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A2 adjective #3,500 最常用 10分钟阅读

متأسف

muta'assif 前3,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 متأسف 30秒了解

解析 متأسف in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners treat 'Mut'assif' as a fixed phrase for 'I am sorry.' They primarily use it in the first person singular: 'Ana mut'assif' for men and 'Ana mut'assifa' for women. The focus is on basic social survival—apologizing for being late or for not understanding a word. At this stage, the learner does not yet need to understand the complex root system or the Form V derivation. The goal is simply to pair the word with 'jiddan' (very) to show sincerity and to use it as a polite response in classroom or basic social settings. It is often one of the first ten adjectives an Arabic student learns because of its immediate utility in polite conversation.

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At the A2 level, learners begin to expand their use of 'Mut'assif' by adding prepositions. They move from simple 'I am sorry' to 'I am sorry for the delay' (Mut'assif ala al-ta'khir) or 'I am sorry for the mistake' (Mut'assif ala al-khata'). They also start to recognize the plural form 'Mut'assifun' when speaking on behalf of a group. A2 learners are expected to distinguish between 'Mut'assif' and 'Afwan' (Excuse me/You're welcome) and use them in the correct contexts. They also begin to notice the word in simple dialogues and can use it to decline an invitation politely, which is a key social skill in Arabic-speaking cultures.

By B1, the learner is comfortable with the grammatical agreement and can use 'Mut'assif' in more complex sentence structures, such as 'I am sorry that I didn't call you' (Mut'assif li-annani lam attasil bika). They begin to understand the nuance between 'Mut'assif' and its synonyms like 'Asif' or 'A'tadhir.' B1 learners can use the word to express sympathy for someone else's situation, not just as an apology for their own actions. They are also becoming aware of regional variations and might notice how 'Mut'assif' is used more frequently in certain dialects compared to others. Their usage becomes more fluid and integrated into longer narratives.

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At the B2 level, the learner understands the morphological connection between 'Mut'assif' and the root A-S-F. They can appreciate the word's presence in literature and news media. They use the word with greater precision, choosing it over 'Asif' when they want to convey a more sincere or deliberate sense of regret. B2 learners can also handle the word in the passive or reported sense, such as 'The company is sorry for the inconvenience.' They are capable of using 'Mut'assif' in debate or negotiation to soften a disagreement or to acknowledge a point made by the other side before countering it, showing a high level of communicative competence.

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C1 learners possess a deep appreciation for the emotional and cultural weight of 'Mut'assif.' They can analyze its use in classical texts and modern poetry, where the root A-S-F often denotes profound grief. They are skilled at using the word in professional and academic writing, though they often opt for more formal alternatives like 'Ya'tasif' (to regret) in these contexts. A C1 learner can detect the subtle difference in tone when a speaker uses 'Mut'assif' versus 'Mu'tadhir' and can adjust their own speech to match the exact social register required. They use the word to navigate complex interpersonal dynamics with ease and cultural sensitivity.

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At the C2 level, 'Mut'assif' is just one part of a vast repertoire of expressions for regret and empathy. The learner can use it in a way that is indistinguishable from a native speaker, including the use of accompanying gestures and cultural idioms. They understand the historical evolution of the word and its root. In a C2 context, the learner might use 'Mut'assif' in a philosophical discussion about the nature of regret or in a high-stakes diplomatic setting where every word choice carries significant weight. They are fully aware of the word's limitations and its strengths, using it to build rapport and demonstrate a profound understanding of the 'Arab heart' and its social values.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

متأسف 30秒了解

Mut'assif is the standard Arabic word for 'sorry' or 'regretful,' used in both casual and formal settings.
It must change based on gender: 'mut'assif' for males and 'mut'assifa' for females.
It comes from the root A-S-F, which relates to sorrow and grief in classical Arabic.
Commonly paired with the preposition 'ala' to specify what one is sorry for.

The Arabic word متأسف (mut'assif) is a cornerstone of polite social interaction in the Arabic-speaking world. At its most fundamental level, it translates to 'sorry' or 'regretful' in English. However, to truly master its use, one must understand the linguistic architecture from which it arises. It is derived from the tri-literal root أ - س - ف (A-S-F), which is fundamentally linked to the concepts of sorrow, grief, and regret. This root appears in various forms throughout Arabic literature and the Quran, most famously in the expression of Jacob's grief over Joseph. In the modern context, متأسف functions as the active participle (اسم فاعل) of the Form V verb تأسف (ta'assafa), which means 'to feel sorry' or 'to regret.' Form V verbs in Arabic often denote a state that one has entered or a process of becoming. Therefore, when you say you are متأسف, you are not just saying 'I apologize' as a social reflex; you are describing an internal state of being affected by regret. This word is versatile, bridging the gap between casual daily interactions and more formal expressions of remorse.

