When there is no rain for a long, long time, we call this a drought. Imagine the ground becoming very dry and plants not being able to grow. This is what 干旱 (gānhàn) means. It's when there's not enough water because it hasn't rained. So, 干旱 is about a serious lack of water from rain.
When we talk about 干旱 (gānhàn), we're talking about a very dry time. Imagine when it hasn't rained for a long, long time.
This lack of rain means there's not enough water for plants to grow or for people and animals to drink.
So, 干旱 describes a period of drought, which can be a serious problem for farming and daily life.
When we talk about a severe lack of water, especially over a long time, the Chinese word we use is 干旱 (gānhàn). This word literally means "dry and arid."
It's important to remember that 干旱 refers to the natural phenomenon of drought, not just general dryness. For instance, you wouldn't use it to describe a dry piece of wood.
You'll often see it used in news or scientific contexts when discussing environmental issues or agricultural problems caused by lack of rain. Think of it as the direct equivalent of the English word "drought."
When discussing environmental issues or agricultural concerns, you'll often encounter the term 干旱 (gānhàn), meaning 'drought.' This word describes an extended period of insufficient rainfall, which can severely impact water supplies, agriculture, and ecosystems. Understanding 干旱 is crucial for comprehending news reports or conversations about natural disasters and climate change in China. It's a common and important term for describing water scarcity caused by weather patterns. You might also hear it in discussions about water conservation efforts.
When discussing environmental issues or agricultural concerns, the term 干旱 (gānhàn) is crucial. It describes a severe lack of rainfall that lasts for an extended period, leading to water shortages. Understanding this word helps you talk about the impact of climate on daily life and the economy, especially in regions that depend on agriculture. It’s also useful for describing natural disasters and their consequences.
§ Basic Sentence Structure
The word 干旱 (gānhàn) is a noun, meaning 'drought'. You'll often see it as the subject or object in a sentence. It's quite straightforward to use.
今年干旱很严重。
Jīnnián gānhàn hěn yánzhòng.
- Translation Hint
- This year, the drought is very serious.
我们正在经历一场长期的干旱。
Wǒmen zhèngzài jīnglì yī chǎng chángqī de gānhàn.
- Translation Hint
- We are experiencing a long-term drought.
§ Describing Drought with Adjectives
You can use adjectives before 干旱 (gānhàn) to describe the severity or type of drought. This is common practice.
- 严重 (yánzhòng) - serious
- 长期 (chángqī) - long-term
- 持续 (chíxù) - continuous
- 大 (dà) - big (for emphasis, though 严重 is more common)
这次干旱造成了巨大的损失。
Zhè cì gānhàn zàochéngle jùdà de sǔnshī.
- Translation Hint
- This drought caused huge losses.
§ Verbs Associated with Drought
Here are some common verbs you'll find used with 干旱 (gānhàn):
- 发生 (fāshēng) - to happen, to occur
- 面临 (miànlín) - to face, to be confronted with
- 导致 (dǎozhì) - to lead to, to cause
- 缓解 (huǎnjiě) - to ease, to alleviate
这个地区经常发生干旱。
Zhège dìqū jīngcháng fāshēng gānhàn.
- Translation Hint
- This area often experiences droughts.
农民们正在面临干旱的威胁。
Nóngmínmen zhèngzài miànlín gānhàn de wēixié.
- Translation Hint
- Farmers are facing the threat of drought.
长时间的干旱导致了水资源短缺。
Cháng shíjiān de gānhàn dǎozhìle shuǐ zīyuán duǎnquē.
- Translation Hint
- The long-term drought led to a shortage of water resources.
§ Expressing Consequences of Drought
When talking about the impact of drought, you'll often see phrases that connect cause and effect.
- 由于 (yóuyú) - due to, because of
- 造成 (zàochéng) - to cause, to result in
- 导致 (dǎozhì) - to lead to, to bring about
由于干旱，农作物收成不好。
Yóuyú gānhàn, nóngzuòwù shōuchéng bù hǎo.
- Translation Hint
- Due to the drought, the crop harvest was not good.
这场干旱造成了严重的经济损失。
Zhè chǎng gānhàn zàochéngle yánzhòng de jīngjì sǔnshī.
- Translation Hint
- This drought caused serious economic losses.
§ Related Terms and Phrases
While 干旱 (gānhàn) itself is a noun, it often appears with other terms to create more specific meanings:
- 抗旱 (kànghàn) - to fight drought, drought resistance
- 旱灾 (hànzāi) - drought disaster
- 旱季 (hànjì) - dry season
政府正在采取措施抗旱。
Zhèngfǔ zhèngzài cǎiqǔ cuòshī kànghàn.
- Translation Hint
- The government is taking measures to fight the drought.
这次旱灾影响了数百万人。
Zhè cì hànzāi yǐngxiǎngle shù bǎi wàn rén.
- Translation Hint
- This drought disaster affected millions of people.
§ Understanding 干旱 in Context
You've learned that 干旱 (gānhàn) means 'drought.' Now, let's look at where you'll actually encounter this word. It's not just a dictionary definition; it's a word that pops up in specific conversations and news reports. Being able to recognize it in these contexts will significantly improve your Chinese comprehension.
§ 干旱 in News and Current Events
The news is a prime place to hear and read about 干旱. When there's a significant lack of rain, it becomes a major topic. You'll see it in headlines, environmental reports, and discussions about water resources.
新闻报道了该地区持续的干旱。
- Translation hint
- The news reported on the prolonged drought in the region.
You'll also hear it in phrases describing the effects of drought.
由于干旱，农作物受到了严重影响。
- Translation hint
- Because of the drought, crops were severely affected.
§ 干旱 in Educational Settings (School/Lectures)
In school or academic discussions, 干旱 will appear in subjects like geography, environmental science, and history. You might discuss its causes, effects, and solutions.
老师解释了全球气候变化如何加剧了干旱。
- Translation hint
- The teacher explained how global climate change has exacerbated drought.
When reading textbooks or scientific articles, you'll see more formal and technical language around 干旱.
研究人员正在寻找应对长期干旱的策略。
- Translation hint
- Researchers are looking for strategies to cope with prolonged drought.
§ 干旱 in Work-Related Discussions (Agriculture, Environmental Policy)
If you work in fields related to agriculture, water management, or environmental policy, 干旱 is a critical term. Discussions will center around planning, impact assessment, and mitigation.
农业专家们讨论了如何减轻干旱对农产品的影响。
- Translation hint
- Agricultural experts discussed how to mitigate the impact of drought on agricultural products.
Government officials and policymakers will use 干旱 when discussing resource allocation and emergency responses.
政府正在制定新的政策以应对未来的干旱。
- Translation hint
- The government is formulating new policies to address future droughts.
In these professional contexts, understanding the full scope of the word is important for clear communication.
You might hear about 'drought-resistant' crops: 抗旱作物 (kànghàn zuòwù).
Or 'drought relief' efforts: 抗旱救灾 (kànghàn jiùzāi).
Keep an eye out for these combinations to expand your vocabulary related to 干旱.
§ 干旱 vs. 缺水 (quē shuǐ)
Let's talk about how 干旱 (gānhàn) relates to other words, especially 缺水 (quē shuǐ). While both have to do with not enough water, they aren't interchangeable. Think of it this way:
- 干旱 (gānhàn)
- This refers to the natural phenomenon of a drought itself – a long period with very little rain. It describes the state of the weather and environment.
