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وَاجِب

A2 noun #1,200 最常用 15分钟阅读

وَاجِب

wajib 前1,200

At the A1 level, learners encounter the word وَاجِب (wajib) almost exclusively in the context of the classroom and daily school routines. It is introduced as the direct translation for 'homework.' Beginners learn to recognize the word when the teacher asks for assignments or when expressing that they have work to do at home. The focus is on simple, declarative sentences. Learners at this stage are taught basic vocabulary related to school, such as book (kitab), pen (qalam), and teacher (mu'allim), and 'wajib' fits perfectly into this semantic field. They learn to say 'I have homework' (indi wajib) and 'I don't have homework' (ma indi wajib). The grammatical structures are kept very simple, usually involving the preposition 'inda' (to have/with) or basic present tense verbs. There is no need at this level to delve into the plural forms or the deeper cultural meanings of duty. The goal is purely functional: enabling the student to survive and communicate basic needs and statuses in an educational environment. Teachers will often use the word with simple imperatives, like 'Write the homework' (Uktub al-wajib). By mastering this word early on, A1 learners build a foundation for discussing their daily schedules and academic responsibilities, which is a common topic in beginner language courses.

At the A2 level, the usage of وَاجِب (wajib) expands slightly as learners begin to construct more complex sentences and discuss their routines in greater detail. While the primary meaning remains 'homework,' learners are introduced to the plural form, وَاجِبَات (wajibat), allowing them to express having multiple assignments across different subjects. They start using a wider variety of verbs with the word, moving beyond simple possession ('I have') to actions like 'I am writing' (aktubu), 'I finished' (anhaytu), or 'I forgot' (nasitu). This allows for more dynamic conversations about school life. For example, an A2 learner can explain why they cannot go out to play: 'I cannot go out because I have a lot of homework' (La astati' an akhruj li'anna indi wajibat kathira). Furthermore, learners at this stage might begin to encounter the word in simple phrases related to polite social interactions, such as the common response to 'thank you': 'La shukr ala wajib' (No thanks needed for a duty). This introduces the first subtle hint that 'wajib' means more than just schoolwork, planting the seed for the broader concept of 'duty' that will be explored in higher CEFR levels. The focus remains on practical, everyday communication, but with increased grammatical accuracy and vocabulary integration.

At the B1 level, learners experience a significant shift in how they understand and use وَاجِب (wajib). While they continue to use it for 'homework' in educational contexts, they are now formally introduced to its broader meaning of 'duty' or 'obligation.' This opens up entirely new conversational topics, such as civic responsibilities, moral duties, and social expectations. Learners can now discuss abstract concepts, stating opinions on what citizens 'must' do for their country (wajib watani) or what individuals owe to their families. Grammatically, they learn to use the word in more complex structures, particularly with the preposition 'ala' (upon) to indicate who holds the obligation: 'It is a duty upon us to protect the environment' (Min al-wajib alayna an nahmi al-bi'a). They also begin to distinguish 'wajib' from related words like 'mas'uliyya' (responsibility) and 'muhimma' (task), allowing for more precise expression. In reading and listening exercises, B1 learners will encounter 'wajib' in news articles, opinion pieces, and formal speeches, moving beyond the simple dialogues of the A1 and A2 levels. This level marks the transition from using the word purely for personal, immediate needs to using it to engage with broader societal and cultural themes.

At the B2 level, the learner's command of وَاجِب (wajib) becomes highly nuanced and culturally informed. They are expected to use the word fluently in both its literal (homework) and abstract (duty) senses, effortlessly switching between the two based on context. B2 learners delve into the cultural weight of the word, understanding concepts like 'wajib al-aza' (the duty of offering condolences) and the social repercussions of failing to perform such duties. They can engage in debates and discussions about ethical dilemmas, arguing whether a certain action is a 'wajib' or merely a choice. Grammatically, they master complex sentence structures, including conditional clauses and passive voice, incorporating 'wajib' seamlessly. For instance, they might write essays on the 'duties and rights' (al-wajibat wa al-huquq) of citizens in a modern state. Furthermore, they become comfortable with the verbal forms derived from the same root, such as 'yajibu' (must) and 'awjaba' (to compel/necessitate), understanding the morphological connections that enrich Arabic vocabulary. At this stage, the word is a tool for sophisticated argumentation, cultural participation, and advanced comprehension of authentic Arabic media, literature, and social discourse.

At the C1 level, learners possess a near-native grasp of وَاجِب (wajib) and its myriad applications. They are capable of understanding and producing highly formal, academic, and literary Arabic where the word is used to discuss complex philosophical, legal, and religious concepts. In Islamic jurisprudence (Fiqh), they understand the specific technical definition of 'wajib' as a category of mandated action, distinguishing it from 'fard' (absolute obligation), 'mandub' (recommended), and 'mubah' (permissible). They can read classical texts, legal documents, and advanced political analyses where 'wajib' is used to articulate the foundational obligations of individuals and states. C1 learners are also adept at using idiomatic expressions and rhetorical devices involving the word. They can write persuasive essays and deliver speeches that appeal to the audience's sense of 'wajib,' using the word to evoke patriotism, morality, or religious devotion. Their vocabulary includes highly specialized collocations, such as 'al-wajib al-akhlaqi' (moral duty) or 'al-wajib al-dasturi' (constitutional duty). At this level, any errors in using 'wajib' are no longer grammatical but rather subtle stylistic or contextual missteps, which the learner is usually able to self-correct.

At the C2 level, the mastery of وَاجِب (wajib) is absolute, reflecting a deep, intuitive, and scholarly understanding of the Arabic language. C2 learners can deconstruct the etymology of the root W-J-B, tracing its historical evolution from its original meaning of 'to fall' or 'to be established' to its current abstract meanings of duty and necessity. They can analyze how different Arab authors, poets, and scholars have used the word throughout history to shape cultural and religious thought. In discourse, they use 'wajib' with the precision of a native intellectual, employing it in complex legal arguments, philosophical treatises, or literary critiques. They are fully aware of dialectal variations, knowing exactly when to use 'wajib' versus 'wadhifa' in Levantine contexts, or how the pronunciation shifts in different regions, and they can adapt their own speech accordingly. They can play with the word's dual meanings (homework vs. sacred duty) for rhetorical effect or irony in creative writing. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'wajib' is not just a vocabulary item to be learned; it is a conceptual tool that the learner wields to interact with the deepest layers of Arab heritage, thought, and identity.

开始练习例句笔记与提示

وَاجِب 30秒了解

Homework or school assignment.
A moral, national, or religious duty.
Derived from the root meaning 'to be necessary'.
Plural form is 'wajibat' (وَاجِبَات).

The Arabic word وَاجِب (wajib) is one of the most fundamental and versatile terms in the Arabic language, carrying significant weight in both everyday conversations and formal discourse. At its core, the word translates to 'duty,' 'obligation,' or 'requirement.' However, for students and learners of Arabic, its most immediate and practical translation is 'homework' or 'school assignment.' Understanding the dual nature of this word—balancing the mundane task of schoolwork with the profound concept of moral or national duty—is essential for achieving fluency and cultural competence in Arabic. When a teacher in an Arabic-speaking classroom assigns tasks for students to complete at home, they will universally refer to these tasks as وَاجِب (wajib) or the plural وَاجِبَات (wajibat). This usage highlights the cultural perspective that education and learning are not merely optional activities but are, in fact, duties that a student owes to themselves, their family, and their society. The concept of homework as a 'duty' instills a sense of responsibility from a young age.

هَلْ أَنْهَيْتَ وَاجِب الرِّيَاضِيَّاتِ؟ (Did you finish the math homework?)

Beyond the classroom, the word permeates adult life in various forms. It is used to describe civic duties, such as voting or paying taxes, which are often referred to as وَاجِب وَطَنِيّ (wajib watani), meaning 'national duty.' It also extends into the realm of social etiquette and familial obligations. For instance, attending a funeral, visiting a sick relative, or congratulating a friend on their marriage are all considered social duties, often summarized by the phrase أَدَاءُ الوَاجِب (ada' al-wajib), which means 'performing one's duty.'