Morphological Form: Active Participle of Form V (اسم فاعل من الفعل تفعّل)
Core Meaning: To be in a state of regret or sorrow regarding an action or situation.
Grammatical Gender: It must agree with the speaker: 'Mut'assif' for males and 'Mut'assifa' for females.

أنا متأسف جداً على ما حدث في الاجتماع اليوم.

هي تبدو متأسفة لأنها نسيت موعدك.

نحن متأسفون لإبلاغكم بهذا الخبر الصعب.

هل أنت متأسف حقاً عما قلته لي بالأمس؟

كان صوته يبدو متأسفاً للغاية عبر الهاتف.

Understanding the emotional nuance of متأسف requires observing the speaker's body language. In Middle Eastern cultures, an apology is often accompanied by placing the hand over the heart, signaling that the 'ta'assuf' (the feeling of being sorry) is genuine and heartfelt. This word is not just a tool for conflict resolution; it is an expression of empathy. When someone shares bad news, saying 'Ana mut'assif' functions similarly to 'I am sorry to hear that' in English, expressing solidarity with the other person's misfortune. It is this dual function—both an apology for one's own actions and an expression of sympathy for another's situation—that makes it such a vital word for any learner to internalize. Whether you are late for a coffee date, have accidentally bumped into someone on the street, or are offering condolences, متأسف is your primary linguistic bridge to maintaining social harmony and showing respect to others.

Using متأسف correctly in a sentence involves more than just knowing its meaning; it requires understanding its grammatical behavior as an adjective. In Arabic, adjectives must agree with the noun they describe in gender, number, and definiteness. When you are the one speaking, the word must match your gender. A man says 'Ana mut'assif,' while a woman says 'Ana mut'assifa.' If a group is speaking, they say 'Nahnu mut'assifun.' This agreement is non-negotiable and is one of the first things native speakers will notice. Furthermore, متأسف is usually followed by a preposition to explain the reason for the apology. The most common prepositions used are 'ala' (على), which means 'for' or 'on,' and 'li' (لـ), which means 'to' or 'for.' For example, 'Mut'assif ala al-ta'khir' (Sorry for the delay) or 'Mut'assif li-annani...' (Sorry because I...).

Preposition Usage: Use 'على' (ala) to specify the action or thing you are sorry about.
Gender Agreement: Male: Mut'assif | Female: Mut'assifa | Plural: Mut'assifun/Mut'assifeen.
Intensity Modifiers: Use 'jiddan' (very) or 'kathiran' (much) to emphasize your apology.

أنا متأسف جداً على التأخير، كانت هناك زحمة سير.

نحن متأسفون لأننا لن نستطيع حضور الحفل.

هل أنتِ متأسفة على ما فعلتِ بأخي الصغير؟

Beyond the basic 'I am sorry,' متأسف can be used to soften a rejection or a negative answer. For instance, if someone asks for a favor you cannot fulfill, starting your sentence with 'Ana mut'assif, lakin...' (I am sorry, but...) is considered much more polite than a direct 'No.' This usage is vital for navigating the nuances of Arab hospitality and social etiquette, where direct refusals are often seen as harsh. In this context, the word acts as a social lubricant, preserving the 'face' of both the speaker and the listener. Additionally, you might encounter the word in the passive or third-person sense, such as 'Huwa mut'assif' (He is sorry). This is used when reporting someone else's feelings or when mediating between two parties. For example, 'He is very sorry for what he said' would be 'Huwa mut'assif jiddan ala ma qalah.' Mastery of these patterns allows the learner to move beyond robotic translations and start communicating with the emotional intelligence expected in Arabic-speaking societies. Remember that the goal is not just to convey information, but to convey the right feeling.

