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阿拉伯语
词汇
نَفَقَات

B2 noun #3,000 最常用 9分钟阅读

نَفَقَات

nafaqat 前3,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 نَفَقَات 30秒了解

解析 نَفَقَات in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'nafaqāt' often, but it is good to recognize it. Think of it as 'money you pay'. In English, you say 'I spend money'. In Arabic, you might see this word on a bill or in a simple story about a family. It comes from the root for 'spending'. You might learn 'masrouf' (pocket money) first, but 'nafaqāt' is the bigger version of that. It is always plural when talking about many things you pay for, like food, water, and electricity. Just remember: Nafaqāt = Money going out of your pocket.

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For A2 learners, 'nafaqāt' is a useful word for talking about travel and daily life. You might use it in a sentence like 'Travel expenses are high'. It is more formal than 'masarif'. You will see it in simple news headlines or on receipts (invoices). It is important to know that the singular is 'nafaqah', but we usually use the plural 'nafaqāt' because we are talking about a group of costs. At this level, focus on the phrase 'nafaqāt al-ma'isha' which means 'cost of living'. This is a very common topic in conversations about moving to a new city.

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At the B1 level, you should start using 'nafaqāt' in your writing and speaking to sound more precise. Instead of just saying 'I spent a lot of money', you can say 'The expenses were high'. You will encounter this word in business letters, news reports about the economy, and in discussions about family responsibilities. You should also be aware of the 'Idafa' structure: 'nafaqāt' + [Noun]. For example, 'nafaqāt al-dirasa' (study expenses). You are now moving beyond basic survival Arabic into more descriptive and functional language where this word is a staple.

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At the B2 level, you are expected to understand the nuances of 'nafaqāt'. You should distinguish it from 'takalif' (costs) and 'masarif' (general spending). You should be able to use it in professional contexts, such as writing a budget report or discussing governmental fiscal policies. You will also see it in legal contexts, specifically regarding alimony or maintenance (nafaqah). At this level, you should be comfortable with the grammatical rules, such as non-human plural agreement (using feminine singular adjectives with it) and its various roles in complex sentences. It is a key term for anyone interested in Arabic media or law.

For C1 learners, 'nafaqāt' is a tool for sophisticated analysis. You will use it to discuss complex economic theories, such as 'public expenditure' (al-nafaqāt al-'amma) or 'capital outlays'. You should understand its root (n-f-q) and how it relates to other words like 'munafiq' (hypocrite—one who exits the faith) and 'nafaq' (tunnel—a place you pass through). This deep etymological understanding helps in literary analysis and high-level debate. You should also be familiar with classical usage in Fiqh (jurisprudence) and how those historical definitions influence modern family law in the Middle East.

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At the C2 level, 'nafaqāt' is a word you use with total mastery in any register. You can use it in academic papers on macroeconomics, in high-court legal arguments, or in classical literary critiques. You understand the subtle rhetorical effects of choosing 'nafaqāt' over synonyms like 'صبيب مالي' (financial flow) or 'تبعات مالية' (financial consequences). You are aware of its usage in historical texts and how the concept of 'nafaqah' has evolved socially and legally over centuries. At this level, the word is not just a vocabulary item, but a concept through which you can analyze Arab society, economy, and law.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

نَفَقَات 30秒了解

Nafaqāt means expenses or expenditures in Arabic.
It is the formal plural form of the word nafaqah.
Used in business, law (alimony), and daily budgeting.
Commonly paired with 'ma'isha' to mean cost of living.

The Arabic word نَفَقَات (nafaqāt) is a plural noun derived from the root ن-ف-ق (n-f-q). In its most basic sense, it refers to expenses, costs, or expenditures. While it sounds simple, its usage spans across various domains including household budgeting, corporate finance, and even Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh). When you talk about the money you spend on groceries, rent, and bills, you are talking about your nafaqāt. In a business context, it refers to the operational costs required to keep a company running. The word carries a sense of necessity; these are not just random purchases, but the 'outgoings' required to maintain a certain standard of living or to complete a project. Understanding this word is crucial for anyone looking to navigate the Arabic-speaking business world or to understand daily news reports regarding the economy.

Financial Context: In accounting, this term specifically refers to disbursements. It is the opposite of 'revenues' (إيرادات).

يجب علينا تقليل نَفَقَات المعيشة هذا الشهر لتوفير المال للرحلة.