- 缺水 (quē shuǐ)
- This means 'lacking water' or 'shortage of water.' It's a more general term that can apply to many situations, not just droughts. You can have a water shortage in a house, a city, or even a person (dehydration) without there being a full-blown drought.
Here are some examples to make the difference clear:
这个地区正在经历严重的干旱。
Zhège dìqū zhèngzài jīnglì yánzhòng de gānhàn.
(This region is experiencing a severe drought.)
由于干旱，农作物受到了严重影响。
Yóuyú gānhàn, nóngzuòwù shòudàole yánzhòng yǐngxiǎng.
(Because of the drought, crops were severely affected.)
请节约用水，我们面临缺水。
Qǐng jiéyuē yòngshuǐ, wǒmen miànlín quē shuǐ.
(Please conserve water, we are facing a water shortage.)
他因为长时间没喝水而缺水。
Tā yīnwèi cháng shíjiān méi hē shuǐ ér quē shuǐ.
(He was dehydrated because he hadn't drunk water for a long time.)
§ 干旱 as an Adjective
Sometimes, 干旱 can also be used to describe something as 'arid' or 'dry' in a more general sense, especially when talking about climate or land. When used this way, it often appears with words like 气候 (qìhòu - climate) or 地区 (dìqū - region).
非洲有很多干旱地区。
Fēizhōu yǒu hěnduō gānhàn dìqū.
(Africa has many arid regions.)
这种植物适应干旱气候。
Zhè zhǒng zhíwù shìyìng gānhàn qìhòu.
(This plant is adapted to dry climates.)
§ Other Related Terms
旱灾 (hànzāi): This specifically means 'drought disaster'. It emphasizes the destructive aspect of a drought.
今年的旱灾非常严重。
Jīnnián de hànzāi fēicháng yánzhòng.
(This year's drought disaster is very severe.)干枯 (gānkū): This means 'withered' or 'dried up'. You'd use this to describe plants or land that have become dry due to lack of water, often as a result of 干旱.
由于长期干旱，田里的庄稼都干枯了。
Yóuyú chángqī gānhàn, tián lǐ de zhuāngjia dōu gānkū le.
(Due to the prolonged drought, all the crops in the field have withered.)
To summarize, use 干旱 when you're talking about the phenomenon of a drought itself or when describing a climate/region as arid. Use 缺水 for any general water shortage. And if you want to emphasize the disaster aspect, 旱灾 is your word. Keep practicing, and you'll get the hang of it!
How Formal Is It?
"非洲部分地区长期遭受干旱，导致了严重的粮食危机。(Some parts of Africa have suffered from prolonged drought, leading to a severe food crisis.)"
"今年夏天，我们这里遭遇了严重的干旱。(This summer, we experienced a severe drought here.)"
"听说他们家那边都大旱好久了，水都快没了。(I heard it's been a big drought in their area for a long time, and the water is almost gone.)"
"小动物们因为没水喝，都好渴啊。(The little animals are so thirsty because there's no water to drink.)"
"他旱鸭子一个，哪里敢去游泳啊？(He's a 'dry duck' (can't swim), how could he dare to go swimming?)"
Guia de pronúncia
- gàn hàn
Nível de dificuldade
Two common characters, relatively simple.
Two common characters, relatively simple.
Pronunciation is straightforward (gān hàn).
Distinct sounds, easy to differentiate.
O que aprender depois
Pré-requisitos
Aprenda a seguir
Avançado
Gramática essencial
Nouns as subjects: 干旱 (gānhàn) can directly start a sentence as the subject.
干旱 持续 了 三个月。(Gānhàn chíxù le sān ge yuè.) - The drought lasted for three months.
Nouns with verbs: 干旱 (gānhàn) can be the object of verbs like 经历 (jīnglì - to experience) or 导致 (dǎozhì - to cause).
这个 地区 正在 经历 严重 的 干旱。(Zhège dìqū zhèngzài jīnglì yánzhòng de gānhàn.) - This region is experiencing a severe drought.
Adjectives modifying 干旱: You can use adjectives before 干旱 (gānhàn) to describe it, such as 严重 (yánzhòng - severe) or 长期 (chángqī - long-term).
长期 的 干旱 造成 了 农作物 歉收。(Chángqī de gānhàn zàochéng le nóngzuòwù qiànshōu.) - The long-term drought caused crop failure.
干旱 (gānhàn) in compound nouns: 干旱 (gānhàn) can combine with other nouns to form compound nouns, e.g., 干旱地区 (gānhàn dìqū - drought-stricken area).
政府 正在 向 干旱地区 提供 援助。(Zhèngfǔ zhèngzài xiàng gānhàn dìqū tígōng yuánzhù.) - The government is providing aid to drought-stricken areas.
干旱 (gānhàn) as a modifier: 干旱 (gānhàn) can sometimes act as an adjective to modify other nouns, often in a more technical or descriptive context.
这 是 一种 干旱 植物。(Zhè shì yì zhǒng gānhàn zhíwù.) - This is a drought-resistant plant.
Exemplos por nível
今年夏天，我们这里发生了严重的干旱。
This summer, a serious drought occurred here.
干旱导致农作物无法生长。
The drought caused crops to be unable to grow.
他们担心干旱会持续下去。
They worry that the drought will continue.
村民们正在寻找应对干旱的方法。
The villagers are looking for ways to deal with the drought.
因为干旱，河水变少了。
Because of the drought, the river water decreased.
国家正在帮助干旱地区的居民。
The country is helping residents in drought-stricken areas.
这次干旱对经济影响很大。
This drought has a great impact on the economy.
人们希望雨水能缓解干旱。
People hope rain can alleviate the drought.
去年夏天我们经历了严重的干旱。
Last summer we experienced a severe drought.
干旱导致了农作物的大量损失。
The drought led to significant crop losses.
这个地区经常遭受干旱的威胁。
This region is often threatened by drought.
为了应对干旱，政府采取了节水措施。
To cope with the drought, the government implemented water-saving measures.
长时间的干旱使得土地变得非常贫瘠。
The long drought made the land very barren.
预测显示今年将会有更严重的干旱。
Forecasts indicate there will be a more severe drought this year.
干旱对当地的生态系统造成了巨大影响。
The drought had a huge impact on the local ecosystem.
希望下一场雨能缓解目前的干旱状况。
Hopefully, the next rain will alleviate the current drought situation.
去年夏天，我们经历了历史上最严重的干旱。
Last summer, we experienced the most severe drought in history.
干旱导致农作物大量减产，农民损失惨重。
Drought caused a significant reduction in crop yields, and farmers suffered heavy losses.
为了应对干旱，政府采取了限制用水的措施。
To cope with the drought, the government implemented water rationing measures.
长期干旱使得当地的生态环境遭到破坏。
Prolonged drought has damaged the local ecological environment.
气象专家预测，未来几年该地区可能还会出现干旱。
Meteorological experts predict that the region may experience droughts in the coming years.
干旱对水资源供应造成了严峻的挑战。
Drought has posed severe challenges to water resource supply.
希望通过人工降雨来缓解当前的干旱情况。
It is hoped that artificial rainfall can alleviate the current drought situation.
