial.

3. Grammatical Errors:

- Mistake: Incorrectly conjugating '세다' or using it as a standalone verb without '고집이'.

- Correct Usage: Remember that '고집이 세다' is a fixed phrase. The verb '세다' needs to be conjugated according to politeness levels (e.g., 세요, 습니다). You cannot simply say '그는 세다' to mean 'He is strong' in this context.

- Mistake: Forgetting the particle '이' after '고집'.

- Correct Usage: It must be '고집이 세다', not '고집 세다'. The particle '이' marks '고집' as the subject of the verb '세다'.

4. Literal Translation Issues:

- Mistake: Trying to translate 'strong stubbornness' too literally into English in a way that sounds unnatural.

- Correct Usage: The direct English equivalent is 'to be stubborn.' While the literal breakdown helps understand the components, the idiomatic meaning is key.

Distinction: Trait vs. Action
'고집이 세다' describes a personality trait, while '고집을 부리다' refers to a specific instance of stubborn behavior.
Grammatical Accuracy
Always include the subject particle '이' after '고집' and conjugate '세다' correctly based on the politeness level.
Context is Key
Understand that '고집이 세다' is not always negative; it can imply determination or strong principles.

He is stubborn and insists on doing it his way. 그는 고집이 세서 자기 방식대로 하려고 해요.

Exploring Synonyms and Related Terms

While '고집이 세다' is the most common way to express stubbornness, Korean offers other words and phrases that convey similar or related meanings, each with its own nuance.

1. 완고하다 (wanggohada) - To be rigid/inflexible

Usage: This term is generally more formal and implies a deeper, more ingrained inflexibility. It suggests a resistance to change that is difficult to overcome.

Example: '그는 매우 완고해서 새로운 아이디어를 받아들이지 않는다.' (He is very rigid and does not accept new ideas.)

Comparison: '고집이 세다' can sometimes be used more casually and might imply a more active insistence, whereas '완고하다' suggests a passive but firm resistance.

2. 고집스럽다 (gojipseureopda) - To be stubborn-like/obstinate

Usage: This adjective is very similar to '고집이 세다' and is often used interchangeably. It directly relates to the noun '고집'.

Example: '그 아이는 정말 고집스럽게 자기 주장만 한다.' (That child stubbornly insists only on their own claims.)

Comparison: '고집스럽다' feels slightly more descriptive of the *manner* of being stubborn, while '고집이 세다' emphasizes the *strength* of the stubbornness.

3. 뚝심이 있다 (ttuksimi itda) - To have grit/tenacity (often positive)

Usage: This phrase often carries a more positive connotation, suggesting perseverance and strong will, especially in the face of difficulty. It's about not giving up.

Example: '그는 어려운 상황에서도 뚝심 있게 목표를 향해 나아갔다.' (He tenaciously moved towards his goal even in difficult situations.)

Comparison: While both involve a strong will, '고집이 세다' can imply resistance to external input, whereas '뚝심이 있다' is more about internal drive and resilience.

4. 옹고집 (onggojip) - A stubborn person (noun)

Usage: This is a noun used to refer to a person who is extremely stubborn. It's often used in a slightly more informal or even a somewhat endearing/frustrated way.

Example: '그는 완전 옹고집이야. 어떻게든 설득해야 해.' (He's a complete stubborn person. We have to persuade him somehow.)

Comparison: '옹고집' is a noun referring to the person, while '고집이 세다' is an adjective phrase describing the characteristic.

Formal Inflexibility
완고하다 (wanggohada) - More formal, implies deep-seated resistance to change.
Direct Synonym
고집스럽다 (gojipseureopda) - Very similar to '고집이 세다', emphasizes the manner of stubbornness.
Positive Perseverance
뚝심이 있다 (ttuksimi itda) - Often positive, implies grit and tenacity, not giving up.
Noun for Stubborn Person
옹고집 (onggojip) - A noun referring to a very stubborn individual.

He is a stubborn person who never changes his mind. 그는 절대 마음을 바꾸지 않는 옹고집이야.

How Formal Is It?

Curiosidade

The word '고집' itself has roots in Chinese characters (固執), where 固 (go) means 'firm' or 'solid' and 執 (jip) means 'to hold' or 'to grasp.' This etymology reinforces the idea of holding onto something firmly, which is central to the meaning of being stubborn.

Guia de pronúncia

UK /ˌɡo.d͡ʑip.i ˈse.da/
US /ˌɡo.d͡ʑip.i ˈse.da/
Stress typically falls on the second syllable of '고집' (go-JIP) and the first syllable of '세다' (SE-da).
Rima com
바보다 (baboda - foolish) 하다 (hada - to do) 가다 (gada - to go) 보다 (boda - to see) 주다 (juda - to give) 먹다 (meokda - to eat) 읽다 (ikda - to read) 쓰다 (sseuda - to write/use)
Erros comuns
  • Pronouncing 'j' as a simple 'z' sound instead of the affricate like 'j' in 'jump'.
  • Making the vowel sounds too long or too short.
  • Incorrectly placing stress on syllables.
  • Confusing the pronunciation with similar-sounding words.
  • Over-aspirating the 'ㄱ' (g) sound.