The word متأسف is ubiquitous across the Arab world, though its frequency and specific pronunciation might vary by region. In the bustling streets of Cairo, you will hear it constantly as people navigate through crowds—though 'Asif' is perhaps more common there for quick apologies. In the Levant (Lebanon, Syria, Jordan, Palestine), متأسف is a staple of daily life. You'll hear it in a grocery store when someone accidentally takes the last item you were reaching for, or in a cafe when a waiter brings the wrong order. It is also a very common word in Arabic media, from soap operas (musalsalat) to news broadcasts. In a dramatic TV series, a character might tearfully say 'Ana mut'assifa' to seek forgiveness from a loved one, emphasizing the deep emotional weight the word can carry.

Daily Life: Commonly heard in markets, transportation, and family gatherings for minor mistakes.
Media and Arts: Used in songs and movies to express deep romantic regret or tragic remorse.
Customer Service: Waiters, clerks, and support agents use it to apologize for errors or delays.

المذيع: نحن متأسفون جداً على هذا العطل الفني المفاجئ.

النادل: أنا متأسف، لقد نفد هذا الطبق من قائمتنا اليوم.

الأم: هل أنت متأسف لأنك لم تدرس للامتحان؟

Interestingly, متأسف is also a word you will hear in professional environments. While 'A'tadhir' is the formal verb for 'I apologize,' a manager might say 'Ana mut'assif' to an employee when delivering a difficult decision, as it adds a layer of personal empathy that the purely formal verb might lack. It signals that the speaker personally feels the weight of the situation. In social media comments, you will often see it written as 'متأسف' or 'متأسفة' in response to sad news shared by friends. It is a word that transcends social classes; from the street vendor to the CEO, everyone uses متأسف to navigate the complexities of human interaction. For a learner, hearing this word is an invitation to respond with 'La ba's' (No problem) or 'Hasalan' (Okay), completing the cycle of social grace. Pay attention to how the word is paired with 'ya' (the vocative particle), as in 'Mut'assif ya habibi,' which adds a layer of affection to the apology, common among friends and family.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using متأسف is failing to apply gender agreement. In English, 'sorry' is an invariant adjective; it doesn't matter who is saying it. In Arabic, saying 'Ana mut'assif' when you are a woman sounds grammatically jarring to a native speaker. It is essential to internalize the addition of the 'ta marbuta' (ة) at the end for female speakers: متأسفة. Another common error is confusing متأسف with 'Afwan' (عفواً). While 'Afwan' can mean 'Excuse me' or 'You're welcome,' متأسف is specifically for expressing regret. If you want to get someone's attention to pass by them, 'Afwan' or 'Law Samaht' is appropriate, whereas متأسف would imply you have already done something wrong or are expressing sorrow.

The 'Afwan' Confusion: Don't use 'Mut'assif' to mean 'Excuse me' when trying to pass through a crowd; use 'Afwan'.
Preposition Errors: Avoid using 'li' (for) when 'ala' (on/for) is more natural for the specific reason of the apology.
Overusing Formal Forms: Using 'A'tadhir' in a very casual setting can sound robotic; 'Mut'assif' is often better for friends.

خطأ: أنا متأسف (قالتها امرأة). صح: أنا متأسفة.

خطأ: متأسف، هل يمكنني المرور؟ صح: عفواً، هل يمكنني المرور؟

Learners also struggle with the plural form. If you are apologizing on behalf of a group (like a family or a business team), you must use 'Mut'assifun' (nominative) or 'Mut'assifeen' (accusative/genitive). In spoken Arabic, 'Mut'assifeen' is the standard plural. Using the singular 'Mut'assif' for a group is a common beginner error. Additionally, pay attention to the intensity. Saying 'Mut'assif' for a major mistake without an intensifier like 'jiddan' (very) might come across as insincere. Conversely, using 'Mut'assif jiddan' for a tiny mistake might seem overly dramatic. Context is king. Finally, ensure you don't confuse it with 'Nadim' (regretful), which is used for deeper, more existential regret about life choices rather than social apologies. By avoiding these pitfalls, your Arabic will sound much more natural and empathetic.

While متأسف is a versatile word, Arabic offers a rich palette of alternatives depending on the level of formality and the nature of the regret. The most common synonym is آسف (Asif). While both mean 'sorry,' 'Asif' is often perceived as slightly more direct and is extremely common in Egyptian dialect. متأسف, being a Form V participle, can sometimes feel a bit more 'active'—as if you have processed the feeling of regret. In formal writing or high-level professional settings, you will often encounter the verb أعتذر (A'tadhir), which means 'I apologize.' This is the standard for business emails and official statements.

Asif (آسف): More casual, very common in Egypt, used for quick apologies.
A'tadhir (أعتذر): Formal verb meaning 'I apologize'. Best for professional contexts.
Nadim (نادم): Deep regret or remorse, often for a major life decision or moral failing.