Educational Context: In schools, it strictly means homework. Teachers will ask for 'al-wajib' every morning.

The religious context of the word is also inescapable. In Islamic jurisprudence, 'wajib' refers to an obligatory act, the omission of which is considered a sin, while its performance is rewarded. This religious undertone gives the word a sense of gravity and absolute necessity. Therefore, when an Arab speaker uses the word 'wajib,' even in a secular context like homework, it carries a subtle echo of this absolute necessity.

الدِّفَاعُ عَنِ الوَطَنِ وَاجِب مُقَدَّسٌ. (Defending the homeland is a sacred duty.)

Social Context: Used to describe social obligations like attending weddings or funerals, often called 'wajib ijtima'i'.

To truly master this word, one must recognize the situations in which it is deployed. A parent might scold a child for neglecting their 'wajib,' emphasizing not just the academic failure, but the failure to fulfill a fundamental responsibility. A politician might rally citizens by appealing to their 'wajib' towards the nation. A friend might decline an invitation to a party because they have a 'wajib' to attend to a sick family member. In all these scenarios, the underlying thread is the same: a task or action that is not optional, but required by an external or internal authority.

لَدَيَّ الكَثِيرُ مِنَ الـ وَاجِبَات اليَوْمَ. (I have a lot of homework today.)

Religious Context: In Islamic law, it denotes a mandatory action, similar to 'fard', though some schools of thought differentiate between the two.

مِنَ الـ وَاجِب عَلَيْنَا مُسَاعَدَةُ الفُقَرَاءِ. (It is our duty to help the poor.)

نَسِيتُ دَفْتَرَ الـ وَاجِب فِي المَنْزِلِ. (I forgot my homework notebook at home.)

Understanding these layers of meaning transforms 'wajib' from a simple vocabulary word into a window into Arab culture, where duty, education, and social cohesion are deeply intertwined and highly valued. Whether you are a student talking about your math problems or a diplomat discussing international obligations, 'wajib' is the word you will rely on.

Using the word وَاجِب (wajib) correctly in Arabic sentences requires an understanding of its grammatical properties, its common collocations, and the specific verbs that typically accompany it. Grammatically, وَاجِب is a masculine noun. Its plural form is a regular feminine plural, وَاجِبَات (wajibat), which is a common feature for many abstract nouns or non-human nouns in Arabic. When constructing sentences, the choice of verb is crucial. In English, we say 'do homework,' but in Arabic, the literal translation 'af'al wajib' (أفعل واجب) is less common and sounds somewhat unnatural. Instead, native speakers use verbs that convey writing, completing, or performing. The most common verb used with homework is كَتَبَ (kataba - to write) or عَمِلَ (amila - to do/work).

أَنَا أَكْتُبُ وَاجِبِي كُلَّ مَسَاءٍ. (I write/do my homework every evening.)

Another highly sophisticated and accurate verb to use, especially in formal contexts or when referring to duties rather than just schoolwork, is أَدَّى (adda - to perform or fulfill). You will frequently hear the phrase أَدَّى وَاجِبَهُ (adda wajibahu - he performed his duty).

Verb Pairing: Kataba: Use 'kataba' (to write) when specifically referring to written school assignments. Example: Katabtu al-wajib (I wrote the homework).

When 'wajib' is used to mean 'duty' or 'obligation,' it is often followed by the preposition عَلَى (ala - upon/on). This construction expresses that a duty is incumbent upon someone. For example, 'It is a duty upon you' translates to وَاجِبٌ عَلَيْكَ (wajibun alayka). This is a very powerful and common rhetorical structure in Arabic, used in speeches, advice, and formal writing.

مِنَ الـ وَاجِب عَلَى كُلِّ مُوَاطِنٍ أَنْ يُصَوِّتَ. (It is the duty of every citizen to vote.)

Preposition Pairing: Ala: The preposition 'ala' (upon) is essential when stating who holds the obligation. 'Wajib ala al-tullab' means 'a duty upon the students.'

In educational settings, the word is often part of a compound noun phrase (Idafa structure). For example, وَاجِبٌ مَنْزِلِيٌّ (wajib manziliyy) translates literally to 'home duty,' which is the exact equivalent of 'homework.' Similarly, وَاجِبٌ مَدْرَسِيٌّ (wajib madrasiyy) means 'school duty' or 'school assignment.' These adjectives (manziliyy, madrasiyy) help clarify that the speaker is talking about schoolwork rather than a moral or national obligation.

الطَّالِبُ المُجْتَهِدُ لَا يُهْمِلُ وَاجِبَاتِهِ. (The diligent student does not neglect his homework.)

Adjective Pairing: Manziliyy: Adding 'manziliyy' (domestic/home) creates the specific term for homework, distinguishing it from general duties.

يَجِبُ أَنْ نَقُومَ بِـ وَاجِبِنَا تِجَاهَ البِيئَةِ. (We must do our duty towards the environment.)

هَذَا لَيْسَ خِيَارًا، بَلْ هُوَ وَاجِب. (This is not a choice, rather it is a duty.)

Furthermore, the word 'wajib' can function almost like an adjective or a pseudo-verb in certain syntactic structures, meaning 'it is necessary.' For example, وَاجِبٌ الذَّهَابُ (wajibun al-thahab) means 'going is necessary.' This flexibility makes it a cornerstone of Arabic syntax. Mastering these various sentence structures—whether using it as a direct object with verbs of completion, linking it with prepositions of obligation, or modifying it with adjectives of location—will significantly elevate your Arabic proficiency and allow you to express a wide range of responsibilities and tasks with native-like accuracy.

The word وَاجِب (wajib) is ubiquitous in the Arabic-speaking world, echoing through the halls of schools, the living rooms of family homes, the broadcasts of national news, and the sermons in mosques. Its frequency and versatility mean that an Arabic learner will encounter it almost daily, albeit in slightly different contexts and carrying different shades of meaning. The most immediate and frequent environment where you will hear this word is, without a doubt, the educational setting. From primary schools to universities, 'wajib' is the standard term for assignments. A teacher might walk into the classroom and immediately ask, 'Ayna al-wajib?' (Where is the homework?). Students will use it to complain about their workload, saying, 'Al-wajibat kathira jiddan!' (The homework is very much!).

يَا أَوْلَاد، لَا تَنْسَوْا حَلَّ الـ وَاجِب. (Children, do not forget to solve the homework.)

Moving from the school to the home, parents are the primary users of this word. The daily routine in many Arab households involves parents checking in on their children's academic progress. The question 'Hal amalta wajibak?' (Did you do your homework?) is a universal parental refrain. In this domestic sphere, the word bridges the gap between the school's authority and the parents' supervision, reinforcing the idea that completing schoolwork is a fundamental responsibility of the child.

The Classroom: Teachers use it to assign tasks, collect work, and evaluate student diligence. It is the most common academic noun.

Beyond education, the word takes on a more serious tone in the realm of news and politics. News anchors and politicians frequently invoke the concept of 'wajib watani' (national duty) to encourage civic participation, whether it's voting in an election, serving in the military, or contributing to the economy. In times of crisis or national celebration, the appeal to one's 'wajib' is a powerful rhetorical tool used to foster unity and collective action.

المُشَارَكَةُ فِي الِانْتِخَابَاتِ وَاجِب وَطَنِيٌّ. (Participating in the elections is a national duty.)

News and Politics: Used to describe civic responsibilities, military service, and patriotic obligations to the state.

قَامَ بِـ وَاجِبِ العَزَاءِ. (He performed the duty of offering condolences.)

Socially, the word is deeply embedded in the fabric of community interactions. In Arab culture, maintaining social ties and supporting community members during significant life events is considered a mandatory social duty. If someone passes away, attending the funeral and offering condolences is referred to as 'wajib al-aza'. Failing to perform this duty can lead to social friction or a perceived lack of respect. Similarly, attending weddings or visiting the sick are all categorized under the broad umbrella of social 'wajibat'.

