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A1 adjective #2,000 最常用 6分钟阅读

تابع

tabi' 前2,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 تابع 30秒了解

解析 تابع in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know 'tābi‘' as a way to say something 'belongs to' or 'is with' something else. It is often used in simple sentences to describe affiliation. For example, if you are part of a group or a class, you might use this word. It's a basic building block for describing relationships between things. Think of it as 'following' or 'belonging to'. You will see it on signs or in simple descriptions of shops that belong to a larger chain. It is important to remember the feminine form 'tābi‘ah' because many organizations in Arabic (like 'sharikah' or 'madrasah') are feminine. At this stage, focus on the 'X is tābi‘ to Y' structure using the preposition 'li'.

At the A2 level, you begin to use 'tābi‘' in more specific contexts, such as describing your workplace or your hometown's administrative status. You might say 'I work in a branch tābi‘ to the main office.' You will also encounter it in the plural form 'tābi‘ūn' when talking about followers or members of a group. You should be able to distinguish between 'tābi‘' as an adjective and 'tāba‘a' as a verb (to follow/continue). This level requires you to understand that 'tābi‘' describes a state of being connected to a larger entity. You will also start seeing it in simple news headlines about 'affiliated' groups.

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At the B1 level, 'tābi‘' becomes a key word for discussing social and political structures. You will use it to describe subsidiaries in business, political factions, or administrative districts. You should be comfortable using it in the 'Idafa' construction or as a standalone adjective. You will also learn the term 'al-tawābi‘' in a scientific context, such as planets or satellites. At this level, you should understand the nuance that 'tābi‘' implies a level of dependency—the 'tābi‘' entity relies on the 'matbū‘' (the leader/parent) for its status or instructions. You will also see it in legal contexts regarding dependents.

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At the B2 level, you will use 'tābi‘' to discuss complex organizational hierarchies and legal relationships. You will encounter it in legal texts ('al-atbā‘' - the followers/dependents) and in academic discussions about historical vassal states or colonies. You should be able to use it metaphorically, such as 'a thought that is tābi‘ to a specific school of philosophy.' This level requires a deep understanding of the word's role in defining authority. You will also see it in grammar, where a 'tābi‘' is a word that follows another in its grammatical case (like adjectives, appositives, etc.).

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At the C1 level, 'tābi‘' is used in sophisticated discourse regarding sovereignty, autonomy, and structuralism. You will analyze texts that use 'tābi‘' to describe the relationship between the periphery and the center in political science. You will understand the subtle difference between 'tābi‘' (subordinate) and 'mustaqill' (independent). You will also encounter the term in classical Arabic literature and Islamic jurisprudence, where 'al-Tābi‘ūn' refers to the generation of Muslims who followed the Companions of the Prophet. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's historical and religious weight.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'tābi‘' and its derivatives. You can use it to discuss abstract concepts like 'ontological dependency' or 'logical consequence'. You are aware of its use in the most formal legal and diplomatic documents, where the exact nature of 'tābi‘iyyah' (dependency/citizenship/affiliation) is defined. You can distinguish between the various shades of meaning in classical poetry versus modern legal code. You use the word with precision, understanding that it carries connotations of both sequence and subjection, and you can manipulate these nuances to express complex ideas about power and order.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

تابع 30秒了解

The word 'tābi‘' means subordinate or affiliated, describing an entity under the control of another higher authority or parent organization.
It is commonly used in business (subsidiaries), government (departments), and geography (villages belonging to cities) to show structural hierarchy.
Grammatically, it is an adjective that must agree in gender and number with the noun it describes, often followed by the preposition 'li'.
Beyond administrative use, it can mean a literal follower, a satellite in space, or a specific generation in Islamic history.

The Arabic word تابع (Tābi‘) is a multifaceted term that primarily functions as an adjective or an active participle (Ism al-Fā‘il) derived from the root t-b-‘ (ت-ب-ع), which carries the core meaning of following, succeeding, or being subsequent to something else. In its most literal sense, it describes an entity that follows another, but in a socio-political or organizational context, it specifically denotes being subject to the authority, control, or jurisdiction of another. This word is essential for understanding relationships of dependency, whether they are legal, geographical, or administrative. For instance, a subsidiary company is 'tābi‘' to its parent corporation, and a small village might be 'tābi‘' to a larger municipality. The beauty of this word lies in its ability to describe both a physical act of following and a structural state of subordination.