أنا آسف، لم أسمعك جيداً. (Casual)

أنا نادم على تضييع وقتي في الماضي. (Deep regret)

أرجو أن تقبل اعتذاري الصادق. (Formal noun)

Another interesting alternative is the phrase 'Samihni' (سامحني), which literally means 'Forgive me.' This is used when the speaker has done something that requires more than just a 'sorry'—it asks for the other person to actively let go of the grudge. In contrast, متأسف focuses more on the speaker's internal feeling. Then there is 'Ma'lish' (معليش), a North African and Egyptian staple that means 'It's okay' or 'Don't worry about it,' but can also be used as a very light apology. Understanding these synonyms allows you to tailor your speech to the specific social pressure of the moment. If you step on someone's foot, 'Asif' or 'Mut'assif' is fine. If you miss a deadline for your boss, 'A'tadhir' is better. If you break a promise to a friend, 'Mut'assif' followed by 'Samihni' is the most powerful combination. This linguistic range is what makes Arabic such an expressive and socially nuanced language.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The word 'Asif' (the simpler form of mut'assif) is actually a name in some cultures, though in Arabic it remains primarily an adjective of regret.

发音指南

UK /mu.ta.ʔas.sif/

US /mu.tæ.ʔæ.sɪf/

The primary stress is on the second syllable '-ta-' and the third syllable '-as-'.

押韵词

Mutakallif (Pretentious) Mutathaqqif (Educated) Mutasallif (Ancestor-related) Mutawaqqif (Stopped) Mutasharrif (Honored) Mutakayyif (Adapted) Mutasallif (Borrowing) Mutalattif (Being kind)

常见错误

Skipping the hamza (glottal stop) and saying 'mutassif'.
Not doubling the 's' (shadda), which changes the weight of the word.
Pronouncing the final 'f' as a 'v'.
Stressing the first syllable 'mu-' too heavily.
Mispronouncing the 'u' as 'oo' like in 'moon'.

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Easy to recognize once the root is known.

写作 3/5

Requires remembering the hamza and the shadda.

口语 2/5

Simple to say, but requires gender agreement.

听力 2/5

Clearly audible in most conversations.

接下来学什么

前置知识

أنا هو هي على جداً

接下来学习

أعتذر ندم سامح عفواً مشكلة

高级

تأسف أسف آسف اعتذار توبة

需要掌握的语法

Adjective-Noun Agreement

الرجل المتأسف (The sorry man) vs المرأة المتأسفة (The sorry woman).

Active Participle (Ism Fa'il)

Mut'assif follows the pattern of Form V (Mutafa''il).

Prepositional Linkage

Most apologies use 'ala' (على) to connect to the cause.

Sentence Structure

In a nominal sentence (Jumla Ismiya), it acts as the Khabar (Predicate).

Negation

Use 'Lastu' (I am not) for formal negation: Lastu mut'assifa.

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按水平分级的例句

أنا متأسف.

I am sorry (male).

First person singular masculine.

أنا متأسفة.

I am sorry (female).

The 'ta marbuta' (ة) makes it feminine.

أنا متأسف جداً.

I am very sorry.

'Jiddan' means 'very' and comes after the adjective.

هل أنت متأسف؟

Are you sorry?

Question form using 'hal'.

هو متأسف.

He is sorry.

Third person singular masculine.

هي متأسفة.

She is sorry.

Third person singular feminine.

نحن متأسفون.

We are sorry.

Masculine plural form.

أنا متأسف، لا أفهم.

I am sorry, I don't understand.

Common classroom phrase.

أنا متأسف على التأخير.

I am sorry for the delay.

Preposition 'ala' (on/for) followed by the noun.

متأسفة على كسر الكوب.

Sorry for breaking the cup.

Feminine form with preposition.

نحن متأسفون على الإزعاج.

We are sorry for the disturbance.

Plural form used in a formal/semi-formal apology.

أنا متأسف، ليس عندي وقت.

I am sorry, I don't have time.

Using 'mut'assif' to soften a refusal.

هل أنت متأسف على ما قلت؟

Are you sorry for what you said?

Using 'ma' as a relative pronoun (what/that which).

أنا متأسف، المطعم مغلق.

I am sorry, the restaurant is closed.

Professional usage in service.

هي متأسفة لأنها نسيت الكتاب.