Social Etiquette: Describes the unwritten rules of community support, such as attending funerals, weddings, and visiting the sick.

لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب. (Don't thank me, it was my duty.)

الصَّلَاةُ وَاجِبَةٌ عَلَى كُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ. (Prayer is obligatory upon every Muslim.)

Finally, in religious contexts, particularly within Islam, 'wajib' is a technical term in jurisprudence (Fiqh). It denotes an action that is firmly commanded by God. Hearing this word in a Friday sermon (Khutbah) or reading it in religious texts carries the ultimate weight of divine obligation. Therefore, whether you are listening to a teacher, a parent, a news anchor, a friend, or a religious leader, the word 'wajib' is a constant presence, adapting its scope but always retaining its core meaning of necessary action.

When learning the Arabic word وَاجِب (wajib), English speakers often make several predictable mistakes, primarily stemming from direct translation, misunderstanding its grammatical flexibility, or confusing it with similar but distinct Arabic terms. One of the most frequent errors occurs in the choice of verbs used alongside 'wajib' when it means 'homework.' Because English speakers say 'I make my homework' or 'I do my homework,' they often try to use the Arabic verb صَنَعَ (sana'a - to make) or فَعَلَ (fa'ala - to do). While 'fa'ala' is grammatically understandable, it sounds highly unnatural to a native ear. The correct and natural verbs to use are كَتَبَ (kataba - to write), حَلَّ (halla - to solve), or عَمِلَ (amila - to do/work). Saying 'sana'tu wajibi' (I made my homework) is a classic beginner mistake that immediately marks the speaker as a non-native.

❌ صَنَعْتُ وَاجِبِي. | ✅ كَتَبْتُ وَاجِبِي. (I did my homework.)

Another common grammatical mistake involves the pluralization of the word. English speakers are used to 'homework' being an uncountable noun; we say 'I have a lot of homework,' not 'I have a lot of homeworks.' In Arabic, however, وَاجِب is countable. If a student has assignments in math, science, and history, they must use the plural form وَاجِبَات (wajibat). A student saying 'indi wajib kathir' (I have much homework) is acceptable, but 'indi wajibat kathira' (I have many homeworks) is much more precise and commonly used when referring to multiple assignments.

Countability Error: Treating 'wajib' as an uncountable noun like the English 'homework'. In Arabic, you must use the plural 'wajibat' for multiple assignments.

Semantic confusion also arises when learners try to use 'wajib' for any type of task or job. While 'wajib' means duty, it is not the right word for a professional task, a chore, or a mission. For example, if your boss gives you a task at work, it is a مَهَمَّة (muhimma - mission/task), not a 'wajib.' If you have household chores, they are أَعْمَال مَنْزِلِيَّة (a'mal manziliyya), not 'wajibat.' Using 'wajib' for taking out the trash or completing a spreadsheet at the office sounds overly dramatic, as if these mundane tasks are sacred moral obligations.

❌ لَدَيَّ وَاجِب فِي الشَّرِكَةِ. | ✅ لَدَيَّ مَهَمَّةٌ فِي الشَّرِكَةِ. (I have a task at the company.)

Contextual Error: Using 'wajib' for professional work tasks or household chores. It should be reserved for schoolwork, national duties, or moral obligations.

❌ هَذَا وَاجِبِي فِي المَطْبَخِ. | ✅ هَذَا عَمَلِي فِي المَطْبَخِ. (This is my chore/work in the kitchen.)

Pronunciation mistakes, while less critical, can also occur. The word is pronounced with a long 'a' in the first syllable (waa-jib), not a short one. Stressing the second syllable (wa-JIB) instead of the first (WAA-jib) can make the word sound slightly off to a native speaker. Furthermore, learners sometimes confuse the noun وَاجِب (wajib - duty/homework) with the verb يَجِبُ (yajibu - it is necessary/must). While they share the same root (w-j-b), they function differently. You cannot say 'ana wajib adhhab' to mean 'I must go'; you must say 'yajibu an adhhab.'

Part of Speech Error: Using the noun 'wajib' as a verb meaning 'must'. Always use the verb form 'yajibu' for 'must'.

❌ أَنَا وَاجِب أَدْرُس. | ✅ يَجِبُ أَنْ أَدْرُسَ. (I must study.)

❌ هَلْ عَمِلْتَ وَاجِبَاتَكَ المَنْزِلِيَّةَ؟ | ✅ هَلْ كَتَبْتَ وَاجِبَاتِكَ المَنْزِلِيَّةَ؟ (Did you write/do your homework? - 'katabta' is more natural than 'amilta' for written work.)

By being mindful of these common pitfalls—choosing the right verb, understanding its countability, respecting its specific contexts, and distinguishing it from its verbal counterparts—learners can use 'wajib' with confidence and precision, avoiding the subtle markers of a beginner.

While وَاجِب (wajib) is the most common and versatile word for 'homework' and 'duty,' the Arabic language boasts a rich vocabulary of related terms that offer different nuances, registers, and regional flavors. Understanding these alternatives not only expands your vocabulary but also allows you to express yourself with greater precision and cultural sensitivity. One of the most important synonyms to understand is فَرْض (fard). Like 'wajib,' 'fard' means duty or obligation, but it carries a much stronger, almost exclusively religious connotation. In Islamic theology, a 'fard' is an absolute divine command (like the five daily prayers), whereas 'wajib' can sometimes denote a slightly lesser degree of obligation depending on the school of thought, or, as we have seen, a secular duty like homework. You would rarely call school homework a 'fard,' though a teacher might use it metaphorically to emphasize its absolute necessity.

الصَّوْمُ فَرْضٌ عَلَى المُسْلِمِينَ. (Fasting is an absolute obligation upon Muslims.)

Fard vs. Wajib: 'Fard' is strictly religious and absolute. 'Wajib' is both religious and secular (homework, civic duty).

Another highly relevant word is مَهَمَّة (muhimma), which translates to 'mission,' 'task,' or 'assignment.' While 'wajib' is used for school homework, 'muhimma' is the preferred term for tasks assigned in a professional or military context. If your boss gives you a project, it is a 'muhimma.' If you are playing a video game, your objective is a 'muhimma.' Using 'wajib' in these contexts would sound out of place, as it implies a moral or educational duty rather than a practical task.

أَنْهَيْتُ المَهَمَّةَ بِنَجَاحٍ. (I finished the mission/task successfully.)

Muhimma vs. Wajib: 'Muhimma' implies a specific, often professional or tactical objective. 'Wajib' implies a recurring educational or moral responsibility.

Regionally, the word وَظِيفَة (wadhifa) is a crucial alternative to know. In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) and most dialects, 'wadhifa' means 'job' or 'employment.' However, in Levantine Arabic (spoken in Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Palestine), 'wadhifa' is the standard, everyday word for 'school homework.' A Syrian student is much more likely to say 'indi wadhifa' than 'indi wajib' when referring to their math assignment. If you are traveling to the Levant or speaking with people from that region, knowing this dialectal shift is essential.

لَدَيَّ وَظِيفَةٌ صَعْبَةٌ اليَوْمَ. (I have difficult homework today. - Levantine context)

For the concept of 'duty' in a broader, more abstract sense, the word اِلْتِزَام (iltizam), meaning 'commitment' or 'obligation,' is often used. It implies a duty that one has willingly taken upon oneself, such as a contractual obligation or a personal commitment to a cause. Another related word is مَسْؤُولِيَّة (mas'uliyya), meaning 'responsibility.' While a 'wajib' is the specific action you must perform, 'mas'uliyya' is the state of being accountable for that action.

Mas'uliyya vs. Wajib: 'Mas'uliyya' is the broad concept of responsibility. 'Wajib' is the specific duty or task that arises from that responsibility.