The word is also deeply embedded in legal terminology. In the context of family law in many Arabic-speaking countries, nafaqah (the singular form) refers to alimony or child support—the financial maintenance one person is legally obligated to provide for another. Therefore, when you hear the plural form nafaqāt in a legal setting, it often refers to these ongoing maintenance payments. The root meaning of 'passing through' or 'being used up' gives the word a dynamic feel; it is money that is actively moving out of your pocket to serve a purpose. It is also important to distinguish it from 'price' (ثمن) or 'value' (قيمة), as nafaqāt focuses on the act of spending and the total amount spent rather than the cost of a single item.

Daily Life Usage: Commonly used when discussing the 'cost of living' (نفقات المعيشة) or 'travel expenses' (نفقات السفر).

Furthermore, the term appears frequently in governmental discourse. When a finance minister presents a budget, the nafaqāt al-dawla (state expenditures) are a primary focus. This includes spending on infrastructure, education, and healthcare. Because the word is plural, it implies a collection of various costs—salaries, maintenance, materials, and more. For a learner at the B2 level, mastering this word allows for participation in sophisticated conversations about economics, law, and personal finance. It is a 'bridge' word that moves you from simple shopping vocabulary to the world of formal Arabic (Fusha).

تجاوزت نَفَقَات المشروع الميزانية المحددة له مسبقاً.

Legal Nuance: In Islamic law, it refers to the financial support a husband must provide for his wife and children.

Using نَفَقَات correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a sound feminine plural (جمع مؤنث سالم). Even though the singular nafaqah is feminine, the plural nafaqāt is used to describe various types of financial outlays. It often appears in the 'Idafa' construction (the possessive structure), where it is followed by another noun to specify the type of expense. For example, nafaqāt al-ta'lim (educational expenses) or nafaqāt al-intaj (production costs). In these structures, nafaqāt acts as the 'Mudaf' (the first part), and its ending changes based on its position in the sentence (nominative, accusative, or genitive), though the plural ending '-āt' is relatively stable.

تتحمل الشركة جميع نَفَقَات السفر والمبيت للموظفين.

When constructing sentences, you will often use verbs like ghatta (to cover), khaffada (to reduce), or tahammala (to bear/incur). For instance, 'The government covers the expenses of the poor' would be Tughatti al-hukuma nafaqāt al-fuqara'. Notice how the word serves as the direct object (Maf'ul Bihi) here. In more academic or journalistic writing, you might see it paired with adjectives like baahiza (exorbitant) or mutazayida (increasing). This allows you to describe the nature of the costs. Using it in the plural emphasizes that there are multiple different costs involved, which is almost always the case in financial reporting.

Verb Pairing: To Bear Costs: The verb 'تحمل' (tahammala) is the most common way to say 'to bear' or 'to incur' expenses.

ارتفعت نَفَقَات الطاقة بشكل غير متوقع هذا العام.

Another important grammatical point is the agreement. Since nafaqāt is a non-human plural, adjectives that describe it are usually in the singular feminine form. For example, 'large expenses' is nafaqāt kabira, not nafaqāt kabirat. This is a common rule in Arabic grammar that learners often forget. When you are writing a report or an essay, remember that nafaqāt is treated as a feminine singular entity for the purpose of adjective and verb agreement if it is the subject of a sentence (though 'ارتفعت' in the example above is feminine singular because the subject is a non-human plural).

Adjective Agreement: Always use feminine singular adjectives: نفقات إضافية (Additional expenses).

هل يمكنك تزويدي بكشف مفصل عن نَفَقَات الرحلة؟

In the real world, you will encounter نَفَقَات in several specific environments. The most common is the news, particularly the business and economy segments. News anchors frequently discuss nafaqāt al-difa' (defense spending) or nafaqāt al-hukuma (government spending). If you are watching a channel like Al Jazeera or Al Arabiya, pay attention to segments about the national budget (الموازنة العامة); the word nafaqāt will appear dozens of times as they break down where the tax money is going. It is the standard term for official fiscal outlays.

News Context: Used to describe state budgets, fiscal deficits, and public spending reports.

أعلنت وزارة المالية عن زيادة في نَفَقَات الرعاية الصحية.