Nível de dificuldade

Leitura 3/5

At A2 level, '고집이 세다' is likely to appear in simple descriptive texts about people. Learners might encounter it in short stories or dialogues. Understanding its direct meaning is achievable, but grasping nuances might require more context. Difficulty increases with more complex sentence structures or abstract topics.

Escrita 3/5

Learners at A2 can start using '고집이 세다' in basic sentences to describe people. Producing more complex sentences or using it in nuanced ways requires practice. Common mistakes might include grammatical errors or misinterpreting its context.

Expressão oral 3/5

Pronouncing and using '고집이 세다' correctly in spoken Korean requires practice. Learners need to be aware of the appropriate politeness levels and contexts. Spontaneous use in conversations might be challenging initially.

Audição 3/5

Recognizing '고집이 세다' in spoken Korean is relatively easy due to its commonality. Understanding the speaker's tone and the context is crucial for interpreting whether it's a neutral observation, a criticism, or even a compliment.

O que aprender depois

Pré-requisitos

사람 (person) 아이 (child) 성격 (personality) 의견 (opinion) 말하다 (to speak) 듣다 (to listen) 생각 (thought) 결정 (decision)

Aprenda a seguir

고집을 부리다 (to insist, act stubborn) 융통성 없다 (to be inflexible) 완고하다 (to be rigid, inflexible) 뚝심 있다 (to have grit, perseverance) 설득하다 (to persuade)

Avançado

비타협적 (uncompromising) 원칙주의자 (principled person) 강직하다 (upright, principled) 독단적 (dogmatic) 개성 강하다 (to have a strong personality)

Gramática essencial

Using particles '이/가' as subject markers.

In '고집이 세다,' '이' marks '고집' (stubbornness) as the subject of the verb '세다' (is strong). This is a fundamental grammatical structure in Korean.

Verb conjugation for politeness levels.

'세다' can be conjugated to '세요' (polite) or '습니다' (formal) when used predicatively, as in '고집이 세세요' or '고집이 셉니다.'

Attributive form of adjectives/verbs.

The adjective phrase '고집이 세다' becomes '고집이 센' when placed before a noun, functioning as a modifier, e.g., '고집이 센 사람' (a stubborn person).

Using connecting endings like '-서' for cause and effect.

'고집이 세서 설득하기 어렵다' (Because they are stubborn, it is difficult to persuade them). The '-서' ending links the reason (stubbornness) to the result (difficulty in persuasion).

Using phrases like '~는 편이다' to indicate tendency.

'저는 좀 고집이 센 편이에요' (I tend to be a bit stubborn). This softens the statement and indicates a tendency rather than an absolute trait.

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Exemplos por nível

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1

그 아이는 말을 잘 안 들어요. 고집이 세요.

That child doesn't listen well. They are stubborn.

'고집이 세요' is used here as a predicate describing the child.

2

우리 아빠는 고집이 세서 한번 결정하면 바꾸지 않아요.

My dad is stubborn, so once he decides something, he doesn't change it.

'고집이 세서' is used to show the reason for not changing his decision.

3

그녀는 고집이 센 사람처럼 보여요.

She seems like a stubborn person.

'처럼 보여요' (seems like) is used to express an observation.

4

제 친구는 고집이 세서 자기 할 말만 해요.

My friend is stubborn, so they only say what they want to say.

'자기 할 말만 해요' means 'only says what they want to say.'

5

고집이 센 사람은 설득하기 어려워요.

It is difficult to persuade stubborn people.

'설득하기 어려워요' means 'difficult to persuade.'

6

그는 자기 생각이 고집이 세요.

His thoughts are stubborn. (He is stubborn about his thoughts.)

This phrasing emphasizes stubbornness regarding one's own ideas.

7

고집이 센 강아지는 훈련시키기 힘들어요.

Stubborn dogs are hard to train.

'고집이 센' is used attributively before the noun '강아지' (dog).

8

우리 할머니는 고집이 세지만 마음은 따뜻해요.

My grandmother is stubborn, but her heart is warm.

This shows a contrast: stubbornness combined with warmth.

1

그는 자신이 옳다고 믿는 것에 대해서는 정말 고집이 세다. 누구도 그를 설득할 수 없다.

He is truly stubborn about what he believes is right. No one can persuade him.

'~에 대해서는' means 'regarding' or 'about.' '누구도 ~ 수 없다' means 'no one can.'

2

예술가들은 종종 자신의 작품에 대해 고집이 센 편인데, 그것이 그들의 독창성을 지키는 방법이기도 하다.