تَرْبِيَةُ الأَبْنَاءِ مَسْؤُولِيَّةٌ كَبِيرَةٌ. (Raising children is a great responsibility.)

لَدَيَّ اِلْتِزَامَاتٌ مَالِيَّةٌ. (I have financial commitments/obligations.)

By navigating these alternatives—fard, muhimma, wadhifa, iltizam, and mas'uliyya—you can tailor your Arabic to fit the exact context, whether you are in a classroom, a boardroom, a mosque, or a casual conversation in Damascus.

How Formal Is It?

正式

"يُعَدُّ الدِّفَاعُ عَنْ حُدُودِ البِلَادِ وَاجِبًا مُقَدَّسًا."

中性

"هَلْ أَنْهَيْتَ وَاجِبَكَ المَدْرَسِيَّ؟"

非正式

"عِنْدِي وَاجِبَات كَتِير اليَوْم."

Child friendly

"يَلَّا نَكْتُب الوَاجِب عَشَان نَلْعَب!"

俚语

"عَمَلْنَا مَعَاه الوَاجِب."

趣味小知识

The Arabic word for 'meal' is وَجْبَة (wajba), which comes from the exact same root! Originally, it meant a portion of food that 'falls' to your share or is established for you at a specific time. So, your homework (wajib) and your lunch (wajba) are linguistically related as things that are 'established' for you.

发音指南

UK /ˈwaː.dʒib/

US /ˈwɑ.dʒɪb/

WAA-jib (First syllable)

押韵词

صَاحِب (sahib - friend) طَالِب (talib - student) كَاتِب (katib - writer) غَائِب (gha'ib - absent) رَاكِب (rakib - passenger) جَانِب (janib - side) ثَاقِب (thaqib - piercing) عَجِيب (ajib - strange - slant rhyme)

常见错误

Pronouncing it with a short 'a' (wa-jib instead of waa-jib).
Stressing the second syllable (wa-JIB).
Pronouncing the 'j' as a French 'j' (zh) instead of a hard English 'j' (unless speaking Levantine dialect where 'zh' is common).
Making the final 'b' a 'p' sound.
Pronouncing the 'i' as a long 'ee' (waa-jeeb).

难度评级

阅读 2/5

Very easy to read. Regular phonetic spelling with no complex rules.

写作 2/5

Simple to write. All letters connect easily except the Waw (و) and Alif (ا).

口语 3/5

Requires remembering the long 'a' sound and not confusing it with the verb 'yajibu'.

听力 2/5

Distinctive sound, easily recognizable in speech.

接下来学什么

前置知识

مَدْرَسَة (madrasa - school) مُعَلِّم (mu'allim - teacher) كَتَبَ (kataba - to write) دَرْس (dars - lesson) طَالِب (talib - student)

接下来学习

يَجِبُ (yajibu - must) مَسْؤُولِيَّة (mas'uliyya - responsibility) حَقّ (haqq - right) اِمْتِحَان (imtihan - exam) وَظِيفَة (wadhifa - job/homework)

高级

إِلْزَامِيّ (ilzamiyy - compulsory) فَرْض (fard - obligation) مُوجِبَات (mujibat - requirements) حَتْمِيّ (hatmiyy - imperative) تَكْلِيف (taklif - mandate)

需要掌握的语法

Idafa (Possessive Construction): Used heavily with 'wajib' to specify the type of duty (e.g., wajib al-riyadiyyat - math homework).

أَنْهَيْتُ وَاجِبَ العُلُومِ. (I finished the science homework.)

Pluralization of Non-Human Nouns: 'Wajibat' is a non-human plural, so it takes feminine singular adjectives.

وَاجِبَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ (Many homeworks - literally: many [fem.sg.] homeworks).

Preposition 'Ala' for Obligation: 'Wajib' is followed by 'ala' to show who has the duty.

وَاجِبٌ عَلَيْكَ أَنْ تَذْهَبَ. (It is a duty upon you to go.)

Verbal Nouns (Masdar): 'Wajib' is technically an active participle (Ism Fai'l) from 'wajaba', acting as a noun.

هُوَ وَاجِبٌ. (It is necessary/a duty.)

Negation with Laysa: To say 'it is not a duty', use 'laysa'.

لَيْسَ وَاجِبًا عَلَيَّ. (It is not a duty upon me.)

按水平分级的例句

عِنْدِي وَاجِبٌ كَثِيرٌ.

I have a lot of homework.

Uses 'indi' (I have) with the singular noun 'wajib'.

أَيْنَ الوَاجِبُ؟

Where is the homework?

Simple interrogative sentence using 'ayna' (where).

أَنَا أَكْتُبُ الوَاجِبَ.

I am writing the homework.

Present tense verb 'aktubu' (I write) with 'al-wajib' as the direct object.

هَذَا وَاجِبٌ سَهْلٌ.

This is easy homework.

Noun-adjective phrase 'wajib sahl' (easy homework).

المُعَلِّمُ يُرِيدُ الوَاجِبَ.

The teacher wants the homework.

Subject-Verb-Object structure. 'Al-wajib' is accusative (mansub).

لَيْسَ عِنْدِي وَاجِبٌ اليَوْمَ.

I don't have homework today.

Negation using 'laysa' with the prepositional phrase 'indi'.

وَاجِبُ العَرَبِيَّةِ مُهِمٌّ.

The Arabic homework is important.

Idafa (possessive) construction: 'wajib al-arabiyya'.

هَلْ عَمِلْتَ الوَاجِبَ؟

Did you do the homework?

Past tense question using 'hal' (did) and the verb 'amila' (to do).

لَدَيَّ وَاجِبَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ فِي الرِّيَاضِيَّاتِ وَالعُلُومِ.

I have many homework assignments in math and science.

Introduction of the plural 'wajibat' with the feminine singular adjective 'kathira'.

نَسِيتُ دَفْتَرَ الوَاجِبِ فِي المَنْزِلِ.

I forgot the homework notebook at home.

Past tense verb 'nasitu' (I forgot) and Idafa 'daftar al-wajib'.

يَجِبُ أَنْ أُنْهِيَ وَاجِبِي قَبْلَ العَشَاءِ.

I must finish my homework before dinner.

Use of 'yajibu an' (must) followed by the subjunctive verb 'unhiya'.

لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِبٍ.

Don't mention it. (Lit: No thanks for a duty).

A fixed idiomatic expression used in polite social interaction.

سَأُسَاعِدُكَ فِي حَلِّ الوَاجِبِ.

I will help you solve the homework.

Future tense 'sa-usa'iduka' and the verbal noun 'hall' (solving).

الوَاجِبُ المَنْزِلِيُّ يَأْخُذُ وَقْتًا طَوِيلًا.

The homework takes a long time.

Use of the adjective 'manziliyy' (home/domestic) to specify schoolwork.

أَخِي الصَّغِيرُ لَا يُحِبُّ كِتَابَةَ الوَاجِبَاتِ.

My little brother doesn't like writing homework.

Verbal noun 'kitaba' (writing) used as the object of 'yuhibbu' (likes).

هَلْ يُمْكِنُنِي الذَّهَابُ لِلَّعِبِ بَعْدَ الوَاجِبِ؟

Can I go play after the homework?

Preposition 'ba'da' (after) followed by the genitive noun 'al-wajib'.

مِنَ الوَاجِبِ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ نَحْتَرِمَ كِبَارَ السِّنِّ.

It is our duty to respect the elderly.

Abstract use of 'wajib' with the preposition 'ala' (upon) to express moral obligation.

أَدَّى الجُنْدِيُّ وَاجِبَهُ بِشَجَاعَةٍ.

The soldier performed his duty with bravery.

Use of the formal verb 'adda' (performed/fulfilled) with 'wajib'.

تَخَصَّصْتُ وَقْتًا كُلَّ مَسَاءٍ لِمُرَاجَعَةِ الدُّرُوسِ وَإِنْجَازِ الوَاجِبَاتِ.