She is sorry because she forgot the book.

'Li-annaha' means 'because she'.

أنا متأسف، هذا ليس خطئي.

I am sorry, this is not my fault.

Combining apology with a clarification.

أنا متأسف حقاً لسماع هذا الخبر الحزين.

I am truly sorry to hear this sad news.

Expressing sympathy rather than an apology.

يبدو المدير متأسفاً على قراره الأخير.

The manager seems sorry about his recent decision.

Adjective in the accusative case after 'yabdu'.

كنت متأسفاً لأنني لم أستطع مساعدتك.

I was sorry that I couldn't help you.

Past tense using 'kuntu'.

نحن متأسفون جداً على سوء التفاهم هذا.

We are very sorry for this misunderstanding.

'Su' al-tafahum' is a common collocation.

أنا متأسف، هل يمكنك تكرار ما قلت؟

I am sorry, can you repeat what you said?

Polite request for repetition.

لماذا تبدو متأسفاً هكذا؟

Why do you look so sorry like that?

Using 'hakadha' for emphasis.

أنا متأسف لأني أزعجتك في هذا الوقت المتأخر.

I am sorry for disturbing you at this late hour.

Apologizing for timing.

هي ليست متأسفة على أي شيء فعلته.

She is not sorry for anything she did.

Negation using 'laysat'.

أعرب المتحدث عن كونه متأسفاً للضحايا.

The spokesperson expressed being sorry for the victims.

Formal reporting of feelings.

رغم أنه كان متأسفاً، إلا أنه لم يعتذر رسمياً.

Although he was sorry, he did not apologize officially.

Contrastive structure 'raghma... illa'.

أنا متأسف لأن الظروف لم تسمح لنا باللقاء.

I am sorry that circumstances did not allow us to meet.

Attributing the reason to 'circumstances'.

ظهرت علامات الندم عليه، وكان متأسفاً بشدة.

Signs of remorse appeared on him, and he was deeply sorry.

Using 'bi-shidda' for deep intensity.

نحن متأسفون لعدم تلبية توقعاتكم العالية.

We are sorry for not meeting your high expectations.

Formal business apology.

هل تعتقد أنه متأسف حقاً أم أنه يتظاهر فقط؟

Do you think he is truly sorry or is he just pretending?

Question about sincerity.

كانت نبرة صوته متأسفة وصادقة للغاية.

His tone of voice was apologetic and very sincere.

Describing a 'nabra' (tone).

أنا متأسف، ولكن يجب عليّ أن أخالفك الرأي.

I am sorry, but I must disagree with you.

Using apology to cushion a disagreement.

جاء خطابه مشحوناً بعبارات متأسفة تعكس عمق الأزمة.

His speech came charged with apologetic phrases reflecting the depth of the crisis.

Advanced vocabulary like 'mushunan' (charged).

إن الفرد المتأسف هو من يدرك حجم الضرر الذي ألحقه بالآخرين.

The regretful individual is the one who realizes the extent of the harm they caused others.

Philosophical definition of the word.

بقلب متأسف، أكتب هذه الكلمات لوداعكم.

With a heavy/regretful heart, I write these words to bid you farewell.

Literary and emotional usage.

لم يكن متأسفاً فحسب، بل كان عازماً على إصلاح ما انكسر.

He wasn't just sorry; he was determined to fix what was broken.

Structure 'lam yakun... fahasb, bal'.

تجنب استخدام كلمة 'متأسف' في المواقف التي تتطلب حزماً قانونياً.

Avoid using the word 'sorry' in situations that require legal firmness.

Pragmatic advice on word choice.

كانت النظرة المتأسفة في عينيها كافية لإنهاء الخلاف.

The apologetic look in her eyes was enough to end the dispute.

Adjective describing a look/glance.

لا يزال التاريخ يذكر القادة الذين كانوا متأسفين على أخطاء الماضي.

History still remembers the leaders who were regretful about the mistakes of the past.

Historical/Abstract context.

أنا متأسف لأنني لم أدرك قيمة الوقت إلا متأخراً.

I am sorry that I didn't realize the value of time until late.

Reflective/Existential regret.

إن صيرورة المرء متأسفاً تقتضي شجاعة أخلاقية نادرة في هذا العصر.

A person's becoming regretful requires a moral courage rare in this era.

Using the 'sayrura' (becoming) of the state.

تتجلى الروح المتأسفة في الأدب العربي كرمز للتطهر النفسي.

