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Erkrankung

B1 noun #3,500 最常用 12分钟阅读

Erkrankung

前3,500

开始练习例句笔记与提示 Erkrankung 30秒了解

解析 Erkrankung in your Level:

At the A1 level, you usually don't need the word 'Erkrankung'. You focus on basic words like 'krank' (sick) or 'gesund' (healthy). You learn to say 'Ich bin krank' (I am sick) or 'Mein Kopf tut weh' (My head hurts). However, it is good to recognize 'Erkrankung' if you see it on a form at a doctor's office. Just remember it means 'illness'. You don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but knowing that 'die' is the article for it is a great start. Focus on the root word 'krank' first, as 'Erkrankung' is just a more complex version of it.

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At the A2 level, you begin to encounter more formal situations, like making a doctor's appointment or explaining why you were absent from a German class. You might see 'Erkrankung' on a 'Krankmeldung' (sick note). You should know that 'Erkrankung' is the noun form of 'krank sein'. You might start to see it in simple texts about health, like 'Sport ist gut gegen Erkrankungen'. At this level, you should be able to recognize the plural 'Erkrankungen' and know that it refers to medical conditions in general. It's a useful word to have in your passive vocabulary.

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This is the level where 'Erkrankung' becomes a key vocabulary word. At B1, you are expected to handle everyday medical situations and professional communication. You should use 'Erkrankung' in formal emails to your boss ('Wegen einer Erkrankung...') and understand it when a doctor explains a diagnosis. You should also learn common adjectives that go with it, like 'schwere Erkrankung' (serious illness) or 'leichte Erkrankung' (mild illness). You will start using the preposition 'an' with it: 'Er leidet an einer Erkrankung'. This word helps you sound more professional and precise.

At B2, you need 'Erkrankung' for more complex discussions about health policy, social issues, and science. You will encounter it in news articles and professional journals. You should be comfortable with compound words like 'Erkrankungsrisiko' (risk of illness) and 'Infektionserkrankung'. You should also distinguish between 'Erkrankung' and 'Krankheit' based on the context of the conversation. At this level, you use the word to discuss mental health ('psychische Erkrankungen') and chronic conditions ('chronische Erkrankungen') in detail, using correct grammar and genitive forms.

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At the C1 level, 'Erkrankung' is a standard part of your academic and professional vocabulary. You use it in formal presentations and written reports. You understand the nuances between 'Erkrankung', 'Leiden', 'Störung', and 'Pathologie'. You can discuss the 'Ätiologie' (etiology) or 'Prävention' of various 'Erkrankungen' with ease. You are also familiar with legal and insurance-related terms involving the word, such as 'Berufserkrankung' (occupational disease). Your usage is precise, and you naturally use the genitive case and complex sentence structures surrounding the word.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native command of the word 'Erkrankung'. You can use it in highly specialized medical or philosophical contexts. You might discuss the 'phänomenologische Perspektive einer Erkrankung' or analyze the 'sozioökonomischen Auswirkungen von chronischen Erkrankungen' in a thesis. You understand the historical evolution of the term and can use it rhetorically in high-level debates. For you, 'Erkrankung' is not just a word for being sick, but a precise tool for categorizing and analyzing the human condition in a medicalized society.

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开始练习例句笔记与提示

Erkrankung 30秒了解

Erkrankung is a formal feminine noun meaning illness or disease.
It is primarily used in medical, legal, and professional contexts.
It is derived from the verb 'erkranken' (to fall ill).
Commonly paired with 'an' (suffer from) and adjectives like 'chronisch' or 'schwer'.

The German word Erkrankung is a feminine noun that translates most directly to 'illness', 'disease', or 'medical condition' in English. While it shares a semantic field with the more common word 'Krankheit', 'Erkrankung' carries a slightly more formal, clinical, and precise tone. It is the term you will encounter in medical reports, insurance documents, and professional health discussions. When a doctor speaks about a specific instance of being unwell, they often refer to it as an 'Erkrankung'. For example, 'eine entzündliche Erkrankung' (an inflammatory disease) sounds more professional than 'eine entzündliche Krankheit'. The word is derived from the verb 'erkranken' (to fall ill), which combines the prefix 'er-' (denoting a transition into a state) with the root 'krank' (sick) and the suffix '-ung' (which turns verbs into nouns). This morphological structure suggests the process of becoming ill or the state resulting from that process. In everyday German, people might say 'Ich bin krank' (I am sick), but in a workplace setting or when filling out official forms, they would refer to their 'Erkrankung'. It is used to describe both physical and mental health issues.

Medical Context: In clinical settings, an 'Erkrankung' refers to a specific pathological condition diagnosed by a professional. It is often used with adjectives to specify the nature of the ailment, such as 'chronische Erkrankung' (chronic illness) or 'akute Erkrankung' (acute illness).

