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beurteilen

B1 verb #3,000 最常用 12分钟阅读

beurteilen

前3,000

开始练习例句笔记与提示 beurteilen 30秒了解

解析 beurteilen in your Level:

At the A1 level, you do not need to use the word 'beurteilen' very often, as it is quite complex. However, it is useful to recognize it when you hear others talk about opinions. At this stage, you usually use simpler words like 'finden' (to find/think) or 'gut/schlecht' (good/bad). For example, instead of saying 'I judge the food to be good,' you would just say 'Ich finde das Essen gut.' You might hear a teacher say 'Ich beurteile deine Hausaufgaben' (I am judging/checking your homework), but you don't need to worry about the deep analytical meaning yet. Just remember that it is a formal way to say someone is looking at something and forming an opinion. If you see it in a text, think of it as 'to look at and say what you think.' It is a regular verb in the present tense, so 'ich beurteile' follows the same pattern as 'ich lerne.' Don't worry about the past tense yet, but know that 'be-' at the start means you don't add 'ge-' later. This is a good word to keep in the back of your mind as you progress toward more advanced topics.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to express more detailed opinions, and 'beurteilen' becomes a helpful word for talking about school, work, or simple social situations. You might use it to say 'I cannot judge that' (Das kann ich nicht beurteilen) when someone asks for your opinion on a topic you don't know much about. This is a very common and polite phrase in German. You should also start noticing that 'beurteilen' is always used with the Accusative case. For example, 'Ich beurteile den Film' (I judge the movie). You might also see it in simple news reports or instructions. At this level, you should focus on the present tense and the basic meaning of 'to evaluate.' It is slightly more formal than 'meinen' or 'denken.' When you use 'beurteilen,' you sound a bit more serious and thoughtful. It is also important to distinguish it from 'bewerten' (to grade or rate), which you might use when talking about your grades in school or ratings on a website. 'Beurteilen' is the thinking part, while 'bewerten' is the final mark you give.

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At the B1 level, 'beurteilen' is a core vocabulary word that you should be able to use actively. You are now expected to participate in discussions about work, current events, and personal experiences where simple 'good' or 'bad' labels are not enough. You will use 'beurteilen' to describe how you evaluate a situation, a person's behavior, or a professional project. For instance, in a job interview, you might be asked: 'Wie beurteilen Sie Ihren Erfolg?' (How do you judge your success?). You should also be comfortable using the past tense (Perfekt) form 'hat beurteilt' and the infinitive with 'zu' (e.g., 'Es ist schwer zu beurteilen'). At this stage, you should also learn common adverbs that go with it, like 'objektiv,' 'kritisch,' or 'gerecht.' You are moving beyond simple opinions and into the realm of analysis. You should also be careful not to confuse 'beurteilen' with 'verurteilen' (to condemn), as this is a common mistake that can change the meaning of your sentence from an evaluation to a moral attack. B1 is the level where you start to use 'beurteilen' to show that you are a critical and logical thinker in German.

At the B2 level, 'beurteilen' is used frequently in both spoken and written German, especially in formal and professional contexts. You should be able to use it to evaluate complex arguments, social developments, or artistic works. You will often encounter it in the passive voice in reports or newspapers (e.g., 'Die Lage wird als stabil beurteilt'). At this level, you should also master the nuances between 'beurteilen' and its synonyms like 'einschätzen' (to assess/estimate) or 'abwägen' (to weigh up). You might use 'beurteilen' in a debate to explain your reasoning: 'Wenn man alle Faktoren beurteilt, kommt man zu dem Schluss, dass...' Furthermore, you should be able to use it with various subordinate clauses, such as those starting with 'ob,' 'wie,' or 'inwieweit.' Your ability to use 'beurteilen' correctly shows that you can handle abstract concepts and provide a structured analysis. You should also be aware of the noun form 'die Beurteilung' (the assessment/evaluation) and use it in professional settings, such as 'Leistungsbeurteilung' (performance review). This is a level where precision in your choice of evaluative verbs becomes very important.

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At the C1 level, you use 'beurteilen' with high precision and in highly abstract contexts. You are expected to understand and use it in academic writing, legal discussions, and high-level business negotiations. You will use it to discuss the validity of scientific theories, the nuances of legal precedents, or the long-term impact of socio-political movements. At this level, you should be familiar with sophisticated collocations like 'abschließend beurteilen' (to judge conclusively) or 'fachmännisch beurteilen' (to judge expertly). You will also encounter 'beurteilen' in complex grammatical structures, such as the extended adjective construction (e.g., 'die schwer zu beurteilende Situation'). You should be able to navigate the subtle differences between 'beurteilen,' 'begutachten,' and 'evaluieren' with ease, choosing the one that perfectly fits the professional register of your conversation or text. Your use of 'beurteilen' should reflect a deep understanding of the evidentiary basis of your statements. You are no longer just giving an opinion; you are providing a reasoned, authoritative judgment. You should also be able to analyze how others 'beurteilen' things, critiquing their criteria or methodology.