The regretful spirit manifests in Arabic literature as a symbol of psychological purification.

Academic literary analysis.

لا يمكن للمرء أن يكون متأسفاً بصدق دون الاعتراف بالمسؤولية الكاملة.

One cannot be sincerely sorry without acknowledging full responsibility.

Logical conditional statement.

في ثنايا كلماته المتأسفة، لمستُ رغبة دفينة في العودة إلى الأصول.

In the folds of his regretful words, I felt a deep-seated desire to return to origins.

Complex metaphorical language.

يعد الموقف المتأسف من الركائز الأساسية في بناء جسور الثقة بين الشعوب.

The apologetic stance is one of the basic pillars in building bridges of trust between peoples.

Sociopolitical context.

كانت القصيدة تنضح بمشاعر متأسفة على ضياع الأندلس.

The poem was oozing with regretful feelings over the loss of Andalusia.

Specific historical reference.

إن كونك متأسفاً لا يعني بالضرورة أنك مخطئ، بل يعني أنك تقدر العلاقة.

Being sorry doesn't necessarily mean you are wrong; it means you value the relationship.

Nuanced interpersonal philosophy.

لقد صاغ اعتذاره بعبارات متأسفة غاية في الدقة والجمال اللغوي.

He crafted his apology in regretful phrases of utmost precision and linguistic beauty.

Describing linguistic craftsmanship.

常见搭配

متأسف جداً

متأسف على التأخير

متأسف على الإزعاج

متأسف على الخطأ

متأسف لسماع ذلك

يبدو متأسفاً

صوت متأسف

متأسف بالنيابة عن

غير متأسف

متأسف على ما حدث

常用短语

أنا متأسف، لم أقصد ذلك.

— Used to clarify that an action was unintentional.

أنا متأسف، لم أقصد كسر الكرسي.

متأسف، هل يمكنك مساعدتي؟

— A polite way to start a request for help.

متأسف، هل يمكنك مساعدتي في حمل الحقيبة؟

أنا متأسف، لا أستطيع.

— A polite way to decline an offer or request.

أنا متأسف، لا أستطيع المجيء غداً.

متأسف على سوء الفهم.

— Used when a communication error occurs.

أنا متأسف على سوء الفهم الذي حدث بيننا.

نحن متأسفون لإبلاغكم...

— Standard opening for delivering bad news formally.

نحن متأسفون لإبلاغكم برفض الطلب.

أنا متأسف، نسيت تماماً.

— Apologizing for a lapse in memory.

أنا متأسف، نسيت تماماً موعد الاجتماع.

متأسف على كل شيء.

— A general, all-encompassing apology.

أنا متأسف على كل شيء فعلته لك.

أنا متأسف، هل هذا مقعدك؟

— Used in public spaces to avoid conflict.

أنا متأسف، هل هذا مقعدك أم يمكنني الجلوس؟

متأسف، كنت مشغولاً.

— Apologizing for being unavailable.

أنا متأسف، كنت مشغولاً جداً ولم أرد على هاتفي.

أنا متأسف، هذا ضد القوانين.

— Used by staff to explain why they can't do something.

أنا متأسف، هذا ضد قوانين الشركة.

容易混淆的词

متأسف vs عفواً (Afwan)

Afwan is for 'Excuse me' or 'You're welcome', not for feeling sorry.

متأسف vs آسف (Asif)

Asif is a simpler form; both are correct, but Mut'assif can feel slightly more formal.

متأسف vs نادم (Nadim)

Nadim is deep remorse for a life choice, much stronger than Mut'assif.

习语与表达

"يا أسفي على..."

— An archaic/literary way to express deep woe or grief.

يا أسفي على ضياع الفرصة!

Literary

"تجرع مرارة الأسف"

— To feel the intense bitterness of regret.

بعد فوات الأوان، تجرع مرارة الأسف.

Poetic

"لا ينفع الأسف بعد فوات الأوان"

— Similar to 'no use crying over spilled milk'.

لماذا تبكي الآن؟ لا ينفع الأسف بعد فوات الأوان.

Proverbial

"أبدى أسفه الشديد"

— To officially show great regret (common in news).

أبدى الوزير أسفه الشديد لما حدث.

Formal

"غرق في الأسف"

— To be completely overwhelmed by regret.

غرق في الأسف بعد أن خسر ماله.

Metaphorical

"كلمات متأسفة لا تسمن ولا تغني من جوع"

— Apologies that are empty or useless.