这个国家的大部分地区都在与持续的干旱作斗争。
Most parts of this country are battling a persistent drought.
干旱地区的水资源管理是一个严峻的挑战。
Water resource management in drought-stricken areas is a severe challenge.
干旱地区 (gānhàn dìqū) - drought-stricken areas; 严峻的挑战 (yánjùn de tiǎozhàn) - severe challenge.
持续数月的干旱导致农作物大面积减产。
The drought that lasted for several months led to a large-scale reduction in crop yields.
持续 (chíxù) - to last; 导致 (dǎozhì) - to lead to; 减产 (jiǎnchǎn) - reduction in output.
政府正在采取措施应对日益严重的干旱问题。
The government is taking measures to address the increasingly serious drought problem.
采取措施 (cǎiqǔ cuòshī) - to take measures; 应对 (yìngduì) - to deal with; 日益严重 (rìyì yánzhòng) - increasingly serious.
这次干旱对当地居民的生活造成了严重影响。
This drought has had a serious impact on the lives of local residents.
造成 (zàochéng) - to cause; 严重影响 (yánzhòng yǐngxiǎng) - serious impact.
由于干旱，水库水位持续下降，供水紧张。
Due to the drought, reservoir water levels continue to drop, leading to water supply shortages.
由于 (yóuyú) - due to; 持续下降 (chíxù xiàjiàng) - continuously declining; 供水紧张 (gōngshuǐ jǐnzhāng) - tight water supply.
专家预测，未来该地区将面临更频繁的干旱。
Experts predict that this region will face more frequent droughts in the future.
预测 (yùcè) - to predict; 面临 (miànlín) - to face; 频繁 (pínfán) - frequent.
为了应对干旱，当地农民正在推广节水灌溉技术。
To combat the drought, local farmers are promoting water-saving irrigation techniques.
应对 (yìngduì) - to cope with; 推广 (tuīguǎng) - to promote; 节水灌溉 (jiéshuǐ guàngài) - water-saving irrigation.
历史上，这个国家曾多次遭受严重的干旱灾害。
Historically, this country has suffered from severe drought disasters many times.
历史上 (lìshǐ shàng) - historically; 遭受 (zāoshòu) - to suffer; 灾害 (zāihài) - disaster.
干旱导致农作物歉收，农民们面临巨大的经济损失。
Drought leads to crop failure, farmers face huge economic losses.
长期干旱使得水库水位持续下降，城市供水面临严峻挑战。
Prolonged drought causes reservoir levels to continuously drop, urban water supply faces severe challenges.
这个地区历史上曾多次遭受严重干旱，生态环境十分脆弱。
This region has suffered severe droughts many times historically, the ecological environment is very fragile.
政府正在采取措施应对日益加剧的干旱问题，包括修建水利工程和推广节水技术。
The government is taking measures to address the intensifying drought problem, including building water conservancy projects and promoting water-saving technologies.
由于连年干旱，当地居民不得不依赖有限的地下水资源维持生活。
Due to continuous years of drought, local residents have to rely on limited groundwater resources to sustain their lives.
气候变化是导致全球多地干旱频发的重要原因之一。
Climate change is one of the important reasons leading to frequent droughts in many parts of the world.
干旱不仅影响农业生产，还会对生态系统和生物多样性造成不可逆转的损害。
Drought not only affects agricultural production but also causes irreversible damage to ecosystems and biodiversity.
为了减轻干旱带来的影响，科学家们正在研究耐旱作物品种和人工降雨技术。
To mitigate the impact of drought, scientists are researching drought-resistant crop varieties and artificial rain technology.
Colocações comuns
Frases Comuns
这场干旱持续了很久。
This drought lasted (a long time).
农作物因干旱而枯萎了。
Crops withered (due to drought).
政府正在采取措施对抗干旱。
The government is taking measures (to fight drought).
这个地区经常发生干旱。
This region frequently experiences (drought).
我们需要节约用水以应对干旱。
We need to conserve water (to cope with drought).
干旱给当地居民带来了困难。
The drought brought difficulties (to local residents).
希望这场干旱能尽快结束。
Hope this drought can end (as soon as possible).
科学家们正在研究干旱的原因。
Scientists are studying (the causes of drought).
干旱导致了水资源短缺。
Drought led to (water shortage).
干旱对农业生产有很大影响。
Drought has a great impact (on agricultural production).
Frequentemente confundido com
This phrase means 'the weather is dry,' which describes the current atmospheric condition. It's not a drought (干旱) but can be a precursor or symptom of prolonged dry conditions.
This means 'water resource shortage.' It's a broader economic or environmental issue, which can include 干旱 as a cause, but also encompasses other reasons for water scarcity like overconsumption or pollution.
This term means 'prolonged drought.' While similar, 久旱 specifically emphasizes the 'long-lasting' aspect of a drought. 干旱 is the general term for drought.
Padrões gramaticais
Expressões idiomáticas
"抗旱 (kànghàn)"
Drought resistance; to combat drought
农民们正在积极抗旱。 (Farmers are actively combating drought.)
neutral"干旱地区 (gānhàn dìqū)"
Arid region; drought-stricken area
这个国家有很多干旱地区。 (This country has many arid regions.)
neutral"旱情严重 (hànqíng yánzhòng)"
Severe drought situation
今年的旱情非常严重。 (This year's drought situation is very severe.)
neutral"连年干旱 (liánnián gānhàn)"
Years of drought
这个地方连年干旱，收成不好。 (This place has had years of drought, and the harvest is not good.)
neutral"十年九旱 (shí nián jiǔ hàn)"
Nine out of ten years are dry (describing a drought-prone area)
我们这儿十年九旱，生活很不容易。 (It's nine out of ten dry years here, life is not easy.)
neutral"久旱逢甘霖 (jiǔhàn féng gānlín)"
A long drought meets a timely rain (metaphor for long-awaited relief or good fortune)
这份工作对我来说真是久旱逢甘霖。 (This job is truly a timely rain after a long drought for me.)
formal"滴水未进 (dīshuǐ wèijìn)"
Not a single drop of water has entered (can describe extreme dryness or lack of water intake)
病人已经滴水未进三天了。 (The patient hasn't had a single drop of water for three days.)
neutral"颗粒无收 (kēlì wúshōu)"
Not a single grain harvested (describing crop failure due to drought or other disasters)
由于干旱，今年农田颗粒无收。 (Due to the drought, the farmland yielded not a single grain this year.)
neutral"望天收 (wàngtiān shōu)"
To rely on heaven for a harvest (to be at the mercy of the weather, especially regarding rain)
在这种干旱地区，农民只能望天收。 (In such dry areas, farmers can only rely on heaven for a harvest.)
neutral"水源枯竭 (shuǐyuán kūjié)"
Water sources dry up
持续的干旱导致了水源枯竭。 (The continuous drought led to water sources drying up.)
neutralFácil de confundir
Both 干旱 and 干燥 relate to lack of moisture. However, 干燥 describes something that is dry (e.g., dry air, dry clothes), while 干旱 specifically refers to a drought, a severe lack of rainfall over a period of time.
干燥 (gānzào) is an adjective meaning 'dry' or 'arid.' It describes the state of an object or environment. 干旱 (gānhàn) is a noun meaning 'drought,' referring to a natural disaster or extended period of dry weather.