Linguistic Root: The root ت-ب-ع (t-b-‘) relates to the concept of sequence. In the form of 'tābi‘', it implies an active state of following. Unlike a passive follower, a 'tābi‘' entity is defined by its connection to a 'matbū‘' (the one followed).
Legal Nuance: In legal terminology, 'tābi‘' refers to a dependent or a subordinate. This could be a person under someone's guardianship or a territory under the sovereignty of a larger state.
Modern Context: In the digital age, 'tābi‘' has evolved to mean a 'follower' on social media platforms, though the verb 'atba‘a' or 'tāba‘a' is more commonly used for the action itself.

هذا القسم تابع لوزارة الصحة.

Translation: This department is affiliated with (subject to) the Ministry of Health.

القرية تابعة للمدينة الكبيرة.

Translation: The village is subordinate to the large city.

هو عضو تابع للحزب.

Translation: He is a member affiliated with the party.

هذه الشركة تابعة لمجموعة دولية.

Translation: This company is a subsidiary of an international group.

القمر جسم تابع للأرض.

Translation: The moon is a satellite (body following/subject to) the Earth.

Using تابع correctly requires an understanding of its syntactic role as an adjective that often functions like a relational bridge. Because it implies a connection between two entities—the subordinate and the superior—it is frequently paired with the preposition لـ (li), which means 'to' or 'for'. This construction creates a possessive or affiliative link. For example, 'al-maktab al-tābi‘ li-al-sharikah' (the office affiliated with the company). In everyday speech, it is used to clarify who is in charge or where something belongs in a hierarchy. It is not just about physical location, but about administrative and legal ownership. When you use this word, you are defining the boundaries of authority.

Agreement: Remember that 'tābi‘' follows the standard rules of Arabic adjectives. If you are describing a 'sharikah' (company - feminine), you must use 'tābi‘ah'. If you are describing a 'markaz' (center - masculine), you use 'tābi‘'.
Positioning: It usually comes after the noun it modifies. 'Al-muwazzaf al-tābi‘' (The subordinate employee). However, in complex sentences, it can act as a predicate: 'Hādhā al-muwazzaf tābi‘ li...' (This employee is subordinate to...).
Pluralization: The plural is 'tābi‘ūn' (masculine sound plural) or 'tawābi‘' (broken plural, often used for things like satellites or followers in a more abstract sense).

هل أنت تابع لهذا الفريق؟

Translation: Do you belong to (are you affiliated with) this team?

You will encounter تابع in a variety of formal and semi-formal settings. It is a staple of bureaucratic language, legal documents, and news broadcasting. In a government building, you might see signs for 'al-idārah al-tābi‘ah li...' (the administration belonging to...). In the news, you will hear about 'al-fāṣīl al-tābi‘ li...' (the faction affiliated with...). It is also common in academic writing when discussing history or geography, such as 'the territories subject to the Ottoman Empire'. Even in astronomy, the moon is referred to as a 'tābi‘' of the Earth. It is a word that signifies order and structure in the world.

News Media: Used to describe political affiliations or military units. 'Forces affiliated with the government' (al-quwwāt al-tābi‘ah lil-hukūmah).
Business: Crucial for corporate structures. 'Subsidiary company' is 'sharikah tābi‘ah'.

أعلنت القوات التابعة للمعارضة عن هدنة.

Translation: The forces affiliated with the opposition announced a truce.

One of the most frequent errors learners make with تابع is confusing it with the verb 'tāba‘a' (to follow/continue). While they share the same root, 'tābi‘' is an adjective/noun describing a state, while 'tāba‘a' is an action. Another mistake is forgetting the preposition 'li'. You cannot simply say 'sharikah tābi‘ah al-hukūmah'; you must say 'sharikah tābi‘ah lil-hukūmah'. Additionally, learners often struggle with the distinction between 'tābi‘' (subordinate) and 'muwāfī' (loyal) or 'khādi‘' (subjugated). 'Tābi‘' is more about structural affiliation than emotional loyalty or forceful oppression.