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At the C2 level, 'beurteilen' is a tool for masterful and nuanced expression. You use it with the ease of a native speaker, understanding all its historical and stylistic connotations. You can use it in literary analysis to discuss how a narrator judges their characters, or in philosophical discourse to explore the nature of judgment itself. You are comfortable using the word in all its forms, including the subjunctive (Konjunktiv) for hypothetical evaluations (e.g., 'Wie man die Situation auch beurteilen mag...'). At this level, you can also play with the word's proximity to 'Urteil' (verdict), using it to create powerful rhetorical effects in speeches or essays. You understand the subtle shift in tone when using 'beurteilen' instead of more modern loanwords like 'evaluieren,' using the former to sound more traditional or grounded in human reason. You can also detect and use irony or sarcasm with the word, such as 'beurteilen' something that is obviously beyond judgment. Your mastery of this word signifies a complete integration into the German linguistic and intellectual landscape, where the ability to provide a clear, reasoned 'Beurteilung' is highly valued.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

beurteilen 30秒了解

Beurteilen means to judge or evaluate something based on facts and analysis rather than just simple feelings or preferences in a casual way.
It is a transitive verb that always takes an accusative object and follows the rules of inseparable weak verbs in German grammar without exceptions.
Commonly used in professional, legal, and academic settings to describe performance reviews, court verdicts, scientific evaluations, or critical reviews of artistic works.
It differs from 'verurteilen' (to condemn) and 'bewerten' (to rate), focusing more on the qualitative mental process of arriving at a reasoned conclusion.

The German verb beurteilen is a sophisticated and essential word that translates primarily to 'to judge,' 'to assess,' or 'to evaluate.' Unlike simple opinion-forming, beurteilen implies a process of critical thinking, observation, and reaching a conclusion based on available evidence or specific criteria. It is a transitive verb, meaning it always requires a direct object in the accusative case—the thing or person being judged. At its core, the word is built from the noun das Urteil (the judgment or verdict) and the prefix be-, which often indicates that an action is being applied to an object in a comprehensive or systematic way. In everyday German life, you will encounter this word in professional settings, academic discussions, and social contexts where a thoughtful evaluation is required rather than just a gut feeling.

Professional Context: Managers use this word when assessing the performance of their employees during annual reviews. It suggests a formal and objective process.

Es ist schwierig, die Situation aus der Ferne objektiv zu beurteilen.

When you use beurteilen, you are signaling that you are looking at the facts. For instance, a doctor might judge a patient's condition, or a critic might judge a new film. It is less about 'liking' or 'disliking' (which would be finden or mögen) and more about 'analyzing' and 'determining the quality' of something. In legal contexts, it is the fundamental action of a judge or an expert witness. However, in personal life, it often appears in the negative, such as 'I cannot judge that,' which serves as a polite way to say you do not have enough information to form a valid opinion.

Man sollte einen Menschen niemals nach seinem Äußeren beurteilen.

Academic Context: In university essays, students are often asked to 'beurteilen' a specific theory, which means they must weigh the pros and cons systematically.

Der Lehrer muss die Leistung der Schüler gerecht beurteilen.

Furthermore, the word carries a weight of responsibility. To judge someone or something implies that your evaluation has consequences. This is why it is frequently used in discussions about ethics, art criticism, and scientific peer reviews. Unlike the related word bewerten, which often focuses on a numerical value or a grade, beurteilen is broader and more qualitative. It encompasses the entire mental process of arriving at a conclusion.

Wie beurteilen Sie die aktuelle politische Lage in Europa?

Social Interaction: When friends ask for your opinion on a complex matter, using 'beurteilen' shows that you are taking their question seriously and thinking deeply about it.

Ich kann das erst beurteilen, wenn ich alle Fakten kenne.

Overall, mastering this word allows you to participate in higher-level German conversations where nuance and objective analysis are valued over simple preferences.

Using beurteilen correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical structure and the nuances of the German case system. As a transitive verb, it always takes a direct object in the Accusative (Akkusativ) case. For example, in the sentence 'Ich beurteile den Plan,' 'den Plan' is the masculine singular accusative object. If you are judging a person, you would say 'Ich beurteile ihn.' The word does not change its basic meaning across different tenses, but it follows the pattern of weak verbs. In the present tense, it is conjugated regularly: ich beurteile, du beurteilst, er/sie/es beurteilt. In the conversational past (Perfekt), it uses the auxiliary verb haben and the past participle beurteilt. Note that because it has an inseparable prefix be-, it does not take the -ge- prefix in the past participle.

Grammar Rule: No 'ge-': Verbs starting with 'be-' are inseparable. Therefore, the past participle is simply 'beurteilt,' not 'gebeurteilt.'

Hast du seine Arbeit schon beurteilt? (Have you already judged his work?)

When constructing sentences, beurteilen often pairs with adverbs that describe the manner of judgment. Common adverbs include objektiv (objectively), subjektiv (subjectively), kritisch (critically), vorsichtig (cautiously), or gerecht (fairly). These adverbs provide the listener with more information about the quality of the evaluation. Another common structure involves using 'beurteilen' with a subordinate clause introduced by ob (whether) or a question word like wie (how) or warum (why). For instance, 'Wir müssen beurteilen, ob das Projekt erfolgreich war.' This allows for more complex logical constructions.

Es ist schwer zu beurteilen, wer im Recht ist.

Sentence Pattern: zu + beurteilen: The infinitive with 'zu' is very common after adjectives like 'schwer' (hard), 'leicht' (easy), or 'unmöglich' (impossible).

Die Experten konnten den Schaden noch nicht genau beurteilen.