今天天气很干燥，我的皮肤觉得很干。(Jīntiān tiānqì hěn gānzào, wǒ de pífū juéde hěn gān.) - The weather is very dry today, my skin feels very dry.
Both terms involve a lack of water. However, 缺水 (quēshuǐ) can be a general shortage of water for various reasons (e.g., a city running out of water due to population growth), while 干旱 (gānhàn) specifically points to a lack of water caused by insufficient rainfall.
缺水 (quēshuǐ) is a verb phrase meaning 'to lack water' or a noun meaning 'water shortage.' It's a broader term for any situation where there isn't enough water. 干旱 (gānhàn) is a specific type of water shortage caused by lack of rain.
这个城市经常缺水。(Zhège chéngshì jīngcháng quēshuǐ.) - This city often lacks water.
Both terms can describe a state of depletion. However, 枯竭 (kūjié) means 'to dry up' or 'to be exhausted,' and can apply to resources like oil or even emotions, not just water from rainfall. 干旱 (gānhàn) is exclusively about drought.
枯竭 (kūjié) is a verb meaning 'to dry up,' 'to be exhausted,' or 'to deplete.' It can describe the exhaustion of various resources. 干旱 (gānhàn) refers specifically to a drought, a natural phenomenon.
这条小河已经枯竭了。(Zhè tiáo xiǎohé yǐjīng kūjié le.) - This small river has already dried up.
Droughts can lead to barren land, but 荒芜 (huāngwú) describes land that is desolate or overgrown with weeds, not necessarily just from lack of water. It implies neglect or abandonment.
荒芜 (huāngwú) is an adjective meaning 'desolate,' 'barren,' or 'lying waste.' It describes land that is not cultivated or is overgrown. While drought can cause land to become 荒芜, the terms are not interchangeable.
这片土地已经荒芜多年了。(Zhè piàn tǔdì yǐjīng huāngwú duōnián le.) - This piece of land has been desolate for many years.
干旱 (gānhàn) is a type of 灾害 (zāihài). 灾害 is a broader term for any disaster.
灾害 (zāihài) is a general noun meaning 'disaster' or 'calamity.' It's the category. 干旱 (gānhàn) is a specific type of disaster (drought).
地震是一种自然灾害。(Dìzhèn shì yī zhǒng zìrán zāihài.) - Earthquakes are a type of natural disaster.
Padrões de frases
Place + 正在经历一场干旱。
这个地区正在经历一场干旱。 (This region is experiencing a drought.)
因为干旱，农业受到了影响。
因为干旱，农业受到了严重影响。 (Because of the drought, agriculture has been seriously affected.)
干旱导致了水资源短缺。
长期的干旱导致了水资源短缺。 (The long-term drought led to a water shortage.)
如何应对干旱是一个大问题。
如何有效地应对干旱是一个大问题。 (How to effectively deal with drought is a big problem.)
干旱对生态系统造成了破坏。
这次干旱对当地的生态系统造成了巨大破坏。 (This drought caused great destruction to the local ecosystem.)
政府采取措施缓解干旱。
政府正在采取措施缓解干旱带来的影响。 (The government is taking measures to alleviate the impact of the drought.)
历史数据显示，该地区周期性地出现干旱。
历史数据显示，该地区周期性地出现干旱，需要长期的水资源管理策略。 (Historical data shows that this region periodically experiences droughts, requiring long-term water resource management strategies.)
专家们正在研究干旱与气候变化的关联。
专家们正在深入研究干旱与全球气候变化的关联。 (Experts are deeply researching the connection between drought and global climate change.)
Família de palavras
Substantivos
Adjetivos
Como usar
干旱 (gānhàn) is a noun meaning 'drought'. It refers to a period of unusually dry weather. You can use it in sentences like:
- 这场干旱持续了三年。(Zhè chǎng gānhàn chíxù le sān nián.) - This drought lasted for three years.
- 干旱对农业造成了严重影响。(Gānhàn duì nóngyè zàochéng le yánzhòng yǐngxiǎng.) - The drought has had a serious impact on agriculture.
A common mistake is confusing 干旱 (gānhàn) with 干燥 (gānzào). While both relate to dryness, they are used differently:
- 干旱 (gānhàn) refers specifically to a drought, a natural disaster or extended period of dry weather.
- 干燥 (gānzào) is an adjective meaning 'dry' in a more general sense, describing conditions or objects. For example:
- 天气很干燥。(Tiānqì hěn gānzào.) - The weather is very dry.
- 我的皮肤很干燥。(Wǒ de pífū hěn gānzào.) - My skin is very dry.
Dicas
Learn the Characters
Break down 干旱: 干 (gān) means dry, 旱 (hàn) means drought. This helps reinforce the meaning.
Listen to Pronunciation
Pay attention to the tones: gān (1st tone) and hàn (4th tone). Correct tones are crucial for being understood. You can find audio examples on Pleco or Google Translate.
Use it in a Simple Sentence
Try saying: 这次干旱很严重 (Zhè cì gānhàn hěn yánzhòng). This drought is very severe. This helps with practical application.
Connect to Other Words
Relate it to other weather terms you know, like 下雨 (xiàyǔ) for rain or 洪水 (hóngshuǐ) for flood, to build a vocabulary network.
Visual Association
Imagine a cracked, dry earth when you think of 干旱. Visuals can strongly aid memory retention.
Practice Writing
Write the characters a few times. This helps with muscle memory and reinforces the stroke order.
Find Examples in Context
Search for news articles or simple stories about 'drought' in Chinese. This shows how it's used naturally. For example, 导致干旱 (dǎozhì gānhàn) means leads to drought.
Don't Confuse with 'Dry'
While 干 means dry, 干旱 specifically refers to 'drought' as a noun. Don't use it to mean 'my clothes are dry' (我的衣服干了 - Wǒ de yīfu gān le), which uses just 干.
Listen for Collocations
Listen for common phrases with 干旱, like 严重干旱 (yánzhòng gānhàn) for severe drought or 抗旱 (kànghàn) for fight drought. This helps with natural usage.
Review Regularly
Add 干旱 to your flashcards or review list. Consistent exposure is key for long-term retention. Try to recall it a few times this week.
Perguntas frequentes
10 perguntasYou say 'drought' in Chinese as 干旱 (gānhàn). It's a noun.
No, 干旱 (gānhàn) specifically refers to a meteorological or environmental drought, a lack of rainfall. For a person being thirsty, you'd use 渴 (kě).
Certainly. Here's one:
这个地区正在经历严重的干旱。
(Zhège dìqū zhèngzài jīnglì yánzhòng de gānhàn.)
This region is experiencing a severe drought.
Yes, 干旱 (gānhàn) is a relatively common word, especially when discussing weather, agriculture, or environmental issues. It's good to know for general comprehension.
While 干旱 (gānhàn) isn't typically part of many common idioms, you'll often hear it combined with words like 季节 (jìjié) meaning 'season' (干旱季节 - dry season) or 地区 (dìqū) meaning 'region' (干旱地区 - arid region).
干旱 (gānhàn) is a neutral, descriptive term. It describes a condition, so it doesn't carry a positive or negative emotional tone itself, although the consequences of drought are often negative.