Die frühzeitige Diagnose einer Erkrankung ist entscheidend für den Heilungsprozess.

Understanding the nuance between 'Erkrankung' and 'Krankheit' is a hallmark of B1-B2 level proficiency. 'Krankheit' is the general concept of sickness or a specific named disease (like 'die Parkinson-Krankheit'), whereas 'Erkrankung' often refers to the individual case or the medical event of being sick. If you are absent from work, your employer might ask for a 'Bescheinigung über die Arbeitsunfähigkeit infolge einer Erkrankung' (certificate of incapacity for work due to an illness). The word is also central to discussions about public health, where 'Erkrankungsraten' (illness rates) are analyzed. In psychological contexts, 'psychische Erkrankung' is the standard way to refer to mental health disorders, replacing older, more stigmatizing terms. Furthermore, the term is frequently used in plural—'Erkrankungen'—to categorize groups of diseases, such as 'Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen' (cardiovascular diseases). This categorization is essential in scientific literature. When discussing the symptoms of an illness, Germans often use the phrase 'Symptome einer Erkrankung'. The word does not just mean feeling unwell (which would be 'Unwohlsein'); it implies a biological or psychological deviation from health that has a diagnostic basis. Therefore, it is a 'heavy' word, used with gravity. If someone has a minor cold, 'Erkrankung' might sound overly dramatic, but for anything requiring a doctor's visit, it is perfectly appropriate.

Viele Erkrankungen lassen sich durch einen gesunden Lebensstil vermeiden.

In summary, 'Erkrankung' is the bridge between the everyday feeling of being 'krank' and the scientific study of 'Pathologie'. It is a versatile noun that covers the entire spectrum of human ailments, provided the context demands a certain level of formality. Whether you are reading a medical leaflet (Packungsbeilage), listening to a news report about a pandemic, or discussing health insurance (Krankenversicherung), this word will be a constant companion in your German language journey.

Using Erkrankung correctly requires attention to its gender (feminine: die) and its common collocations. Because it is a formal word, it often appears in complex sentence structures involving prepositions and genitive constructions. One of the most common ways to use it is with the preposition 'an' followed by the dative case when describing what someone is suffering from: 'Er leidet an einer schweren Erkrankung.' (He is suffering from a serious illness). This is a standard B1 level construction.

Common Prepositions: 'Wegen einer Erkrankung' (because of an illness) is frequently used in formal excuses for absence. 'Nach einer Erkrankung' (after an illness) describes the recovery phase.

When describing the severity or type of the condition, adjectives are placed before the noun: 'eine seltene Erkrankung' (a rare disease), 'eine ansteckende Erkrankung' (a contagious illness), or 'eine ernsthafte Erkrankung' (a serious condition). Note that the adjective endings must agree with the feminine gender and the case of the sentence.

Aufgrund einer plötzlichen Erkrankung musste das Konzert abgesagt werden.

In the genitive case, which is common in formal writing, the word becomes 'der Erkrankung'. For example: 'Die Ursachen der Erkrankung sind noch unklar.' (The causes of the illness are still unclear). This structure is very common in medical journalism and research. In the plural, it is 'die Erkrankungen'. You might see this in phrases like 'Infektionserkrankungen' (infectious diseases) or 'Atemwegserkrankungen' (respiratory illnesses). Another important usage is in the context of prevention (Prävention) and symptoms (Symptome). You might hear a doctor ask: 'Wann haben die ersten Anzeichen der Erkrankung begonnen?' (When did the first signs of the illness begin?). Or a health advisor might say: 'Regelmäßige Bewegung schützt vor vielen chronischen Erkrankungen.' (Regular exercise protects against many chronic illnesses).

Verbal Pairings: Common verbs used with 'Erkrankung' include: feststellen (to diagnose/determine), behandeln (to treat), vorbeugen (to prevent), and ausheilen (to heal completely).

In professional emails, if you are calling in sick, you might write: 'Ich kann heute wegen einer Erkrankung nicht zur Arbeit kommen.' While 'Ich bin krank' is fine for a quick text to a colleague, the 'Erkrankung' version is the standard for formal communication. It maintains a professional distance and focuses on the medical fact rather than the personal feeling of being sick.

Es gibt verschiedene Therapiemöglichkeiten für diese spezifische Erkrankung.

Finally, pay attention to the compound words. German loves building long nouns. 'Erkrankungsrisiko' (risk of illness), 'Erkrankungsfall' (case of illness), and 'Erkrankungsverlauf' (course of the illness) are all words you will encounter as you progress to higher CEFR levels. Mastering these compounds allows you to speak about health with the precision of a native speaker.

