A0 · 零起点 章节 6

社交与生存：让你的英语开口即用

6 总规则
71 例句
5 分钟
本章规则 快速练习

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the essential phrases you need to navigate the world and communicate with confidence in English.

  • Ask for prices and locations easily.
  • Order food and items politely.
  • Handle basic social interactions and emergencies.
Speak with confidence, navigate with ease.

你将学到什么

准备好让你的英语真正“活”起来了吗？本章是为你量身打造的“生存宝典”。我们将从最实用的生活场景出发，教你如何用 How much? 轻松询问价格，并学会用 I'd like... 礼貌地在餐厅点餐，告别生硬的单词堆砌。除了满足衣食住行，你还将掌握 Where is...? 这一寻路神器，从此在陌生城市也能精准定位。更重要的是，我们会带你练习 Excuse me、Sorry 和 Can I...? 等社交礼仪，让你在寻求帮助或请求许可时，显得既得体又自信。从在路边问路，到在商店结账，再到关键时刻的紧急求助，这些规则将帮你构建起一套完整的口语逻辑。学完本章，你将能自信地走进任何一家咖啡馆或超市，像当地人一样自如地处理日常事务。不再畏惧开口，你的英语社交生活从这里正式开始！

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Use 'How much is...?' to ask for the price of an item.
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to: Order items at a store using 'I'd like...'.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to: Ask for directions using 'Where is...?'.

章节指南

Overview

Starting your English journey is exciting, and we're here to make sure you can use it right away! Imagine stepping into a new place and needing to ask for help, buy something, or just say thank you. This chapter is your superpower for those everyday moments.
We're focusing on English survival & socializing for beginners, giving you the most important phrases to navigate new situations with confidence. You'll learn how to ask How much? for that tasty snack, use "I'd like...
to order your coffee, and find your way with
Where is...?
Plus, you’ll master the magic words
Excuse me,« »Sorry, and Thank you" to connect politely.
This isn't about perfect grammar; it's about getting things done and feeling understood. We know that as you learn English A0 grammar, your first goal is practical communication. Whether you need to ask for permission with «Can I...?» or need urgent help, these phrases are your foundation.
They're simple, powerful, and will make your first interactions in English smooth and successful. Let’s get you speaking from day one!

How This Grammar Works

At its heart, this chapter gives you direct, usable tools for common situations. We focus on simple questions and polite requests. For example, when you want to know the price of something, you'll use How much is...? for one item (like How much is *the apple*?) or How much are...? for many items (like How much are *the apples*?).
The key is matching is or are to what you're asking about.
When you want to order something in a café or shop, or make any polite request, you’ll use I'd like.... It's short for I would like and sounds much more polite than just I want. So, you’d say I'd like *a coffee, please*. It’s friendly and respectful.
For finding your way, the phrase Where is...? is super simple and effective. You just add the place or thing you're looking for: Where is *the station*? or Where is *my phone*?
Politeness is crucial, and English has specific words for that. You say Excuse me to get someone’s attention or before you pass by them. If you accidentally bump into someone or make a small mistake, you say Sorry.
And for everything good, a simple Thank you shows appreciation. Finally, for permission, Can I...? is your go-to phrase (like Can I *sit here*?). If you're in danger or need urgent help, shout Help!.
For less urgent assistance, say Can you help me?. These phrases are your basic toolkit for navigating the English-speaking world.

Common Mistakes

  1. 1Mixing up 'is' and 'are' with 'How much'.
✗ How much are the apple?
✓ How much is the apple?
*Explanation*: is is for one item (singular), are is for multiple items (plural).
  1. 1Using 'I want' instead of 'I'd like'.
✗ I want coffee.
✓ I'd like coffee, please.
*Explanation*: I want can sound a bit demanding. "I'd like" is much more polite and common for ordering or requesting.
  1. 1Confusing 'Excuse me' and 'Sorry'.
✗ (Bumps into someone) Excuse me.
✓ (Bumps into someone) Sorry.
*Explanation*: Use Excuse me *before* you do something that might bother someone (like asking a question or walking past), and Sorry *after* you've made a mistake or caused a small problem.

Real Conversations

Dialogue 1: At a Café

A

A

I'd like a coffee, please.
B

B

Okay. How much is it?
A

A

It's three dollars.
B

B

Thank you.

Dialogue 2: Asking for Directions

A

A

Excuse me.
B

B

Yes?
A

A

Where is the bus stop?
B

B

It's over there.

Dialogue 3: In a Shop

A

A

Can I try this shirt?
B

B

Yes, of course.
A

A

Thank you.
B

B

You’re welcome.

Quick FAQ

Q

How to use How much in English when asking for a price?

Use How much is...? for a single item (e.g., *How much is the bread?*) and How much are...? for multiple items (e.g., *How much are the bananas?*).

Q

What is the difference between I like and "I'd like" in English?

I like expresses a general preference or enjoyment (e.g., *I like coffee*). I'd like (short for I would like) is a polite way to request or order something specific right now (e.g., *I'd like a coffee*).

Q

When do I say Excuse me versus Sorry?

Use Excuse me to get someone's attention, to ask someone to move, or before you interrupt them. Use Sorry after you've made a mistake, bumped into someone, or done something wrong.

Q

Is «Can I...?» always okay for asking permission?

Yes, Can I...? is the most common and natural way to ask for permission in everyday, informal English conversations. It's polite enough for most situations.