Let's break it down:
干 (gān) means 'dry'. Think of a dry cracker.
旱 (hàn) also means 'drought' or 'dry land'. It has the sun (日) and a line that could represent the ground, indicating a dry, sunny condition. Together, they strongly emphasize 'dryness' related to lack of water.
Generally, 干旱 (gānhàn) functions as a noun. However, it can be used attributively, like 'dry season' (干旱季节), where it modifies the following noun. So it describes, but it's not a standalone adjective like 'thirsty'.
Both 干 (gān) and 旱 (hàn) relate to dryness. However, 干 (gān) is a very general term for dry (e.g., dry clothes, dry bread). 旱 (hàn) is more specific to a lack of water, especially in terms of agriculture or weather, as in 'drought'. When combined as 干旱 (gānhàn), they specifically refer to a period of drought.
干旱 (gānhàn) is the standard and most commonly used term for 'drought'. There isn't a significantly more formal or informal equivalent that you need to worry about for everyday communication or even news reports.
Teste-se 144 perguntas
Choose the correct pinyin for 干旱 (drought).
The correct pinyin for 干旱 is gān hàn.
Which of the following describes a 'drought'?
Drought means a shortage of water.
The word 干旱 (gān hàn) is a...
干旱 is a noun, meaning 'drought'.
干旱 means there is too much rain.
干旱 means there is not enough rain, leading to a shortage of water.
When there is a 干旱, people might worry about water.
A drought (干旱) means a shortage of water, so people would worry about water.
干旱 is a good thing for plants.
Drought (干旱) is bad for plants because they need water to grow.
This sentence describes a place as very dry. '这个' means 'this', '地方' means 'place', '很' means 'very', and '干旱' means 'dry/drought'.
This sentence explains a consequence of drought. '因为' means 'because', '干旱' means 'drought', '没有' means 'there is no', and '水' means 'water'.
This sentence expresses a preference. '我' means 'I', '喜欢' means 'like', '下雨' means 'rain', '不喜欢' means 'dislike', and '干旱' means 'drought'.
这个地区经常发生___，导致农作物歉收。
句子描述了农作物歉收，这是干旱造成的后果。
长时间的___让湖泊的水位变得很低。
湖泊水位低是由于长时间的干旱。
农民们很担心今年的___会影响收成。
农民担心的是对收成不利的天气情况，即干旱。
为了应对___，政府呼吁大家节约用水。
节约用水是应对干旱的措施。
这个国家常常因为___而面临严重的缺水问题。
缺水问题通常是由于干旱。
新闻报道说，这里已经连续几个月没有下雨了，是严重的___。
连续几个月没有下雨导致的是严重的干旱。
Choose the correct word to complete the sentence: 中国北方经常发生___。
The sentence talks about a frequent natural phenomenon in northern China that causes water shortage, which is 'drought'.
Which of the following is most likely to cause crops to die?
A drought means there isn't enough water, which would cause crops to die.
这个国家因为___，食物很少。
A drought leads to a shortage of water, which affects agriculture and can result in less food.
干旱意味着有很多水。
干旱 (gānhàn - drought) means a shortage of water, not a lot of water.
如果一个地方有干旱，人们可能没有足够的水喝。
干旱 (gānhàn - drought) means there is not enough water, so people might not have enough to drink.
干旱对植物生长是好事。
干旱 (gānhàn - drought) means a lack of water, which is bad for plants and their growth.
This place often experiences drought.
Drought caused crops to die.
We must save water to prevent drought.
Read this aloud:
干旱对环境有什么影响？
Focus: gān hàn
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
你们国家有没有干旱问题？
Focus: gān hàn wèn tí
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
干旱的时候，人们应该怎么做？
Focus: zěn me zuò
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Write a short sentence describing a dry period using '干旱'.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
这个夏天很干旱，没有下雨。(This summer is very dry; it didn't rain.)
Imagine you live in a place experiencing '干旱'. Write a simple sentence about its effect.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
因为干旱，我们没有足够的水。(Because of the drought, we don't have enough water.)
Use '干旱' to complete the sentence: 农作物因为___死了。(Crops died because of ___.)
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
农作物因为干旱死了。(Crops died because of the drought.)
这段话在描述什么？ (What is this passage describing?)
Read this passage:
今年冬天没有下雪，春天也没有下雨。土地很干。农民很担心他们的庄稼。
这段话在描述什么？ (What is this passage describing?)
文章提到没有下雪也没有下雨，土地很干，农民很担心庄稼，这些都指向干旱。(The passage mentions no snow or rain, dry land, and farmers worrying about crops, all indicating drought.)
文章提到没有下雪也没有下雨，土地很干，农民很担心庄稼，这些都指向干旱。(The passage mentions no snow or rain, dry land, and farmers worrying about crops, all indicating drought.)
这种情况叫什么？ (What is this situation called?)
Read this passage:
一个地区长时间没有下雨。植物没有水喝，所以它们枯萎了。这种情况叫什么？
这种情况叫什么？ (What is this situation called?)
长时间没有下雨导致植物枯萎，这正是干旱的定义。(A long period without rain causing plants to wither is the definition of drought.)
长时间没有下雨导致植物枯萎，这正是干旱的定义。(A long period without rain causing plants to wither is the definition of drought.)
根据这段话，人们为什么很难找到水？ (According to the passage, why is it hard for people to find water?)
Read this passage:
这个国家经常发生干旱。人们很难找到水来喝或者给农田浇水。
根据这段话，人们为什么很难找到水？ (According to the passage, why is it hard for people to find water?)
原文明确指出“这个国家经常发生干旱。人们很难找到水。” (The original text clearly states, 'This country often experiences droughts. It is difficult for people to find water.')
原文明确指出“这个国家经常发生干旱。人们很难找到水。” (The original text clearly states, 'This country often experiences droughts. It is difficult for people to find water.')
This sentence describes that the area frequently experiences droughts. The order is: Subject (这个 地区 - this area) + Adverb (经常 - often) + Verb (发生 - occur) + Noun (干旱 - drought).
This sentence explains the consequence of drought. The order is: Cause (因为 干旱 - because of drought) + Subject (农作物 - crops) + Adverb (都 - all) + Verb (死了 - died).
This sentence describes the severity of last year's drought. The order is: Time (去年 的 - last year's) + Subject (干旱 - drought) + Adverb (很 - very) + Adjective (严重 - severe).
这个夏天持续的___，导致农作物收成不好。
句子描述的是农作物收成不好，这通常是由长时间缺水，即干旱造成的。
由于连续几个月没有下雨，这个地区正在经历严重的___。
没有下雨导致缺水，就是干旱。
政府正在采取措施缓解___地区居民的用水困难。
用水困难通常发生在干旱地区。
科学家警告说，全球变暖可能会加剧某些地区的___风险。
全球变暖常常与极端天气事件，包括干旱，联系在一起。
为了应对___，农民们开始使用节水灌溉技术。
节水灌溉是为了应对缺水，即干旱。
新闻报道指出，非洲之角地区正面临几十年来最严重的___。
“几十年来最严重的”通常用来形容严重的自然灾害，而干旱是该地区常面临的问题。
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: “由于长时间的___，农作物都枯死了。”
The sentence describes crops dying due to a prolonged period, which points to 'drought'.