You will hear Erkrankung in a variety of real-world scenarios in Germany, ranging from the doctor's office to the evening news. It is not a word for a casual chat over coffee, but rather for situations where health is the primary topic of discussion. If you visit a 'Hausarzt' (general practitioner), the physician will use this term during the consultation. They might say, 'Wir müssen untersuchen, ob es sich um eine bakterielle Erkrankung handelt.' (We need to investigate whether it is a bacterial illness).

Media and News: News anchors on programs like 'Tagesschau' use 'Erkrankung' when reporting on public health trends, such as the seasonal flu or the spread of new viruses. They often talk about 'die Zahl der Neuerkrankungen' (the number of new cases/illnesses).

In the workplace, the term is omnipresent in the HR department. When you submit a 'Krankmeldung' (sick note), the underlying legal reason is an 'Erkrankung'. If a company has a high rate of absenteeism, the management might discuss 'krankheitsbedingte Ausfälle' or the 'Häufigkeit von Erkrankungen' among the staff.

In den Nachrichten wurde über eine neue Erkrankung berichtet, die sich in den Tropen ausbreitet.

Public service announcements (PSAs) also rely heavily on this word. Posters in pharmacies or waiting rooms might say, 'Schützen Sie sich vor viralen Erkrankungen durch regelmäßiges Händewaschen.' (Protect yourself from viral illnesses by washing your hands regularly). These posters use 'Erkrankung' because it sounds authoritative and scientifically grounded. You will also find this word in the context of health insurance (Krankenkasse). When you receive letters from your insurance provider, they will use 'Erkrankung' to refer to your medical history or the conditions for which they provide coverage. For instance, 'Zusatzversicherung für schwere Erkrankungen' (supplementary insurance for serious illnesses).

Educational Contexts: In biology class or medical school, students learn about 'die Pathogenese einer Erkrankung' (the pathogenesis of a disease). It is the standard academic term for any health-related study.

Finally, in modern German society, there is a growing emphasis on 'psychische Erkrankungen' (mental illnesses). You will hear this term in podcasts, talk shows, and awareness campaigns aimed at destigmatizing mental health issues. By using the formal 'Erkrankung' instead of older terms, the focus is placed on the medical reality and the need for professional treatment, treating it with the same respect as a physical ailment.

Das Bewusstsein für psychische Erkrankungen am Arbeitsplatz hat in den letzten Jahren deutlich zugenommen.

In summary, 'Erkrankung' is the word of the expert, the reporter, and the official. While 'krank' is how you feel, 'Erkrankung' is what you have from a systematic, societal, or medical perspective.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using 'Krankheit' and 'Erkrankung' interchangeably in all contexts. While they are often synonyms, using 'Krankheit' in a highly formal medical report can sometimes sound slightly less professional, whereas using 'Erkrankung' in a casual conversation like 'Ich habe eine kleine Erkrankung' (I have a small illness) can sound unnaturally stiff or even hypochondriacal.

Mistake: Wrong Gender: Many learners assume medical terms might be masculine or neuter. Remember: All nouns ending in '-ung' are feminine. It is ALWAYS 'die Erkrankung', never 'der' or 'das'.

Another common error involves the plural form. Learners sometimes try to pluralize it as 'Erkrankunge' or 'Erkrankunges'. The correct plural is always 'Erkrankungen'. This is a very consistent rule for '-ung' nouns.

Falsch: Der Erkrankung ist gefährlich.
Richtig: Die Erkrankung ist gefährlich.

Prepositional errors are also frequent. English speakers often want to use 'von' (of) to describe suffering from an illness, but in German, the standard idiom is 'an einer Erkrankung leiden' (to suffer from an illness). Using 'von' is not technically 'wrong' in all contexts (e.g., 'die Symptome von der Erkrankung'), but 'an' is the preferred medical and formal preposition for 'suffering from'. Learners also struggle with the difference between 'Erkrankung' and 'Infektion'. An 'Infektion' is the entry of a pathogen into the body, while the 'Erkrankung' is the resulting state of being sick. You can have an infection without an 'Erkrankung' (asymptomatic), but an infectious 'Erkrankung' implies symptoms and pathology. Mixing these up in a scientific context can lead to confusion.

Confusion with 'Übelkeit': 'Übelkeit' specifically means nausea. Don't use 'Erkrankung' if you just feel like you might throw up. 'Erkrankung' is a broad category, not a specific feeling.

Finally, watch out for the adjective 'erkrankt'. It means 'ill' or 'diseased' and is often used as a participle: 'Der an Grippe erkrankte Kollege' (The colleague who fell ill with the flu). Learners often forget the 'er-' prefix and just say 'krankte', which is incorrect. The verb is 'erkranken', and the adjective/participle is 'erkrankt'.

Falsch: Er ist an einer Grippe krankt.
Richtig: Er ist an einer Grippe erkrankt.

By keeping these distinctions in mind—gender, pluralization, preposition choice, and formality level—you will avoid the most common pitfalls and use 'Erkrankung' like a native speaker.