Artists are often on the stubborn side regarding their work, and that is also a way to protect their originality.

'~는 편이다' means 'tends to be.' '독창성' means 'originality.'

3

그녀는 계획대로 되지 않으면 쉽게 포기하지 않는 고집이 세서, 결국 목표를 달성했다.

She has a stubbornness that makes her not give up easily if things don't go according to plan, so she eventually achieved her goal.

'~대로 되지 않으면' means 'if it doesn't go according to.' '결국' means 'eventually.'

4

정치인들은 때로 대중의 의견에 대해 고집이 세다는 비판을 받지만, 이는 신념을 지키려는 의도로 해석될 수도 있다.

Politicians sometimes receive criticism for being stubborn about public opinion, but this can also be interpreted as an intention to uphold their beliefs.

'비판을 받다' means 'to receive criticism.' '해석되다' means 'to be interpreted.'

5

어린 아이가 고집이 세서 원하는 장난감을 사달라고 계속 떼를 쓴다면, 부모는 단호하게 거절하는 법을 가르쳐야 한다.

If a young child is stubborn and keeps insisting on buying a desired toy, parents must teach them the way to firmly refuse.

'떼를 쓰다' means 'to throw a tantrum' or 'to insist stubbornly.' '단호하게' means 'firmly.'

6

그는 자신이 입었던 옷만 고집이 세서 다른 옷은 절대 입지 않으려고 한다.

He is stubborn only about the clothes he has worn, so he never tries to wear other clothes.

This shows stubbornness in a specific, habitual area.

7

성공한 사업가 중에는 자신의 비전에 대해 고집이 센 사람들이 많다. 그들의 끈기가 성공의 원동력이 되었다.

Among successful entrepreneurs, there are many people who are stubborn about their vision. Their perseverance became the driving force of success.

'비전' means 'vision.' '원동력' means 'driving force.'

8

그녀의 고집 센 성격 때문에 팀원들과의 관계가 다소 어려워질 때도 있지만, 결국에는 그녀의 의견이 맞을 때가 많다.

Due to her stubborn personality, relationships with team members sometimes become somewhat difficult, but in the end, her opinion is often correct.

'~ 때문에' means 'because of.' '다소' means 'somewhat.'

1

그의 확고한 신념과 고집 센 태도는 때로는 동료들에게 부담으로 작용했지만, 결국에는 조직의 중요한 전환점을 이끌어냈다.

His firm beliefs and stubborn attitude sometimes acted as a burden to his colleagues, but in the end, it led to an important turning point for the organization.

'확고한 신념' means 'firm beliefs.' '부담으로 작용하다' means 'to act as a burden.'

2

전통적인 방식을 고집하는 장인들은 현대적인 기술 도입에 대해 완고한 태도를 보일 수 있으며, 이는 종종 세대 간의 갈등을 야기한다.

Artisans who insist on traditional methods may show a rigid attitude towards the adoption of modern technology, which often causes intergenerational conflict.

'장인' means 'artisan.' '세대 간의 갈등' means 'intergenerational conflict.'

3

환경 운동가들은 종종 기업의 이익 추구에 대해 고집 센 투쟁을 벌이는데, 이는 사회적 책임감을 강조하기 위한 전략이다.

Environmental activists often wage a stubborn struggle against corporate profit-seeking, which is a strategy to emphasize social responsibility.

'환경 운동가' means 'environmental activist.' '이익 추구' means 'profit-seeking.'

4

그녀의 고집 센 주장은 처음에는 비합리적으로 들렸지만, 시간이 지나면서 그 논리의 타당성이 입증되었다.

Her stubborn assertion sounded irrational at first, but over time, the validity of its logic was proven.

'주장' means 'assertion.' '타당성' means 'validity.'

5

새로운 정책에 대한 시민들의 반발이 거셌음에도 불구하고, 정부는 자신들의 결정을 고집하며 강행했다.

Despite strong public backlash against the new policy, the government insisted on its decision and pushed it through.

'반발' means 'backlash.' '강행하다' means 'to push through.'

6

그는 자신의 이론에 대해 고집이 세서, 반대되는 증거가 제시되어도 쉽게 인정하지 않았다.

He is stubborn about his theory, so he did not easily admit it even when contradictory evidence was presented.

'반대되는 증거' means 'contradictory evidence.'

7

그녀의 고집 센 성격은 때로는 관계를 어렵게 만들지만, 동시에 그녀의 강한 의지를 보여주는 증거이기도 하다.

Her stubborn personality sometimes makes relationships difficult, but at the same time, it is also evidence of her strong will.

'동시에' means 'at the same time.'

8

고집 센 지도자는 조직의 발전을 저해할 수도 있지만, 때로는 위기 상황에서 결단력을 발휘하여 돌파구를 마련하기도 한다.

A stubborn leader can hinder the organization's development, but sometimes they show decisiveness in crisis situations and create a breakthrough.