Another place is the corporate office. If you work in an Arabic-speaking environment, the accounting department will ask for your nafaqāt al-safar (travel expenses) or nafaqāt al-maktab (office expenses). It is the professional way to refer to reimbursements. In contrast, in a casual street setting, people might use the word masarif (singular: masruf), which is more colloquial and common for pocket money or small daily spending. However, as soon as the conversation turns to a formal document, a contract, or a bank statement, nafaqāt becomes the dominant term.

Corporate Context: Found in expense reports, invoices, and financial audits.

Finally, the word is central to legal proceedings. In Sharia courts or civil family courts, nafaqah is the legal term for maintenance. You might hear a lawyer say, 'The judge ordered the payment of nafaqāt for the children.' This usage is very specific and carries heavy legal weight. It involves the basic needs of food, clothing, and shelter. In this context, the word isn't just about money spent, but about a moral and legal duty to provide. Understanding this distinction helps you grasp the cultural and social fabric of Arabic-speaking societies, where family obligations are often codified in these terms.

حكم القاضي بزيادة نَفَقَات الأبناء بعد ارتفاع تكاليف المعيشة.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make is confusing نَفَقَات (nafaqāt - expenses) with the word نَفَق (nafaq - tunnel). While they share the same root (ن-ف-ق), they are completely different in meaning. A 'nafaq' is a physical passage through a mountain or underground, while 'nafaqāt' are financial costs. This mistake often happens because the root relates to 'passing through'—in one case, it's a car passing through a tunnel, and in the other, it's money 'passing through' your hands. Always check the context; if you're talking about a budget, it's expenses; if you're talking about a highway, it's a tunnel.

Confusion with 'Tunnel': Nafaq (نفق) = Tunnel. Nafaqāt (نفقات) = Expenses. Do not mix them up in writing!

Incorrect: دخلت السيارة في نفقات طويلة. (The car entered long expenses.)

Another common error is using the singular nafaqah when you should use the plural nafaqāt. In English, we often use the word 'expense' or 'cost' in the singular to represent a general concept, but in Arabic, when discussing the total amount of various costs, the plural is much more natural. If you say 'the expense of the project' as nafaqat al-mashru', it might imply one specific, single cost. Using nafaqāt al-mashru' sounds more professional and accurate because it encompasses all the different types of spending involved.

Singular vs. Plural: Use 'nafaqāt' for general costs. Use 'nafaqah' only for a specific legal maintenance payment or a single disbursement.

Lastly, learners often struggle with the preposition that follows. While in English we say 'expenses for something', in Arabic, we usually use the Idafa structure (expenses [of] something) or the preposition 'ala (on). For example, nafaqāt 'ala al-abath (spending on vanity). Using the wrong preposition like li (to/for) in certain contexts can make the sentence feel translated rather than natural. Stick to the Idafa construction whenever possible for the most authentic sound.

Correct: نَفَقَات التعليم. Incorrect: نفقات للتعليم.

Arabic has a rich vocabulary for financial terms, and نَفَقَات is just one of many. Understanding the subtle differences between them will elevate your Arabic from intermediate to advanced. The most common alternative is masarif (مصاريف). While both mean expenses, masarif is slightly less formal and is used more frequently in daily conversation and general business. You might talk about masarif al-bayt (house expenses) with your spouse, but you would see nafaqāt on a bank balance sheet.

Nafaqāt vs. Masarif: Nafaqāt (نفقات) is formal/legal/fiscal. Masarif (مصاريف) is general/daily/common.

Another related word is takalif (تكاليف). This translates to 'costs'. The difference is that takalif often refers to the burden or the effort required to produce something. For example, takalif al-intaj (production costs) focuses on what it takes to make a product. Nafaqāt, on the other hand, focuses on the actual money going out. Think of takalif as the 'cost' of doing something and nafaqāt as the 'expenditure' itself. There is also as'ar (أسعار), which means 'prices'—this is what a consumer pays for a specific item, not the total operational spending.

Nafaqāt vs. Takalif: Nafaqāt (نفقات) = Expenditures/Outlays. Takalif (تكاليف) = Costs/Burdens.

علينا موازنة التكاليف مقابل الـ نَفَقَات الفعلية.

Finally, consider the word masroufat (مصروفات). This is very close to nafaqāt and is often used interchangeably in accounting. However, nafaqāt remains the more 'literary' and 'legal' choice. In the Gulf countries, you might also hear the word kharajiyat in very informal settings for 'outgoings', but this is regional. By choosing nafaqāt, you are opting for a high-register word that is understood across all 22 Arabic-speaking countries, making it a safe and professional choice for any learner.