In passive constructions, which are frequent in formal reports, you might see: 'Die Situation wurde von den Fachleuten beurteilt.' This shifts the focus from who is doing the judging to the judgment itself.

Können Sie beurteilen, wie viel Zeit wir benötigen werden?

Usage with Prepositions: While often used without a preposition, 'beurteilen' can be followed by 'hinsichtlich' (regarding) to specify the aspect being judged.

Das Produkt wurde hinsichtlich seiner Sicherheit beurteilt.

By varying these patterns, you can express everything from a simple opinion to a complex professional evaluation with precision and clarity.

You will hear beurteilen in a wide variety of real-world German environments, ranging from high-stakes professional meetings to casual evening news broadcasts. In the workplace, it is a staple of 'Mitarbeitergespräche' (employee performance reviews). A boss might say, 'Ich muss Ihre Leistung im letzten Quartal beurteilen.' In this context, the word carries an air of authority and professional distance. It is also extremely common in the world of finance and economics. Market analysts on television or in newspapers frequently 'beurteilen' the current state of the stock market or the impact of a new government policy. They might say, 'Analysten beurteilen die Fusion der beiden Banken als riskant.'

Media and Journalism: News anchors use this word to distance themselves from a personal opinion, attributing the judgment to experts or the public.

Die Presse beurteilt den neuen Gesetzesentwurf sehr kritisch.

In the legal system, beurteilen is indispensable. Judges, lawyers, and legal experts spend their entire careers judging facts, behaviors, and the application of laws. A judge must 'den Sachverhalt beurteilen' (judge the facts of the case) before reaching a 'Urteil' (verdict). Even outside the courtroom, in police reports or insurance claims, you will find this word used to describe the assessment of an accident or a crime. In the arts and entertainment world, critics 'beurteilen' new books, plays, and exhibitions. If you listen to a podcast about cinema, you will hear the hosts discussing how to judge a director's latest work. They might debate whether a film should be judged by its entertainment value or its artistic merit.

Kritiker beurteilen das Werk als einen Meilenstein der modernen Kunst.

Sports Commentary: Commentators often judge a player's form or a referee's decision. 'Wie beurteilen Sie den Elfmeter?' (How do you judge the penalty kick?)

Der Schiedsrichter musste die Situation in Sekundenbruchteilen beurteilen.

Finally, in everyday conversation, it is used whenever someone wants to avoid being rash. You might hear someone say, 'Das kann ich im Moment nicht beurteilen,' which is a sophisticated way of saying 'I don't know yet' or 'I need more time to think.' This makes the word a useful tool for maintaining a level of intellectual humility and precision in your speech.

Man kann den Erfolg einer Therapie erst nach Wochen beurteilen.

Science and Research: Scientists judge the validity of data or the significance of a finding. 'Die Forscher beurteilen die Ergebnisse als statistisch signifikant.'

By paying attention to these different domains, you will see that 'beurteilen' is much more than just 'to have an opinion'—it is the verb of the thinking mind.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using beurteilen is confusing it with similar-sounding or related verbs like verurteilen, bewerten, or meinen. The most critical confusion is with verurteilen. While beurteilen is a neutral act of evaluation, verurteilen means 'to condemn' or 'to sentence.' If you say 'Ich verurteile ihn,' you are saying he is guilty or bad; if you say 'Ich beurteile ihn,' you are simply assessing him (perhaps for a job). Mixing these up can lead to significant social awkwardness or misunderstandings in legal or professional contexts.

Mistake: Beurteilen vs. Verurteilen: Never say 'verurteilen' if you just mean to give an opinion. 'Verurteilen' is for criminals or moral condemnation.

Falsch: Der Lehrer hat den Schüler zum Sitzenbleiben beurteilt. (Correct: verurteilt, or better: entschieden).

Another common error is using beurteilen when bewerten would be more appropriate. While they are close, bewerten often implies a more technical, mathematical, or standardized evaluation, like grading a test or valuing a house. Use beurteilen for more complex, qualitative situations. For example, you 'bewerten' a car's price, but you 'beurteilen' its overall reliability and suitability for your family. Grammar-wise, many learners forget that beurteilen is an inseparable verb. They might try to say 'gebeurteilt' in the past tense, which is incorrect. The correct form is always 'beurteilt.' Similarly, in a 'zu' infinitive construction, 'zu' must come before the whole word: 'zu beurteilen,' not 'be-zu-urteilen.'

Richtig: Das ist schwer zu beurteilen.

Mistake: Case Usage: Learners sometimes use the dative case. 'Beurteilen' always requires the Accusative. It is 'jemanden (Akk) beurteilen.'

Falsch: Ich beurteile ihm. (Correct: Ich beurteile ihn).

Another nuance is the difference between beurteilen and einschätzen. Einschätzen is more like 'to estimate' or 'to size someone up.' You 'einschätzen' how long a trip will take or how dangerous someone looks. Beurteilen is more formal and final. Using 'beurteilen' for a quick guess can sound overly formal or even arrogant.

Wie beurteilen Sie die Risiken dieses Plans?

Mistake: Word Order in Subordinate Clauses: When using 'beurteilen' with 'ob' or 'wie,' remember that the verb goes to the end of the clause.

Ich weiß nicht, wie ich das beurteilen soll.