'저해하다' means 'to hinder.' '돌파구' means 'breakthrough.'

1

그의 비타협적인 태도는 종종 '고집이 세다'는 비난을 불러일으켰지만, 그의 확고한 원칙주의는 결국 긍정적인 사회 변화를 이끌어내는 동력이 되었다.

His uncompromising attitude often provoked accusations of being stubborn, but his firm principled stance eventually became the driving force for positive social change.

'비타협적인 태도' means 'uncompromising attitude.' '원칙주의' means 'principled stance.'

2

역사적으로 볼 때, 기존 질서에 도전하는 혁신가들은 종종 사회로부터 '고집이 세다'는 낙인을 찍혔으나, 그들의 끈질긴 의지가 인류 문명의 진보를 견인했다.

Historically speaking, innovators who challenged the existing order were often stigmatized by society as 'stubborn,' but their persistent will drove the progress of human civilization.

'기존 질서' means 'existing order.' '낙인을 찍히다' means 'to be stigmatized.'

3

그녀는 자신의 예술적 비전을 고수하는 데 있어 타협의 여지가 없는 고집을 보여주었는데, 이는 현대 미술계의 관습에 대한 도전으로 해석될 수 있다.

She displayed an uncompromising stubbornness in adhering to her artistic vision, which can be interpreted as a challenge to the conventions of the contemporary art world.

'타협의 여지가 없는' means 'uncompromising.' '관습' means 'conventions.'

4

정치적 이상을 실현하기 위한 그의 고집 센 노력은 때로는 권위주의적이라는 비판을 받았지만, 그는 민주주의 가치 수호라는 대의명분을 굽히지 않았다.

His stubborn efforts to realize his political ideals sometimes drew criticism for being authoritarian, but he did not waver from the cause of defending democratic values.

'대의명분' means 'noble cause.' '굽히지 않다' means 'to not yield.'

5

소비자 운동가들은 기업의 비윤리적인 관행에 대해 끊임없이 고집 센 목소리를 내며, 이는 사회적 인식 개선에 지대한 영향을 미친다.

Consumer activists constantly raise a stubborn voice against corporations' unethical practices, which has a profound impact on improving social awareness.

'소비자 운동가' means 'consumer activist.' '지대한 영향' means 'profound impact.'

6

그는 자신의 직관을 지나치게 신뢰하는 경향이 있어, 때로는 고집이 센 것처럼 보일 수 있지만, 종종 그의 직관은 정확한 통찰력을 제공했다.

He has a tendency to over-rely on his intuition, so he can sometimes appear stubborn, but often his intuition provided accurate insights.

'지나치게 신뢰하다' means 'to over-rely on.' '통찰력' means 'insight.'

7

진화론적 관점에서 볼 때, 생존을 위한 고집 센 생존 본능은 종의 번영에 필수적인 요소로 간주될 수 있다.

From an evolutionary perspective, the stubborn survival instinct for survival can be considered an essential element for the prosperity of a species.

'진화론적 관점' means 'evolutionary perspective.' '종의 번영' means 'prosperity of a species.'

8

그녀의 고집 센 교육 철학은 전통적인 교육 방식에 대한 근본적인 질문을 던지며, 교육계에 새로운 담론을 촉발시켰다.

Her stubborn educational philosophy raises fundamental questions about traditional teaching methods, sparking new discourse in the education field.

'교육 철학' means 'educational philosophy.' '담론' means 'discourse.'

1

그의 굽히지 않는 신념과 '고집이 세다'는 평가를 동반한 궤적은, 결국 사회 구조의 근본적인 재편을 촉발하는 기폭제가 되었다.

His unyielding beliefs and trajectory, accompanied by the assessment of being 'stubborn,' ultimately became the catalyst for a fundamental restructuring of the social fabric.

'궤적' means 'trajectory.' '기폭제' means 'catalyst.'

2

역사적 서술에서 영웅시되는 인물들 중 상당수는 당대의 통념에 대한 고집 센 저항을 통해 기념비적인 업적을 달성했으며, 이는 종종 '광기'로 치부되기도 했다.

A significant number of figures lionized in historical narratives achieved monumental feats through stubborn resistance to contemporary orthodoxies, which was often dismissed as 'madness.'

'통념' means 'orthodoxies/common beliefs.' '기념비적인 업적' means 'monumental achievements.'

3

그녀의 예술적 표현에 있어서의 고집 센 집착은, 기존 미학의 경계를 허물고 새로운 예술적 패러다임을 구축하는 데 결정적인 역할을 했다.

Her stubborn obsession in her artistic expression played a decisive role in breaking down the boundaries of existing aesthetics and establishing a new artistic paradigm.

'집착' means 'obsession.' '패러다임' means 'paradigm.'