Summary of Terms: Nafaqāt: Formal expenditures. Masarif: Daily expenses. Takalif: Production/effort costs. Athman: Prices/values.

How Formal Is It?

正式

中性

非正式

Child friendly

俚语

趣味小知识

The word for 'hypocrite' (munafiq) comes from the same root because a hypocrite is said to 'exit' the religion through one door while entering through another, much like a tunnel (nafaq).

发音指南

UK /næfæˈqɑːt/

US /næfæˈkɑːt/

The stress is on the final syllable '-qāt'.

押韵词

علاقات (alaqat) طرقات (turuqat) طبقات (tabaqat) ورقات (waraqat) صدقات (sadaqat) حلقات (halaqat) صفقات (safaqat) دفقات (dafaqat)

常见错误

Pronouncing 'q' as 'k' (common for English speakers).
Confusing it with 'nafaq' (tunnel) by not emphasizing the plural '-āt'.
Shortening the final 'a' sound in '-āt'.
Mixing up the vowels (e.g., saying nifaqat instead of nafaqāt).
Failing to aspirate the 't' at the end.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize once you know the root, but looks like 'nafaq' (tunnel).

写作 4/5

Requires correct use of the 'Qaf' and understanding of the sound feminine plural ending.

口语 4/5

The 'Qaf' sound can be tricky for English speakers to pronounce correctly.

听力 3/5

Very common in news and formal contexts, easy to hear clearly.

接下来学什么

前置知识

مال دفع سعر شراء حساب

接下来学习

ميزانية إيرادات أرباح ضرائب قرض

高级

السياسة المالية العجز المالي التضخم الناتج المحلي الإجمالي

需要掌握的语法

Sound Feminine Plural

نَفَقَة -> نَفَقَات (Adding -āt).

Non-human Plural Agreement

نفقاتٌ كثيرةٌ (Feminine singular adjective).

Idafa Construction

نفقاتُ المشروعِ (Noun + Noun possessive).

Case Endings (I'rab)

دفعْتُ النفقاتِ (Accusative with kasra because it's sound feminine plural).

Prepositional Usage

الإنفاقُ على (Spending on).

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按水平分级的例句

هذه نفقات كثيرة.

These are many expenses.

Uses 'hadihi' (feminine singular) for non-human plural.

نفقات الطعام غالية.

Food expenses are expensive.

Idafa structure: nafaqāt + al-ta'am.

أين نفقات الرحلة؟

Where are the trip expenses?

Question form using 'ayn'.

نفقات البيت صغيرة.

The house expenses are small.

Adjective 'saghirah' is feminine singular.

أدفع نفقات المدرسة.

I pay the school expenses.

Verb 'adfa'u' (I pay) + direct object.

شكراً على نفقات السفر.

Thank you for the travel expenses.

Preposition 'ala' (for/on).

نفقات الكهرباء والماء.

Electricity and water expenses.

Compound Idafa structure.

عندي نفقات جديدة.

I have new expenses.

Adjective 'jadidah' follows the noun.

نفقات المعيشة في دبي مرتفعة.

The cost of living in Dubai is high.

Common phrase: nafaqāt al-ma'isha.

هل سجلت كل نفقاتك؟

Did you record all your expenses?

Possessive suffix '-ka' (your).

نحتاج إلى تقليل نفقاتنا.

We need to reduce our expenses.

Verb 'nahtaju' + 'ila' + masdar 'taqlil'.

نفقات العلاج غالية جداً.

Medical expenses are very expensive.

Adjective 'ghaliyah' (expensive).

هذه هي نفقات الشهر الماضي.

These are the expenses of last month.

Demonstrative 'hadihi' + 'hiya'.

كم تبلغ نفقات الدراسة؟

How much are the study expenses?

Verb 'tablughu' (reaches/amounts to).

نفقات الصيانة ضرورية.

Maintenance expenses are necessary.

Adjective 'daruriyah' (necessary).

سأدفع نفقات العشاء اليوم.

I will pay for the dinner expenses today.

Future prefix 'sa-' + verb.

يجب أن نراجع نفقات المشروع بدقة.

We must review the project expenses accurately.