اعتذارك متأخر، وكلماتك المتأسفة لا تسمن ولا تغني من جوع.

Critical

"قلب مفعم بالأسف"

— A heart full of regret.

جاءني بقلب مفعم بالأسف.

Literary

"ذرف دموع الأسف"

— To cry tears of regret.

ذرف دموع الأسف على ما ضاع من عمره.

Poetic

"الأسف لا يصلح ما أفسده الدهر"

— Regret cannot fix what time has destroyed.

تصالحا، لكن الأسف لا يصلح ما أفسده الدهر.

Proverbial

"في حالة من الأسف"

— To be in a state of regret.

هو في حالة من الأسف منذ ذلك اليوم.

Neutral

容易混淆

متأسف vs متأسف vs معتذر

Both relate to apologizing.

Mut'assif describes the feeling (sorry), while Mu'tadhir describes the action (apologizing).

أنا متأسف (I feel sorry) vs أنا معتذر (I am making an apology).

متأسف vs متأسف vs حزين

Both involve sadness.

Hazin is just general sadness; Mut'assif is sadness specifically linked to regret.

أنا حزين لموت القطة vs أنا متأسف لأني صدمت القطة.

متأسف vs متأسف vs نادم

Both involve regret.

Mut'assif is social and situational; Nadim is existential and deep.

أنا متأسف لأني تأخرت vs أنا نادم على ترك الدراسة.

متأسف vs متأسف vs آسف

They mean the same thing.

Asif is the active participle of Form I; Mut'assif is Form V. Mut'assif is often seen as more deliberate.

Both work, but Asif is more common in Egypt.

متأسف vs متأسف vs عفواً

Both used in polite contexts.

Afwan is for 'Pardon' or 'Excuse me'; Mut'assif is for 'I'm sorry'.

عفواً، أين الحمام؟ vs متأسف، كسرت النافذة.

句型

أنا متأسف.

أنا متأسف على [الـ + اسم].

أنا متأسف على التأخير.

أنا متأسف لأني [فعل].

أنا متأسف لأني نسيت.

يبدو [اسم] متأسفاً.

يبدو الولد متأسفاً.

بقلب متأسف، [جملة].

بقلب متأسف، أودعكم.

إن كونك متأسفاً [جملة].

إن كونك متأسفاً يعكس نبل أخلاقك.

نحن متأسفون على [اسم].

نحن متأسفون على الإزعاج.

هل أنت متأسف على ما حدث؟

词族

名词

أسف Regret/Sorrow

تأسف Act of regretting

اعتذار Apology

动词

تأسف To regret/feel sorry

آسف To make someone sorry (rarely used this way)

يأسف To feel sorry (Form I)

形容词

آسف Sorry

متأسف Regretful

أسيف Very sorrowful (literary)

如何使用

frequency

Extremely high in daily spoken and written Arabic.

常见错误

Saying 'Ana mut'assif' as a woman. → Ana mut'assifa.
Adjectives must match the gender of the speaker.
Using 'mut'assif' to say 'Excuse me, where is the station?' → Afwan, ayna al-mahatta?
Mut'assif is for regret, Afwan is for getting attention.
Writing it without the hamza (متسف). → متأسف.
The hamza is a radical letter of the root A-S-F.
Using 'li' instead of 'ala' for the cause of apology. → Mut'assif ala al-khata.
Ala is the more natural preposition for the object of regret.
Using singular 'mut'assif' for a group. → Nahnu mut'assifun.
Plural subjects require plural adjectives.

小贴士

Check Gender

Always remember to add the 'ta marbuta' if you are a woman. It is the most common mistake.

Hand on Heart

Accompany your apology with a hand on your heart for maximum sincerity.

Use with 'Ala'

The preposition 'ala' is your best friend when explaining why you are sorry.

Double the 'S'

Emphasize the 'seen' sound to sound more like a native speaker.

Not for 'Excuse Me'

Use 'Afwan' to get attention, 'Mut'assif' to apologize for a mistake.

Add 'Jiddan'

Arabic speakers love emphasis. Adding 'jiddan' makes your apology sound much more heartfelt.

Soften Refusals

Use it before saying 'No' to keep the conversation polite.

Listen for 'Li-anna'

Often followed by 'li-anna' (because) to explain the reason for regret.

Spelling

Don't forget the hamza over the alif; it's part of the root A-S-F.