I allocated time every evening to review lessons and complete homework.

Use of the formal verbal noun 'injaz' (completing/accomplishing).

الذَّهَابُ إِلَى العَزَاءِ وَاجِبٌ اِجْتِمَاعِيٌّ فِي ثَقَافَتِنَا.

Going to a funeral is a social duty in our culture.

Introduction of the concept 'wajib ijtima'iyy' (social duty).

لَمْ أَسْتَطِعِ الحُضُورَ لِأَنَّنِي كُنْتُ أَقُومُ بِوَاجِبٍ عَائِلِيٍّ.

I couldn't attend because I was performing a family duty.

Use of the phrase 'aqumu bi-wajib' (I undertake a duty).

يَعْتَبِرُ المُعَلِّمُ أَنَّ الوَاجِبَ جُزْءٌ أَسَاسِيٌّ مِنَ التَّعَلُّمِ.

The teacher considers homework an essential part of learning.

Complex sentence structure using 'ya'tabiru anna' (considers that).

الدِّفَاعُ عَنِ البِيئَةِ وَاجِبٌ عَلَى كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ.

Defending the environment is a duty upon every human.

Expressing universal obligations using 'wajib ala kulli insan'.

تَرَاكَمَتْ عَلَيَّ الوَاجِبَاتُ بِسَبَبِ غِيَابِي عَنِ المَدْرَسَةِ.

Homework piled up on me because of my absence from school.

Use of the verb 'tarakamat' (piled up/accumulated) with the plural 'wajibat'.

يَنْبَغِي التَّوَازُنُ بَيْنَ الحُقُوقِ وَالوَاجِبَاتِ فِي أَيِّ مُجْتَمَعٍ دِيمُوقْرَاطِيٍّ.

There should be a balance between rights and duties in any democratic society.

Pairing 'wajib' with its natural antonym/complement 'huquq' (rights).

تَهَرَّبَ المُوَظَّفُ مِنْ أَدَاءِ وَاجِبِهِ المِهَنِيِّ، مِمَّا أَدَّى إِلَى فَصْلِهِ.

The employee evaded performing his professional duty, which led to his dismissal.

Use of the verb 'taharraba' (evaded/shirked) and the adjective 'mihaniyy' (professional).

الشُّعُورُ بِالوَاجِبِ هُوَ مَا يَدْفَعُ الأَطِبَّاءَ لِلْعَمَلِ لِسَاعَاتٍ طَوِيلَةٍ.

The sense of duty is what drives doctors to work for long hours.

Introduction of the abstract concept 'al-shu'ur bi-al-wajib' (sense of duty).

إِنَّ تَقْدِيمَ المُسَاعَدَةِ لِلَّاجِئِينَ لَيْسَ مِنَّةً، بَلْ هُوَ وَاجِبٌ إِنْسَانِيٌّ.

Providing help to refugees is not a favor, rather it is a humanitarian duty.

Contrastive structure 'laysa minnatan, bal huwa wajib' (not a favor, but a duty).

يُعَدُّ التَّصْوِيتُ فِي الِانْتِخَابَاتِ وَاجِبًا وَطَنِيًّا لَا يَجُوزُ التَّخَلِّي عَنْهُ.

Voting in elections is considered a national duty that must not be abandoned.

Passive verb 'yu'addu' (is considered) and the phrase 'la yajuzu al-takhalli anhu' (must not be abandoned).

فَرَضَتِ الحُكُومَةُ ضَرَائِبَ جَدِيدَةً بِاعْتِبَارِهَا وَاجِبًا مَالِيًّا عَلَى الشَّرِكَاتِ.

The government imposed new taxes, considering them a financial duty on companies.

Use of 'bi-i'tibariha' (considering it as) followed by 'wajib maliyy' (financial duty).

قَامَ الوَفْدُ بِتَأْدِيَةِ وَاجِبِ العَزَاءِ لِأُسْرَةِ الفَقِيدِ.

The delegation performed the duty of offering condolences to the family of the deceased.

Formal phrase 'ta'diyat wajib al-aza' (performing the duty of condolences).

يُوَاجِهُ الطُّلَّابُ ضُغُوطًا نَفْسِيَّةً بِسَبَبِ كَثْرَةِ الوَاجِبَاتِ المَدْرَسِيَّةِ.

Students face psychological pressure due to the abundance of school homework.

Academic phrasing discussing the negative impacts of 'wajibat madrasiyya'.

يَتَجَلَّى الوَضوحُ الأَخْلَاقِيُّ فِي تَقْدِيمِ نِدَاءِ الوَاجِبِ عَلَى المَصَالِحِ الشَّخْصِيَّةِ.

Moral clarity is manifested in prioritizing the call of duty over personal interests.

Highly literary vocabulary: 'yatajalla' (manifests), 'nida' al-wajib' (call of duty).

فِي الفِقْهِ الإِسْلَامِيِّ، يُعَرَّفُ الوَاجِبُ بِأَنَّهُ مَا يُثَابُ فَاعِلُهُ وَيُعَاقَبُ تَارِكُهُ.

In Islamic jurisprudence, 'wajib' is defined as that for which the doer is rewarded and the omitter is punished.

Technical definition using passive verbs 'yuthabu' (is rewarded) and 'yu'aqabu' (is punished).

تَنَصَّلَ المَسْؤُولُ مِنْ وَاجِبَاتِهِ الدُّسْتُورِيَّةِ، مِمَّا أَثَارَ أَزْمَةً سِيَاسِيَّةً خَانِقَةً.

The official shirked his constitutional duties, which provoked a suffocating political crisis.

Advanced verb 'tanassala min' (shirked/abdicated) and 'wajibat dusturiyya' (constitutional duties).

إِنَّ الِالْتِزَامَ بِالوَاجِبِ يَتَطَلَّبُ تَجَرُّدًا وَإِنْكَارًا لِلذَّاتِ فِي كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الأَحْيَانِ.

Commitment to duty requires detachment and self-denial in many instances.

Abstract nouns 'tajarrud' (detachment) and 'inkar li-l-dhat' (self-denial).

لَا يُمْكِنُ اخْتِزَالُ مَفْهُومِ المُواطَنَةِ فِي مُجَرَّدِ الِانْتِمَاءِ، بَلْ هُوَ مَنْظُومَةٌ مُتَكَامِلَةٌ مِنَ الحُقُوقِ وَالوَاجِبَاتِ.

The concept of citizenship cannot be reduced to mere belonging; rather, it is an integrated system of rights and duties.

Complex argumentation using 'la yumkinu ikhtizal' (cannot be reduced) and 'manzhuma mutakamila' (integrated system).

كَانَ يَرَى أَنَّ تَوْثِيقَ التُّرَاثِ الشَّفَهِيِّ وَاجِبٌ حَتْمِيٌّ لِحِمَايَةِ الهُوِيَّةِ الثَّقَافِيَّةِ.

He believed that documenting oral heritage was an imperative duty to protect cultural identity.

Strong adjective 'hatmiyy' (imperative/inevitable) modifying 'wajib'.

تَخْتَلِفُ النَّظْرَةُ الفَلْسَفِيَّةُ لِلْوَاجِبِ بَيْنَ المَدْرَسَةِ الكَانْطِيَّةِ وَالمَدَارِسِ النَّفْعِيَّةِ.

The philosophical view of duty differs between the Kantian school and utilitarian schools.

Academic discourse using 'al-nazhra al-falsafiyya li-l-wajib' (philosophical view of duty).

أَمْلَى عَلَيْهِ ضَمِيرُهُ أَنْ يَقُومَ بِهَذَا الوَاجِبِ رَغْمَ المَخَاطِرِ المُحْدِقَةِ.

His conscience dictated to him to perform this duty despite the surrounding dangers.

Literary phrase 'amla alayhi dhamiruhu' (his conscience dictated to him).