Modal 'yajibu an' + subjunctive verb.

تغطي الشركة نفقات السكن للموظفين.

The company covers the housing expenses for the employees.

Verb 'tughatti' (covers).

زادت نفقات الحكومة على التعليم.

Government spending on education has increased.

Verb 'zadat' (increased) in feminine form.

لا يمكنني تحمل هذه النفقات الإضافية.

I cannot bear these additional expenses.

Verb 'tahammul' (bearing/incurring).

نفقات الزواج قد تكون باهظة.

Marriage expenses can be exorbitant.

Adjective 'baahiza' (exorbitant).

قدم الموظف تقريراً عن نفقاته.

The employee submitted a report of his expenses.

Possessive suffix '-hu' (his).

نفقات النقل تستهلك جزءاً كبيراً من الراتب.

Transport expenses consume a large part of the salary.

Verb 'tastahliku' (consumes).

تم توزيع الميزانية على مختلف النفقات.

The budget was distributed among various expenses.

Passive verb 'tumma tawzi'u'.

تسعى الدولة لترشيد نفقاتها العامة.

The state seeks to rationalize its public expenditures.

Term 'tarshid' (rationalization/optimization).

ارتفعت نفقات التشغيل بسبب زيادة أسعار الوقود.

Operating expenses rose due to the increase in fuel prices.

Term 'nafaqāt al-tashghil' (OPEX).

يتم خصم نفقات الشحن من إجمالي الربح.

Shipping expenses are deducted from the gross profit.

Term 'khasm' (deduction).

تعتبر نفقات البحث والتطوير استثماراً طويل الأمد.

Research and development expenses are considered a long-term investment.

Term 'al-bahth wa al-tatwir' (R&D).

حكمت المحكمة بنفقة شهرية للأطفال.

The court ruled a monthly maintenance for the children.

Legal use of singular 'nafaqah'.

يجب فصل النفقات الشخصية عن نفقات العمل.

Personal expenses must be separated from business expenses.

Verb 'fasl' (separation).

تجاوزت نفقات الحفل الميزانية المرصودة.

The party expenses exceeded the allocated budget.

Verb 'tajawazat' (exceeded).

هل تشمل هذه الرسوم نفقات التأمين؟

Do these fees include insurance expenses?

Verb 'tashmalu' (includes).

تؤدي زيادة النفقات العسكرية إلى عجز في الموازنة.

Increasing military expenditures leads to a budget deficit.

Economic term 'ajz al-muwazana' (budget deficit).

ثمة تباين كبير في نفقات الاستهلاك بين الطبقات الاجتماعية.

There is a great disparity in consumption expenditures between social classes.

Sophisticated word 'tabayun' (disparity).

تخضع نفقات التمثيل لرقابة مالية صارمة.

Representation expenses are subject to strict financial oversight.

Term 'nafaqāt al-tamthil' (entertainment/representation costs).

تعتبر نفقات الرأسمالية حجر الزاوية في النمو الاقتصادي.

Capital expenditures are considered the cornerstone of economic growth.

Term 'nafaqāt ra'smaliyah' (CAPEX).

تم تقليص نفقات الإدارة بنسبة عشرة بالمئة.

Administrative expenses were reduced by ten percent.

Passive structure 'tumma taqlis'.

تنعكس نفقات التسويق مباشرة على حجم المبيعات.

Marketing expenses are directly reflected in the volume of sales.

Verb 'tan'akisu' (is reflected).

تعتمد استدامة المشروع على التحكم في نفقاته الجارية.

The project's sustainability depends on controlling its current expenses.

Term 'nafaqāt jariya' (current/ongoing expenses).

ناقش البرلمان بنود النفقات السيادية في الدولة.

The parliament discussed the sovereign expenditure items in the state.

Political term 'nafaqāt siyadiya'.

إن تضخم النفقات البيروقراطية يعيق مسيرة التنمية المستدامة.

The inflation of bureaucratic expenditures hinders the path of sustainable development.

Complex sentence with 'Inna' for emphasis.

تتجلى الحوكمة الرشيدة في شفافية النفقات العامة.

Good governance is manifested in the transparency of public expenditures.

Abstract term 'tatajalla' (is manifested).

يجب تحليل نفقات الفرصة البديلة قبل اتخاذ القرار الاستثماري.

Opportunity cost expenditures must be analyzed before making an investment decision.