German has a rich vocabulary for health and sickness. Understanding the alternatives to Erkrankung will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most obvious alternative is 'Krankheit'. As discussed, 'Krankheit' is more general and can refer to the abstract concept of being sick. If you want to talk about 'heart disease' as a general topic, 'Herzkrankheit' is common, but 'Herzerkrankung' is more clinical.

Erkrankung vs. Leiden: 'Leiden' (n.) refers to a chronic condition or suffering. It often has a more empathetic or long-term connotation. 'Ein chronisches Leiden' suggests a burden the person carries, while 'eine chronische Erkrankung' is a medical diagnosis.

Another word is 'Gebrechen' (n.). This is a somewhat old-fashioned or formal term for a physical defect or infirmity, often associated with old age. You wouldn't use it for a flu, but you might for someone who has a permanent physical limitation.

Das Leiden des Patienten konnte durch die neue Therapie gelindert werden.

In very informal settings, people use 'Infekt' (m.). For example, 'Ich habe einen Infekt' (I have a bug/minor infection). This is much more common in daily life than saying 'Ich habe eine respiratorische Erkrankung'. If you are feeling just slightly off, you might use 'Unwohlsein' (n.) or 'Beschwerden' (pl.). 'Beschwerden' is a great word for 'complaints' or 'symptoms'. A doctor will ask: 'Was für Beschwerden haben Sie?' (What symptoms/complaints do you have?). For serious, long-term conditions, 'Pathologie' (f.) is used in purely scientific contexts. If a disease is very contagious, you might hear 'Seuche' (f.), though this word is quite strong and often refers to epidemics or plagues (like 'die Pest'). In modern times, 'Pandemie' or 'Epidemie' are used instead for large-scale outbreaks.

Erkrankung vs. Störung: In psychology, 'Störung' (f.) meaning 'disorder' is very common (e.g., 'Angststörung' - anxiety disorder). 'Erkrankung' is also used ('psychische Erkrankung'), but 'Störung' is the technical term for many specific conditions.

Finally, 'Zustand' (m.) means 'condition' or 'state'. You might hear 'der Gesundheitszustand' (the state of health). This is a neutral way to describe how someone is doing without necessarily labeling it as an illness yet. If you want to say someone is getting better, you talk about 'Genesung' (f.) or 'Besserung' (f.).

Nach der Erkrankung ist eine lange Phase der Genesung notwendig.

Choosing the right word depends on the 'Register' (formality level) and the specific medical nature of the situation. 'Erkrankung' remains the gold standard for clinical and professional communication.

How Formal Is It?

趣味小知识

The root 'krank' originally meant 'crooked' or 'twisted' in some Germanic dialects, implying that being sick was a 'twisted' state of the body.

发音指南

UK /ɛɐ̯ˈkʁaŋkʊŋ/

US /erˈkrɑŋkʊŋ/

The primary stress is on the second syllable: er-KRANK-ung.

押韵词

Abdeckung Entdeckung Wirkung Senkung Lenkung Schenkung Beschränkung Ablenkung

常见错误

Pronouncing the '-ung' as '-unk'. It should be a soft nasal 'ng'.
Stress on the first syllable.
Missing the 'r' sound after the 'e' in 'er-'.

难度评级

阅读 3/5

Easy to recognize because of the root 'krank'.

写作 4/5

Requires knowledge of the '-ung' suffix and feminine gender.

口语 4/5

Pronouncing the 'nk' and 'ung' correctly takes practice.

听力 3/5

Clear pronunciation in formal contexts makes it easy to hear.

接下来学什么

前置知识

krank Gesundheit Arzt Krankheit leiden

接下来学习

Diagnose Symptom Therapie Prävention chronisch

高级

Pathogenese Ätiologie Inzidenz Prävalenz Morbidität

需要掌握的语法

Feminine Nouns with -ung

Die Erkrankung, die Heilung, die Vorbeugung.

Genitive Case with Nouns

Die Symptome DER Erkrankung.

Dative after 'an' (Suffering)

Er leidet AN einer Erkrankung.

Compound Noun Formation

Herz + Erkrankung = Herzerkrankung.

Wegen + Genitive

Wegen einer Erkrankung (formal).

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按水平分级的例句

Ich bin krank.

I am sick.

A1 uses the adjective 'krank'.

Die Frau ist krank.

The woman is sick.

Simple subject-verb-adjective structure.

Haben Sie eine Krankheit?

Do you have a disease?

A1 uses 'Krankheit' as a simple noun.

Er hat Fieber.

He has a fever.

Common symptom description.

Ich gehe zum Arzt.

I am going to the doctor.

Action related to being sick.

Trinken Sie viel Tee.

Drink a lot of tea.

Imperative for health advice.

Gute Besserung!

Get well soon!

Standard phrase for someone who is sick.