Lastly, avoid using 'beurteilen' as a synonym for 'to think' (meinen/denken). You don't 'beurteilen' that the weather is nice; you 'find' the weather nice. Use 'beurteilen' only when there is a real assessment taking place. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your German sound much more natural and precise.

To truly master beurteilen, you must understand its place within a family of similar German verbs, each with its own specific flavor. The most common alternative is bewerten. As mentioned before, bewerten is often used for 'evaluating' or 'rating.' It comes from der Wert (value). You 'bewerten' things on a scale or in terms of money. If you are on Amazon looking at star ratings, those are 'Bewertungen.'

Comparison: Beurteilen vs. Bewerten: 'Beurteilen' focuses on the mental process and qualitative judgment. 'Bewerten' focuses on the final value or score assigned.

Der Experte muss den Wert des Hauses bewerten.

Another close synonym is einschätzen. This translates to 'to assess' or 'to estimate.' It is slightly more subjective and often relates to a quick initial impression or a prediction of future behavior. You might 'einschätzen' how dangerous a situation is before deciding to enter it. It is less formal than 'beurteilen.' Then there is begutachten. This verb is very specific; it means 'to inspect' or 'to examine' as an expert. If a mechanic looks at your car to see if it's safe, he is 'begutachten' it. It implies a physical or highly technical inspection.

Ein Sachverständiger wird die Schäden am Gebäude begutachten.

Comparison: Beurteilen vs. Begutachten: 'Begutachten' involves looking at something closely (inspection). 'Beurteilen' involves thinking about something (judgment).

For more formal or academic contexts, you might use evaluieren. This is a loanword from Latin/French and is used specifically in scientific, educational, or business management contexts to describe the systematic evaluation of a program or process.

Die Universität wird das neue Lehrprogramm am Ende des Semesters evaluieren.

If you want to say 'to weigh up' options, use abwägen. This is often used when you have two or more choices and are judging which is better. It literally means 'to weigh.'

Wir müssen die Vor- und Nachteile sorgfältig abwägen.

Comparison: Beurteilen vs. Abwägen: 'Abwägen' is specifically about comparing different factors or choices. 'Beurteilen' is about forming a final opinion on one thing.

Lastly, for purely moral judgments, remember verurteilen (to condemn) and missbilligen (to disapprove). Choosing the right word from this set will demonstrate a high level of German proficiency and allow you to express precise nuances of thought.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The English word 'ordeal' is actually a linguistic cousin of the German word 'Urteil.' An 'ordeal' was originally a type of trial or judgment by fire or water.

发音指南

UK /bəˈʔʊʁtaɪ̯lən/

US /bəˈʔʊrˌtaɪlən/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: be-UR-tei-len.

押韵词

verteilen verweilen beeilen teilen heilen pfeilen seilen weilen

常见错误

Stressing the first syllable 'be-'. In German, 'be-' is always unstressed.
Pronouncing 'eu' like the English 'you'. It should be 'oy' as in 'boy'.
Forgetting the glottal stop between 'be-' and 'ur-'.
Pronouncing the final 'n' too strongly; it should be a light nasal sound.
Mixing up the 'ei' sound (like 'eye') with the 'ie' sound (like 'ee').

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Common in newspapers and books, easy to recognize once you know 'Urteil'.

写作 4/5

Requires correct use of the accusative and understanding the prefix 'be-'.

口语 4/5

Slightly formal, requires practice to use naturally in conversation.

听力 3/5

Clearly pronounced, usually easy to hear in news or professional contexts.

接下来学什么

前置知识

das Urteil finden meinen denken gut/schlecht

接下来学习

bewerten einschätzen verurteilen abwägen begutachten

高级

die Urteilskraft die Evaluation die Expertise normativ deskriptiv

需要掌握的语法

Inseparable Prefixes

The prefix 'be-' is inseparable. In the past participle, there is no 'ge-'. Example: beurteilt.

Transitive Verbs and Accusative

'Beurteilen' requires a direct object in the accusative case. Example: Ich beurteile den (Akk) Film.

Infinitive with 'zu'

When used after adjectives like 'schwer,' 'zu' comes before the verb. Example: schwer zu beurteilen.

Subordinate Clause Word Order

When using 'beurteilen' in a clause with 'ob' or 'wie,' the conjugated verb goes to the end. Example: ... ob ich das beurteilen kann.

Passive Voice

In the passive voice, the object becomes the subject. Example: Die Lage wird beurteilt.

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按水平分级的例句

Ich kann das nicht beurteilen.

I cannot judge that.

Simple present tense with modal verb 'kann'.

Beurteilen Sie das Foto.

Judge the photo.

Imperative form (Sie-form).

Er beurteilt meine Arbeit.

He judges my work.

Third person singular present tense.

Wir beurteilen den Wein.

We are judging the wine.

First person plural present tense.

Wie beurteilst du das Buch?

How do you judge the book?

Question form with 'du'.

Sie beurteilt die Farben.

She judges the colors.

Third person singular (feminine).

Ich beurteile das jetzt.

I am judging that now.

Present tense with temporal adverb 'jetzt'.

Können Sie mich beurteilen?

Can you judge me?

Accusative object 'mich'.

Es ist schwer, den Plan zu beurteilen.

It is hard to judge the plan.

Infinitive with 'zu'.

Der Lehrer beurteilt unsere Tests.

The teacher judges our tests.