Economic concept 'nafaqat al-fursa al-badila'.

تثير النفقات غير المنظورة تساؤلات حول نزاهة الإدارة.

Unforeseen expenses raise questions about the integrity of the management.

Term 'nafaqāt ghayr manzura' (hidden/unforeseen expenses).

ارتبط مفهوم النفقة تاريخياً بالواجبات الأخلاقية والاجتماعية.

The concept of maintenance (nafaqah) has historically been linked to moral and social duties.

Passive verb 'irtabata' (was linked).

تتطلب النفقات الاستخراجية في قطاع النفط تمويلاً ضخماً.

Extraction expenditures in the oil sector require massive financing.

Technical term 'nafaqāt istikhrajiyah'.

يعد الحد من النفقات الهامشية استراتيجية فعالة لزيادة الربحية.

Limiting marginal expenses is an effective strategy to increase profitability.

Term 'nafaqāt hamishiyah' (marginal expenses).

تتفاوت النفقات التشغيلية للمصانع حسب التكنولوجيا المستخدمة.

The operational expenditures of factories vary according to the technology used.

Verb 'tatafawat' (vary/fluctuate).

近义词

مصاريف تكاليف أعباء إنفاق

反义词

إيرادات أرباح مدخرات

常见搭配

نفقات المعيشة

نفقات السفر

نفقات عامة

نفقات إضافية

نفقات التشغيل

نفقات رأسمالية

نفقات إدارية

نفقات الدراسة

نفقات شخصية

نفقات عسكرية

常用短语

على نفقته الخاصة

— At his own expense; paying for it himself.

سافر الطبيب للمؤتمر على نفقته الخاصة.

على نفقة الدولة

— At the state's expense; free of charge for the individual.

يتعالج المرضى على نفقة الدولة.

تغطية النفقات

— To cover the expenses; to pay for all costs.

الميزانية لا تكفي لتغطية النفقات.

ترشيد النفقات

— Rationalizing/optimizing expenses; spending wisely.

نحتاج إلى ترشيد النفقات في الشركة.

تقليص النفقات

— Cutting or reducing expenses.

قرر المدير تقليص النفقات الإضافية.

نفقات غير منظورة

— Hidden or unforeseen expenses.

واجهنا نفقات غير منظورة أثناء البناء.

كشف النفقات

— Expense report or statement of costs.

يرجى تقديم كشف النفقات قبل نهاية الأسبوع.

نفقات جارية

— Current or ongoing expenses (OPEX).

النفقات الجارية تشمل الرواتب والإيجار.

نفقات ضرورية

— Essential or necessary expenses.

نركز فقط على النفقات الضرورية الآن.

تحمل النفقات

— To bear or incur the costs.

من سيتحمل نفقات إصلاح السيارة؟

容易混淆的词

نَفَقَات vs نفق (Nafaq)

Means 'tunnel'. Sounds similar but refers to a physical structure.

نَفَقَات vs نفاق (Nifaq)

Means 'hypocrisy'. Same root, but very different meaning.

نَفَقَات vs نفقة (Nafaqah)

The singular form, often specifically used for alimony/maintenance.

习语与表达

"أنفق ما في الجيب يأتيك ما في الغيب"

— Spend what you have in your pocket, and what is in the unseen (future) will come to you. Encourages generosity.

لا تخف من الفقر، أنفق ما في الجيب يأتيك ما في الغيب.

Proverb/Informal

"على حساب فلان"

— At someone's expense (literally or figuratively).

أكلنا في المطعم على حساب المدير.

Informal

"أكل الأخضر واليابس"

— To consume everything (expenses that wipe out all savings).

نفقات الحرب أكلت الأخضر واليابس.

Literary/Idiomatic

"كسر الظهر"

— Back-breaking (referring to very high expenses).

نفقات الجامعة تكسر الظهر.

Slang/Informal

"مد رجليك على قد لحافك"

— Stretch your legs according to the length of your quilt. (Don't spend more than you have).

يجب أن تكون نفقاتنا معتدلة، مد رجليك على قد لحافك.

Proverb

"في مهب الريح"

— In the wind (money spent uselessly).

ذهبت نفقات الدعاية في مهب الريح.

Literary

"حبر على ورق"

— Ink on paper (budgeted expenses that never actually happened).