Das ist eine Apotheke.

That is a pharmacy.

Vocabulary related to illness.

Er fehlt wegen einer Erkrankung.

He is absent due to an illness.

Introduction of 'wegen' + genitive/dative.

Ist die Erkrankung gefährlich?

Is the illness dangerous?

Using 'Erkrankung' as a subject.

Ich brauche ein Attest für meine Erkrankung.

I need a certificate for my illness.

Context of work/school absence.

Sie hatte eine leichte Erkrankung.

She had a mild illness.

Adjective 'leicht' with 'Erkrankung'.

Gibt es Medikamente gegen diese Erkrankung?

Are there medicines for this illness?

Preposition 'gegen' + accusative.

Die Erkrankung dauerte eine Woche.

The illness lasted one week.

Describing duration.

Er spricht mit dem Arzt über seine Erkrankung.

He is talking to the doctor about his illness.

Preposition 'über' + accusative.

Viele Menschen haben diese Erkrankung.

Many people have this illness.

General statement about prevalence.

Er leidet an einer chronischen Erkrankung.

He suffers from a chronic illness.

Standard idiom: 'an etwas (Dat.) leiden'.

Die Symptome der Erkrankung sind vielfältig.

The symptoms of the illness are diverse.

Genitive case 'der Erkrankung'.

Nach der Erkrankung fühlte er sich schwach.

After the illness, he felt weak.

Preposition 'nach' + dative.

Welche Behandlung hilft bei dieser Erkrankung?

Which treatment helps with this illness?

Preposition 'bei' + dative.

Eine gesunde Ernährung beugt Erkrankungen vor.

A healthy diet prevents illnesses.

Separable verb 'vorbeugen'.

Das Risiko für eine Erkrankung steigt im Alter.

The risk of an illness increases with age.

Noun 'Risiko' + 'für'.

Die Versicherung deckt diese Erkrankung nicht ab.

The insurance does not cover this illness.

Business/legal context.

Er hat sich von seiner schweren Erkrankung erholt.

He has recovered from his serious illness.

Reflexive verb 'sich erholen von'.

Die Zahl der Neuerkrankungen ist gesunken.

The number of new cases has decreased.

Compound noun 'Neuerkrankungen'.

Psychische Erkrankungen werden oft unterschätzt.

Mental illnesses are often underestimated.

Passive voice construction.

Die Diagnose einer seltenen Erkrankung ist schwierig.

The diagnosis of a rare disease is difficult.

Genitive with adjective 'einer seltenen'.

Umweltfaktoren spielen bei dieser Erkrankung eine Rolle.

Environmental factors play a role in this illness.

Complex subject 'Umweltfaktoren'.

Die Therapie muss auf die jeweilige Erkrankung abgestimmt sein.

The therapy must be tailored to the respective illness.

Participial adjective 'abgestimmt'.

Infektionserkrankungen breiten sich in Städten schneller aus.

Infectious diseases spread faster in cities.

Compound 'Infektionserkrankungen'.

Trotz seiner Erkrankung arbeitet er Vollzeit.

Despite his illness, he works full-time.

Preposition 'trotz' + genitive.

Wissenschaftler untersuchen die Ursachen der Erkrankung.

Scientists are investigating the causes of the illness.

Formal scientific context.

Die Ätiologie dieser spezifischen Erkrankung bleibt rätselhaft.

The etiology of this specific illness remains mysterious.

Academic vocabulary 'Ätiologie'.

Präventive Maßnahmen senken das Risiko für chronische Erkrankungen.

Preventive measures lower the risk of chronic illnesses.

Formal adjective 'präventiv'.

Die sozioökonomischen Folgen der Erkrankung sind erheblich.

The socio-economic consequences of the illness are significant.

Compound adjective 'sozioökonomisch'.

Es handelt sich um eine degenerative Erkrankung des Nervensystems.

It is a degenerative disease of the nervous system.

Specific medical terminology.

Die Erkrankung manifestiert sich meist im frühen Erwachsenenalter.

The illness usually manifests in early adulthood.

Reflexive verb 'sich manifestieren'.

Es besteht ein kausaler Zusammenhang zwischen Stress und dieser Erkrankung.

There is a causal link between stress and this illness.

Formal phrase 'kausaler Zusammenhang'.

Die medikamentöse Behandlung der Erkrankung wurde optimiert.

The drug treatment of the illness has been optimized.

Adjective 'medikamentös'.

In der Fachliteratur wird die Erkrankung ausführlich beschrieben.

The illness is described in detail in the specialist literature.

Passive voice with 'wird ... beschrieben'.

Die Pathogenese der Erkrankung ist durch multifaktorielle Einflüsse geprägt.

The pathogenesis of the disease is characterized by multifactorial influences.

Highly technical academic German.

Die Erkrankung stellt eine enorme Belastung für das Gesundheitssystem dar.