Accusative plural 'unsere Tests'.

Ich habe die Situation falsch beurteilt.

I judged the situation wrongly.

Perfect tense (Perfekt) with 'habe ... beurteilt'.

Man darf Menschen nicht nach dem Aussehen beurteilen.

One must not judge people by their appearance.

Passive-like meaning with 'man' and modal verb 'darf'.

Können Sie die Qualität beurteilen?

Can you judge the quality?

Accusative feminine 'die Qualität'.

Er beurteilt alles sehr streng.

He judges everything very strictly.

Adverb 'streng' modifying the verb.

Wir müssen das Ergebnis beurteilen.

We must judge the result.

Modal verb 'müssen' with infinitive.

Wie hat sie das Spiel beurteilt?

How did she judge the game?

Perfect tense question.

Wie beurteilen Sie die Chancen für unser Projekt?

How do you judge the chances for our project?

Formal address 'Sie' in a professional context.

Es ist wichtig, die Risiken vorsichtig zu beurteilen.

It is important to judge the risks cautiously.

Adverbial usage with 'vorsichtig'.

Der Chef beurteilt die Leistung der Mitarbeiter einmal im Jahr.

The boss evaluates the performance of the employees once a year.

Genitive attribute 'der Mitarbeiter'.

Ich kann noch nicht beurteilen, ob das funktioniert.

I cannot judge yet whether that works.

Subordinate clause introduced by 'ob'.

Die Jury beurteilt die Talente der Teilnehmer.

The jury judges the talents of the participants.

Collective noun 'die Jury' as subject.

Man sollte die Lage objektiv beurteilen.

One should judge the situation objectively.

Modal verb 'sollte' (subjunctive II for advice).

Wie beurteilt die Presse den neuen Film?

How does the press judge the new film?

Subject 'die Presse' (the press).

Ich habe versucht, die Kosten fair zu beurteilen.

I tried to judge the costs fairly.

Perfect tense of 'versuchen' with infinitive clause.

Die Experten beurteilen die wirtschaftliche Lage als kritisch.

The experts judge the economic situation as critical.

Usage of 'als' to specify the result of the judgment.

Es fällt mir schwer, seine Absichten zu beurteilen.

I find it difficult to judge his intentions.

Fixed expression 'es fällt mir schwer'.

Können Sie beurteilen, inwieweit diese Maßnahmen helfen?

Can you judge to what extent these measures help?

Subordinate clause with 'inwieweit'.

Das Gericht muss beurteilen, ob der Angeklagte schuldig ist.

The court must judge whether the defendant is guilty.

Legal context with 'das Gericht'.

Die Qualität der Ausbildung lässt sich schwer beurteilen.

The quality of the training is hard to judge.

Reflexive construction 'lässt sich ... beurteilen' for passive meaning.

Wir beurteilten die Situation aufgrund der vorliegenden Fakten.

We judged the situation based on the available facts.

Simple past tense (Präteritum) 'beurteilten'.

Wie beurteilen Sie die Auswirkungen des Klimawandels?

How do you judge the effects of climate change?

Abstract noun 'die Auswirkungen' as object.

Es ist unmöglich, den Erfolg im Voraus zu beurteilen.

It is impossible to judge the success in advance.

Temporal phrase 'im Voraus' (in advance).

Es ist verfrüht, die langfristigen Folgen dieser Entscheidung zu beurteilen.

It is premature to judge the long-term consequences of this decision.

Adjective 'verfrüht' (premature) used as a predicate.

Fachleute beurteilen das Risiko einer Inflation derzeit als gering.

Experts currently judge the risk of inflation as low.

Temporal adverb 'derzeit' (currently).

Die Kritiker beurteilten das Werk hinsichtlich seiner Originalität.

The critics judged the work regarding its originality.

Preposition 'hinsichtlich' with genitive case.

Man muss die historischen Umstände beurteilen, um das Ereignis zu verstehen.

One must judge the historical circumstances to understand the event.

Infinitive clause with 'um ... zu' for purpose.

Wie beurteilen Sie die ethischen Implikationen dieser Forschung?

How do you judge the ethical implications of this research?

Complex noun phrase 'die ethischen Implikationen'.

Die Situation wurde von allen Beteiligten unterschiedlich beurteilt.

The situation was judged differently by all those involved.

Passive voice (Vorgangspassiv) in the past.

Es gilt zu beurteilen, ob der Vertrag rechtmäßig ist.

It is necessary to judge whether the contract is legal.

Formal construction 'Es gilt zu ...'.

Wir beurteilen die Lage nach strengen wissenschaftlichen Kriterien.

We judge the situation according to strict scientific criteria.

Preposition 'nach' with dative plural.

Die Tragweite seiner Entdeckungen lässt sich erst heute vollumfänglich beurteilen.

The significance of his discoveries can only today be fully judged.

Sophisticated adverb 'vollumfänglich' (fully/comprehensively).

Inwieweit lässt sich ästhetischer Wert objektiv beurteilen?

To what extent can aesthetic value be objectively judged?

Philosophical question with 'inwieweit'.

Man muss das Gesamtwerk des Autors beurteilen, um seine Genialität zu erfassen.

One must judge the author's complete works to grasp his genius.

Compound noun 'Gesamtwerk'.

Die Gutachter beurteilten die Pläne als architektonisch wegweisend.