Which of the following situations is most likely caused by 干旱 (gānhàn)?
Drought leads to dry land and empty reservoirs.
The government is trying to find solutions for the severe ___ in the region. What is the missing word?
The context of finding solutions for 'severe' problems related to natural phenomena suggests 'drought' is the best fit.
长期下雨会造成干旱。(Chángqī xiàyǔ huì zàochéng gānhàn.) - Long-term rain will cause drought.
Long-term rain would prevent drought, not cause it.
干旱可能导致农作物减产。(Gānhàn kěnéng dǎozhì nóngzuòwù jiǎnchǎn.) - Drought can lead to reduced crop yield.
Drought means a lack of water, which is harmful to crops and can reduce their yield.
在干旱时期，我们应该节约用水。(Zài gānhàn shíqī, wǒmen yīnggāi jiéyuē yòngshuǐ.) - During a drought, we should save water.
Saving water is crucial during a drought due to water scarcity.
The drought caused a significant reduction in crop yields.
This region frequently experiences droughts.
The government is taking measures to combat the drought.
Read this aloud:
你认为干旱对当地经济有什么影响？
Focus: 干旱 (gānhàn), 经济 (jīngjì)
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
请描述一下你家乡应对干旱的经验。
Focus: 家乡 (jiāxiāng), 经验 (jīngyàn)
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
气候变化是否会加剧干旱的发生？
Focus: 气候变化 (qìhòu biànhuà), 加剧 (jiājù)
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Describe a time you experienced or learned about a drought. How did it affect people or nature?
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
去年我们这里有一次严重的干旱，河流都干了。农民的庄稼死了，人们也开始节约用水。天气变得非常热。
Imagine you are a news reporter. Write a short news report (3-4 sentences) about a severe drought in a region. Include details about its impact.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
本周，南方地区正经历一场前所未有的干旱。降雨量稀少，导致农作物大面积枯死，居民生活用水也受到严重影响。当地政府正在采取措施，希望能缓解这一危机。
Explain two common causes of drought and how they can be prevented or mitigated.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
干旱的常见原因之一是气候变化，导致降雨模式改变。另一个原因是过度砍伐森林，减少了土壤保持水分的能力。我们可以通过推广节水技术和植树造林来缓解这些问题。
根据短文，以下哪项不是导致干旱的主要原因？
Read this passage:
近几年，全球多个地区都面临着严重的干旱问题。气候变化是主要原因之一，导致降雨量减少，气温升高。这不仅影响了农业生产，也对生态环境造成了巨大压力。为了应对干旱，许多国家都在研究新的节水技术。
根据短文，以下哪项不是导致干旱的主要原因？
短文提到节水技术是应对干旱的方法，而不是导致干旱的原因。
短文提到节水技术是应对干旱的方法，而不是导致干旱的原因。
短文主要讨论了干旱对哪个方面的影响？
Read this passage:
干旱会给一个地区的经济带来沉重打击。农业是受影响最严重的行业之一，因为农作物无法生长，导致粮食短缺。同时，水力发电也会受到限制，影响电力供应。旅游业也可能因为自然景观的破坏而遭受损失。
短文主要讨论了干旱对哪个方面的影响？
短文主要列举了干旱对农业、电力供应和旅游业等经济方面的影响。
短文主要列举了干旱对农业、电力供应和旅游业等经济方面的影响。
根据短文，为了应对未来的干旱，个人可以做些什么？
Read this passage:
科学家们警告说，随着全球变暖的加剧，未来干旱的频率和强度可能会进一步增加。为了保护我们的水资源，每个人都应该从日常生活中做起，节约用水，减少浪费。政府也需要制定更有效的政策来管理和分配水资源。
根据短文，为了应对未来的干旱，个人可以做些什么？
短文指出，个人应该从日常生活中做起，节约用水，减少浪费。
短文指出，个人应该从日常生活中做起，节约用水，减少浪费。
This sentence describes a drought that has lasted for three years in a particular region. The word order follows a typical Chinese sentence structure: Subject (这个地区 - this region) + Time (已经三年 - already three years) + Predicate (干旱了 - has been in drought).
This sentence explains the consequence of a drought. '因为干旱' means 'because of the drought'. '农作物' are crops, '都' means all, and '死了' means died. The order 'Because drought, crops all died' is natural in Chinese.
This sentence describes government action in response to a drought. '政府' is the government, '正在' indicates an ongoing action, '采取措施' means 'take measures', and '应对干旱' means 'to deal with the drought'.
连续几个月的___导致农作物大面积减产。
The sentence talks about crop reduction due to a prolonged lack of rain, which is '干旱' (drought).
为了应对___，政府呼吁居民节约用水。
The context of saving water directly relates to '干旱' (drought).
长期___使得这条河流几乎干涸。
'干旱' (drought) is the most fitting word to describe a situation where a river dries up due to lack of water.
科学家正在研究如何预测和缓解未来的___危机。
The blank refers to a crisis that can be predicted and mitigated, and '干旱' (drought) is a natural disaster that fits this description, often leading to water and food crises.
严重的___迫使许多农民离开家园。
Severe '干旱' (drought) can cause crop failure and water scarcity, forcing farmers to abandon their homes.
这个地区历史上曾多次遭受___的侵袭。
'干旱' (drought) is a common natural disaster that can repeatedly affect a region.
连续几个月的降雨不足可能导致什么自然灾害？
干旱是指长时间降雨不足造成的水源短缺。
以下哪种情况最可能与干旱有关？
干旱会使水库蓄水量减少，导致水位下降。
政府为应对干旱，通常会采取哪些措施？
节水政策是应对干旱最直接有效的方法之一。
干旱是指降雨量过多，导致农田被淹。
干旱是降雨量不足，导致缺水，农田被淹是洪水。
长期干旱可能对当地的生态环境造成严重影响。
干旱会导致河流干涸、植被枯死，严重破坏生态平衡。
干旱通常只会影响农业，对工业和居民生活没有影响。
干旱不仅影响农业，还会导致工业生产用水短缺和居民生活用水困难。
The region experienced a severe drought last year.
Drought caused a significant decrease in crop yield.
The government is taking measures to cope with the long-term drought.