وعود تقليل النفقات كانت حبراً على ورق.

Neutral

"فتح بيت"

— Opening a house (starting to incur household expenses).

الزواج يعني فتح بيت ونفقات جديدة.

Informal

"وضع النقاط على الحروف"

— Putting dots on the letters (clarifying all expenses exactly).

يجب وضع النقاط على الحروف في كشف النفقات.

Neutral

"أهدر المال"

— To waste money (reckless expenses).

أهدر نفقاته على أشياء تافهة.

Formal

容易混淆

نَفَقَات vs نفق

Phonetically similar.

Nafaq is a tunnel; Nafaqāt are expenses. Context usually makes it clear.

دخل القطار في النفق.

نَفَقَات vs مصاريف

Synonyms.

Masarif is more casual; Nafaqāt is more formal and used in legal/fiscal contexts.

عندي مصاريف كثيرة اليوم.

نَفَقَات vs تكاليف

Both relate to money spent.

Takalif focuses on the cost of production; Nafaqāt focuses on the act of spending/outlay.

تكاليف البناء زادت.

نَفَقَات vs أثمان

Relates to cost.

Athman are the prices of specific goods; Nafaqāt are general expenditures.

أثمان الخضار مرتفعة.

نَفَقَات vs ميزانية

Related field.

Mizaniya is the 'budget' (the plan); Nafaqāt are the 'expenses' (the actual spending).

الميزانية تحدد النفقات.

句型

نفقات الـ [Noun] [Adjective].

نفقات السفر غالية.

يجب [Verb] نفقات الـ [Noun].

يجب تقليل نفقات البيت.

تتحمل الـ [Noun] نفقات الـ [Noun].

تتحمل الشركة نفقات العلاج.

أدت زيادة الـ [Noun] إلى ارتفاع نفقات الـ [Noun].

أدت زيادة الأسعار إلى ارتفاع نفقات المعيشة.

تتجلى [Noun] في ترشيد نفقات الـ [Noun].

تتجلى الحوكمة في ترشيد نفقات الدولة.

هل تشمل الـ [Noun] نفقات الـ [Noun]؟

هل تشمل الرحلة نفقات الطعام؟

على [Noun] دفع نفقات الـ [Noun].

على الأب دفع نفقات الأبناء.

تخضع نفقات الـ [Noun] لـ [Noun].

تخضع نفقات التمثيل لرقابة مالية.

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

High in news, business, and law; medium in daily street talk.

常见错误

Using 'nafaq' for expenses. → نفقات
Nafaq means tunnel. Nafaqāt means expenses.
Saying 'nafaqāt kabir' (masculine adjective). → نفقات كبيرة
Non-human plurals take feminine singular adjectives.
Using 'li' instead of Idafa. → نفقات السفر
Idafa (Expenses of travel) is more natural than 'expenses for travel'.
Confusing with 'nifaq' (hypocrisy). → نفقات
Check the vowels! Nifaq is hypocrisy; Nafaqāt is expenses.
Using singular 'nafaqah' for general costs. → نفقات
Plural is standard for a group of various expenses.

小贴士

Agreement

Always pair 'nafaqāt' with feminine singular adjectives. For example, 'nafaqāt mutazayida' (increasing expenses).

Idafa Power

Use the Idafa structure to specify expenses. Just add the noun after 'nafaqāt'. 'Nafaqāt al-safar', 'Nafaqāt al-akl', etc.

Business Arabic

In a job interview or professional meeting, use 'nafaqāt' to sound more educated and precise.

Maintenance

Remember that in a legal context, 'nafaqah' is a specific financial obligation, not just a random cost.

The Qaf

Don't be lazy with the 'Qaf'. It should be a deep, sharp sound from the back of the throat.

Spelling

Make sure to include the 'Ta Marbuta' in the singular 'nafaqah' and the 'Open Ta' in the plural 'nafaqāt'.

News Keywords

When you hear 'nafaqāt' in the news, listen for the words 'ajz' (deficit) or 'muwazana' (budget).

The Tunnel

Link 'nafaqāt' to 'nafaq' (tunnel). Money goes into the tunnel and disappears!

Regional Use

While 'masarif' varies by dialect, 'nafaqāt' is your universal key across the Arab world.