The illness represents an enormous burden on the healthcare system.

Formal verb 'darstellen'.

Die Symptomatik der Erkrankung variiert interindividuell stark.

The symptoms of the illness vary greatly between individuals.

Adverb 'interindividuell'.

Eine frühzeitige Intervention kann den Verlauf der Erkrankung maßgeblich beeinflussen.

Early intervention can significantly influence the course of the illness.

Noun 'Intervention' and adverb 'maßgeblich'.

Die Erkrankung wird oft durch eine genetische Prädisposition begünstigt.

The illness is often favored by a genetic predisposition.

Scientific term 'Prädisposition'.

Die psychosozialen Aspekte der Erkrankung dürfen nicht vernachlässigt werden.

The psychosocial aspects of the illness must not be neglected.

Compound 'psychosozial'.

Die Inzidenz der Erkrankung hat sich im letzten Jahrzehnt verdoppelt.

The incidence of the illness has doubled in the last decade.

Statistical term 'Inzidenz'.

Die Erkrankung erfordert eine interdisziplinäre Herangehensweise.

The illness requires an interdisciplinary approach.

Adjective 'interdisziplinär'.

近义词

Krankheit Leiden Gebrechen Infekt Störung Beschwerde Affektion Pathologie

反义词

Gesundheit Genesung Heilung Wohlbefinden

常见搭配

chronische Erkrankung

schwere Erkrankung

psychische Erkrankung

an einer Erkrankung leiden

seltene Erkrankung

infektiöse Erkrankung

Erkrankung feststellen

wegen einer Erkrankung fehlen

Symptome einer Erkrankung

Verlauf der Erkrankung

常用短语

Wegen einer Erkrankung

— Due to an illness. Used in formal excuses.

Wegen einer Erkrankung bleibt die Praxis heute geschlossen.

Anzeichen einer Erkrankung

— Signs of an illness. Early symptoms.

Erste Anzeichen einer Erkrankung wurden ignoriert.

Vorbeugung von Erkrankungen

— Prevention of illnesses. Proactive health measures.

Hygiene ist wichtig zur Vorbeugung von Erkrankungen.

Erkrankung der Atemwege

— Respiratory illness. Affecting lungs or throat.

Er hat eine chronische Erkrankung der Atemwege.

Berufsbedingte Erkrankung

— Occupational disease. Caused by one's job.

Rückenprobleme sind oft eine berufsbedingte Erkrankung.

Schwere der Erkrankung

— Severity of the illness. How bad it is.

Die Schwere der Erkrankung erfordert eine Operation.

Heilung der Erkrankung

— Curing of the illness.

Die Heilung der Erkrankung dauerte Monate.

Diagnose der Erkrankung

— Diagnosis of the illness.

Die Diagnose der Erkrankung war ein Schock.

Ursache der Erkrankung

— Cause of the illness.

Die genaue Ursache der Erkrankung ist unbekannt.

Risiko einer Erkrankung

— Risk of an illness.

Rauchen erhöht das Risiko einer Erkrankung.

容易混淆的词

Erkrankung vs Krankheit

Krankheit is more general; Erkrankung is more clinical/specific.

Erkrankung vs Infektion

Infektion is the cause (pathogen entry); Erkrankung is the result (symptoms/state).

Erkrankung vs Verletzung

Verletzung is an injury (trauma); Erkrankung is an illness (biological process).

习语与表达

"An einer Erkrankung laborieren"

— To struggle with an illness for a long time. Slightly informal but common.

Er laboriert schon seit Wochen an dieser Erkrankung.

Neutral

"Eine Erkrankung verschleppen"

— To fail to treat an illness properly, causing it to linger or worsen.

Wenn du dich nicht ausruhst, verschleppst du die Erkrankung.

Neutral

"Von einer Erkrankung gezeichnet sein"

— To show visible physical signs of having been very ill.

Nach den Wochen im Krankenhaus war er von der Erkrankung gezeichnet.

Literary

"Eine Erkrankung auskurieren"

— To rest until an illness is completely gone.

Du musst die Erkrankung erst richtig auskurieren.

Neutral

"Sich eine Erkrankung einfangen"

— To 'catch' a bug or minor illness.

Ich habe mir im Urlaub eine Magen-Darm-Erkrankung eingefangen.

Informal

"Eine Erkrankung im Keim ersticken"

— To treat an illness at the very first sign to prevent it from developing.

Mit viel Tee konnte er die Erkrankung im Keim ersticken.

Metaphorical

"Gegen eine Erkrankung ankämpfen"

— To fight against an illness.

Sie kämpft tapfer gegen ihre schwere Erkrankung an.

Neutral

"Eine Erkrankung vortäuschen"

— To fake an illness (e.g., to skip work).

Er hat eine Erkrankung vorgetäuscht, um blauzumachen.