The assessors judged the plans as architecturally groundbreaking.

Adjective 'wegweisend' (groundbreaking/pioneering).

Es ist eine Herausforderung, die psychologischen Motive des Täters zu beurteilen.

It is a challenge to judge the psychological motives of the perpetrator.

Abstract psychological context.

Wie beurteilen Sie die Wechselwirkung zwischen Politik und Wirtschaft?

How do you judge the interaction between politics and the economy?

Noun 'Wechselwirkung' (interaction/interplay).

Die Jury beurteilte die Darbietung als technisch brillant, aber emotional kühl.

The jury judged the performance as technically brilliant but emotionally cold.

Contrastive adverbs and adjectives.

Man sollte die Fortschritte der KI nicht vorschnell beurteilen.

One should not judge the progress of AI prematurely.

Adverb 'vorschnell' (hasty/premature).

常见搭配

objektiv beurteilen

kritisch beurteilen

jemanden nach seinem Äußeren beurteilen

die Lage beurteilen

eine Situation beurteilen

fachmännisch beurteilen

eine Leistung beurteilen

abschließend beurteilen

vorsichtig beurteilen

falsch beurteilen

常用短语

Das kann ich nicht beurteilen.

— A polite way to say you don't have enough information to give an opinion. It literally means 'I cannot judge that.'

Wie wird das Wetter morgen? - Das kann ich nicht beurteilen.

Soweit ich das beurteilen kann...

— Used to introduce an opinion while acknowledging your limited knowledge. It means 'As far as I can tell/judge...'

Soweit ich das beurteilen kann, ist der Plan sicher.

Nach bestem Wissen und Gewissen beurteilen.

— To judge something to the best of one's knowledge and conscience. Often used in legal or formal oaths.

Ich werde die Situation nach bestem Wissen und Gewissen beurteilen.

Wie beurteilen Sie das?

— A formal way of asking for someone's opinion or assessment. It means 'How do you judge/evaluate this?'

Das ist ein neues Gesetz. Wie beurteilen Sie das?

Schwer zu beurteilen.

— A common short phrase meaning 'Hard to judge' or 'Difficult to say.'

Wird die Firma Erfolg haben? - Schwer zu beurteilen.

Jemanden gerecht beurteilen.

— To judge someone fairly or justly, often used in school or work contexts.

Es ist die Pflicht des Lehrers, alle Schüler gerecht zu beurteilen.

Die Risiken richtig beurteilen.

— To correctly assess the risks involved in a situation or venture.

Ein guter Unternehmer muss die Risiken richtig beurteilen.

Alles im Zusammenhang beurteilen.

— To judge everything within its context rather than in isolation.

Man muss seine Worte im Zusammenhang beurteilen.

Vorschnell beurteilen.

— To judge too quickly or prematurely without having all the facts.

Bitte beurteilen Sie mich nicht vorschnell.

Etwas als positiv/negativ beurteilen.

— To evaluate something as being positive or negative.

Die meisten Experten beurteilen die Entwicklung als positiv.

容易混淆的词

beurteilen vs verurteilen

Means 'to condemn' or 'to sentence.' Using this instead of 'beurteilen' makes you sound like you are attacking someone morally.

beurteilen vs bewerten

Focuses on the final score or value. 'Beurteilen' focuses on the thinking process behind it.

beurteilen vs urteilen

A more general verb meaning 'to pass judgment.' 'Beurteilen' is more common when you have a specific object you are evaluating.

习语与表达

"Ein Buch nach seinem Einband beurteilen."

— To judge a book by its cover. Just like in English, it means making a judgment based only on appearance.

Man sollte ein Buch nicht nach seinem Einband beurteilen.

informal/neutral

"Jemanden nach seinem Äußeren beurteilen."

— To judge someone based on their looks. This is the German equivalent of the English idiom about people.

Es ist ein Fehler, Menschen nach ihrem Äußeren zu beurteilen.

neutral

"Die Lage peilen."

— While not using 'beurteilen,' this idiom means to 'judge the situation' or 'get the lay of the land.'

Lass uns erst mal die Lage peilen, bevor wir entscheiden.

informal

"Ins gleiche Horn stoßen."

— To express the same judgment or opinion as someone else.

Alle Kritiker stießen ins gleiche Horn und beurteilten den Film als schlecht.

neutral/literary

"Ein Urteil fällen."

— To pass judgment or reach a verdict. This is the noun-based idiomatic version of 'beurteilen.'

Der Richter hat heute das Urteil gefällt.

formal

"Auf Herz und Nieren prüfen."

— To judge or test something very thoroughly (literally 'on heart and kidneys').

Wir müssen diesen Plan auf Herz und Nieren beurteilen.

neutral

"Sich ein Bild machen."

— To form an opinion or judgment of something (literally 'to make a picture for oneself').

Ich muss mir erst ein Bild von der Lage machen, um sie zu beurteilen.

neutral

"Die Spreu vom Weizen trennen."

— To separate the wheat from the chaff, meaning to judge what is good and what is bad.

Bei diesem Wettbewerb müssen wir die Spreu vom Weizen beurteilen.

neutral

"Jemanden in eine Schublade stecken."

— To judge someone prematurely and put them into a category (pigeonholing).

Er beurteilt Leute zu schnell und steckt sie in eine Schublade.

informal

"Das Zünglein an der Waage sein."