Variety

Mix 'nafaqāt' with 'takalif' and 'masroufat' in long essays to avoid repetition.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a 'Nafaq' (Tunnel). Your money is a car driving into the tunnel. Once it goes in, it's spent. Those are your 'Nafaqāt'.

视觉联想

Visualize a wallet with a hole in the bottom where coins are falling out into different buckets labeled 'Rent', 'Food', and 'Travel'. Each bucket is a 'nafaqah', and together they are 'nafaqāt'.

Word Web

Money Outgoings Costs Spending Alimony Budget Accounting Payment

挑战

Write down your three biggest 'nafaqāt' from last month in Arabic using the Idafa structure (e.g., نفقات الإيجار).

词源

From the Arabic root ن-ف-ق (n-f-q), which primarily means to pass through, to be used up, or to exit.

原始含义： The root originally referred to something passing through a hole or a tunnel. In a financial context, it evolved to mean money 'passing through' one's hands or being 'used up'.

Semitic (Arabic).

文化背景

Be careful when discussing 'nafaqah' in a legal context; it can be a sensitive topic related to divorce and family disputes.

In English, 'expenses' is a broad term. In Arabic, 'nafaqāt' sounds slightly more formal/official than the English equivalent in casual speech.

The Quran mentions 'Infaq' (spending) frequently as a virtue. Modern Arabic news reports on 'Nafaqāt al-Difa' (Defense spending) in the Middle East. Legal codes in Egypt, Jordan, and the UAE regarding 'Nafaqah'.

在生活中练习

真实语境

At the Office

أين كشف النفقات؟
الشركة ستدفع نفقات السفر.
نحتاج لتقليل نفقات المكتب.
هذه نفقات غير مقبولة.

In Court

حكم القاضي بالنفقة.
كم تبلغ نفقة الأطفال؟
تأخر في دفع النفقة.
رفع دعوى زيادة نفقة.

Traveling

نفقات السفر باهظة.
هل تشمل التذكرة نفقات الطعام؟
أريد تقليل نفقات الرحلة.
نفقات الفندق مدفوعة.

Personal Finance

نفقات المعيشة تزداد.
أحاول تنظيم نفقاتي.
ما هي أكبر نفقاتك؟
نفقات الكهرباء عالية.

Economics News

زيادة النفقات العامة.
عجز بسبب كثرة النفقات.
ترشيد نفقات الدولة.
نفقات الدفاع ترتفع.

对话开场白

"كيف تتعامل مع زيادة نفقات المعيشة في مدينتك؟"

"هل تعتقد أن نفقات التعليم يجب أن تكون مجانية بالكامل؟"

"ما هي أكبر نفقاتك الشهرية عادة؟"

"كيف يمكن للشركات تقليل نفقات التشغيل دون طرد الموظفين؟"

"هل تفضل دفع نفقات السفر بنفسك أم عن طريق الشركة؟"

日记主题

اكتب عن تجربتك في إدارة نفقاتك الشخصية خلال الشهر الماضي.

هل تعتقد أن نفقات الزواج في مجتمعك مبالغ فيها؟ ولماذا؟

تخيل أنك وزير المالية، كيف ستقوم بترشيد نفقات الدولة؟

قارن بين نفقات المعيشة في بلدك وبلد آخر زرته.

اكتب رسالة إلى مديرك تطلب فيها تغطية نفقات دورة تدريبية.

常见问题

10 个问题

The singular is نَفَقَة (nafaqah). While it can mean a single expense, it is most commonly used in legal contexts to mean 'maintenance' or 'alimony'.

It sounds a bit too formal for pocket money. For that, it's better to use 'masrouf' (مصروف).

Yes, it is understood everywhere because it is a standard Fusha word. However, in daily life, people might use local variations like 'masarif'.

The standard phrase is 'نفقات المعيشة' (nafaqāt al-ma'isha).

Yes, in modern usage, it almost exclusively refers to financial outlays.

The verb is 'أنفق' (anfaqa). For example: 'أنفق المال' (He spent the money).

They are very similar. 'Masroufat' is common in accounting, while 'nafaqāt' is more common in law and general economic news.

You say 'على نفقتي الخاصة' (ala nafaqati al-khassa).

It is a feminine plural. Adjectives describing it should be feminine singular (e.g., نفقات كبيرة).

Because a hypocrite 'exits' the faith through a hidden path, similar to how money 'exits' the pocket or a person 'exits' through a tunnel (nafaq).

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