تَتَجَاوَزُ دَلَالَةُ كَلِمَةِ 'وَاجِب' فِي النَّصِّ القُرْآنِيِّ مُجَرَّدَ الإِلْزَامِ التَّشْرِيعِيِّ لِتُعَانِقَ مَفَاهِيمَ السُّنَنِ الكَوْنِيَّةِ الحَتْمِيَّةِ.

The significance of the word 'wajib' in the Quranic text transcends mere legislative obligation to embrace the concepts of inevitable cosmic laws.

Extremely high-register vocabulary: 'tatajawazu dalalat' (significance transcends), 'sunan kawniyya' (cosmic laws).

قَدْ يَتَصَادَمُ الوَاجِبُ الأَخْلَاقِيُّ المُطْلَقُ مَعَ البَرَاجْمَاتِيَّةِ السِّيَاسِيَّةِ، مِمَّا يُوَلِّدُ مُعْضِلَةً عَصِيَّةً عَلَى الحَلِّ.

Absolute moral duty may collide with political pragmatism, generating a dilemma that is difficult to resolve.

Philosophical phrasing: 'yatasadamu' (collides), 'mu'dhila asiyya ala al-hall' (intractable dilemma).

إِنَّ تَأْصِيلَ مَفْهُومِ الوَاجِبِ فِي الفِكْرِ العَرَبِيِّ النَّهْضَوِيِّ كَانَ بِمَثَابَةِ حَجَرِ الزَّاوِيَةِ لِبِنَاءِ الدَّوْلَةِ الحَدِيثَةِ.

The grounding of the concept of duty in Arab Renaissance thought served as the cornerstone for building the modern state.

Historical/sociological analysis using 'ta'sil' (grounding/rooting) and 'fikr nahdhawiyy' (Renaissance thought).

لَمْ يَكُنْ أَدَاؤُهُ لِلْوَاجِبِ نَابِعًا مِنْ خَوْفٍ مِنْ عِقَابٍ، بَلْ مِنْ إِيمَانٍ عَمِيقٍ بِقُدْسِيَّةِ الرِّسَالَةِ الَّتِي يَحْمِلُهَا.

His performance of the duty did not stem from a fear of punishment, but from a deep belief in the sanctity of the message he carried.

Rhetorical contrast 'lam yakun... nabi'an min... bal min' (was not stemming from... but from).

فِي خِضَمِّ التَّحَوُّلَاتِ الِاجْتِمَاعِيَّةِ، يَتِمُّ إِعَادَةُ تَعْرِيفِ الوَاجِبَاتِ التَّقْلِيدِيَّةِ لِتَتَوَاءَمَ مَعَ مُتَطَلَّبَاتِ العَصْرِ الرَّاهِنِ.

In the midst of social transformations, traditional duties are being redefined to align with the requirements of the current era.

Sociological discourse: 'fi khidhamm' (in the midst of), 'yatimmu i'adat ta'rif' (are being redefined).

يَرَى بَعْضُ الفُقَهَاءِ أَنَّ الوَاجِبَ الكِفَائِيَّ إِذَا تَقَاعَسَ عَنْهُ الجَمِيعُ تَحَوَّلَ إِلَى وَاجِبٍ عَيْنِيٍّ يَأْثَمُ بِتَرْكِهِ كُلُّ فَرْدٍ.

Some jurists argue that a collective duty (wajib kifa'i), if neglected by everyone, transforms into an individual duty (wajib ayni) for the omission of which every individual sins.

Deep Islamic jurisprudential terminology: 'wajib kifa'iyy' (collective duty) vs. 'wajib ayniyy' (individual duty).

تَنْبَثِقُ شَاعِرِيَّةُ النَّصِّ مِنْ تِلْكَ المُفَارَقَةِ بَيْنَ ثِقَلِ الوَاجِبِ المَفْرُوضِ وَخِفَّةِ الرُّوحِ التَّوَّاقَةِ لِلْحُرِّيَّةِ.

The poeticism of the text emanates from that paradox between the weight of the imposed duty and the lightness of the spirit yearning for freedom.

Literary critique vocabulary: 'tanbathiqu' (emanates), 'mufaraqa' (paradox/irony).

لَقَدْ أَصْبَحَ مُصْطَلَحُ 'الوَاجِبِ' مُثْقَلًا بِحُمُولَاتٍ أَيْدِيُولُوجِيَّةٍ تُسْتَغَلُّ أَحْيَانًا لِتَبْرِيرِ الِاسْتِبْدَادِ السِّيَاسِيِّ.

The term 'duty' has become burdened with ideological connotations that are sometimes exploited to justify political despotism.

Political science analysis: 'muthqalan bi-humulat aydiyulujiyya' (burdened with ideological connotations).

常见搭配

وَاجِب مَدْرَسِيّ

وَاجِب مَنْزِلِيّ

وَاجِب وَطَنِيّ

أَدَاءُ الوَاجِبِ

وَاجِب العَزَاءِ

وَاجِب دِينِيّ

حَلَّ الوَاجِبَ

كَتَبَ الوَاجِبَ

نِدَاءُ الوَاجِبِ

حُقُوق وَوَاجِبَات

常用短语

لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب

قَامَ بِالوَاجِب

مِنَ الوَاجِبِ أَنْ...

وَاجِبُكَ مَحْفُوظ

أَدَّى وَاجِبَهُ

وَاجِبُ الوُجُود

تَقْصِيرٌ فِي الوَاجِب

دَفْتَرُ الوَاجِبَات

وَاجِبٌ ثَقِيل

حَسَبَ الأُصُولِ وَالوَاجِب

容易混淆的词

وَاجِب vs يَجِبُ (yajibu)

Learners confuse the noun 'wajib' (homework/duty) with the verb 'yajibu' (must). You cannot say 'ana wajib adhhab' (I homework go). You must say 'yajibu an adhhab' (I must go).

وَاجِب vs مَهَمَّة (muhimma)

Learners use 'wajib' for work tasks. 'Wajib' is for school or moral duties. 'Muhimma' is for professional tasks or missions.

وَاجِب vs وَظِيفَة (wadhifa)

In MSA, 'wadhifa' means job. In the Levant, it means homework. Learners from the Levant might use 'wadhifa' in Egypt and be misunderstood as asking for a job instead of talking about homework.

习语与表达

"لَبَّى نِدَاءَ الوَاجِبِ"

Answered the call of duty. Usually refers to military service or stepping up in a crisis.

عِنْدَمَا بَدَأَتِ الحَرْبُ، لَبَّى الشَّبَابُ نِدَاءَ الوَاجِبِ.

Formal / Journalistic

"سَقَطَ عَنْهُ الوَاجِب"

The duty fell from him (He is no longer obligated). Used when someone is excused from a duty.

المَرِيضُ يَسْقُطُ عَنْهُ وَاجِبُ الصَّوْمِ.

Formal / Religious

"رَجُلُ وَاجِب"

A man of duty. Describes someone who is highly reliable and always fulfills social or professional obligations.

أَبِي رَجُلُ وَاجِبٍ، لَا يَغِيبُ عَنْ أَيِّ مُنَاسَبَةٍ عَائِلِيَّةٍ.

Neutral / Compliment

"صَاحِبُ وَاجِب"

Similar to 'rajul wajib', someone who always performs social duties (visiting sick, attending funerals).

هُوَ صَاحِبُ وَاجِبٍ، دَائِمًا يَقِفُ مَعَ أَصْدِقَائِهِ.

Informal / Social

"عَمَلَ الوَاجِب مَعَهُ"

He 'did the duty' with him. Slang meaning he treated him very well, or ironically, he beat him up / taught him a lesson.

الضَّيْفُ جَاءَ، وَنَحْنُ عَمِلْنَا الوَاجِبَ مَعَهُ. (We hosted him well).

Slang / Informal

"وَاجِبُ السَّاعَة"

The duty of the hour. The most pressing or urgent task right now.

إِنْقَاذُ الِاقْتِصَادِ هُوَ وَاجِبُ السَّاعَةِ.