Cultural Context

In English-speaking cultures, these simple phrases are very powerful! Saying Please and Thank you is expected and shows good manners, even for very basic interactions. Using "I'd like... instead of I want..." automatically makes you sound more polite and friendly.
Similarly, starting a question with Excuse me before asking Where is...? or «Can I...?» is a small but important courtesy that native speakers appreciate. While not strictly grammar, these politeness markers are a huge part of effective English survival & socializing for beginners.

关键例句 (8)

1

How much is this apple?

这个苹果多少钱？

多少钱？ — 询问价格
2

How much is a coffee?

一杯咖啡多少钱？

多少钱？ — 询问价格
3

I'd like a hamburger, please.

请给我一个汉堡包。

我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求
4

I'd like to buy this book.

我想买这本书。

我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求
5

Excuse me, is this seat free?

打扰一下，这个座位是空的吗？

礼貌用语必备：打扰一下、对不起和谢谢
6

Oh, sorry! I didn't see you there.

哦，抱歉！我没看到你。

礼貌用语必备：打扰一下、对不起和谢谢
7

Excuse me, where is the library?

Disculpe, ¿dónde está la biblioteca?

在哪里...? — 询问地点
8

Where is my phone?

¿Dónde está mi teléfono?

在哪里...? — 询问地点

技巧与窍门 (4)

💡

礼貌用语很重要！

在问价格前加一句 Excuse me, 或者在后面加 please，会让你听起来更友好。
Excuse me, how much is this, please?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 多少钱？ — 询问价格
💡

别忘了加个 'Please'

在请求的结尾加个 please，礼貌度直接拉满。这就像给对话加了颗糖，没人会拒绝你： "I'd like a tea, please."
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求
💡

自信地使用

别害羞！大胆使用这些礼貌用语，这会显示你的尊重，让交流更顺畅。英语母语者很欣赏你的努力。
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 礼貌用语必备：打扰一下、对不起和谢谢
💡

Use 'The' for Public Places

When asking for a place everyone knows (the park, the station, the bathroom), always use 'the'. Saying 'Where is park?' sounds like the park is a person named Park.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 在哪里...? — 询问地点

核心词汇 (5)

Price cost of an item Excuse me polite way to start a question Where asking for location Help assistance Please polite request marker

Real-World Preview

coffee

At the Cafe

Review Summary

  • How much is [item]?
  • I'd like [item].
  • Excuse me / Thank you
  • Where is [place]?
  • Can I [action]?
  • I need [help/item].

常见错误

In English questions, the verb 'is' comes before the subject 'it'.

Wrong: How much it is?
正确: How much is it?

Questions need the verb 'is' before the subject.

Wrong: Where the bank is?
正确: Where is the bank?

'I like' means you enjoy it generally. 'I'd like' means you want one now.

Wrong: I like a coffee.
正确: I'd like a coffee.

Next Steps

You have done an amazing job! Keep practicing these phrases every day to build your fluency.

Practice ordering at a local cafe.

Continue to: Starting with the Basics

快速练习 (10)

选择正确的形式

I ___ a glass of water, please.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: would like
'Would like'（或其缩写 'd like）是请求某物时的礼貌表达。'Want' 听起来可能不太礼貌。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求

找出并改正句子中的错误。

Find and fix the mistake:

`Am I can help you?`

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: `Can I help you?`
你不能把 am 和 can 一起用。Can 本身就用于疑问句的开头来请求许可。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 请求允许：我可以...吗？

找出并修正错误

Find and fix the mistake:

She'd like go to the park.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She'd like to go to the park.
当表达想要做一个动作时，在 'I'd like' 之后的动词前一定要加 'to'。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求

Pick the correct sentence.

Which one is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Where are the keys?
In questions, the verb 'are' comes before the plural subject 'the keys'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 在哪里...? — 询问地点

Fix the mistake in this sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Where the milk is?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Where is the milk?
The verb 'is' must come before 'the milk'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 在哪里...? — 询问地点

哪句话正确表达了不小心撞到人后的道歉？

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Sorry! I wasn't looking.
“Sorry”用于为你犯的错误道歉。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 礼貌用语必备：打扰一下、对不起和谢谢

选择正确的动词形式

I ___ help. Where is the toilet?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: need
I need 是表达需求最自然、最正确的方式。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 救命！ — 紧急和生存短语

Complete the question with 'is' or 'are'.

Where ___ the library?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: is
Library is singular, so we use 'is'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 在哪里...? — 询问地点

哪句话是正确的？

选择正确的句子：

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: I'd like a pizza, please.
'I'd like' 用于请求；'I want' 太直接；'I like' 表达的是普遍的爱好，而不是当下的请求。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 我想要... — 点餐与礼貌请求

选择正确的短语来引起注意。

___ me, could you help me with this bag?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Excuse
“Excuse me”用于礼貌地引起别人的注意。

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 礼貌用语必备：打扰一下、对不起和谢谢

Score: /10

常见问题 (6)

最基本的就是
How much is this?
或者
How much is it?
，同时用手指出物品。这样简单又好懂。
How much is this?
因为金钱 (以及价格) 在英语里被认为是不可数名词。你不能说
one money, two money
。
How much money do you have?
最简单的方法就是 I'd like + a/an + 名词，比如 "I'd like a sandwich."。这非常适合点单件物品。
当然可以！你可以说 "I'd like two coffees and a muffin.« 或者 »I'd like some apples."
“Excuse me”通常用在行动“之前”（引起注意，通过），而“Sorry”用在行动“之后”（为错误道歉或表达遗憾）。可以这样想：“Excuse me”是预防，“Sorry”是反应。
可以的，“Thanks”是一种非正式且常见的感谢方式，尤其是在朋友之间或休闲场合。“Thank you”在任何情况下都礼貌且适用，包括正式场合。
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