Mistake 1: Preposition Omission: Incorrect: هو تابع الشركة. Correct: هو تابع للشركة. (He is affiliated with the company).
Mistake 2: Gender Mismatch: Incorrect: هذه المؤسسة تابع لـ... Correct: هذه المؤسسة تابعة لـ... (This institution is affiliated with...).

Understanding تابع becomes easier when compared to its synonyms and related terms. While 'tābi‘' implies a structural link, other words might imply different types of following. For example, 'mu’ayyid' means a supporter, which is more about opinion than structural dependency. 'Mamlūk' means owned, which is a much stronger form of subjection than 'tābi‘'. 'Far‘ī' means branch-like or secondary, often used for technical details rather than people or organizations.

Tābi‘ vs. Mulhaq: 'Tābi‘' implies a hierarchy or dependency. 'Mulhaq' (attached/annexed) implies something added on, like an attachment to an email or an annex to a building.
Tābi‘ vs. Khādi‘: 'Khādi‘' means 'subject to' in the sense of being under someone's power or control (often by force), whereas 'tābi‘' is more administrative.

How Formal Is It?

难度评级

需要掌握的语法

Adjective-Noun Agreement

The Preposition 'Li'

Active Participles (Ism al-Fa'il)

Idafa Construction

Grammatical Tawābi‘ (Adjectives, Emphasis, etc.)

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按水平分级的例句

هذا المحل تابع للسوق.

This shop is affiliated with the market.

Masculine singular adjective.

أنا تابع لهذا النادي.

I am a member of (affiliated with) this club.

Used with the preposition 'li'.

السيارة تابعة للشركة.

The car belongs to the company.

Feminine singular adjective matching 'sayyārah'.

هل أنت تابع للمدرسة؟

Do you belong to the school?

Question form.

هذا الكتاب تابع للمكتبة.

This book belongs to the library.

Simple affiliation.

القطة تابعة للجيران.

The cat belongs to the neighbors.

Feminine form.

هذا المكتب تابع لمديري.

This office belongs to my manager.

Possessive affiliation.

نحن تابعون لهذا الفريق.

We are followers of this team.

Masculine plural form.

المصنع تابع لشركة كبيرة.

The factory is a subsidiary of a large company.

Administrative affiliation.

هذه القرية تابعة للمدينة.

This village is subordinate to the city.

Geographical dependency.

كل فرع تابع للمركز الرئيسي.

Every branch is affiliated with the main center.

Use of 'kull' (every).

هل هذه الأرض تابعة للدولة؟

Does this land belong to the state?

Legal ownership.

الموظف تابع لقسم الحسابات.

The employee is affiliated with the accounting department.

Organizational structure.

هذا الموقع تابع لوزارة التعليم.

This website belongs to the Ministry of Education.

Digital affiliation.

اللاعب تابع للمنتخب الوطني.

The player is affiliated with the national team.

Professional affiliation.

هذه الحديقة تابعة للبلدية.

This park belongs to the municipality.

Public ownership.

القمر هو تابع طبيعي للأرض.

The moon is a natural satellite of the Earth.

Scientific use meaning satellite.

هذه المؤسسة تابعة لمنظمة دولية.

This institution is affiliated with an international organization.

International context.

الميليشيا تابعة لجهة مجهولة.

The militia is affiliated with an unknown party.

Political/Security context.

كل تابع يجب أن يطيع قائده.

Every follower must obey his leader.

Noun usage meaning follower.

هذا الإقليم تابع للسيادة الوطنية.

This territory is subject to national sovereignty.

Political geography.

الشركة التابعة سجلت أرباحاً كبيرة.

The subsidiary company recorded large profits.

Business terminology.

المبنى تابع للأوقاف الإسلامية.

The building belongs to the Islamic Endowments.

Religious/Legal context.

هو مجرد تابع لا يملك قراراً.

He is just a follower who has no decision-making power.

Metaphorical use for lack of autonomy.

في النحو، النعت هو تابع للمنعوت.

In grammar, the adjective is a follower of the noun it modifies.

Technical grammatical term.