Neutral

"Anfällig für Erkrankungen sein"

— To be prone or susceptible to getting sick.

Im Winter sind viele Menschen anfälliger für Erkrankungen.

Neutral

"Eine Erkrankung überstehen"

— To survive or get through a period of illness.

Gott sei Dank hat er die schwere Erkrankung gut überstanden.

Neutral

容易混淆

Erkrankung vs Krankheit

Both mean illness.

Krankheit is the abstract concept or general state. Erkrankung is the specific medical event or diagnosis. You have a 'Krankheit' (like diabetes) but suffer an 'Erkrankung' (the specific episode).

Die Parkinson-Krankheit ist eine schwere Erkrankung.

Erkrankung vs Leiden

Both refer to health problems.

Leiden focuses on the subjective suffering and long-term nature. Erkrankung focuses on the objective medical diagnosis.

Sein Leiden war für alle sichtbar.

Erkrankung vs Beschwerden

Both used in medical contexts.

Beschwerden are the symptoms (what the patient feels). Erkrankung is the disease (what the doctor finds).

Der Patient klagt über Beschwerden, aber der Arzt findet keine Erkrankung.

Erkrankung vs Störung

Both used for mental health.

Störung (disorder) is often the technical name for a condition (e.g., Essstörung). Erkrankung is the broader category (psychische Erkrankung).

Eine bipolare Störung ist eine psychische Erkrankung.

Erkrankung vs Ansteckung

Related to getting sick.

Ansteckung is the act of getting infected (contagion). Erkrankung is the state of being sick.

Die Ansteckung führte zu einer schweren Erkrankung.

句型

Ich habe eine [Adjektiv] Erkrankung.

Ich habe eine leichte Erkrankung.

Er leidet an einer [Adjektiv] Erkrankung.

Er leidet an einer chronischen Erkrankung.

Wegen einer Erkrankung kann ich nicht [Verb].

Wegen einer Erkrankung kann ich nicht kommen.

Die Symptome der Erkrankung sind [Adjektiv].

Die Symptome der Erkrankung sind deutlich.

Es gibt viele Arten von [Nomen]-erkrankungen.

Es gibt viele Arten von Hauterkrankungen.

Die Ursachen der Erkrankung liegen in [Nomen].

Die Ursachen der Erkrankung liegen in der Genetik.

Die Erkrankung manifestiert sich durch [Nomen].

Die Erkrankung manifestiert sich durch hohes Fieber.

Die sozioökonomische Relevanz der Erkrankung ist [Adjektiv].

Die sozioökonomische Relevanz der Erkrankung ist unbestritten.

词族

名词

Krankheit

Kranker

Krankenhaus

Krankenkasse

Krankmeldung

Erkrankungsrate

动词

erkranken

kränkeln

krankfeiern

krankmelden

形容词

krank

erkrankt

kränklich

krankhaft

如何使用

frequency

Very common in written German and formal speech.

常见错误

Der Erkrankung → Die Erkrankung
All -ung nouns are feminine. Using 'der' (masculine) is a basic gender error.
Ich leide von einer Erkrankung. → Ich leide an einer Erkrankung.
The verb 'leiden' requires the preposition 'an' plus the dative case.
Ich habe eine kleine Erkrankung (for a cold). → Ich bin erkältet.
'Erkrankung' is too formal for a minor cold. It sounds like you are being overly dramatic.
Die Erkrankunge → Die Erkrankungen
The plural of -ung nouns always ends in -ungen. Never omit the 'n'.
Erkrankung von dem Herz → Herzerkrankung
German prefers compound nouns over prepositional phrases for medical conditions.

小贴士

The -ung Rule

Always remember that nouns ending in -ung are feminine. This simplifies your grammar significantly for words like Erkrankung, Versicherung, and Übung.

Formal vs. Informal

Use 'krank' for feelings and 'Erkrankung' for diagnoses. This distinction will make your German sound much more natural and level-appropriate.

The Nasal End

Practice the 'ng' sound. It's like the 'ng' in 'sing'. Do not let a 'k' sound slip in at the very end of 'Erkrankung'.

Doctor's Office

When at the doctor, listen for the word 'Erkrankung'. It usually precedes the actual name of the illness, like 'eine virale Erkrankung'.

Sick Notes

If you need to write an excuse for work or school, the phrase 'wegen einer Erkrankung' is your best friend. It is polite and professional.

Compound Nouns

When you see a long word ending in -erkrankung, look at the first part. 'Herz-erkrankung' = heart illness. This helps you decode complex medical terms.

Privacy

In Germany, you don't have to tell your employer the exact nature of your 'Erkrankung'. Just saying you have one is legally sufficient.

The ER Mnemonic

Associate 'Er-' with 'Emergency Room' to remember that this word is about medical issues.