Read this aloud:
请描述一下干旱对当地居民生活的影响。
Focus: 干旱 (gānhàn)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
你认为我们应该如何预防干旱的发生？
Focus: 预防 (yùfáng)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
面对干旱，农民们通常会采取哪些措施自救？
Focus: 自救 (zìjiù)
Você disse:
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Imagine you are a farmer. Describe how a severe drought would affect your crops and your daily life. Use '干旱' (gānhàn) at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
我们这里已经干旱好几个月了，我的庄稼都快枯死了。地里严重缺水，我不知道今年的收成会怎么样。这样的日子真是太困难了。
You are a local government official. Propose three measures your government could implement to mitigate the effects of a future drought. Include '干旱' (gānhàn) in your response.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
为了应对未来的干旱，我们政府可以采取以下措施：首先，加强节约用水的宣传和管理；其次，修建新的水库以储存更多水源；最后，推广节水灌溉技术，提高水资源利用效率。
Write a short news report about a region experiencing a prolonged drought. Focus on the environmental and social impacts. Use '干旱' (gānhàn) at least once.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
某地区正经历一场严重的干旱，当地河流干涸，农田龟裂。这场持续的干旱已经严重影响了当地居民的饮水和农业生产，引发了一场生态和社会危机。
根据短文，什么因素导致了干旱频发？
Read this passage:
近些年来，全球气候变暖导致极端天气事件频发，其中干旱就是最常见的一种。许多国家和地区都受到了干旱的严重影响，农业生产遭受重创，水资源日益紧张。专家呼吁各国政府加强合作，共同应对气候变化带来的挑战。
根据短文，什么因素导致了干旱频发？
短文明确提到“全球气候变暖导致极端天气事件频发，其中干旱就是最常见的一种”。
短文明确提到“全球气候变暖导致极端天气事件频发，其中干旱就是最常见的一种”。
这段文字主要描述了干旱对当地居民的哪方面影响？
Read this passage:
某偏远山区因为长期干旱，当地居民的生活条件非常艰苦。他们不仅面临饮水困难，而且农作物也无法正常生长，导致食物短缺。国际救援组织正在向该地区提供援助，希望能够缓解他们的困境。
这段文字主要描述了干旱对当地居民的哪方面影响？
文中提到“饮水困难”和“农作物也无法正常生长，导致食物短缺”，这些都属于生活条件和食物来源方面的影响。
文中提到“饮水困难”和“农作物也无法正常生长，导致食物短缺”，这些都属于生活条件和食物来源方面的影响。
以下哪项不是文中提到的节水技术？
Read this passage:
为了应对日益严重的干旱问题，科学家们正在积极研究各种节水技术，例如海水淡化、雨水收集和高效灌溉系统。这些技术的应用有望在未来有效缓解全球水资源短缺的局面。
以下哪项不是文中提到的节水技术？
文中提到了海水淡化、雨水收集和高效灌溉系统，但没有提及地下水抽取。
文中提到了海水淡化、雨水收集和高效灌溉系统，但没有提及地下水抽取。
The correct order forms the sentence 'This region has been in drought for three consecutive years.'
The correct order forms the sentence 'The continuous drought led to a significant reduction in crop yield.'
The correct order forms the sentence 'The government is taking measures to respond to the drought crisis.'
连续几个月的___导致农作物大面积死亡。
The sentence describes crops dying over a large area due to several months of a natural phenomenon. '干旱' (drought) fits the context of agricultural devastation.
为了应对日益严重的___，政府启动了节水措施。
The sentence talks about the government initiating water-saving measures in response to an increasingly severe problem. '干旱' (drought) directly relates to water shortage and the need for conservation.
长期___使得当地生态环境遭受了巨大破坏。
The sentence indicates that a prolonged situation has caused significant damage to the local ecological environment. '干旱' (drought) is a natural disaster that severely impacts ecosystems.
专家预测，未来几年该地区将面临更频繁的___。
The sentence discusses experts predicting a more frequent occurrence of a certain event in the coming years. Given the context of environmental challenges, '干旱' (drought) is a plausible negative prediction.
由于严重的___，水库的水位已经降到历史最低点。
The sentence states that the water level in the reservoir has dropped to a historic low. This is a direct consequence of '干旱' (drought), which implies a lack of rainfall.
农民们正在为应对即将到来的___季节做准备。
Farmers preparing for an upcoming season suggests they are bracing for a challenging period. '干旱' (drought) represents a significant challenge for agriculture, prompting preparation.
The dry region faces serious water shortages.
This drought has lasted for three months, causing a huge impact on agriculture.
The government is taking measures to address the increasing threat of drought.
Read this aloud:
请描述一下干旱对当地居民生活的影响。
Focus: 干旱 (gānhàn), 居民 (jūmín), 影响 (yǐngxiǎng)
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Read this aloud:
你认为我们应该如何有效应对全球变暖导致的干旱问题？
Focus: 全球变暖 (quánqiú biànnuǎn), 应对 (yìngduì), 有效 (yǒuxiào)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
在过去几年里，你所在的地区是否经历过严重的干旱？
Focus: 经历 (jīnglì), 严重 (yánzhòng), 地区 (dìqū)
Você disse:
Speech recognition is not supported in your browser. Try Chrome or Edge.
Describe the economic impact of a severe drought on agriculture in a specific region of China. Focus on how farmers might be affected and what measures could be taken to mitigate the damage.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
严重的干旱会导致农作物大幅度减产，例如，华北地区的玉米和大豆可能因缺水而无法正常生长。这直接影响农民的收入，使得许多家庭面临经济困境。为了应对干旱，政府可以加大对高效灌溉系统的投入，并提供干旱补贴帮助农民渡过难关。此外，长期的水资源管理策略，如推广节水农业技术和修建水库，也至关重要。
Imagine you are a journalist reporting on a recent drought. Write a short news report detailing the current situation, the impact on local residents, and any emergency responses underway.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
近日，X市遭遇数十年未遇的干旱，多地水库水位持续下降，已低于警戒线。这严重影响了当地居民的日常生产生活用水，部分地区已开始限时供水。市政府已启动应急预案，组织抗旱工作队深入乡村，协调水车为居民送水。同时，大批志愿者也积极投身抗旱一线，帮助运送物资，确保受灾群众的基本生活需求。
Discuss the environmental consequences of prolonged drought beyond just water scarcity. Consider effects on ecosystems, soil, and biodiversity.
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
长时间的干旱不仅仅带来水资源短缺，还会对生态环境造成深远影响。例如，地表植被因缺水而枯萎，导致土壤裸露，极易发生土壤侵蚀。这会破坏原有的生态系统平衡，使许多动植物的栖息地遭到破坏，甚至导致生物多样性锐减。此外，干燥的环境也大大增加了森林火灾的风险，并可能加速土地的荒漠化进程，对环境造成不可逆的损害。
根据短文，以下哪项不是干旱可能引发的问题？
Read this passage:
近年来，全球气候变化加剧，极端天气事件频发。其中，干旱是许多国家和地区面临的严峻挑战。它不仅导致农作物歉收，影响粮食安全，还可能引发一系列社会和环境问题，如饮用水短缺、生态系统退化甚至社会冲突。面对干旱的威胁，国际社会需要加强合作，共同探寻有效的应对策略。
根据短文，以下哪项不是干旱可能引发的问题？
短文提到干旱“影响粮食安全”，而不是“引发”粮食安全问题。干旱是导致粮食安全受到威胁的原因，而不是粮食安全本身成为干旱引发的问题。
短文提到干旱“影响粮食安全”，而不是“引发”粮食安全问题。干旱是导致粮食安全受到威胁的原因，而不是粮食安全本身成为干旱引发的问题。
以下哪项是文中提到的应对干旱的措施？
Read this passage:
为了应对日益频繁的干旱，许多国家开始实施先进的节水技术和水资源管理政策。例如，推广滴灌和喷灌等高效节水灌溉技术，可以显著减少农业用水量。此外，建设海水淡化厂、污水处理再利用以及实施水权交易等措施，也为缓解水资源压力提供了新的途径。然而，这些措施的推广和实施需要大量的资金投入和技术支持。
以下哪项是文中提到的应对干旱的措施？
文中明确提到了“建设海水淡化厂”作为应对干旱的措施。
文中明确提到了“建设海水淡化厂”作为应对干旱的措施。
根据短文，干旱对水生生态系统有何影响？
Read this passage:
长期干旱对水生生态系统造成毁灭性打击。河流和湖泊水位下降，水流减缓，导致水温升高，溶解氧含量减少。这使得许多水生生物难以生存，甚至面临灭绝的风险。同时，干旱还可能促使一些外来物种入侵，进一步破坏原有的生态平衡。保护水生生态系统，是应对干旱挑战的重要组成部分。
根据短文，干旱对水生生态系统有何影响？
短文明确指出“导致水温升高，溶解氧含量减少”。
短文明确指出“导致水温升高，溶解氧含量减少”。
This sentence describes the direct consequence of a prolonged drought on agriculture, emphasizing the severity of crop failure.