Egyptian Variation

If you are in Cairo, you will hear 'Asif' more, but 'Mut'assif' is still perfect.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of the word 'Assif' sounding like 'A-Stiff' penalty. You feel 'Mut-assif' (more sorry) because you want to avoid the 'stiff' penalty of a broken friendship.

视觉联想

Imagine a person standing with their hand over their heart and a slightly bowed head. This posture is the physical embodiment of being 'mut'assif' in many Arab cultures.

Word Web

Asif (Sorry) Nadim (Regretful) Hazin (Sad) Mut'assifa (Feminine) Ala (For/On) Ta'khir (Delay) Khata (Mistake) Samihni (Forgive me)

挑战

Try to use 'mut'assif' in three different scenarios today: once for a small mistake, once to decline an offer, and once to show sympathy to a friend's small problem.

词源

The word stems from the Arabic tri-literal root A-S-F (أ-س-ف). This root is ancient and appears in the earliest layers of the Arabic language, signifying intense sorrow that can lead to anger or deep grief. In the Quran, the word 'Asafa' is used to describe the profound grief of the Prophet Jacob.

原始含义： Intense sorrow or grief that consumes the heart.

Semitic (Afroasiatic)

文化背景

Be sincere. Overusing 'mut'assif' without matching facial expressions can sometimes be seen as dismissive in high-context cultures.

English speakers often use 'sorry' as a filler word. In Arabic, 'mut'assif' is slightly more weighted, so use 'Afwan' for filler 'excuse me' situations.

The Quranic verse where Jacob says 'Ya asafa 'ala Yusuf' (O my grief for Joseph). Modern Arabic pop songs often use 'Asif' or 'Mut'assif' in romantic ballads. Classic Egyptian films where the hero seeks forgiveness from the heroine.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Late for an appointment

متأسف على التأخير
الزحمة كانت شديدة
أرجو المعذرة
لن يتكرر هذا

Breaking an object

أنا متأسف، سأشتري واحداً جديداً
لم أقصد ذلك
هل أنت غاضب؟
أنا متأسفة جداً

Declining an invitation

متأسف، عندي عمل
شكراً على الدعوة ولكن...
أتمنى لكم وقتاً ممتعاً
مرة أخرى إن شاء الله

Sympathizing with bad news

أنا متأسف لسماع هذا
كان الله في عونكم
خبر حزين جداً
هل يمكنني المساعدة؟

Making a mistake at work

متأسف على هذا الخطأ
سأقوم بتصحيحه فوراً
شكراً لتنبيهي
أعتذر عن التقصير

对话开场白

"أنا متأسف، هل يمكنني أن أسألك سؤالاً؟ (Sorry, can I ask you a question?)"

"متأسف على المقاطعة، ولكن هناك مكالمة لك. (Sorry for the interruption, but there is a call for you.)"

"أنا متأسف جداً، هل تأخرت كثيراً؟ (I am very sorry, am I very late?)"

"متأسف، هل هذا المكان محجوز؟ (Sorry, is this seat reserved?)"

"أنا متأسف، لم أفهم ما قلته للتو. (I am sorry, I didn't understand what you just said.)"

日记主题

Write about a time you felt 'mut'assif' for something you said to a friend.

Describe a situation where someone was 'mut'assif' to you and how you reacted.

In your culture, is it common to be 'mut'assif' for small things? Compare it to Arabic culture.

Write a short dialogue where someone is 'mut'assif' for missing a birthday party.

Reflect on the difference between being 'mut'assif' (sorry) and 'nadim' (remorseful) in your own life.

常见问题

10 个问题

No, it is better to use 'Afwan' or 'Law Samaht'. 'Mut'assif' implies you have done something wrong.

Yes, it is widely understood and used across the Arab world, from Morocco to Iraq.

They are very similar. 'Asif' is more common in Egypt, while 'mut'assif' is very common in the Levant. 'Mut'assif' sounds slightly more formal.

You can say 'Ana mut'assif', but the cultural phrase 'Al-baqa' lillah' is more appropriate.

Yes, it becomes 'mut'assifa'.

Yes, but the verb 'A'tadhir' is more professional for formal business.

In Arab culture, failing to apologize for a mistake is seen as very rude and arrogant.

Add 'jiddan' or 'kathiran' at the end: 'Ana mut'assif jiddan'.

It is 'mut'assifun' or 'mut'assifeen'.

Yes, the glottal stop is part of the root and should be pronounced.

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