Preposition Choice

Always use 'an' with 'leiden'. 'Er leidet an einer Erkrankung.' Using 'von' is a common English-speaker mistake.

Professionalism

Using 'Erkrankung' instead of 'Krankheit' in a presentation about health will instantly boost your perceived language level to B2/C1.

记住它

记忆技巧

Think of 'ER' (Emergency Room) + 'KRANK' (Sick) + 'UNG' (Noun ending). You go to the ER because of an ER-KRANK-UNG.

视觉联想

Imagine a formal medical certificate (Attest) with the word 'ERKRANKUNG' written in bold at the top.

Word Web

Arzt Medikament Bett Krankenhaus Diagnose Schmerz Fieber Therapie

挑战

Try to write three sentences using 'Erkrankung' in the genitive case ('der Erkrankung') today.

词源

Derived from the Middle High German 'krank', originally meaning 'narrow', 'slender', or 'weak'. The prefix 'er-' was added to form the verb 'erkranken', meaning 'to become weak/sick'.

原始含义： The state of becoming weak or falling into a state of sickness.

Germanic.

文化背景

Always use 'psychische Erkrankung' instead of older, derogatory terms for mental health.

English speakers often just say 'illness' or 'disease'. 'Erkrankung' sounds slightly more formal than 'illness' but less terrifying than 'disease'.

Robert Koch Institute (RKI) reports on 'Infektionserkrankungen'. German Health Insurance laws (SGB V) frequently use 'Erkrankung'. Medical textbooks like 'Pschyrembel' use it as a primary term.

在生活中练习

真实语境

Doctor's Visit

Welche Erkrankung habe ich?
Ist die Erkrankung ansteckend?
Wie verläuft die Erkrankung?
Gibt es eine Heilung?

Workplace

Fehlen wegen Erkrankung
Krankheitsbedingte Abwesenheit
Berufserkrankung melden
Attest wegen Erkrankung

Insurance

Schwere Erkrankungen versichern
Vorerkrankungen angeben
Leistungen bei Erkrankung
Chronische Erkrankung melden

News/Media

Zahl der Neuerkrankungen
Ausbreitung der Erkrankung
Prävention von Erkrankungen
Forschung zu Erkrankungen

Academic/Science

Studie zu einer Erkrankung
Ursachen der Erkrankung
Symptomatik der Erkrankung
Behandlungsmethoden der Erkrankung

对话开场白

"Wissen Sie, welche Symptome typisch für diese Erkrankung sind?"

"Haben Sie schon von der neuen Erkrankung gehört, die in den Nachrichten war?"

"Wie kann man sich am besten vor solchen Erkrankungen schützen?"

"Glauben Sie, dass Stress eine häufige Ursache für psychische Erkrankungen ist?"

"Was ist der Unterschied zwischen einer Krankheit und einer Erkrankung?"

日记主题

Beschreibe eine Zeit, in der du wegen einer Erkrankung zu Hause bleiben musstest. Wie hast du dich gefühlt?

Was denkst du über die Prävention von chronischen Erkrankungen in unserer Gesellschaft?

Warum ist es wichtig, offen über psychische Erkrankungen zu sprechen?

Welche Rolle spielt die moderne Medizin bei der Heilung von seltenen Erkrankungen?

Wie hat sich dein Verständnis von Gesundheit nach einer Erkrankung verändert?

常见问题

10 个问题

Fast. 'Krankheit' ist allgemeiner. 'Erkrankung' wird oft in der medizinischen Fachsprache oder in formellen Dokumenten verwendet, um einen spezifischen Krankheitsfall zu beschreiben.

Es ist immer feminin: 'die Erkrankung'. Alle deutschen Substantive, die auf '-ung' enden, sind weiblich.

Der Plural ist 'die Erkrankungen'. Man hängt einfach ein '-en' an das Ende des Wortes.

In einem lockeren Gespräch sagst du 'Ich bin krank'. In einer formellen E-Mail an deinen Chef oder im Gespräch mit einem Arzt ist 'Erkrankung' besser.

Das ist eine Krankheit, die lange dauert oder dauerhaft bleibt und oft nicht vollständig geheilt werden kann.

Ja, absolut. 'Psychische Erkrankung' ist der korrekte und respektvolle Begriff für mentale Gesundheitsprobleme.

Das ist eine Krankheit, die man schon vor einem bestimmten Ereignis (z.B. dem Abschluss einer Versicherung) hatte.

Technisch gesehen ja, aber es klingt sehr formell. Meistens sagt man einfach 'Infekt' oder 'Erkältung'.

In der Schriftsprache nutzt man den Genitiv: 'wegen einer Erkrankung'. In der Umgangssprache hört man oft den Dativ: 'wegen einer Erkrankung' (hier identisch, da feminin).

Das ist die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass man eine bestimmte Krankheit bekommt.

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