Journalistic / Political

"فَرْضُ عَيْنٍ وَلَيْسَ وَاجِبَ كِفَايَة"

An individual absolute duty, not a collective one. Used to emphasize that *everyone* must do it.

التَّعَلُّمُ فِي هَذَا العَصْرِ فَرْضُ عَيْنٍ وَلَيْسَ وَاجِبَ كِفَايَةٍ.

Academic / Religious

"خَارِجَ أَوْقَاتِ الوَاجِب"

Off duty. Outside of working hours.

الشُّرْطِيُّ كَانَ خَارِجَ أَوْقَاتِ الوَاجِبِ عِنْدَمَا حَدَثَتِ السَّرِقَةُ.

Formal / Legal

"شَهِيدُ الوَاجِب"

Martyr of duty. Someone who died while performing their job (usually police, military, or medical staff).

تَمَّ تَكْرِيمُ أُسْرَةِ شَهِيدِ الوَاجِبِ.

Formal / News

"أَضْعَفُ الإِيمَانِ وَأَقَلُّ الوَاجِب"

The weakest of faith and the least of duty. The absolute bare minimum one should do.

الِاعْتِذَارُ هُوَ أَقَلُّ الوَاجِبِ فِي هَذِهِ الحَالَةِ.

Neutral

容易混淆

وَاجِب vs فَرْض (fard)

Both mean 'duty' or 'obligation'.

'Fard' is almost exclusively used for strict religious obligations commanded by God (like fasting). 'Wajib' is used for everyday school homework, civic duties, and also religious duties.

الصَّلَاةُ فَرْضٌ، وَالوَاجِبُ المَدْرَسِيُّ مُهِمٌّ. (Prayer is a religious obligation, and school homework is important.)

وَاجِب vs مَسْؤُولِيَّة (mas'uliyya)

Both relate to things you have to do.

'Mas'uliyya' means 'responsibility' (the state of being accountable). 'Wajib' is the specific 'duty' or 'task' you must perform because of that responsibility.

الأُسْرَةُ مَسْؤُولِيَّةٌ، وَالِاعْتِنَاءُ بِهَا وَاجِبٌ. (Family is a responsibility, and caring for them is a duty.)

وَاجِب vs حَقّ (haqq)

Often used together in the phrase 'huquq wa wajibat'.

'Haqq' is a right (something owed to you). 'Wajib' is a duty (something you owe to others). They are exact opposites in legal contexts.

لَكَ حُقُوقٌ وَعَلَيْكَ وَاجِبَاتٌ. (You have rights and you have duties.)

وَاجِب vs عَمَل (amal)

Both can translate to 'work'.

'Amal' is the general word for work, employment, or any action. 'Wajib' specifically means a required duty or school homework.

أَذْهَبُ إِلَى العَمَلِ، ثُمَّ أُسَاعِدُ ابْنِي فِي الوَاجِبِ. (I go to work, then I help my son with the homework.)

وَاجِب vs تَكْلِيف (taklif)

Both mean an assignment.

'Taklif' emphasizes the act of being burdened or assigned a task by a higher authority. It is more formal and often used in university settings rather than primary school.

أَعْطَانَا الدُّكْتُورُ تَكْلِيفًا صَعْبًا. (The doctor/professor gave us a difficult assignment.)

句型

عِنْدِي + وَاجِب + [Subject]

عِنْدِي وَاجِبُ عَرَبِيَّةٍ. (I have Arabic homework.)

أَنَا أَكْتُبُ + وَاجِبِي

أَنَا أَكْتُبُ وَاجِبِي المَنْزِلِيَّ. (I am writing my homework.)

مِنَ الوَاجِبِ عَلَى + [Person] + أَنْ + [Verb]

مِنَ الوَاجِبِ عَلَيْنَا أَنْ نَدْرُسَ. (It is our duty to study.)

يُعْتَبَرُ + [Noun] + وَاجِبًا + [Adjective]

يُعْتَبَرُ التَّصْوِيتُ وَاجِبًا وَطَنِيًّا. (Voting is considered a national duty.)

أَدَّى + [Person] + وَاجِبَهُ + فِي + [Noun]

أَدَّى الطَّبِيبُ وَاجِبَهُ فِي عِلَاجِ المَرْضَى. (The doctor performed his duty in treating the patients.)

لَا يَقْتَصِرُ الوَاجِبُ عَلَى... بَلْ يَتَعَدَّاهُ إِلَى...

لَا يَقْتَصِرُ الوَاجِبُ عَلَى الكَلَامِ بَلْ يَتَعَدَّاهُ إِلَى الفِعْلِ. (Duty is not limited to words, but extends to action.)

لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب

شُكْرًا! - لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب. (Thanks! - Don't mention it.)

قَامَ بِوَاجِبِ + [Noun]

قَامَ بِوَاجِبِ العَزَاءِ. (He performed the duty of condolence.)

词族

名词

动词

形容词

如何使用

frequency

Extremely High. Top 500 words in Arabic.

常见错误

أَنَا وَاجِب أَذْهَب (Ana wajib adhhab) → يَجِبُ أَنْ أَذْهَب (Yajibu an adhhab)
Using the noun 'wajib' as a modal verb meaning 'must'. You must use the verb form 'yajibu an' for 'must'.
صَنَعْتُ وَاجِبِي (Sana'tu wajibi) → كَتَبْتُ وَاجِبِي (Katabtu wajibi)
Directly translating 'I made my homework'. In Arabic, you 'write' (kataba) or 'solve' (halla) homework.
عِنْدِي وَاجِبَات كَثِيرَات (Indi wajibat kathirat) → عِنْدِي وَاجِبَات كَثِيرَة (Indi wajibat kathira)
Matching the plural adjective to the plural non-human noun. Non-human plurals (wajibat) take feminine singular adjectives (kathira).
أَعْطَانِي المُدِيرُ وَاجِبًا فِي الشَّرِكَة (A'tani al-mudir wajiban fi al-sharika) → أَعْطَانِي المُدِيرُ مَهَمَّةً فِي الشَّرِكَة (A'tani al-mudir muhimmatan fi al-sharika)
Using 'wajib' for a professional work task. 'Wajib' is for school or moral duties; 'muhimma' is for work tasks.
شُكْرًا! - عَفْوًا عَلَى الوَاجِب (Afwan ala al-wajib) → شُكْرًا! - لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب (La shukr ala wajib)
Mixing up polite phrases. The correct fixed idiom is 'La shukr ala wajib' (No thanks for a duty).

小贴士

Use the Plural for Multiple Subjects

In English, 'homework' is uncountable. In Arabic, if you have math and science homework, you have 'wajibat' (plural), not just one 'wajib'.

The Perfect Response

Memorize 'La shukr ala wajib' (لا شكر على واجب). It is the ultimate polite response to 'Thank you' and will make you sound like a native speaker instantly.

Write, Don't Do

When talking about homework, prefer the verb 'kataba' (to write) over 'fa'ala' (to do). 'Katabtu al-wajib' sounds much more natural.

Social Duties

Understand that 'wajib' isn't just for kids. Adults have 'wajibat' too—visiting the sick, attending weddings, and going to funerals are all serious 'wajibat' in Arab culture.

Noun vs. Verb

Never use 'wajib' to mean 'I must'. 'Wajib' is the thing you do (the duty). 'Yajibu' is the verb (must). 'Yajibu an aktuba al-wajib' (I must write the homework).

Levantine Exception

If you are studying Levantine Arabic, learn the word 'wadhifa' (وظيفة) for homework. But remember, in Egypt or the Gulf, 'wadhifa' means your actual job!

Duty 'Upon' You

When expressing that someone has a duty, use the preposition 'ala' (upon). 'Wajib alayka' means 'It is a duty upon you'.

Stretch the A

Make sure to pronounce the first vowel long: WAA-jib. If you say it too fast (wa-jib), it sounds incorrect.