4

정치적 이상을 향한 그의 끈질긴 추구는 '고집이 세다'는 비판을 받았으나, 이는 억압적인 체제 하에서 저항의 상징으로 기능하며 많은 이들에게 영감을 주었다.

His persistent pursuit of political ideals received criticism for being 'stubborn,' but it functioned as a symbol of resistance under an oppressive regime, inspiring many.

'억압적인 체제' means 'oppressive regime.'

5

소비자 권익 보호를 위한 그들의 고집 센 옹호 활동은, 기업의 무책임한 행태에 대한 사회적 감시망을 강화하는 데 지대한 공헌을 했다.

Their stubborn advocacy for consumer rights has made a significant contribution to strengthening the social oversight of corporations' irresponsible behavior.

'소비자 권익 보호' means 'protection of consumer rights.' '무책임한 행태' means 'irresponsible behavior.'

6

그는 자신의 방법론에 대해 극도로 고집이 세서, 새로운 과학적 발견이 제시되어도 기존의 이론적 틀을 고수하려는 경향이 뚜렷했다.

He was extremely stubborn about his methodology, showing a clear tendency to adhere to existing theoretical frameworks even when new scientific discoveries were presented.

'방법론' means 'methodology.' '이론적 틀' means 'theoretical framework.'

7

진화의 과정에서 생존을 위한 고집 센 적응력은 종의 다양성과 존속에 결정적인 역할을 해왔으며, 이는 자연 선택의 핵심 메커니즘으로 작용한다.

In the process of evolution, stubborn adaptability for survival has played a decisive role in the diversity and continuation of species, acting as a key mechanism of natural selection.

'존속' means 'continuation/survival.' '자연 선택' means 'natural selection.'

8

그녀의 고집 센 교육적 신념은 기존의 교육 패러다임을 전복시키려는 시도로 해석될 수 있으며, 이는 교육계에 지각 변동을 일으킬 잠재력을 지닌다.

Her stubborn educational beliefs can be interpreted as an attempt to subvert existing educational paradigms, possessing the potential to cause seismic shifts in the education sector.

'전복시키다' means 'to subvert.' '지각 변동' means 'seismic shift.'

Colocações comuns

아이 고집이 세다
남편 고집이 세다
고집이 센 사람
고집이 세서
고집이 센 편
고집이 세다고 말하다
고집이 센 성격
고집이 세지만
고집이 센 점
성격이 고집이 세다

Frases Comuns

정말 고집이 세다

— To be really stubborn. This emphasizes the degree of stubbornness.

그 아이는 정말 고집이 세서 말을 듣지 않아요.

좀 고집이 세다

— To be a bit stubborn. This is a softer way of saying someone is stubborn, often used in self-description or when the stubbornness isn't extreme.

제가 좀 고집이 센 편이라서요.

고집이 세서

— Because of being stubborn. This is used to explain a consequence or reason stemming from someone's stubbornness.

고집이 세서 설득하기가 어려워요.

고집이 센 사람

— A stubborn person. This is a noun phrase used to refer to someone who possesses this trait.

고집이 센 사람과는 대화가 잘 통하지 않아요.

고집이 센 편이다

— To tend to be stubborn. This indicates a tendency rather than an absolute trait.

저는 제법 고집이 센 편입니다.

성격이 고집이 세다

— To have a stubborn personality. This highlights that the stubbornness is a fundamental aspect of their character.

그 사람의 성격이 고집이 센 것 같아요.

고집이 세 보인다

— To seem stubborn. This is an observation about someone's appearance or demeanor.

표정을 보니 고집이 세 보여요.

고집이 세지만

— Although stubborn. This is used to introduce a contrasting statement.

고집이 세지만 마음은 착해요.

고집이 센 아이

— A stubborn child. This specifically applies the trait to a child.

고집이 센 아이는 부모님을 힘들게 할 수 있다.

고집 센

— Stubborn (as an adjective modifier). This is the attributive form used directly before a noun.

고집 센 강아지는 훈련시키기 어렵다.

Frequentemente confundido com

고집이 세다 vs 고집을 부리다

'고집이 세다' describes a person's inherent trait of being stubborn, while '고집을 부리다' refers to the specific action of acting stubborn or insisting on something in a particular situation. You are '고집이 세다' (stubborn), and you '고집을 부린다' (act stubborn).

고집이 세다 vs 강하다 (ganghada - to be strong)

While '세다' means strong, '고집이 세다' is a fixed phrase. You cannot simply say '고집 강하다' to mean someone is stubborn. '세다' is the correct verb here.

고집이 세다 vs 완고하다 (wanggohada - to be rigid)

'고집이 세다' is generally more common and can be used in more casual settings. '완고하다' is more formal and implies a deeper, more ingrained inflexibility.

Expressões idiomáticas

"쇠귀에 경 읽기"

— Reading scriptures to a cow's ear. This idiom describes trying to explain something to someone who is completely unreceptive or stubborn, implying that the effort is wasted.