— To be the deciding factor in a judgment or evaluation.

Seine Stimme beurteilte den Ausgang der Wahl; er war das Zünglein an der Waage.

neutral

容易混淆

beurteilen vs verurteilen

Similar prefix and root.

'Beurteilen' is neutral and analytical. 'Verurteilen' is negative and means to find someone guilty or to strongly disapprove of something.

Ich beurteile seine Leistung (assessment). Der Richter verurteilt den Dieb (sentencing).

beurteilen vs bewerten

Both involve evaluation.

'Bewerten' is often technical or numerical (like giving stars or grades). 'Beurteilen' is more qualitative and describes the mental act of forming an opinion.

Ich bewerte die App mit 5 Sternen. Ich beurteile die App als sehr nützlich.

beurteilen vs einschätzen

Both mean to assess.

'Einschätzen' is more like an estimate or a guess based on intuition. 'Beurteilen' is a more formal judgment based on analysis.

Ich schätze das Gewicht auf 10 Kilo. Ich beurteile die Qualität des Materials.

beurteilen vs begutachten

Both involve looking at something to form an opinion.

'Begutachten' implies a physical inspection by an expert (like a doctor or mechanic). 'Beurteilen' is a broader mental evaluation.

Der Gutachter begutachtet den Unfallwagen. Ich beurteile die Situation.

beurteilen vs meinen

Both relate to opinions.

'Meinen' is a simple 'to think' or 'to have an opinion.' 'Beurteilen' is a more deliberate and reasoned evaluation.

Ich meine, es wird regnen. Ich beurteile die Wetterlage.

句型

Ich beurteile [Akkusativ-Objekt].

Ich beurteile den Wein.

Es ist [Adjektiv], [Objekt] zu beurteilen.

Es ist leicht, das Foto zu beurteilen.

Wie beurteilen Sie [Akkusativ-Objekt]?

Wie beurteilen Sie meine Arbeit?

Ich kann nicht beurteilen, ob [Nebensatz].

Ich kann nicht beurteilen, ob er recht hat.

[Subjekt] wird als [Adjektiv] beurteilt.

Der Plan wird als riskant beurteilt.

Man beurteilt [Objekt] nach [Dativ].

Man beurteilt ihn nach seinen Taten.

Hinsichtlich [Genitiv] lässt sich [Subjekt] [Adverb] beurteilen.

Hinsichtlich der Kosten lässt sich das Projekt positiv beurteilen.

Es gilt, die [Abstraktum] [Adverb] zu beurteilen.

Es gilt, die ethischen Implikationen umfassend zu beurteilen.

词族

名词

die Beurteilung (assessment/evaluation)

das Urteil (judgment/verdict)

der Beurteiler (assessor/judge)

das Vorurteil (prejudice)

das Fehlurteil (misjudgment)

动词

verurteilen (to condemn/sentence)

urteilen (to judge/pass judgment)

aburteilen (to judge/condemn formally)

ausurteilen (to decide by judgment)

形容词

beurteilbar (judgeable/assessable)

unbeurteilbar (impossible to judge)

urteilskräftig (having good judgment)

vorurteilsfrei (unbiased)

vorurteilsbehaftet (prejudiced)

如何使用

frequency

Very high in professional and written German; moderate in casual spoken German.

常见错误

Ich habe ihn gebeurteilt. → Ich habe ihn beurteilt.
Verbs with the inseparable prefix 'be-' do not take 'ge-' in the past participle.
Ich beurteile ihm. → Ich beurteile ihn.
'Beurteilen' is a transitive verb and always takes the accusative case, not the dative.
Der Richter beurteilt den Dieb zu drei Jahren Gefängnis. → Der Richter verurteilt den Dieb zu drei Jahren Gefängnis.
You use 'verurteilen' for sentencing or legal condemnation. 'Beurteilen' is just evaluation.
Das ist schwer be-zu-urteilen. → Das ist schwer zu beurteilen.
In an 'um...zu' or 'zu' infinitive, the 'zu' comes before the entire verb if the prefix is inseparable.
Ich beurteile, dass das Wetter schön ist. → Ich finde, dass das Wetter schön ist.
'Beurteilen' is for analysis, not for simple subjective feelings or observations.

小贴士

Remember the Prefix

The prefix 'be-' makes the verb transitive. You always need to judge *something* or *someone*. Never use it without an object.

Use with Adverbs

To sound more like a native, always add an adverb. Saying 'Ich beurteile das objektiv' sounds much more natural than just 'Ich beurteile das.'

Don't Condemn

Be very careful not to mix up 'beurteilen' and 'verurteilen.' One is a neutral assessment, the other is a harsh condemnation.

Performance Reviews

In a German workplace, 'beurteilen' is the standard word for performance reviews. Use it when talking about goals and achievements.

Academic Writing

In university papers, use 'beurteilen' to show you are critically engaging with a theory or a source. It is a 'power verb' for students.

Polite Disagreement

Saying 'Das kann ich nicht beurteilen' is a very polite and intellectual way to disagree or avoid a topic you don't know well.

News Keywords

When you hear 'beurteilen' on the news, get ready for an expert opinion. It usually precedes the main takeaway of the interview.

Root Word

Focus on the root 'Urteil' (judgment). If you know a judge gives an 'Urteil,' you know 'beurteilen' is what the judge does.