Not for Work Tasks

Don't use 'wajib' for tasks your boss gives you at the office. Use 'muhimma' (mission/task) instead. 'Wajib' is for school, nation, or morals.

Call of Duty

The phrase 'Nida' al-Wajib' is a great literary phrase to know. It means 'Call of Duty' and is used in news, literature, and yes, the video game.

记住它

记忆技巧

Imagine a student saying 'WAH! JEEPers, I have so much homework!' (WAH-JIB = Wajib).

视觉联想

Visualize a heavy weight (a duty) physically 'falling' (the root meaning) onto a student's desk in the form of a massive stack of homework papers.

Word Web

Homework Duty School Teacher Must (Yajibu) National Religious Responsibility

挑战

Next time you have a task to do, whether it's studying, cleaning, or working, say out loud to yourself: 'Hatha wajibi' (This is my duty/homework).

词源

The word comes from the Arabic root و-ج-ب (w-j-b). In classical Arabic, the primary physical meaning of this root was 'to fall' or 'to drop'. For example, when the sun sets, it was said 'wajabat al-shams' (the sun fell). Over time, this physical concept of something 'falling' onto someone evolved into the abstract concept of a duty 'falling upon' a person's shoulders, hence becoming an obligation.

原始含义： To fall, to drop, to be established firmly.

Semitic

文化背景

Be aware that calling something a 'wajib' in a religious context means it is a sin to skip it. Do not use the word lightly when discussing religious practices with devout Muslims unless you mean it.

In English, 'homework' is just a task. In Arabic, calling it 'wajib' (duty) gives it a moral weight. It's not just about learning; it's about fulfilling your responsibility to your parents and society.

The phrase 'Nida' al-Wajib' (Call of Duty) is the exact Arabic translation used for the famous video game franchise. Many classic Arabic poems praise the 'rijal al-wajib' (men of duty) who defend the tribe or nation. In Islamic texts, the categorization of acts into Wajib, Mandub, Mubah, Makruh, and Haram is fundamental to understanding Sharia.

在生活中练习

真实语境

In the Classroom

أَيْنَ الوَاجِب؟ (Where is the homework?)
اِفْتَحُوا دَفْتَرَ الوَاجِبَات. (Open the homework notebooks.)
هَذَا وَاجِبٌ لِلْغَد. (This is homework for tomorrow.)
نَسِيتُ وَاجِبِي. (I forgot my homework.)

At Home with Parents

هَلْ عَمِلْتَ وَاجِبَك؟ (Did you do your homework?)
اِذْهَبْ لِكِتَابَةِ وَاجِبِك. (Go write your homework.)
سَأُسَاعِدُكَ فِي الوَاجِب. (I will help you with the homework.)
لَا تِلِفِزْيُون قَبْلَ الوَاجِب. (No TV before homework.)

Social Etiquette

لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب. (No thanks for a duty / You're welcome.)
قَامَ بِالوَاجِب. (He did what was expected/hosted well.)
هَذَا وَاجِبُنَا. (This is our duty.)
وَاجِبُ العَزَاءِ. (The duty of condolence.)

News and Politics

وَاجِبٌ وَطَنِيّ. (National duty.)
نِدَاءُ الوَاجِب. (Call of duty.)
حُقُوقٌ وَوَاجِبَات. (Rights and duties.)
شَهِيدُ الوَاجِب. (Martyr of duty.)

Religious Discourse

وَاجِبٌ دِينِيّ. (Religious duty.)
صَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَاجِب. (Fasting Ramadan is obligatory.)
تَرَكَ الوَاجِب. (He abandoned the duty.)
أَدَّى الوَاجِبَاتِ. (He performed the obligations.)

对话开场白

"هَلْ كَانَ لَدَيْكَ الكَثِيرُ مِنَ الوَاجِبَاتِ عِنْدَمَا كُنْتَ فِي المَدْرَسَةِ؟ (Did you have a lot of homework when you were in school?)"

"مَا رَأْيُكَ، هَلِ الوَاجِبَاتُ المَدْرَسِيَّةُ مُفِيدَةٌ أَمْ مُرْهِقَةٌ لِلطُّلَّابِ؟ (What do you think, is school homework useful or exhausting for students?)"

"مَا هُوَ أَهَمُّ وَاجِبٍ وَطَنِيٍّ فِي رَأْيِكَ؟ (What is the most important national duty in your opinion?)"

"هَلْ تَشْعُرُ أَنَّ وَاجِبَاتِكَ العَائِلِيَّةَ تَأْخُذُ كُلَّ وَقْتِكَ؟ (Do you feel that your family duties take up all your time?)"

"كَيْفَ تُوَفِّقُ بَيْنَ حُقُوقِكَ وَوَاجِبَاتِكَ فِي العَمَلِ؟ (How do you balance your rights and duties at work?)"

日记主题

اُكْتُبْ عَنْ مَرَّةٍ نَسِيتَ فِيهَا وَاجِبَكَ المَدْرَسِيَّ وَمَاذَا حَدَثَ. (Write about a time you forgot your school homework and what happened.)

مَا هِيَ الوَاجِبَاتُ الَّتِي تَشْعُرُ أَنَّهَا ثَقِيلَةٌ عَلَيْكَ فِي حَيَاتِكَ اليَوْمِيَّةِ؟ (What are the duties that you feel are heavy on you in your daily life?)

تَخَيَّلْ مَدْرَسَةً بِدُونِ وَاجِبَاتٍ مَنْزِلِيَّةٍ. كَيْفَ سَتَكُونُ؟ (Imagine a school without homework. How would it be?)

نَاقِشْ عِبَارَةَ 'لَا شُكْرَ عَلَى وَاجِب' وَمَتَى تَسْتَخْدِمُهَا. (Discuss the phrase 'no thanks for a duty' and when you use it.)

مَا هُوَ الفَرْقُ بَيْنَ الوَاجِبِ وَالِاخْتِيَارِ فِي حَيَاتِكَ؟ (What is the difference between duty and choice in your life?)

常见问题

10 个问题

No. 'Wajib' is a noun meaning 'duty' or 'homework'. To say 'I must', you need to use the verb form 'yajibu an' (يَجِبُ أَنْ) followed by a present tense verb. For example, 'yajibu an adhhab' means 'I must go'.

You should use the plural form 'wajibat'. The correct phrase is 'indi wajibat kathira' (عِنْدِي وَاجِبَاتٌ كَثِيرَةٌ). Because 'wajibat' is a non-human plural, the adjective 'kathira' must be feminine singular.

If you mean school homework, use 'kataba' (to write) or 'halla' (to solve). Example: 'katabtu wajibi' (I wrote my homework). If you mean a moral or national duty, use 'adda' (to perform) or 'qama bi' (to undertake). Example: 'adda wajibahu' (he performed his duty).

Not at all! While it is the standard word for school homework, it is heavily used by adults to mean national duty (wajib watani), social duty (wajib ijtima'i), or religious duty (wajib dini).

It literally translates to 'No thanks for a duty'. It is the most common and polite way to say 'You're welcome' when someone thanks you for doing them a favor or helping them out.

It is a dialectal difference. In Levantine Arabic (Syria, Lebanon, etc.), the word 'wadhifa' (which means 'job' in standard Arabic) evolved to mean 'school homework'. However, they still understand and use 'wajib' for moral/social duties.

The singular noun 'wajib' (وَاجِب) is masculine. However, its plural 'wajibat' (وَاجِبَات) ends in 'at', making it a regular feminine plural. Treat the plural as feminine singular for adjectives.

It means 'the duty of condolence'. In Arab culture, attending a funeral or visiting a grieving family is considered a mandatory social obligation, hence it is called a 'wajib'.

No, this is a direct translation from English and sounds very unnatural in Arabic. Arabs do not 'make' homework; they 'write' (kataba) or 'solve' (halla) it.

Both mean duty, but 'fard' is almost exclusively used for strict religious commands from God (like the 5 daily prayers). 'Wajib' is broader, covering schoolwork, civic duties, and social obligations.