كانت هذه الدولة تابعة للإمبراطورية.

This state was a vassal to the empire.

Historical context.

المسؤولية تقع على القائد والتابع.

Responsibility lies with the leader and the follower.

Legal/Ethical context.

هذه القضية تابعة لاختصاص المحكمة العليا.

This case is subject to the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court.

Legal jurisdiction.

البرنامج تابع لنظام التشغيل.

The program is dependent on the operating system.

Technical dependency.

لا تكن تابعاً لأفكار الآخرين دون تفكير.

Do not be a follower of others' ideas without thinking.

Intellectual independence.

الأقمار الصناعية تابعة لشبكة اتصالات.

The satellites are part of a communication network.

Modern technology.

هذه الوثيقة تابعة للملف السري.

This document belongs to the secret file.

Administrative classification.

يعتبر التابعون الجيل الثاني بعد الصحابة.

The Tabi'un are considered the second generation after the Companions.

Specific religious historical term.

العلاقة بين المركز والتابع علاقة معقدة.

The relationship between the center and the periphery is complex.

Political science terminology.

السيادة التابعة تثير تساؤلات قانونية.

Subordinate sovereignty raises legal questions.

Advanced legal theory.

الفكر التابع يفتقر إلى الإبداع الأصيل.

Derivative (follower) thought lacks original creativity.

Philosophical critique.

تظل هذه الجزر تابعة للتاج البريطاني.

These islands remain subject to the British Crown.

Diplomatic language.

التابع في المنطق يتبع المقدمة.

The consequent in logic follows the premise.

Logic/Philosophy.

هذه الحركات تابعة لأيديولوجيا معينة.

These movements are affiliated with a specific ideology.

Sociopolitical analysis.

التبعية الاقتصادية تجعل القرار تابعاً للخارج.

Economic dependency makes the decision subject to external factors.

Economic theory.

إن مفهوم 'التابع' في دراسات ما بعد الاستعمار مركزي.

The concept of the 'Subaltern' (Tabi‘) is central in post-colonial studies.

Academic jargon (Spivak's Subaltern).

تتلاشى إرادة التابع في إرادة المتبوع.

The will of the subordinate dissolves into the will of the superior.

Mystical/Philosophical depth.

الوجود التابع هو وجود مفتقر بذاته.

Dependent existence is an existence lacking in itself.

Ontological terminology.

تعتبر هذه الصلاحيات تابعة وليست أصيلة.

These powers are considered derivative and not inherent.

Constitutional law.

لا يمكن فصل التابع عن متبوعه في هذا السياق.

The follower cannot be separated from the followed in this context.

Abstract relationship.

التبعية هنا ليست مجرد خضوع بل اندماج.

Subordination here is not mere submission but integration.

Nuanced analysis.

يتم تحليل الخطاب التابع للكشف عن الهيمنة.

Subordinate discourse is analyzed to reveal hegemony.

Critical theory.

تظل الذات تابعة لضرورات الطبيعة.

The self remains subject to the necessities of nature.

Existential philosophy.

常见搭配

شركة تابعة (Subsidiary company)

قسم تابع (Affiliated department)

إقليم تابع (Subordinate territory)

عضو تابع (Affiliated member)

جسم تابع (Satellite body)

جهة تابعة (Affiliated party)

مكتب تابع (Branch office)

قرية تابعة (Subordinate village)

حزب تابع (Affiliated party)

قوات تابعة (Affiliated forces)

常用短语

تابع لـ (Affiliated with)

غير تابع (Non-affiliated)

بشكل تابع (In a subordinate manner)

كيان تابع (Subordinate entity)

موظف تابع (Subordinate employee)

فرع تابع (Affiliated branch)

موقع تابع (Affiliated site)

نظام تابع (Dependent system)

عنصر تابع (Dependent element)

دولة تابعة (Vassal state)

容易混淆的词

تابع vs تَابَعَ (Tāba‘a) - Verb: To continue

تابع vs تَبَع (Taba‘) - Noun: Following/Consequence

تابع vs تَتَابُع (Tatābu‘) - Noun: Succession

习语与表达

"تابع ومتبوع (Follower and followed - relationship of dependency)"