This sentence illustrates governmental action in response to drought, focusing on water conservation efforts.
This sentence highlights the long-term impact of drought on a region and its residents' daily lives.
Choose the most appropriate word to complete the sentence: “尽管政府采取了多项措施，但该地区面临的___问题依然严峻。”
The sentence discusses severe issues despite government measures, and '干旱' (drought) fits the context of environmental challenges.
Which of the following phrases best describes the primary impact of a severe '干旱'?
Drought (干旱) directly leads to water scarcity, which severely impacts agriculture and causes reduced crop yields.
Which of these regions is historically prone to '干旱'?
The Sahara Desert is well-known for its arid climate and frequent droughts (干旱).
长期干旱会导致地下水位上升。
长期干旱 (prolonged drought) typically leads to a decrease in groundwater levels, not an increase.
实行节水措施是应对干旱的有效方法。
实行节水措施 (implementing water-saving measures) is a crucial and effective strategy for mitigating the effects of drought (干旱).
干旱对渔业没有任何影响。
Drought (干旱) can significantly affect aquatic ecosystems, leading to lower water levels, higher water temperatures, and reduced oxygen, all of which negatively impact fisheries.
The government has implemented many drought-relief measures.
Experts are warning about the potential for ecological disaster.
The drought has caused groundwater levels to drop.
Read this aloud:
请描述一下干旱对当地经济的影响，并提出可能的解决方案。
Focus: 干旱 (gānhàn)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
你认为在面对长期干旱时，个人和社区可以采取哪些节水措施？
Focus: 节水 (jiéshuǐ)
Você disse:
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Read this aloud:
结合你所了解的知识，谈谈气候变化与全球干旱现象之间的关联。
Focus: 气候变化 (qìhòu biànhuà)
Você disse:
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阐述在面临长期干旱时，一个国家在经济、社会和环境方面可能遭受的深远影响。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
长期干旱可能导致一个国家面临严重的经济衰退，农业产量锐减，进而影响粮食安全和出口收入。社会方面，水资源短缺可能引发人口迁移和地区冲突，加剧社会动荡。从环境角度看，干旱会造成土地退化、生物多样性丧失，甚至加速荒漠化进程。因此，有效的跨部门水资源管理策略和可持续的农业发展模式对于减缓干旱影响至关重要。
假设你是一个国际援助组织的负责人，请撰写一份紧急呼吁，旨在为遭受严重干旱的地区筹集救灾资金和物资。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
紧急呼吁：我们正面临一场前所未有的人道主义危机。XXX地区正遭受着长达数年的严重干旱，导致数百万人面临饥荒和疾病的威胁。水资源枯竭，农作物颗粒无收，儿童和老人尤其脆弱。我们急需您的慷慨捐助，以提供紧急粮食援助、洁净饮用水和医疗支持。您的每一笔捐款，每一份物资，都将为这些受苦受难的人们带去生的希望。让我们携手，共同应对这场自然灾害，展现国际社会的团结与力量。
请分析气候变化对全球干旱模式的影响，并提出未来可能采取的应对策略。
Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.
Sample answer
气候变化是导致全球干旱模式发生变化的关键因素。全球变暖导致蒸发量增加，降水分布不均，使得一些地区干旱的频率和强度都在上升。未来，我们可能面临更长时间、更严重的干旱事件。应对策略应包括：1) 适应策略：发展耐旱作物，改进灌溉技术，推广节水型农业，并投资于水资源循环利用技术。2) 减缓措施：减少温室气体排放，限制全球变暖的幅度。此外，建立早期预警系统和完善的应急响应机制也至关重要。
根据文章，联合国报告主要关注了干旱的哪些方面？
Read this passage:
近日，联合国发布报告指出，全球多地正经历前所未有的长期干旱。这份报告详细阐述了干旱对农业生产、水资源供应以及生态系统造成的严重破坏。报告强调，如果不采取有效措施，未来的干旱将更加频繁和严重，对全球经济和社会发展构成巨大挑战。专家呼吁各国加强国际合作，共同应对气候变化带来的极端天气事件。
根据文章，联合国报告主要关注了干旱的哪些方面？
文章明确提到“这份报告详细阐述了干旱对农业生产、水资源供应以及生态系统造成的严重破坏”。
文章明确提到“这份报告详细阐述了干旱对农业生产、水资源供应以及生态系统造成的严重破坏”。
文章指出，该国为缓解干旱危机采取了哪些措施？
Read this passage:
某内陆国家连续五年遭遇特大干旱，导致其主要河流干涸，水力发电锐减，严重影响了国民经济。为缓解危机，该国政府启动了大规模海水淡化项目，并积极寻求国际援助。然而，高昂的成本和有限的技术使得项目的推进面临重重困难。专家认为，长期来看，调整产业结构、发展节水型经济才是根本出路。
文章指出，该国为缓解干旱危机采取了哪些措施？
文章明确指出“该国政府启动了大规模海水淡化项目，并积极寻求国际援助”。
文章明确指出“该国政府启动了大规模海水淡化项目，并积极寻求国际援助”。
根据文章，地下水过度开采会带来哪些负面影响？
Read this passage:
干旱不仅影响地表水资源，还会导致地下水位下降，进而引发地表沉降等一系列地质灾害。在一些干旱严重的地区，地下水过度开采已经成为常态，这不仅加速了地下水资源的枯竭，也对生态环境造成了不可逆转的损害。因此，科学合理地管理和利用地下水资源，对于干旱地区的生态安全至关重要。
根据文章，地下水过度开采会带来哪些负面影响？
文章提到“干旱不仅影响地表水资源，还会导致地下水位下降，进而引发地表沉降等一系列地质灾害。…加速了地下水资源的枯竭”。
文章提到“干旱不仅影响地表水资源，还会导致地下水位下降，进而引发地表沉降等一系列地质灾害。…加速了地下水资源的枯竭”。
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Learn the Characters
Break down 干旱: 干 (gān) means dry, 旱 (hàn) means drought. This helps reinforce the meaning.
Listen to Pronunciation
Pay attention to the tones: gān (1st tone) and hàn (4th tone). Correct tones are crucial for being understood. You can find audio examples on Pleco or Google Translate.
Use it in a Simple Sentence
Try saying: 这次干旱很严重 (Zhè cì gānhàn hěn yánzhòng). This drought is very severe. This helps with practical application.
Connect to Other Words
Relate it to other weather terms you know, like 下雨 (xiàyǔ) for rain or 洪水 (hóngshuǐ) for flood, to build a vocabulary network.