그에게 아무리 설명해도 소용없어요. 쇠귀에 경 읽기예요.

Informal
"제 고집대로만 하다"

— To only do things according to one's own stubborn will. This emphasizes doing things exclusively one's own way without considering others.

그는 항상 제 고집대로만 해서 같이 일하기 힘들어요.

Informal
"똥고집"

— Literal translation is 'poop stubbornness.' This is a very informal and somewhat crude term for extreme, unreasonable stubbornness.

그녀는 똥고집이라서 뭘 해도 안 통해.

Very Informal/Slang
"고집불통"

— A stubborn person; someone who is obstinate and unwilling to listen.

그 사람은 정말 고집불통이야. 절대 자기 잘못을 인정하지 않아.

Informal
"머리가 돌"

— Literally 'head is stone.' This implies someone is unintelligent or stubborn to the point of being like stone, unable to process information or change.

그에게는 아무리 말해도 소용없어. 머리가 돌이야.

Informal
"남의 말 귀에 들어오지 않다"

— Someone's words don't enter one's ears. This describes someone who is so stubborn or self-absorbed that they don't listen to or process what others say.

그는 자기 고집대로만 하느라 남의 말 귀에 들어오지 않는다.

Informal
"자기 말만 옳다고 하다"

— To say only one's own words are correct. This describes someone who is dogmatic and believes their own opinions are always right.

그는 항상 자기 말만 옳다고 해서 같이 이야기하기 피곤하다.

Informal
"배짱이 두둑하다"

— To have a thick stomach/backbone. While not directly 'stubborn,' it can imply a bold, unyielding nature, often in the face of opposition, which can manifest as stubbornness.

그는 비난에도 불구하고 배짱이 두둑하게 자신의 일을 계속했다.

Informal
"쇠심줄 같다"

— Like an iron cord. This describes something very strong and unyielding, and can be metaphorically applied to a person's stubborn will.

그녀의 의지는 쇠심줄 같아서 절대 꺾이지 않았다.

Informal
"귀가 얇다"

— To have thin ears. This is actually an antonym, meaning to be easily influenced or swayed, the opposite of being stubborn.

그는 귀가 얇아서 남의 말을 쉽게 믿는다.

Informal

Fácil de confundir

고집이 세다 vs 고집을 부리다

Both relate to stubbornness.

'고집이 세다' describes a personality trait – someone *is* stubborn. '고집을 부리다' describes an action – someone *is acting* stubborn or insisting on something at a specific moment. For example, a child who is generally '고집이 세다' might '고집을 부리다' when they don't get their way.

그 아이는 고집이 세다. 그래서 지금 장난감을 사달라고 고집을 부린다.

고집이 세다 vs 뚝심이 있다

Both imply a strong will.

'고집이 세다' often has a neutral to negative connotation, implying resistance to others' ideas. '뚝심이 있다' usually has a positive connotation, meaning to have grit, perseverance, and tenacity, especially in difficult situations. It's about not giving up on one's goal.

그는 고집이 세서 남의 말을 안 듣지만, 뚝심이 있어서 어려운 일도 해낸다.

고집이 세다 vs 완고하다

Both mean inflexible or stubborn.

'고집이 세다' is more common in everyday speech and can describe a general tendency. '완고하다' is more formal and suggests a deeper, more unyielding inflexibility, often resistant to logical arguments or new ideas.

그는 고집이 세지만, 그 문제는 매우 완고해서 해결이 안 된다.

고집이 세다 vs 융통성 없다

Both describe a lack of adaptability.

'고집이 세다' focuses on the person's refusal to change their mind or opinion. '융통성 없다' (to be inflexible/in-flexible) describes a broader lack of adaptability to situations, rules, or changing circumstances. Someone who is '고집이 세다' is often also '융통성이 없다,' but not always.

그는 고집이 세서 자기 방식만 고수하고, 융통성이 없어서 상황 변화에 잘 대처하지 못한다.

고집이 세다 vs 강직하다

Both can imply a strong, unwavering stance.

'강직하다' is a positive term meaning upright, honest, and principled. It implies moral strength and integrity. '고집이 세다' can be negative (obstinate) or neutral, and doesn't necessarily imply moral uprightness; it's about unwillingness to change one's mind.

그는 강직한 사람이라 원칙을 지키지만, 때로는 너무 고집이 세서 문제가 된다.

Padrões de frases

A2

Subject + 는/은 + 고집이 세다.

그 아이는 고집이 세다.

A2

고집이 센 + Noun

고집이 센 사람은 설득하기 어렵다.

A2

Subject + 는/은 + 고집이 세 + (politeness level).

우리 아빠는 고집이 세세요.

B1

Subject + 고집이 세서 + Consequence.

고집이 세서 원하는 것만 해요.

B1

Subject + 는/은 + 고집이 센 편이다.

저는 좀 고집이 센 편이에요.