Ask for Opinions

Use 'Wie beurteilen Sie das?' to ask for someone's expert or serious opinion. It sounds more respectful than 'Was denkst du?'

Look for 'nach'

Whenever you see 'beurteilen' and 'nach' together, it means 'to judge based on.' This is a very common and useful pattern.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of a judge with a big 'B' on his robe. He is 'B-Urteiling' (beurteilen) the case. The 'B' stands for 'Based on facts.'

视觉联想

Imagine a set of scales. On one side are facts, on the other side is a brain. The act of balancing them is 'beurteilen.'

Word Web

Urteil Bewertung Kritik Analyse Meinung Fakten Richter Einschätzung

挑战

Try to write three sentences about your favorite hobby using 'beurteilen.' For example, 'I judge (beurteile) a movie by its story, not its effects.'

词源

The word 'beurteilen' is derived from the Middle High German word 'urteilen,' which comes from Old High German 'urteilī.' The prefix 'be-' was added later to make the verb transitive and to emphasize the application of judgment to a specific object. The root 'ur-' means 'out of' or 'original,' and 'teil' means 'part' or 'deal.' Originally, 'urteilen' meant to deal out or distribute a share, which evolved into the legal sense of dealing out a verdict.

原始含义： To deal out a share or portion; later, to deliver a legal verdict or decision.

Germanic

文化背景

Be careful not to use 'beurteilen' when you mean 'verurteilen' (to condemn). Using 'beurteilen' for a person's character can sound cold or clinical.

English speakers often use 'judge' more casually than Germans use 'beurteilen.' In English, 'I'm judging you' can be a joke. In German, 'beurteilen' is rarely used jokingly; it remains quite formal.

Immanuel Kant: Kritik der Urteilskraft (Critique of Judgment). The German legal code (Strafprozessordnung) uses this word extensively. German TV shows like 'Das Literarische Quartett' where critics beurteilen books.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Job Performance Review

Ihre Leistungen beurteilen
eine faire Beurteilung
die Arbeitsweise beurteilen
Fortschritte beurteilen

Legal Proceedings

den Sachverhalt beurteilen
die Beweise beurteilen
die Schuldfähigkeit beurteilen
ein Vergehen beurteilen

Art and Film Criticism

das Werk beurteilen
den Stil beurteilen
die schauspielerische Leistung beurteilen
die Qualität beurteilen

Scientific Research

die Daten beurteilen
die Validität beurteilen
Ergebnisse objektiv beurteilen
Risiken beurteilen

Daily Personal Opinions

Das kann ich nicht beurteilen
Soweit ich das beurteilen kann
Wie beurteilst du das?
Nicht vorschnell beurteilen

对话开场白

"Wie beurteilen Sie die aktuelle wirtschaftliche Situation in Ihrem Land?"

"Finden Sie es schwierig, Menschen beim ersten Treffen zu beurteilen?"

"Wie beurteilst du den Einfluss von sozialen Medien auf die Jugend?"

"Nach welchen Kriterien beurteilen Sie ein gutes Restaurant?"

"Kann man Kunst überhaupt objektiv beurteilen, oder ist alles subjektiv?"

日记主题

Schreiben Sie über eine Situation, in der Sie jemanden falsch beurteilt haben. Was haben Sie daraus gelernt?

Wie beurteilen Sie Ihren eigenen Erfolg im letzten Jahr? Seien Sie ehrlich und objektiv.

Beurteilen Sie den Einfluss von Technologie auf Ihr tägliches Leben. Gibt es mehr Vor- oder Nachteile?

Welche Kriterien nutzen Sie, um zu beurteilen, ob ein Buch lesenswert ist?

Reflektieren Sie darüber, wie andere Menschen Sie beurteilen. Entspricht das Ihrem wahren Selbst?

常见问题

10 个问题

It is a weak (regular) verb. Its forms are: beurteilen, beurteilte, hat beurteilt. It does not change its stem vowel like strong verbs do.

Verbs with inseparable prefixes like 'be-', 'ver-', 'er-', 'ent-', 'ge-', 'miss-', 'zer-', and 'emp-' do not take the 'ge-' prefix in the past participle. Therefore, it is 'beurteilt.'

Yes, but be careful. Using it for a person's character can sound a bit clinical or judgmental. It is most commonly used for a person's work, performance, or specific actions.

'Urteilen' is more general and often used without an object (e.g., 'Er urteilt zu schnell'). 'Beurteilen' is transitive and requires an object that you are evaluating (e.g., 'Er beurteilt den Fall').

No, it can be used alone (e.g., 'Ich beurteile das'). However, 'als' is very common when you want to specify the result of the judgment (e.g., 'Ich beurteile das als Erfolg').

It always takes the Accusative case for the direct object. If you use the preposition 'nach,' that preposition takes the Dative case.

You could say 'Beurteile mich nicht,' but more commonly Germans might say 'Verurteile mich nicht' if they mean 'Don't condemn me.' 'Beurteile mich nicht' sounds like 'Don't evaluate my performance.'

Yes, critics 'beurteilen' food or wine, but for a simple personal preference, 'schmecken' or 'finden' is more natural.

The noun is 'die Beurteilung.' It means assessment, evaluation, or judgment.

Yes, very often! Commentators 'beurteilen' a player's form, a referee's decision, or a team's strategy.

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