"إمعة (A blind follower - derogatory, related concept)"

"ذيل (Tail - idiomatically used for a low-level follower)"

"يد يمنى (Right hand - often a loyal 'tābi‘')"

"ظل لشخص (Someone's shadow - a constant follower)"

"على خطى (In the footsteps of - following someone)"

"تحت جناح (Under the wing of - being a 'tābi‘')"

"خاتم في إصبع (Ring on a finger - completely controlled)"

"عبد المأمور (Slave to orders - extreme 'tābi‘')"

"يسير في ركابه (To walk in someone's retinue)"

容易混淆

تابع vs خاضع

Khādi‘ implies submission/force; Tābi‘ implies administrative link.

تابع vs فرعي

Far‘ī means a branch (like a road); Tābi‘ means the entity itself is subordinate.

تابع vs مرتبط

Murtabit is just 'linked'; Tābi‘ is 'under authority'.

تابع vs موال

Muwālin is political loyalty; Tābi‘ is structural.

تابع vs زميل

Zamīl is a colleague (equal); Tābi‘ is a subordinate.

句型

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如何使用

nuance

Less forceful than 'subjected' (khādi‘).

preposition

Requires 'li' for affiliation.

常见错误

Saying 'tābi‘' without 'li'.
Using 'tābi‘' for 'next' (use 'tālī' instead).
Confusing 'tābi‘' (adjective) with 'tāba‘a' (verb).
Forgetting to pluralize it correctly for people ('tābi‘ūn').
Using it to mean 'loyal' in a purely emotional sense.

小贴士

Gender Agreement

Always match 'tābi‘' with the gender of the noun. 'Al-idārah' (fem) needs 'tābi‘ah'.

Business Arabic

In business, 'tābi‘' is the standard word for subsidiaries and branches.

Historical Context

Learn about the 'Tabi'un' to impress native speakers with your historical knowledge.

Preposition 'Li'

Never forget the 'li'. It's the bridge that makes the sentence work.

The Ayin

Practice the 'Ayin' sound at the end; it's subtle but important for clarity.

Formal Reports

Use 'tābi‘' when describing organizational charts in Arabic.

News Keywords

When you hear 'tābi‘', listen for the name of the ministry or group that follows.

Clarifying Roles

Use it to explain which department you belong to in a professional setting.

The Shadow

Imagine a shadow following a person; the shadow is 'tābi‘' to the person.

Grammatical Terms

In advanced grammar, 'tawābi‘' are words that follow the case of the preceding word.

记住它

词源

Semitic root T-B-C

文化背景

Loyalty to a 'matbū‘' (leader) is a traditional tribal value.

The Tabi'un are the second most important generation in Sunni Islam.

在生活中练习

真实语境

对话开场白

"هل هذا المكتب تابع للشركة؟"

"أي قسم أنت تابع له؟"

"هل تعتقد أن هذه الدولة تابعة سياسياً؟"

"من هم التابعون في التاريخ الإسلامي؟"

"هل القمر تابع للأرض أم العكس؟"

日记主题

Describe an organization you are affiliated with (tābi‘ li).

Write about the importance of independence vs. being a follower.

Discuss a time you felt like a 'tābi‘' to someone else's decisions.

常见问题

10 个问题

Yes, in modern contexts, 'tābi‘' (plural 'mutābi‘ūn') is used for social media followers, though 'mutābi‘' is more common.

It can be both. As an adjective: 'sharikah tābi‘ah'. As a noun: 'huwa tābi‘' (He is a follower).

For people, it is 'tābi‘ūn'. For things like satellites or grammatical terms, it is 'tawābi‘'.

Legally, children are 'atbā‘' (dependents), but in normal speech, you use 'atfāl'.

'Tābi‘' is subordinate; 'mulhaq' is an attachment or an annex.

Use 'sharikah tābi‘ah'.

Yes, derivatives of the root appear frequently to describe following guidance or people.

Not usually. 'Al-tālī' is used for 'next' in a sequence.

Yes, it is very common in formal, legal, and administrative Arabic.

It can if you call someone 'just a follower' (mujarrad tābi‘), implying they lack independent thought.

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