B2

Noun + 에 대해 + 고집이 세다.

그녀는 자신의 의견에 대해 고집이 세다.

B2

Subject + 는/은 + 고집 센 + Noun + 때문에 + Consequence.

그의 고집 센 성격 때문에 문제가 생겼다.

C1

고집 센 + Noun + 은/는 + Impact/Description.

고집 센 태도는 때로 긍정적인 결과를 가져오기도 한다.

Família de palavras

Substantivos

고집 stubbornness, obstinacy, tenacity

Adjetivos

고집스럽다 to be stubborn-like, obstinate
고집이 세다 to be stubborn

Relacionado

고집을 부리다 to act stubborn, to insist
옹고집 a stubborn person (noun)
고집불통 a stubborn person (idiomatic)
강직하다 to be upright, principled (positive connotation)
융통성 없다 to be inflexible, not adaptable (antonym)
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Como usar

frequency

Very Common

Erros comuns
  • Using '고집 세다' instead of '고집이 세다'. → 고집이 세다

    The particle '이' is essential as the subject marker for '고집'. Forgetting it is a common grammatical error.

  • Confusing '고집이 세다' (trait) with '고집을 부리다' (action). → '고집이 세다' for personality, '고집을 부리다' for specific behavior.

    Learners might use '고집이 세다' to describe a temporary stubborn behavior, when '고집을 부리다' is more appropriate for that specific instance.

  • Overusing '고집이 세다' as a strong negative criticism. → Recognize context; it can also imply determination.

    While often negative, it can sometimes describe strong conviction. Learners may not always pick up on the subtle nuances or positive interpretations.

  • Incorrectly conjugating '세다'. → Conjugate based on politeness level (e.g., 세요, 습니다).

    Failure to conjugate the verb '세다' correctly according to the desired politeness level can lead to grammatical errors and sound unnatural.

  • Using '고집이 세다' for inanimate objects. → Only used for people or animals.

    '고집이 세다' describes a personality trait related to willfulness, which cannot be applied to non-living things.

Dicas

Mastering the 'J' Sound

The 'ㅈ' in '고집' is pronounced as an affricate, similar to the 'j' in 'jump' or 'judge.' Practice this sound clearly, ensuring it's not just a simple 'z' sound. Listen to native speakers and try to mimic their pronunciation.

Subject Particle '이'

Remember that '고집이 세다' requires the subject particle '이' after '고집.' It's '고집이 세다,' not '고집 세다.' This particle marks '고집' as the subject of the verb '세다'.

Visual Mnemonic

Picture a very strong, unmoving rock ('세다' - strong) representing stubbornness ('고집'). This visual can help you recall the meaning and the components of the phrase.

Distinguish from Actions

Remember that '고집이 세다' is about a personality trait. If you want to describe someone *acting* stubborn in a specific moment, use the verb phrase '고집을 부리다'.

Balance and Harmony

In Korean culture, while determination is valued, excessive stubbornness that disrupts harmony can be viewed negatively. Be mindful of this cultural context when using or interpreting the phrase.

Sentence Building

Practice creating sentences using '고집이 세다' in different contexts: describing children, friends, or even yourself. Try using the attributive form '고집이 센' before nouns.

Exploring Nuances

Learn related words like '완고하다' (rigid) and '뚝심 있다' (tenacious) to understand the spectrum of meanings related to strong will and inflexibility.

Opposite Traits

Understanding antonyms like '융통성 있다' (flexible) and '개방적이다' (open-minded) helps solidify the meaning of '고집이 세다' by contrasting it with its opposites.

Real-World Observation

Listen for '고집이 세다' in Korean media or conversations. Try to identify situations where it's used and the speaker's intent behind it. This active listening will greatly improve your comprehension.

Memorize

Mnemônico

Imagine a 'goat' (sounds like 'gojip') that is 'stubborn' ('세다' sounds a bit like 'say-da,' as in 'it says no'). So, a stubborn goat that always says 'no!'

Associação visual

Picture a person with their arms crossed tightly, a furrowed brow, and a determined, unmoving stance, as if they are rooted to the spot like a strong tree. The word '세다' (strong) can remind you of the strength required to stand firm.

Word Web

고집 세다 사람 아이 성격 태도 의견 결정

Desafio

Try to think of three different situations where you might describe someone as '고집이 세다.' Write a short sentence for each situation in Korean.

Origem da palavra

The phrase '고집이 세다' is a combination of the noun '고집' (gojip) meaning 'stubbornness' or 'tenacity,' and the verb '세다' (seda) meaning 'to be strong.' The literal meaning is 'stubbornness is strong.' This combination is a direct and descriptive way to characterize a person's unyielding nature.

Significado original: 'Stubbornness is strong.' This literal translation highlights the intensity of the trait.

Koreanic language family.

Contexto cultural

When describing someone as '고집이 세다,' be mindful of the context and your relationship with the person. While it can be a neutral observation, it can also be perceived as a criticism. Using it for elders might require more respectful phrasing or a softer tone.

In English-speaking cultures, 'stubborn' is often a direct translation, but the connotation can also vary. 'Determined,' 'resolute,' or 'principled' can be used for more positive instances, while 'obstinate' or 'pig-headed' are more negative.

Characters in Korean historical dramas (사극) are often depicted with strong wills, sometimes bordering on stubbornness, when defending their beliefs or positions. Proverbs often discuss the negative aspects of excessive stubbornness, similar to idioms like 'hitting your head against a brick wall.' Discussions about leadership often touch upon the balance between strong conviction (which can be seen as stubbornness) and the ability to listen and adapt.

Pratique na vida real

Contextos reais

Discussing a child's behavior.

  • 그 아이는 고집이 세서 말을 안 들어요.
  • 아이가 고집이 세서 원하는 것만 하려고 해요.
  • 고집이 센 아이는 떼를 쓰기도 해요.

Describing a friend or family member.

  • 우리 남편은 고집이 세서 제 말을 잘 안 들어요.
  • 그 친구는 원래 고집이 센 편이에요.
  • 고집이 세지만 마음은 따뜻한 사람이에요.

Explaining difficulties in decision-making or persuasion.

  • 고집이 세서 설득하기가 어려워요.
  • 그는 고집이 세서 자신의 결정을 바꾸지 않을 거예요.
  • 고집이 센 사람과는 타협하기 힘들어요.

Talking about work or school situations.

  • 팀원 중에 고집이 센 사람이 있어서 회의가 길어졌어요.
  • 그 교수는 자기 이론에 고집이 세요.
  • 고집 센 동료 때문에 프로젝트 진행이 더뎌졌어요.

Self-reflection or admitting a trait.

  • 제가 좀 고집이 센 편이에요.
  • 제 고집 때문에 손해를 볼 때도 있어요.
  • 고집이 세지만, 한번 마음먹은 것은 꼭 해요.

Iniciadores de conversa

"Do you know anyone who is very stubborn? What's the funniest thing they've done because of it?"

"When is it good to be stubborn, and when is it bad?"

"Have you ever been told you are stubborn? What was the situation?"

"What's the difference between being stubborn and being determined?"

"If someone is stubborn about something they believe is right, do you think they should change their mind?"

Temas para diário

Describe a time you were stubborn. What was the outcome? What did you learn?

Think about someone you know who is very stubborn. How does their stubbornness affect their relationships or their goals?

Is it better to be flexible or stubborn? Explain your reasoning.

Write a short story about a character who is extremely stubborn and faces a challenge because of it.

How can one balance having strong convictions with being open to other people's ideas?

Perguntas frequentes

10 perguntas

Not necessarily. While it often implies inflexibility and can be a criticism, it can also describe strong determination or conviction, especially when someone is standing up for their principles or pursuing a difficult goal. The context and the speaker's tone are crucial in determining the connotation.

'고집이 세다' describes a personality trait – someone *is* inherently stubborn. '고집을 부리다' describes the action of acting stubborn or insisting on something in a specific situation. You can say someone *is* stubborn ('고집이 세다'), and then they *act* stubborn ('고집을 부린다').

You can say '고집이 센 사람' (gojibi sen saram). Informally, you might also use '옹고집' (onggojip) or '고집불통' (gojipbul-tong), which are nouns referring to a very stubborn individual.

No, '고집이 세다' is exclusively used to describe people or animals that exhibit willful behavior. It refers to a personality trait or disposition.

A more formal and often more negative term is '완고하다' (wanggohada), which means to be rigid or inflexible. It suggests a deeper, more ingrained resistance to change.

Yes, phrases like '뚝심이 있다' (ttuksimi itda - to have grit/tenacity) or '강직하다' (gangjik-hada - to be upright/principled) describe a strong will in a positive light, emphasizing perseverance and integrity rather than simple unyieldingness.

The verb '세다' conjugates based on politeness levels. For example: '고집이 세다' (plain form), '고집이 세요' (polite informal), '고집이 세십니다' (polite formal, for elders), '고집이 셉니다' (formal). The core phrase remains '고집이 세다'.

Literally, it translates to 'stubbornness is strong.' '고집' (gojip) means stubbornness or tenacity, and '세다' (seda) means strong. This directness helps understand the core meaning.

'고집이 센 편이다' means 'tends to be stubborn' or 'is on the stubborn side.' It's a softer way to express the trait, suggesting it's a tendency rather than an absolute characteristic. It's often used in self-descriptions or when the stubbornness isn't extreme.

Yes, idioms like '쇠귀에 경 읽기' (reading scriptures to a cow - futile explanation to a stubborn person), '제 고집대로만 하다' (doing things only one's own way), and '고집불통' (a stubborn person) are related.

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